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    Tytuł:
    Nieposłuszeństwo obywatelskie a demokracja
    CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND DEMOCRACY
    Autorzy:
    Kaczmarczyk, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/427325.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE
    DEMOCRACY
    NON-CONFORMISM
    Opis:
    The paper addresses key problems of modern democracy and its instability in the context of social change. The author claims that civil disobedience along with culture of non-conformism play a crucial role among the institutions of which democratic order consists. Civil disobedience is a factor of democratic stability even though its occurrence may seem to be incidental. The main reason for this claim is the fact that civil disobedience defines democratic values transcending the rule of law i. e. values that constantly define the socially desired form of the civil community and its understanding of justice.
    Źródło:
    Studia Socjologiczne; 2013, 1(208); 21-40
    0039-3371
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Socjologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Konformizm i nonkonformizm w społeczeństwie rzeczywiście wielokulturowym – zagadnienia teoretyczne i empiryczne
    Conformism and Non-conformism in a Truly Multicultural Society – Theoretical and Empirical Issues
    Autorzy:
    Gutkowska, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698634.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    konformizm
    nonkonformizm
    społeczeństwo wielokulturowe
    kryminologia
    conformism
    non-conformism
    multicultural society
    criminology
    Opis:
    The relationship between cultural identity and the models of social behaviour, including criminal behaviour, appears to be obvious enough. On the other hand, however, the cultural determinants of criminal offences committed by foreign nationals in Poland has not been the subject of criminological research, whereas any insights into the cultural principles guiding their conduct when staying in Poland, were gained mainly within the framework of cultural studies. The present paper sets out to address this gap, even if only partially. It would appear that an important indicator of a proper functioning of a multicultural society, which offers a common space for the co-existence of a number of different communities, is the way those communities view the applicable law in place, criminal law in particular. The knowledge of which specific components of the identity of respective groups of immigrants (be that ethnic or religious) happen to be discordant, or even openly contradict the system of social values, as reflected in the legal system in place in Poland, may also be construed as the answer to the question which specific types of behaviours and cultural factors that actually determine them, will have to be faced fairly soon by the statutory bodies dealing with the legal cases in which the suspects, or indicted persons (as well as the victims and eyewitnesses) are foreign nationals representing respective minorities. In practical terms, the most essential seems to be the question how respective individuals shape their behavioural response when faced with the need to live in an everyday reality of conflicting axiological systems? Which standards, in a situation where they cannot be simply reconciled, i.e. the communities from which they originate or the social majority they live in, would they deem valid in axiological terms, and therefore binding for themselves? One of the possible directions of research in this area consists in seeking to identify the factors or circumstances that determine an individual’s choice when faced with just such a conflict of standards. It is therefore essential to determine those factors that make a foreign national comply with the law in place (despite various consequences arising from breaching the standards upheld within a group), as well as those whose coming into play would make a foreigner break the law in order to remain true to the standards within his group (despite the legal sanctions he stands to face for making such a choice). Such considerations are actually meant to seek out the answers about individual conformity and nonconformity when faced with a conflict of values in a multicultural society. The conclusions to be drawn are all the more important that the conflict of values and the underlying standards appears to be an integral part of a multicultural society. The paper consists of two parts. The first, theoretical one, comprises reflections on the concept of multiculturalism at large, offering a presentation of selected criminology theories based on the assumption that a society is made up of various groups representing different axiological systems around which various normative systems are duly constructed, with this heterogeneity lying at the source of any deviations, and also, whilst recognizing that conflict remains very much an integral part of an axiologically multicultural society (actual multiculturalism), conflict is addressed as a phenomenon, in due consideration of the concept proposed by T. Sellin, on two levels, i.e. the external one (i.e. when the standards governing a desirable behaviour of each group, minorities and a social majority, are found conflicting), and the internal one (i.e. an individually experienced dilemma whereupon in a situation of conflict, an individual must decide which standards to abide by). The author proposes that an internal conflict be construed in a slightly modified way, i.e. as a situation where an individual is trying to determine which standard, that applicable within his own group, or the