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Tytuł:
Relationships between unemployment and economic growth – the review (results) of the theoretical and empirical research
Autorzy:
Nagel, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Economic growth
Okun law
Unemployment
Opis:
The article aims to discuss the relationship between economic growth and unemployment as well as related determinant factors based on literature review. The traditional approach presents this relationship through the prism of the effects of creation, capitalization, pool of savings and creative destruction. Nowadays, an increasing number of researchers attach more importance to the impact of institutional factors, such as minimum and efficiency wages or the flexibility of the labor market. Both theoretical and empirical research reveal both the evolution of the relevant views and the lack of consistency between the concepts explaining the relationship between economic growth and unemployment in different regions of the world and in different groups of countries.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2015, 20; 64-79
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Hypothesis of Jobless Economic Growth in the Global Triad Countries
Autorzy:
Misztal, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
economic growth
employment
Okun 's law
Opis:
The aim of the study is to analyze the hypothesis of jobless economic growth in economic theory and in the Global Triad countries (U.S. , EU-15, Japan, China , India). In the article the research method based on the literature study in the field of macroeconomics and international finance were used, as well as econometric methods (Ordinary Least Squares). All the statistics used in the study had an annual frequency and covered the period from 1990 to 2012. These data came from the statistical database of the Business Membership and Research Associa-tion – The Conference Board Total Economy Database. On the basis of the study the phenomenon of jobless economic growth in China and India was revealed. However, in the case of the USA, the EU-15 and Japan the positive impact of eco-nomic growth on changes in employment was confirmed.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 3; 109-129
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Unemployment on Socio-Economic Development of Poland and Ukraine: Governance Aspects
Autorzy:
Biloshkurska, Nataliia
Biloshkurskyi, Mykola
Popadynets, Nazariy
Plets, Ivan
Karpyak, Mariya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21375331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska
Tematy:
development
Okun effect
Okun’s law
real GDP
unemployment
Opis:
The significance of this study lies in proving the validity of the Okun effect by indicators of socio-economic development in Poland, Ukraine, the EU, and the world, which are: economic growth leads to a decrease in unemployment, while economic recession leads to an increase in unemployment; an increase in unemployment is accompanied by an economic recession, while a decrease in unemployment is accompanied by economic growth. The article is exploratory and based on comparative analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA, the graphical method, logical generalization, synthesis, induction, and deduction. It substantiates the expediency of comparative evaluation of the impact of unemployment on the socio-economic development of neighbouring countries: the Republic of Poland (a member of the European Union) and Ukraine (a candidate for the European Union) supplemented with a comparison of the average European and average world data. It shows that the sensitivity of real GDP to changes in the unemployment rate, as well as the sensitivity of the unemployment rate to changes in real GDP in Poland, is the lowest. In contrast, Ukraine has the highest relative to the EU and global averages. It was established that state anti-crisis management in the social sphere should be focused both on financial support for employers and employees and on the creation of new vacancies in the implementation of infrastructure
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Zarządzanie; 2023, 1, 50; 31-45
2083-1560
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej. Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Econometric estimation of the relationship between the unemployment rate and economic growth in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Autorzy:
Thaba, Tshephi Kingsley
Belete, Abenet
Hlongwane, Johannes Jan
Ledwaba, Lesetja Jacob
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1887849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
economic growth
unemployment rate
Okun’s coefficient
Okun’s law
Opis:
The study aims to estimate empirically the relationship between economic growth and unemployment rate in Limpopo Province of South Africa. The analysis used quarterly data covering the period 2008-2018 which was obtained from Statistics South Africa. The study employed, difference model, dynamic model, and granger causality test for data analysis, in order to consider both, short term and long term possible relationship Based on the difference model estimation of the coefficient was done and the coefficient was found to be -0.22. From Granger causality test, causal relationship between these two variables doesn’t exist meaning that change in the growth rate of real GDP doesn’t cause change in the rate of unemployment and vice-versa. Inapplicable of the law indicates that a cyclical recovery will not be accompanied by reduction of unemployment. Furthermore, this might reflect the sizable structural and/or frictional component of unemployment in Limpopo Province. Lastly, the country's economic policies have not been suitable for fostering development that can reduce unemployment and this could be due to lack of appropriate composition of public sector and private sector.
