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Tytuł:
Обґрунтування церковної незалежності у теологічному вченні періоду пізньої Візантії
Justification of Church Independence in the Theological Doctrine of the Late Byzantine Period
Оправдение самостоятельности церкви в теологическом учении позденвизантийского периода
Autorzy:
Кобетяк, Андрій
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176066.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
ecclesiology
Ecumenical Council
autocephaly
eparchy
patriarch
pentarchy
dogma
church
Byzantium
theologian
экклезиология
Вселенский собор
автокефалия
епархия
патриарх
пентархия
догмат
церковь
Византия
богослов
Opis:
The article considers the main mechanisms and principles of functioning of the church-administrative system of governance of the Ecumenical Church. It is established that church life is a lively and dynamic process. The church is steadily moving forward and is forced to respond to societal demands and problems. It is proved that the formation of two approaches (Greek and Slavic) to the understanding of the structure of the system of Universal Orthodoxy was the cause of the crisis in the church. It is noted that “church misunderstandings” became apparent after the Great Council of Crete and the granting of the Tomos to the Ukrainian Church. The study highlights the transformational processes of the institution of autocephaly in late Byzantium period, as well as its importance for the modern church. It is proved that the ecclesiological conditionality of the autocephalous principle stems from the very nature of the church. The article argues that in the Orthodox tradition there is no generally accepted interpretation of the interdependence of gaining state independence and the autocephalous status of churches. From the point of view of Orthodox ecclesiology, it is obvious that, by its very structure, every church must necessarily be autocephalous. However, in practice, a number of national churches are waiting for PanOrthodox recognition for a long time. During the period of late Byzantium, autocephaly was transformed from a natural state to an ecclesiasticalpolitical phenomenon. And in the modern period – to an exclusively political one. It is established that the key task of modern world theology is to study the problem of autocephaly. Since the beginning of Christianity, autocephaly has become the basic principle of the apostolic foundation of the community-church, taking into account the national and ethnic characteristics of the population of the then Roman Empire. It is emphasized that autocephaly is one of the oldest institutions of the Church, which is the main feature of Orthodoxy. It is proved that the state is always an interested party in the process of church independence. Since each independent country seeks to have its own church, it acts as a protector of the powers and rights of the church located within its territorial authority. This significantly affects the current geopolitical relations between the Local Churches. It has been established that autocephaly was an adaptation of the church to the political geography of the state. The article establishes that the Ecumenical Church, while being united in its essence, is divided into independent Local Churches on an administrative and national basis. The article establishes that the institutional disputes of modern Local Churches in most cases are related to the “canonical territory” and the limits of their influence. This is directly related to the acquisition of autocephalous status. It is concluded that such global problems of All-Church significance can be solved exclusively by a conciliar way and reasonable means. This requires the participation of all Orthodox hierarchs, including unrecognized churches, to take into account their position.
