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Tytuł:
Poland and the Problem of Smog – Political Action Versus Social Expectations
Autorzy:
Citkowska-Kimla, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/647673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
smog, air pollution, Poland, Polish government
Opis:
The aim of the article is to draw the European readers’ attention to the problem that the citizens of Poland must face every year during the heating season – the danger of smog. The article is divided into several parts. The first one shows the scale of the problem – the enormous danger to human health posed by breathing bad quality air. The second part discusses the cause of the lack of serious action taken by the Polish government, namely the power of the mining lobby. The third part focuses on those aspects of contemporary reality that do not allow politicians to fully manipulate society (in the context of the smog problem). The fourth part contains a closer look at the grassroots social initiatives of the citizens; it describes the activities of Poles who try to counter smog. The last part includes the conclusions as well as some ideas on how to help Poles breathe better quality air.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia; 2019, 26, 2
1428-9512
2300-7567
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Postulates and Proposals of Members of the Polish Government-in-Exile for Poland’s Economic Security in the Context of the Reconstruction of the State in 1944–1945: Selected Examples
Autorzy:
Landmann, Tomasz
Olbrycht, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
economy
state reconstruction
the Polish Government-in-Exile
Opis:
The article aims to indicate selected, postulated directions of Poland’s economic recovery in the early years after World War II, considering the contribution made by the Polish Government-in-Exile (Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile). The analysis includes a query of archival documents from 1944–1945 and a review of scientific literature. The thesis has been put forward that the substantive developments from the years 1944–1945 prepared by the Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile may constitute a valuable cognitive source for the analysis of possible directions of reconstruction and development of the Polish economy after the destruction caused by the events of World War II. It has been shown that the Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile created numerous studies on the economic recovery of the country after World War II, even before the armed conflict formally ended. Many of the valuable guidelines referred to the reconstruction and development of the coal mining industry, oil industry, and forest management.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2023, 44 (51); 27-54
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To Govern a Community of Refugees: Some Insights into the History of the Polish Refugee Administration in East Africa, 1942–1945
Autorzy:
Murkociński, Mikołaj
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/579537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
DISPLACED PERSON
EAST AFRICA
POLISH GOVERNMENT-IN-EXILE
REFUGEES
Opis:
The relocation of thousands of Polish refugees in East Africa in 1942 required a considerable effort to set up institutions capable of providing social and political care upon their arrival from Iran. Th e aim of this article is to give some insights into the tremendous task performed by the Polish officials to establish an effective administration in various British territories in Africa. Due to severe shortages of appropriate cadres the governmental agencies in refugee settlements and in Nairobi were understaffed and plagued by conflicts. The erosion of credibility of the Polish Government-in-Exile aft er the Yalta conference led to the gradual marginalization by the British of the refugees’ institutions in Africa. Nevertheless, the Polish administration in Africa survived the end of the war in 1945 and its structures functioned until the departure of the majority of Poles between 1948 and 1950.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2018, 44, 4 (170); 119-136
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wrogowie naszych sojuszników. Kwestia (nie)istnienia stanu wojny między Polską a Włochami. 1940
Enemies of our allies. The issue of (non) existence of war between Poland and Italy. 1940
Autorzy:
Hułas, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951401.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Polish government in exile
Italy
diplomatic relations
state of war
Opis:
The article presents the Polish government’s attitude to the issue of participation of Poland in the war against Italy. On the one hand, it was affected by direct Polish interests, which required the policy of restraint (moderation) without getting involved in this conflict and, on the other hand, by Poland’s obligations as an ally of France and Great Britain, which were at war against Italy since 10th June, 1940. This problem became particularly acute when likelihood of a potential military conflict between Polish and Italian forces increased due to the deployment of Carpathian Rifle Brigade first to Palestine and then to Egypt. In result of the conviction that maintenance of political compliance between Poland and Great Britain was a supreme objective, on 19th August 1940 Polish government agreed to use Polish forces against the Italian army. Nevertheless, this consent did not entail that Poland declared war against Italy. Polish government claimed that it was exempted from such a decision because after 17th September 1939, French and British governments did not declare war against the Soviet Union against which Poland, in turn, was at war. Although the analogy invoked by the Polish government was debatable, it provided a possibility of reminding the British ally that Poland was also a victim of Soviet expansion in the face of increasingly intensive critique of the USSR after the annexation of Baltic States, Bessarabia and Northern Bucovina. The article has been mostly based on resource materials. Documents of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs from the Hoover Institute collection, whose microfilms were handed over to the Central Archives of Modern Records and then made available online in the Integrated Archive System, were particularly important. Documents from the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum in London were also used herein and, additionally, documents from the British National Archives. A query in Italian archives was not carried out for the needs of this article; yet published Italian documents were used herein.