Źródło:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development; 2020, 58, 4; 343-349
1899-5241
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporary contracts and Okuns law in Poland
Autorzy:
Bartosik, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Okun’s law
temporary contracts
labor market
economic growth
Opis:
Research background: The share of temporary workers in Poland is one of the largest of any EU country, which may affect the output unemployment relationship. The Polish case seems to be a natural experiment. Contrary to many advanced European countries, the spread of temporary contracts in Poland was not caused by labor market reform but instead resulted mainly from spontaneous processes. Purpose of the article: This paper investigates the effect of the widespread use of temporary contracts on the relationship between output and unemployment in Poland. Methods: The analysis is based on the 'dynamic' version of Okun's law and uses OLS regression, OLS split-sample regression and OLS rolling regression. The sample period is 1996-2018. Findings & Value added: The study found that unemployment's sensitivity to output increased over time and was related to the greater use of temporary contracts, particularly among young people and women. Initially, at the turn of the 21st century, the expansion of temporary jobs changed the employment composition and had an insignificant effect on unemployment since firms mainly replaced permanent contracts with temporary contracts. Then, starting around 2006, temporary contracts began affecting unemployment levels and unemployment's responsiveness to output. During this period, firms used temporary contracts as the main workforce adjustment device during the business cycle. 
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 4; 735-760
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Okun’s Law in OECD Countries in 1990 – 2013
Autorzy:
Błaszczuk, Dariusz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
economic policy targets
long-term equilibrium
Okun's law
OECD countries
GDP growth rate
unemployment rate
Opis:
Politicians try to reach targets that usually contradict. It leads to lack of optimal long-term equilibrium. The main target should be the maximal growth rate of GDP and other targets should remain within predetermined limits. Politicians should influence relations between every two targets. Empirical study of relations between unemployment and GDP growth rates is done for every OECD country basing on quarterly data for 20 years. According to the results of the investigation countries are put into “strategic groups”. Paper ends with preliminary proposals for economic policy makers.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2014, 15, 2; 47-63
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SHORT TERM AGGREGATED SUPPLY CURVES FOR OECD COUNTRIES IN 1991 – 2013
Autorzy:
Błaszczuk, Dariusz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
Okun's law
short-term Philips curve
neutral inflation
short-term aggregate demand curve
B curve
OECD countries
Opis:
Politicians used to determine such macroeconomic targets as GDP growth rate, inflation rate, unemployment rate. They are interested in relationships between: unemployment rate and GDP growth rate (the Okun’s law), unemployment rate and inflation rate (the Philips curve) as well as between inflation rate and GDP growth rate (aggregate supply curve - SAS), put forth directly, eg. a straight line or a parabola, or indirectly, i.e. as a function Okun’s with inserted Philips function. SAS derived from the Okun’s and Philips curves estimated for OECD countries in the period 1991 to 2013 are analysed vis a vis curves reflecting direct relationships.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2015, 16, 1; 37-52
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asymmetry Relationship between Economic Growth and Unemployment Rates in the Arab countries: Application of the OKUN Law during 1960-2017
Autorzy:
Louail, Bilal
Ben Haj Hamida, Hayed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064462.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania
Tematy:
Okun Law
gross domestic product
unemployment rate
Arab countries
prawo Okuna
produkt krajowy brutto
stopa bezrobocia
kraje arabskie
Opis:
A well-known macroeconomic relationship is called the OKUN Law, which states that the negative correlation between unemployment rates and raw domestic output can be determined. This study will focus on the theoretical framework for developing models of the elationship between economic growth and unemployment rates. This study contributes to the existing literature by estimate Okun’s law for Arab economies during the period 1960–2017. The results of this study indicate that Okun’s coefficient is valid for the case of Arab countries in the different version, when unemployment rates reach the threshold and are between 6.35 and 7.933, in which the impact of the GDP on unemployment rates is negative and significant, with a significant level of 1 per cent. As for outside the threshold, i.e. less than 6.35 and more significant than 7.933, this effect is negative, but it is not significant. Moreover, the decision-makers in Arab countries seek to raise economic growth rates to address unemployment. This investigation provides original empirical evidence on the association between unemployment and economic growth within Arab countries. The current international literature lacks empirical evidence on the relationship between variables of this study for Arab countries as a whole.
Źródło:
Management; 2021, 25, 2; 1--22
1429-9321
2299-193X
Pojawia się w:
Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of the vector-autoregression VAR model in the analysis of unemployment hysteresis in the context of Okun’s Law
Autorzy:
Kołbyko, Patryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2207120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-02-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
vector-autoregression model VAR
time series analysis
hysteresis in the labour market
Okun’s Law
macroeconometrics
Opis:
Unemployment is an important macroeconomic issue both in theoretical terms and for economic reality. On the theoretical ground, the unemployment rate, which is a measure of the share of unemployed units of the labour supply in the economy, determines the output gap at a certain adjustment parameter determined by the marginal productivity of labour. One of the causes of rising or persistent unemployment in the economy is the phenomenon of unemployment hysteresis, which occurs as a result of changes in the marginal disutility of labour, the strength of the wage bargain and other exogenous conditions arising in previous periods. The purpose of the study conducted in the following paper is to investigate the phenomenon of hysteresis in the labour market by analysing the significance of the impact of the unemployment rate in previous periods. In addition, the work aims to study Okun’s Law as an effect of production dynamics on the unemployment rate. The study of the dependence was carried out through the estimation of a macroeconometric time series model—vector-autoregression (VAR) on the example of statistical data for Poland obtained from Statistics Poland (Stat.gov.pl) and complied raports about national accounts in the quarterly sequence for the years 2015–2021. The period of the study was arbitrarily selected with the observation of business cycle fluctuations in the above time frame. Empirical analysis of selected structural parameters through estimation of the vector-autore- gression model showed a significant influence of the time series in the formation of the unemployment rate, which confirms the influence of the analysed phenomenon of hysteresis in the labour market. In addition, the vector-autoregression model for inter- val forecasting through the use of dynamic prediction proved to be a posteriori accurate forecasting model of the unemployment rate in the Polish economy.