В статье рассматриваются основные механизмы и принципы функционирования церковно-административной системы управления экуменического движения. Установлено, что церковная жизнь представляет собой живой и динамичный процесс. Церковь неуклонно движется вперед и вынуждена реагировать на запросы и проблемы общества. Доказано, что формирование двух подходов (греческого и славянского) к пониманию устройства системы Вселенского православия явилось причиной кризиса в церкви. Отмечается, что «церковные недоразумения» стали очевидны после Великого Критского Собора и предоставления Томоса Украинской Церкви. В исследовании освещаются трансформационные процессы автокефалии в поздневизантийский период, а также её значение для современной церкви. Доказано, что экклезиологическая обусловленность автокефального принципа вытекает из самой естественности церкви. В статье утверждается, что в православной традиции отсутствует общепринятая интерпретация взаимообусловленности обретения государственной независимости и автокефального статуса церквей. С точки зрения православной экклезиологии очевидно, что по самой своей структуре каждая церковь обязательно должна быть автокефальной. Однако на практике ряд национальных церквей давно ждут всеправославного признания. В период поздней Византии автокефалия из естественного состояния превратилась в церковно-политическое явление. А в современный период – к исключительно политическому. Установлено, что ключевой задачей современного мирового богословия является изучение проблемы автокефалии. С момента возникновения христианства автокефалия стала основным принципом апостольского основания общины-церкви с учетом национальных и этнических особенностей населения тогдашней Римской империи. Подчеркивается, что автокефалия является одним из древнейших институтов Церкви, что является главной чертой Православия. Доказано, что государство всегда является заинтересованной стороной в процессе церковной самостоятельности. Поскольку каждая независимая страна стремится иметь свою церковь, она выступает защитником полномочий и прав церкви, находящейся в пределах ее территориальной власти. Это существенно влияет на текущие геополитические отношения между Поместными Церквами. Установлено, что автокефалия была адаптацией церкви к политической географии государства. В статье установлено, что Вселенская Церковь, будучи единой по своей сути, делится на самостоятельные Поместные Церкви по административному и национальному признаку. В статье установлено, что институциональные споры современных Поместных Церквей в большинстве случаев связаны с «канонической территорией» и пределами их влияния. Это напрямую связано с приобретением автокефального статуса. Делается вывод о том, что такие глобальные проблемы общецерковного значения могут решаться исключительно соборным путем и разумными средствами. Для этого необходимо участие всех православных иерархов, в том числе непризнанных церквей, с учетом их позиции.
Źródło:
Studia Orientalne; 2022, 3(23); 132-149
2299-1999
Pojawia się w:
Studia Orientalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
La nozione di Patriarca nel Diritto Canonico Orientale e la teoria della Pentarchia
The Notion of Patriarch in Eastern Canon Law and the Theory of Pentarchy
Autorzy:
Gergis, Aghabious
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1413038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
Patriarch
Patriarchal Institution
Pentarchy
Synodality
Ecumenism
Patriarch of the West
Opis:
The figure of the Patriarch has always had a great importance in the life of the Church over the centuries. Furthermore, the patriarchal institution has its roots in the experience lived by the Church since the time of the Apostles, indeed, even before the Ecumenical Councils which recognized it and sanctioned it. The Patriarch, according to the discipline of Eastern Canon Law, is a bishop who presides over a “sui iuris” church of patriarchal rank, who has authority over the bishops, metropolitans and all Christian faithful of the Church he governs, according to the approved law by the Supreme Authority of the Church. He presides over his Church as “pater et caput” and this expression indicates the collegial nature of the patriarchal government in some Eastern Churches, where all the ecclesiastical and civil powers in a country with a Christian minority are concentrated in the person of the Patriarch. The root of the Pentarchy dates back to the first millennium. It refers to the collegiality of the five Patri-archs, precisely, the bishops of Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem in the government of the universal Church. In 2006 Pope Benedict XVI renounced the title of “Patriarch of the West” and this was the cause of a controversial debate on the theory of the “Pentarchy” between Catholics and Orthodox. A strong debate, very similar to that, was the debate concerning the patriarchal institution in relation to the Primacy of the Roman Apostolic See. Unfortunately, this debate has sometimes caused deep wounds such as the schisms between East and West. Today, however, this institution, rediscovered with new light of Vatican II, could contribute to the ecumenical journey towards the perfect union of all Christians.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2021, 23, 2; 261-273
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biblijne uzasadnienie prymatu biskupa orientu na podstawie listów Tymoteusza I, patriarchy Bagdadu
Biblical justification of primacy of the bisphop of orient on the basis of the letters of Timothy I, patriarch of Baghdad
Autorzy:
Żelazny, Jan W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/612811.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Tymoteusz I
pentarchia
egzegeza orientalna
obraz
typologia
prymat
Timothy I
pentarchy
oriental egsegesis
image
typology
primacy
Opis:
In the interpretation of the Bible among Christians of the Orient, i.e. in the ancient Oriental exegesis, the historical sense is relevant, as history reveals Jesus to us. He is present, as the School of Alexandria describes, in the entire Bible, on its every page, but He is not veiled by allegory – He is present through time, having its special place in the revelation of the Word. Using types and images to explain certain points in the Bible is related to the concept of theological language in which types and images inscribed in the Holy Bible play an important role in our way of talking about God. They are elements that, by definition, should form the theological discourse. Certain elements of this exegesis are similar to concepts both of the School of Antioch and that of Alexandria, although, from the point of view of its basic assumptions and axioms, it is completely different. In many aspects, it is close to Judaism against which it fights so intensely, as many of its concepts are inspired by the heritage of the Jewish Diaspora of the Middle East.