Źródło:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne; 2017, 15
1425-1930
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kierunki i formy działania społeczności wiejskiej na przykładzie wniosków składanych do lokalnej grupy działania „Lider w EGO”
Directions and Forms of the Activity of the Rural Community by the Example of Applications to the Local Action Group “Leader in EGO”
Autorzy:
Skawiński, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512397.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
social pedagogy
European Funds
Polish Government Funds
Elk
Goldap
Olecko
Opis:
In the Warmia and Mazury region there are actually 15 local action groups (LAG) of different territorial and population potential. By their activity they cover the whole territory of the Warmia-Mazury voivodeship, while in the Elk subregion is embraced especially by 4 LAG: “Stronger Together,” “Mazurian Sea,” the Union of Associations for the Communal Development of the North-ern Area of the Great Mazurian Lakes, and “Leader in EGO.” The article con-centrates on the activity of “Leader in EGO” LAG, where “EGO” is an acronym which stands for the names of three small subregions: Elk, Goldap, and Olecko. The author delivers analyses of the results of the “Leader in EGO” LAG par-ticipation in such social development programs as: “Small Projects,” “The Renovation and Development of Village,” “The Diversification in Non-Agricultural Activity,” and “The Creation and Development of Micro-Entrepreneurship.”
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2013, 15, 3; 393-418
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przyczynek do dziejów Komisji powołanej w związku z wynikiem kampanii wojennej 1939 r. Sprawa Tadeusza Cypriana przeciwko Jerzemu Giertychowi
Autorzy:
Kwiecień, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Comittee of Inquiry
the Polish government in London
the September campaign
investigation
settlement
Opis:
The paper discusses an unknown episode in the history of Polish political emigration during World War II. In order to bring to accountability the members of the former government there were established, under the auspices of government in exile, the special investigation commissions. They were designed to determine the causes of the defeat suffered by Poland in the war of 1939. The commissions collected documents and information but frequently exceeded the boundaries of their competence resorting rather to political vendetta than amassing the archival material. The paper explores an individual case but both the persons involved in it as well as its context may arouse our interest. Both personae dramatis were the functionaries of one of the investigation commissions. It was in the course of the work of the Commission that T. Cyrian – who, before the war, was a judge of the Poznań Apellate Court – become accused of having collaborated with the German intelligence. While retorting the blames laid on him, the accused filed an action with the court against the slanderer. The description of the trial shows the atmosphere prevalent both in the millieu of Polish emigration as well as in the commissions themselves. Even the members of the commissions were not protected against the blames that might be laid on them or defamations as produced by the most impassioned devotees of the policy that tended to make the members of the previous regime answerable.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2012, 5, 4
2084-4115
2084-4131
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concepts for reconstruction of the maritime economy of the polish underground state in the years 1940–1944
Autorzy:
Chrzanowski, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365621.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Polish Government in exile
maritime economy
maritime infrastructure
reconstruction of post-war economy
Opis:
The regaining of the country’s independence, and then its revival after the war damages, including itseconomic infrastructure – these were the tasks set by the Polish government in exile, first in Paris and thenin London. The maritime economy was to play an important role here. The Polish government was fullyaware of the enormous economic and strategic benefits resulting from the fact that it had a coast, withthe port of Gdynia before the war. It was assumed that both in Gdynia and in the ports that were to belongto Poland after the war: Szczecin, Kołobrzeg, Gdańsk, Elbląg, Królewiec, the economic structure was to betransformed, and they were to become the supply points for Central and Eastern Europe. Work on thereconstruction of the post-war maritime economy was mainly carried out by the Ministry of Industry, Tradeand Shipping. In London, in 1942–1943, a number of government projects were set up to rebuild the entiremaritime infrastructure. All projects undertaken in exile were related to activities carried out by individual underground divisions of the Polish Underground State domestically, i.e. the “Alfa” Naval Department of the Home Army Headquarters, the Maritime Department of the Military Bureau of Industry and Trade of the Head of the Military Bureau of the Home Army Headquarters and the Maritime Department of the Department of Industry Trade and Trade Delegation of the Government of the Republic of Poland in Poland. The above mentioned organizational units also prepared plans for the reconstruction of the maritime economy, and the projects developed in London were sent to the country. They collaborated here and a platform for mutual understanding was found.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica; 2020, 24, 324; 142-151