Źródło:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance; 2022, 6, 2; 68-85
2543-6430
Pojawia się w:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ZRÓŻNICOWANIE WSPÓŁCZYNNIKA OKUNA ZE WZGLĘDU NA WIEK I PŁEĆ BEZROBOTNYCH - ANALIZA PANELOWA DLA KRAJÓW UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ
DIFFERENTIATION OF OKUNS LAW COEFFICIENT ACCORDING TO THE AGE AND SEX OF THE UNEMPLOYED - PANEL ANALYSIS OF THE COUNTRIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Autorzy:
Misiak, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
różnicowa wersja prawa Okuna
struktura bezrobotnych
efekt histerezy stóp bezrobocia
model SUR
Okun's law “difference version”
the structure of unemployment
a hysteresis effect of unemployment rates
SUR model
Opis:
W opracowaniu dokonano oszacowań współczynników prawa Okuna w wersji różnicowej dla danych panelowych obejmujących kraje Unii Europejskiej w latach 1998-2014, uwzględniając strukturę bezrobotnych ze względu na wiek oraz płeć. Autor przedstawia teoretyczny model zależności rozszerzając różnicową wersję prawa Okuna o efekt histerezy stóp bezrobocia, który poddał empirycznej weryfikacji bazując na danych panelowych dla krajów UE, które zostały podzielone na dwie grupy UE15 oraz UE13. Taki podział na grupy wynika z chęci zaobserwowania wpływu stopy wzrostu gospodarczego na przyrost stopy bezrobocia różnych grup bezrobotnych (ze względu na wiek oraz płeć) w krajach „starej” oraz „nowej” UE. Analizy empiryczne prowadzone były w oparciu o dwa warianty estymowanych zależności: równanie różnicowej wersji prawa Okuna oraz zaproponowane równanie prawa Okuna w wersji różnicowej z uwzględnieniem efektu histerezy stóp bezrobocia w poszczególnych grupach. W estymacjach wykorzystano model SUR (Seemingly unrelated regression), który dopuszcza skorelowanie składników losowych pochodzących z różnych przekrojów (contemporaneous correlation), co w przypadku rynku pracy w UE wydaje się być uzasadnione. Uwzględniając zaś efekt histerezy stóp bezrobocia skorzystano z zerojedynkowych zmiennych przełącznikowych . Wprowadzenie zmiennych przełącznikowych wynika stąd, iż pełnią one rolę zmiennej korygującej oddziaływanie stopy bezrobocia z poprzedniego okresu na przyrost bieżącej stopy bezrobocia i zależą od tego czy stopa ta rosła czy malała.
In this study, the estimations of coefficients of Okun's law in “difference version” were made for the panel data covering the countries from the European Union and including the structure of the unemployment according to the age and the sex. The author presents a theoretical model based on Okun's law but additionally broadens the “difference version” of Okun's law by the hysteresis effect of unemployment rates, which was a subject for empirical verification based on panel data for EU countries for the years 1998-2014, which were divided into two groups EU15 and the EU13. This division into groups resulted from a desire to observe the impact of the economic growth rate on an increase in unemployment of different social groups (according to the age and sex) in the „old” and „new” EU. The empirical analyses were conducted upon the basis of two variants of estimated dependences: the equation of “difference version” of Okun's law and the proposed equation of Okun's law in “different version” taking into account the effect of hysteresis in unemployment rates between analyzed groups. In the estimations the SUR (seemingly unrelated regression) method was used what allows for calculating contemporaneous correlation of components from different sections, which in the case of the EU labor market seems to be justified. When taking into account the effect of hysteresis in unemployment rates the dummy variables were used. Such approach is an effect of assumption that the dummy variables act as variables correcting the impact of the unemployment rate from the previous period on the increase in the current rate of unemployment and they depend on whether the rate has increased or decreased.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2015, 16, 4; 34-43
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 12

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