Źródło:
Vox Patrum; 2017, 67; 779-788
0860-9411
2719-3586
Pojawia się w:
Vox Patrum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Winiety metropolii pentarchii na mapach średniowiecznych i wczesnonowożytnych
Vignettes of the pentarchy on the medieval and early modern world maps
Autorzy:
Kochanek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/613656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Pentarchia
winiety
mapy średniowieczne i wczesnonowożytne
Pentarchy
vignettes
medieval maps
early modern maps
Opis:
The idea of the pentarchy directly expressed by Justinian I (527-565) – Novella 131 – is also perceptible in cartography. This paper examines the 41 medieval and early modern world maps in the context of the vignettes of the pentarchy. From the above analysis shows that almost every map from this period had a vignette of Jerusalem and 37 maps have a vignette of Rome. But only 28 maps have a vignette of Alexandria, 24 maps have a vignette of Constantinople, and 20 maps have a vignette of Antiochia. In the case of Jerusalem, a huge majority of vignettes is a sacred buildings (most often it is the Tomb of Christ). Only in three cases is a Holy Cross. In contrast, Rome’s vignettes represent both religious buildings and fortifications. As for the drawings on the vignettes of Antiochia, Alexandria, and Constantinople, the vast majority of them are character of fortifications. These vignettes are, on the one hand, a close relationship with the history of these cities, on the other hand, they are associated with the medieval and early modern politic ideology and theology. This paper is trying to capture and analyze these complicated, religious, political, and theological relationships, and explaining the meaning of these vignettes.
Źródło:
Vox Patrum; 2014, 62; 213-296
0860-9411
2719-3586
Pojawia się w:
Vox Patrum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idea pentarchii jako rękojmia jedności Kościoła w dobie ikonoklazmu. Stanowisko Teodora Studyty
The idea of pentarchy as the guarantee of Church unity during iconoclastic period. The position of st. Theodore of Studium
Autorzy:
Kashchuk, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/613377.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
pentarchia
Teodora Studyty
okres ikonoklazmu
pentarchy
Theodore of Studium
iconoclastic period
Opis:
From the first half of the eighth century until the mid-ninth century the Church of Constantinople struggled with heretical iconoclast movement. During the period of iconoclasm, St. Theodore of Studium (759-826) stood at the side of the defenders of the cult of images. He was a great thinker and abbot of the Studium monastery near Constantinople. One of the main themes he discussed was an independant status of Church from secular power, which frequently intervened in issues relating to faith and morals. St. Theodore of Studium wanted to prove that the Church dogmas and rules derive not from emperors, but bishops. In this context, his idea resembles the concept of pentarchy. According to St. Theodore, the guarantee of orthodoxy, which is the basis for the unity of the universal Church, is rooted in ecclesial body of pentarchy. Decisions about divine and celestial dogmas are entrusted to five patriarchs, who should be characterized by unanimity to reach a joint decision at the universal council. All of them together have the highest position in the Church and their consent is necessary for recognition of the ecumenical council. Among the five patriarchs the privileged position has the patriarch of Rome, without whom no ecumenical council can be called. The Roman Church is the reference point and stands at the center of the unity of Church. St. Theodore of Studium considered the primacy of the bishop of Rome not in isolation from other patriarchates but in orbit of the entire Church.
Źródło:
Vox Patrum; 2012, 58; 201-220
0860-9411
2719-3586
Pojawia się w:
Vox Patrum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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