2081-3333
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Listy Jana Karskiego do Anieli Mieczysławskiej
Jan Karski’s letters to Aniela Mieczysławska
Autorzy:
Kruszewski, Eugeniusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1935848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polski Uniwersytet na Obczyźnie w Londynie
Tematy:
Jan Karski
Aniela Mieczysławska
Polish government courier
extermination of
Jews
the Second World War
Opis:
Jan Karski’s correspondence to Aniela Mieczysławska letters from a period of almost 50 years (December 29, 1944 – September 10, 1993) is a private correspondence between two significant people in the recent history of our country, especially the Polish state in exile. These private letters are not devoid of the political views of the authors and highly respected persons both in the Polish community in the United States and in Great Britain. Jan Karski (1914–2000) is known as a courier of the authorities of the Polish underground state to the Polish government in exile in London and a confidant of the Jewish leaders, who was the first to bring an eyewitness testimony to the extermination of Jews in German camps in Poland to the polish west ally. Aniela Mieczysławska (1910–1998), by birth Lillpop, primo voto Mieczysławska, secundo voto Raczyńska. A¡er break out of the war in 1939, she le¡ with her husband Witold (1907–1991), a diplomat, to Bucharest. In 1941, it reached via France and Portugal the Unites States and was in the service of the Polish government. A¡er the death of the second wife, Edward Bernard Raczyński (1891–1993) in 1962 she moved from USA to London (U.K.) and for almost 30 years she take care of Ambassador Raczyński, she became his third wife in 1991. The letters cover the period of the final phase of World War II and its easily predictable end, especially the consequences it brought for Poland. The correspondence ends with the death of Edward B. Raczyński, President of the Republic of Poland in exile, and Pola Nireńska – Jan Karskis wife.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO; 2020, 8, 1; 251-294
2052-319X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W oczekiwaniu na wyzwolenie. Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie o sytuacji międzynarodowej na przełomie lat czterdziestych i pięćdziesiątych
Autorzy:
Tarka, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Tematy:
Polish Underground State
Polish government-in-exile Government of the Republic of Poland in exile
international situation
40s
50s
Źródło:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2002, 2; 209-231
1427-7476
Pojawia się w:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artyści współcześni nadal niewidoczni. Konsekwencje braku efektywnej polityki publicznej wobec twórców sztuki w latach 2020-2021
Contemporary artists still invisible. Consequences of the lack of an effective public policy towards art creators in the years 2020-2021
Autorzy:
Wijas, Jędrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-04
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
cultural policy
Polish government
art
pandemic
COVID-19
polityka kulturalna
sztuka
pandemia
rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Opis:
Doświadczenie związane z pandemią COVID-19 uwidoczniło m.in. braki w politykach publicznych w Polsce. Według autora artykułu do polityk publicznych można zaliczyć również działania władzy wobec artystów. W tekście zdiagnozowany został status artystów jako grupy docelowej polityki publicznej w systemie demokratycznym. Opisano proces tworzenia regulacji prawnych statusu artysty zawodowego w Polsce. Przedmiotem szczegółowej analizy stały się decyzje rządu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej dotyczące artystów podejmowane w latach 2020-2021. Problemy techniczne, formalne i medialne władz z dystrybucją środków pomocowych dla artystów w Polsce są wiązane z brakiem prawnej definicji artysty w polskim systemie ubezpieczeń społecznych, a szerzej - w politykach publicznych. Wobec nieukończenia prac legislacyjnych dotyczących statusu artysty przed wystąpieniem 5. fali pandemii COVID-19 przewidywane jest ponowne wystąpienie problemów w zarządzaniu pomocą publiczną dla artystów w Polsce.