country’s s/he happens to be living in, in view of: a) the fact that both groups and their values are essential to him/her (conflict of beliefs), b) the fact that s/he wants to respect both groups and their values ( conflict between discrepant legal norms), c) fear of the potential consequences of breaking the standards in place in each of these groups (conflict of consequences – the risk of having to face the negative consequences, or suffer the loss of benefits of compliance). The second part is an empirical attempt to characterize the likely behavioural paradigms of foreign nationals representing different cultural principles when faced with a conflict of values and standards applicable in both social settings, i.e. in the society they originate from, and in the Polish society into which they migrated (external conflict). It seemed of particular significance to identify the specific factors that may affect the choice made by an individual in such a conflict situation, i.e. what would make him/her choose to break the norm applicable within his/her own group (group standard), which s/he has so far complied with, or rather break the social norms in place in the country in which s/he currently resides. Here the actual attitude of the individual to the two conflicting standards, i.e. the presence or absence of internal conflict, proved to be of key importance. Given the extent to which the values and norms instilled in people in the process of socialization may impact their behaviours and individual choices, it was assumed that as far as the principle is concerned, people in conflict situations would be true to the values in which they had been brought up, instead of the values they did not identify with, new and culturally alien to them. It is therefore all the more essential to identify the possible factors that actually influence individual choices, so that an individual would rather breach the normative standard applicable within his own group, and abide by the standards upheld by the country s/he came to. An additional benefit of the study consisted in gaining an insight as to which specific situations within a cultural group under study might spark off an external conflict (at the level of normative standards beyond the domain of individual will). In practical terms, a sample image of cultural norms applicable within a group of foreign nationals under study was obtained, of norms that remain in conflict with the social principles in place in Poland (occasionally including legal constraints). All these data are essential as the differences in the shared values, attendant normative standards and commonly accepted models of response to an infringement of a particular norm are a potential source of individual dilemmas in foreign nationals as to which standard they should actually abide by, i.e. the group one or the one applicable within social majority. They may thus provide a certain clue as to what actually look for when dealing with the members of a particular community, with a view to increasing the likelihood of an effective dialogue, achieving the intended results in mutual relations, and in the long term, persuading them to comply with the normative standards in place in Polish society. The research was conducted in three selected communities, i.e. Caucasian, Vietnamese and Nigerian ones, even though the present paper is based predominantly on the research results pertaining to groups about which the research surveys yielded the most information, i.e. foreign nationals originating from the Caucasus, with particular consideration of the Chechen nationality. The Chechen examples were occasionally supplemented with the statements made by Armenian and Georgian respondents.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 2016, XXXVIII; 346-424
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tożsamość i (non)konformizm młodzieży z Ochotniczych Hufców Pracy
    Autorzy:
    Sterlus, Marta Izabela
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33956722.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    identity
    (non)conformism
    youth
    Volunteer Labor Corps
    tożsamość
    (non)konformizm
    młodzież
    Ochotnicze Hufce Pracy
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono analizę wyników badań własnych dotyczących stanu wymiarów tożsamości, stylów tożsamości oraz (non)konformizmu młodzieży przebywającej w Ochotniczych Hufcach Pracy. Jest to ważna problematyka ze względu na potrzebę aktualizacji diagnozy i indywidualizacji interwencji w odniesieniu do tej grupy młodzieży. W pracy użyto trzech kwestionariuszy: Skali Wymiarów Rozwoju Tożsamości (Dimensions of Identity Development Scale, DIDS), Inwentarzu Stylów Tożsamości (Identity Style Inventory, ISI-5) oraz Kwestionariusza Twórczego Zachowania (KANH III). Przeanalizowano wyniki 60 dziewcząt i chłopców w wieku od 16 do 18 lat. Analiza statystyczna pozwala na sformułowanie następujących wniosków. Chłopcy i dziewczęta nie różnią się od siebie pod względem stylów tożsamości, natomiast w zakresie wymiarów tożsamości chłopcy osiągnęli wyższe wyniki w zakresie wymiarów tożsamości takich jak: Eksploracja wszerz, Eksploracja ruminacyjna, Identyfikacja ze zobowiązaniem oraz Podejmowanie zobowiązań. Poza tym dziewczęta mają wyższy poziom (non)konformizmu niż chłopcy, co może sugerować ich większą skłonność do podejmowania działań, których celem jest zdobycie uwagi, nie zawsze w sposób zgodny z istniejącymi zasadami i normami społecznymi. Zrealizowane badania dostarczają pedagogom i wychowawcom wiedzy wspomagającej trafność i użyteczność działań, których celem jest podniesienie jakości startu życiowego w dorosłość młodzieży przebywającej w Ochotniczych Hufcach Pracy.