The premise of the article is that the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, among others, will highlight the shortcomings in public policies in Poland. It is also assumed that public policies include actions of the authorities towards artists. The status of artists as a target group of public policy in a democratic system is diagnosed as well as the process of creating regulations for the status of a professional artist in Poland is described. The subject of a detailed analysis are the decisions of the Polish government regarding artists in the years 2020-2021. Technical, formal, and media problems of the authorities with the distribution of aid funds for artists in Poland are related to the lack of a law definition of an artist in the Polish social security system, and more broadly, in public policies. Due to the fact that the legislative work on the artist's status has not been completed before the 5th wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, problems in managing public aid for artists in Poland are expected to reoccur.
Źródło:
Studia z Polityki Publicznej; 2022, 9, 4(36); 47-69
2391-6389
2719-7131
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Polityki Publicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityczne aspekty tworzenia administracji polskiej na Ziemiach Zachodnich i Północnych w 1945 roku
Political aspects of creating Polish administration in the Ziemie Zachodnie and Północne in 1945
Autorzy:
Szczurowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1941376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Ziemie Zachodnie i Północne
administracja
druga wojna światowa
rząd polski
administration
World War II
Polish government
Opis:
Kwestia przyłączenia Ziem Zachodnich i Północnych do Polski, była w okresie II wojny światowej ważnym elementem polityki rządu polskiego w Londynie i komunistów polskich w otoczeniu Stalina w ZSRR. Przygotowania do przejęcia przez polską administrację, inspirowaną przez Stalina, ZZ i Płn. obejmowały, oprócz stworzenia podstaw prawnych i uregulowania stosunków z wojskową administracją wojenną, także opracowanie ogólnej koncepcji działania oraz zgromadzenie niezbędnych środków do realizacji tego zamierzenia. Trudności z tworzeniem administracji na Ziemiach Zachodnich wynikały nie tylko z ogólnego chaosu powojennego, z braku jednolitych i jasno sformułowanych podstaw prawnych, ale również z niedostatku precyzyjnie określonych zadań i kompetencji.
T he issue of joining the Ziemie Zachodnie and Północne to Poland was an important element of the policy of the Polish government in London and the Polish communists in the vicinity of Stalin in the USSR during World War II. Preparations for the takeover by the Polish administration, inspired by Stalin, the Ziemie Zachodnie and Północne included, in addition to creating the legal basis and regulating relations with the military administration of war, also the development of a general concept of operation and the collection of the necessary funds to achieve this goal. Difficulties with establishing administration in the Western territories resulted not only from the general post-war chaos, the lack of uniform and clearly formulated legal foundations, but also from the lack of precisely defined tasks and competences.
Źródło:
Cywilizacja i Polityka; 2021, 19, 19; 82-105
1732-5641
Pojawia się w:
Cywilizacja i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej a obywatele Wolnego Miasta Gdańska w Zjednoczonym Królestwie
The Polish Government-in-Exile and the citizens of the Free City of Danzig in the United Kingdom
Autorzy:
Hułas, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
World War II
Polish Government-in-Exile
Free City of Danzig
citizenship
enemy aliens
consular protection
Opis:
The article presents the Polish Government’s attitude towards the citizens of the Free City of Danzig residing in the United Kingdom. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles (art. 104, para. 6) and the Treaty between Poland and the Free City of Danzig of November 9, 1920 (art. 2–5), Polish authorities were charged with the conduct of the foreign relations of the Free City of Danzig as well as with the protection of its citizens abroad. The problem of consular assistance became particularly important when in 1940 the Danzigers in the United Kingdom were interned as the enemy aliens. They sought Polish protection, and the Polish authorities for their part hoped to strengthen their own position vis-`a-vis the Danzig problem. There were three organized groups of Danzig citizens in the UK. The first one, “Danzig Committee in the United Kingdom”, was constituted in July 1940 by Julius Jewelowski and was, at least initially, ready to accept the incorporation of Danzig to Poland after the war. In 1943 the initiative passed to „The Danzig Movement” under the chairmanship of Carl Lietz and “The Danzig Association” under the chairmanship of Erich Brost. Both of them promoted the idea of independent Danzig. All three of them attempted to establish direct contact with the British authorities and to gain their recognition as the representatives of the citizens of the Free City of Danzig in the United Kingdom. Neither the Polish nor the British Government agreed to such a solution. The Poles continued to protect interests of the Danzigers until July 1945 when the Polish Government itself was derecognised by the Allies. The problem of the international status of Danzig was still officially unresolved at the time.
Źródło:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne; 2018, 16; 185-209
1425-1930
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityczne przesłanki funkcjonowania służb wywiadowczych Władz Rzeczpospolitej na uchodźstwie po 1945 r.
Political Premises for the Operation of the Inteligence Service of the Polish Government-in-Exile after 1945
Autorzy:
Zapart, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1956542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-29
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
polityka
służby wywiadowcze
Władze RP na Uchodźstwie
legalizm
politics
intelligence service
Polish Government-in-Exile
legalism
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę funkcjonowania służb wywiadowczych podległych Władzom RP na Uchodźstwie w okresie postępującej utraty przez nie prawno-międzynarodowej podmiotowości oraz kryzysu w relacjach Wschód–Zachód z przełomu lat czterdziestych i pięćdziesiątych. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na polityczne warunki prowadzenia działań niejawnych na terenie kraju, które były pokłosiem przyjętej przez elity polskiego Londynu interpretacji w zakresie kontynuowania przez nie misji przywódczej na emigracji. Ta stosunkowo krótka, bowiem około dziesięcioletnia, aktywność połączyła wszystkie środowiska wychodźcze, a uzyskiwane dzięki niej informacje stanowiły podstawę wielu interwencji na forum międzynarodowym z perspektywy działań na rzecz odzyskania przez Polskę niepodległości.