    The article presents an analysis of the results of own research on the state of identity dimensions, identity styles and (non)conformism of youth living in the Voluntary Labor Corps. This is an important issue due to the need to update the diagnosis and individualize interventions in this group of young people. Three questionnaires were used in the study: the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS), the Identity Style Inventory (ISI-5) and the Creative Behavior Questionnaire (KANH III). The results of 60 girls and boys aged 16 to 18 were analyzed. Statistical analysis allows for the formulation of the following conclusions. Boys and girls did not differ in terms of their identity styles, while in terms of identity dimensions, boys achieved higher scores in terms on identity dimensions, such as Exploration in Breadth, Ruminative Exploration, Identification with Commitment, and Commitment. Moreover, girls have a higher level of (non)conformism than boys, which may suggest their greater inclination to take actions aimed at gaining attention, not always in a manner consistent with existing social rules and norms. The conducted research provides pedagogues and educators with knowledge supporting the accuracy and usefulness of activities aimed at increasing the quality of life’s start in adulthood of young people staying in the Voluntary Labor Corps.
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia; 2022, 35, 3; 157-170
    0867-2040
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Of the Transavant-Garde in Ukrainian and Polish Artistic Traditions
    Autorzy:
    Soliarska-Komarchuk, Iryna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23050990.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    ethnomentalism
    archetype
    artistic thinking
    counterculture
    non-conformism
    expressionism
    new expression in Poland and Ukraine
    Opis:
    The article analyzes the artistic processes that emerged in the world in the second half of the twentieth century, after the Second World War. One of the most striking phenomena of that period was the transavant-garde, and the reasons for its emergence in many European countries and the United States are determined - Arte Cifra or la transavanguardia in Italy, Figuration Libre in France, New Image Painting in the United States, Neue Wilde in Germany, Nowa Expression in Poland. This diversity of transavant-garde manifestations in the context of national artistic systems is explained by the peculiarities of ethnomentalities that were formed on the basis of certain archetypes and universals. An important feature of the world transavant-garde is the artists’ appeal to expressionism. There is a rethinking and renewed interpretation of expressionism, which actually gave it the name «neo-expressionism». Considering the reasons why artists from different countries turned to expressionism, it is concluded that it was the analysis of inner experiences and the desire to express them as vividly as possible that caused such a «global» commitment. Closely related to this is the process of creating individual mythologies, which, through certain images (the use of linearism, dissonant color juxtapositions, deviations from the true image, the use of different techniques and materials in one art object), encouraged the viewer to experience certain affects. At the same time, the Ukrainian and Polish artistic systems of the time, as well as social and political life, were closely controlled by the Soviet system. The situation was especially difficult in Ukraine, where alternative views on art could be paid for with imprisonment or even life. However, in both Poland and Ukraine, there were artists who were engaged in aesthetic resistance and belonged to opposition movements such as counterculture and non-conformism. It is under these conditions that neo-expressionism gets its unique forms of development in both Polish and Ukrainian art. The New Expression movement has been developing in Poland since the early 1980s. Artists, turning away from official cultural institutions, spontaneously created alternative structures. The Polish New Expression, which officially declared itself and kept in touch with foreign colleagues, was a legitimate part of the global movement, and martial law did not allow Polish artists to enter the international scene. Using the creative methods of neoexpressionism, the artists fought for political freedom with inspiration. The artists, ridiculing the absurd world around them with the help of grotesque, used simplified composition and strong contrasting colors. Aesthetic resistance in Ukraine was deeply underground. Nonconformist artists could not organize exhibitions or communicate with their foreign colleagues. Therefore, the names of Ukrainian artists were not known to the world, as well as to most of their fellow citizens. Tight control by the authorities influenced the maximum reflection of opposition artists and determined the symbolic and metaphorical language of their works. After all, expressionism was despised and not supported within Soviet art.
    Źródło:
    Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe; 2023, 8(1); 57-62
    2543-9227
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Creativity in management – correlates symptoms as determinants of success
    Autorzy:
    Wróblewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/398966.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    creative management
    human capital
    success
    managing creativity
    creative competencies
    transgressive behaviors
    risk
    procreative motivation
    non-conformism
    kreatywne zarządzanie
    kapitał ludzki
    sukces
    kompetencje twórcze
    zachowania transgresyjne
    ryzyko
    motywacja prokreacyjna
    nonkonformizm
    Opis:
    The aim of this publication is to determine the correlates of creative and transgressive behavior in the context of the model of the determinants of creative management. The aim of this study was to verify empirically the relationship between the symptoms of creative features (cognitively and characterlogically) and indicators of transgressive behavior. The determinants of subjective qualities of creative and transgressive behavior are analyzed in this article. The author has adopted the assumption about a role of transgressive behaviors in dynamics of creative behaviors (creative resources). The following set of methods has been applied in the research: 1) Questionnaire of Creative Behavior KANH (Popek, 2001; Popek, 2010); 2) Scale to Measure Transgression (STr), (Studenski, 2006). Activity, predominance, courage and high selfesteem – main indicators of functioning a man with a high level of subject creative features – have proved to be significantly correlated with transgressive indicators of behavior. Subject of creative features expressed in a creative attitude coexists with transgressive behaviors: pro-creative motivation in searching for changes, nonconformism, focus on activity and overcoming problems, openness and courage to take up new tasks, innovation and acceptance of novelty. The resulting configurations of features in a range of variables (characteristics of creative and transgressive behavior) correspond to factors conditioning the success in business and management. To a little extent the previous studies took into account the subjective features recognized as creative (in the cognitive and characterological sphere) and their relationship with predisposition for transgressive behavior. The obtained results of research could contribute to the existing scientific achievements in the field of management of important determinants and correlates with subjective features ensuring success. It is defined by a transgressive action – as a kind of activity type to be changed. Subjective characteristics of the creative (creative assets) increases the efficiency of the action.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie; 2015, 7, 4; 30-38
    2080-9646
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Zarządzanie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Podmiotowe kompetencje twórcze i transgresja w perspektywie inwestycyjnej i zarządzania
    Subjective competence and creative transgression invest in the perspective and management
    Autorzy:
    Wróblewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
    Tematy:
    kompetencje twórcze
    możliwości twórcze
    aktywacja osobowości
    zachowania transgresyjne pro-twórcze
    nonkonformizm
    skupienie się na działalności
    przezwyciężanie problemów
    creative competencies
    subject creative features
    activation of personality
    transgressive behaviors
    non-conformism
    focus on activity
    overcoming problems
    Opis:
    Celem artykułu jest ukazanie podmiotowych twórczych kompetencji i transgresji jako istotnych zasobów, które w perspektywie inwestycyjnej i zarządzania zapewniają sukces i efektywne radzenie sobie w sytuacjach społecznych i zawodowych.
    The aim of the paper is to show symptoms of creative skills and transgression as important resources. Transgressions are innovative and creative behaviors. An attempt was made to present them in the perspective of the investment and management, as determinants of success and effectiveness.
    Źródło:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2015, 1; 160-168
    0867-8898
    Pojawia się w:
    Ekonomia i Środowisko
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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