The article presents the problem of the operation of the intelligence service of the Polish Government-in-Exile in the period of the progressive loss of its legal personality on the international scene and the crisis in East-West relations at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s. Particular attention was given to the political conditions for conducting classified activities in the country, which were the result of the interpretation adopted by the Polish elite based in London concerning the continuation of their mission of leadership in exile. This relatively short activity, lasting about ten years, united all emigration environments and the information obtained owing to its operation was the basis for many interventions on the international forum as part of the efforts to regain Poland’s independence.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 2017, 38; 61-73
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normatywna aktywność władz RP na uchodźstwie na rzecz ochrony dziedzictwa narodowego
Normative Protection of National Heritage by the Polish Government-in-exile
Autorzy:
Zapart, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1956571.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-29
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
władze RP na uchodźstwie
prawo
polityka
narodowe dziedzictwo
kultura polska
Polish government-in-exile
law
politics
national heritage
Polish culture
Opis:
W artykule podjęto problematykę normatywnej ochrony narodowego dziedzictwa przez władze RP na uchodźstwie w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Bazując na nieuznawanych przez rządy komunistyczne w Warszawie oraz zdecydowaną większość podmiotów międzynarodowych, a publikowanych początkowo we Francji, a później w Londynie do 1990 r. sygnowanych przez nie aktach prawnych, podjęto wysiłek przybliżenia tych działań, szczególnie w kontekście wybranych projektów oraz poziomu ich finansowania. Nie pominięto w narracji wdrożonego dekretem prezydenta Zaleskiego systemu dobrowolnych wpłat obywateli uznających jego zwierzchnictwo między innymi na rzecz polskiej kultury, jak również zmian w godle państwa będących następstwem potwierdzenia jego wielowiekowych związków z chrześcijaństwem. Pomimo stosunkowo niewielkich możliwości realnego wpływu na bieg światowych wydarzeń, włożony przez nie wysiłek organizacyjny i finansowy należy oceniać pozytywnie, mając na względzie fakt, że praktycznie wszystkie narzędzia w tym obszarze podmiotowej aktywności spoczywały po wojnie w rękach przywódców rządów komunistycznych w kraju.
The article discusses the issue of normative protection of national heritage by the Polish government-in-exile in the second half of the 20th century. Based on the legal acts signed by this government, unrecognised by the communist governments in Warsaw and the vast majority of international organisations, initially published in France and later, until 1990, in London, it was attempted to bring focus to these activities, particularly in the context of selected projects and the level of their financing. The narrative does not omit the system, introduced by the decree of President Zaleski, for voluntary contributions from citizens who recognised his authority in this matter, for example, for the Polish culture, as well as changes in the national emblem aimed at the confirmation of its centuries-old relationship with Christianity. Despite a relatively small possibility of having real impact on the course of global events, the organisational and financial effort made by the government-in-exile should be assessed positively, bearing in mind that, after the war, virtually all tools in the area of such activity rested in the hands of communist government leaders in the country.
Źródło:
Studia Polonijne; 2016, 37; 57-70
0137-5210
Pojawia się w:
Studia Polonijne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jan Hulewicz (1907–1980) – profesor, społecznik, ludowiec
Jan Hulewicz (1907–1980) – professor, a community worker, and a peasantactivist
Autorzy:
Szymborski, Wiktor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15795418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Związek Nauczycielstwa Polskiego
Tematy:
Jan Hulewicz
the Jagiellonian University
education
history of education
polish government in exile
the Second World War
Opis:
Aim: The aim of the article was to show biography of Professor Jan Hulewicz, who was not only a distinguished scholar but an important member of the government in exile during the Second World War. Methods: An analysis of archival materials – manuscripts and unpublished materials kept in the Jagiellonian University Archive, the Institute of National Remembrance, resources of the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Cracow), and articles and publications. Results: On the basis of all archival materials, the biography of Jan Hulewicz was shown. Just before the outbreak of the Second World War, Jan Hulewicz obtained “habilitacja” at the Jagiellonian University, he was supposed to start lectures in October 1939. After his return to Poland, he continued to work at the Jagiellonian University. Jan Hulewicz was involved in various activities of the Polish government in exile during the Second World War, for instance noteworthy is managing the Fund for National Culture (Pol. Fundusz Kultury Narodowej) described in the article. After the Second World War Jan Hulewicz was several times interrogated by members of the Ministry of Public Security as during the war he worked with Professor Stanisław Kot who was treated as an enemy for the new government in Poland created by the communist party. Conclusions: Profesor Jan Hulewicz who was not only a distinguished scholar but also an important member of the government in exile during the Second World War.
Źródło:
Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy; 2023, LXVI, 1-2; 122-167
0033-2178
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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