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Tytuł:
Environmental considerations on maritime passenger transport
Autorzy:
Orive, Alberto Camarero
Nicoleta, González-Cancelas
Serrano, Beatriz Molina
Orive, Alfonso Camarero
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031287.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
MARPOL
Maritime passenger transport
green port
Opis:
Maritime passenger transport entails significant risks and threats against the environment. The existing International rules – from the MARPOL 73/78 Convention to the European Regulations and Directives and ISO standards- aim to avoid pollution both in the high seas and in the ports. Concepts such as Green port or Smart port arise from an effort to make better use of the available resources, increasing efficiency, better energy use, use of the information and telecommunications technologies (ICT), and the lowest environmental impact. Furthermore, technics and programmes of energy management have been developed for the same purposes also. This paper reviews the main rules in the matter, as well as the most innovative technologies aiming to improve the shipping performance. All this, together with the investment effort from ports and ships, and the enforcement of a more stringent.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2021, 151; 31-44
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy-efficient Ship Operation – Training Requirements and Challenges
Autorzy:
Baldauf, M.
Baumler, R.
Olcer, A.
Nakazawa, T.
Benedict, K.
Fischer, S.
Schaub, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Energy-Efficient Ship Operation
Maritime Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC)
Marpol
Opis:
The International Maritime Organization (IMO), through its Maritime Environmental Protection Committee (MEPC), has been carrying out substantive work on the reduction and limitation of greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping since 1997, following the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol and the 1997 MARPOL Conference. While to date no mandatory GHG instrument for international shipping has been adopted, IMO has given significant consideration of the matter and has been working in accordance with an ambitious work plan with a view to adopting a package of technical provisions. Beside the efforts undertaken by IMO, it is assumed that e.g. optimized manoeuvring regimes have potential to contribute to a reduction of GHG emissions. Such procedures and supporting technologies can decrease the negative effects to the environment and also may reduce fuel consumption. However, related training has to be developed and to be integrated into existing course schemes accordingly. IMO intends to develop a Model Course aiming at promoting the energy‐efficient operation of ships. This Course will contribute to the IMO’s environmental protection goals as set out in resolutions A.947(23) and A.998(25) by promulgating industry “best practices”, which reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the negative impact of global shipping on climate change. In this paper the outline of the research work will be introduced and the fundamental ideas and concepts are described. A concept for the overall structure and the development of suggested detailed content of the draft Model course will be exemplarily explained. Also, a developed draft module for the model course with samples of the suggested integrated practical exercises will be introduced and discussed. The materials and data in this publication have been obtained partly through capacity building research project of IAMU kindly supported by the International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) and The Nippon Foundation in Japan.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 2; 283-290
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of reduction systems of harmful substances into the atmosphere in accordance to requirements of IMO Tier III
Autorzy:
Czmyr, Stanisław
Kaminski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
NOx
SOx
MARPOL
atmosphere pollution
marine transportation
dual fuel
Opis:
Degradation of the environment is nowadays believed to be the most alarming problem that needs to be solved. Global warming and environmental pollution are predicted to cause a catastrophic chain reaction leading to species extinction, mass emigration due to rising sea levels and global crisis. The only solution suggested by international organizations is the immediate reduction of greenhouse gases and other harmful substances. Marine transportation harmful substances into the atmosphere are recognized to be a significant source of global atmospheric pollution. Despite the high efficiency of marine diesel engines, their impact on the environment is considerable. Due to environmentally friendly policies, modern engines concerns about not only efficiency but also mainly about s aspects. This article analyses and compares marine s exhaust gases reduction methods. Especially the most harmful substances emitted by ships were taken into consideration. The article presents the most crucial law regulations of harmful substances to the atmosphere, pointing at actual and possible future implementations. The most complex methods allowing meeting the latest limits were presented. Pros and cons of available control methods were thoroughly described and methods were compared. The most adequate methods form the effectiveness and economical point of view was pointed out.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 3; 7-14
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpieczeństwo konstrukcji okrętów i systemy zabezpieczeń instalacji pomocniczych i siłowni z napędem zasilanym paliwami LNG w odniesieniu do przepisów Bureau Veritas i wymagań kodeksu IGF
Safety of the ship structure and installations powered by LNG fuels in relation to the Bureau Veritas rules and IGF Code requirements
Autorzy:
Stachów, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
Kodeks IGF
paliwo LNG
MARPOL Annex VI
IGF Code
LNG Fuel
Opis:
W artykule omówione zostały wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji statków, systemów magazynowania, przesyłu, obróbki i przygotowania skroplonego gazu jako paliwa zasilającego okrętowe systemy napędowe i zespoły prądotwórcze, w odniesieniu do niektórych wymagań Kodeksu IGF oraz przepisów towarzystwa klasyfikacyjnego Bureau Veritas. W pracy przedstawiono fundamentalne kryteria i założenia Kodeksu IGF, które mogą być uwzględnione w trakcie tworzenia koncepcji i projektowania jednostek zasilanych paliwem LNG mając na uwadze problematykę limitu emisji zanieczyszczeń powietrza pochodzących ze statków a określone w Załączniku VI Konwencji MARPOL.
The article presents generally selected issues regarding the safety of ship structures, fuel containment systems, processing and preparation of LNG liquefied gas as fuel for marine propulsion systems and generating sets, in relation to certain requirements of the IGF Code and the provisions of the classification society Bureau Veritas rules. The publication presents the fundamental criteria and assumptions of the IGF Code, which may be taken into account when creating the concept and design of units powered by LNG fuel, also considering the limits of air pollution emissions from ships defined in Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 1-2; 408-413
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The future of the fuel in the marine industry
Autorzy:
Owierkowicz, Dariusz
Malinowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179536.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
LNG
MARPOL Convention
alternative energy sources
biofuels
fuel
hydrogen
maritime economy
sulfur oxides
Opis:
The marine propulsion plants of modern commercial marine vessels are based on huge two-stroke low-speed engines, which consume very low-quality residual fuel. As a result of heavy fuel combustion, emissions of harmful (toxic) pollutants into the atmosphere, particularly sulfur oxides, occur. Consequently, such acts are subject to the laws and regulations norms governing their use in national waters, the European Union and the whole world. On the other hand, ship owners who do not comply with prescribed standards are subject to high fines and therefore the maritime economy is looking for new, cleaner sources of energy in shipbuilding. Authors based on the analysis of literature and legislation present possible solutions to the problem mentioned.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 76; 136-148
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Logistyczne aspekty utylizacji odpadów plastikowych w kontekście zagrożeń dla środowiska morskiego
Logistical aspects of plastic waste disposal in the context of threats to the marine environment
Autorzy:
Łońska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1597272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
zanieczyszczenie morza
odpady plastikowe
mikroplastik
Marpol
spalarnia
marine pollution
plastic waste
microplastics
incinerator
Opis:
Odpady plastikowe stanowią problem globalny o zróżnicowaniu regionalnym. Głównymi źródłami lądowymi odpadów są: ścieki przemysłowe, miejskie, transport rzeczny, turystyka. Do zwiększenia ilości odpadów plastikowych w morzu przyczynia się także przemysł stoczniowy i jego działania związane z recyklingiem jednostek pływających. Do źródeł oceanicznych można zaliczyć aktywność połowową (połowy handlowe), flotę handlową, Marynarkę Wojenną czy działalność jednostek badawczych. Odpady plastikowe stanowią bardzo poważny problem w środowisku morskim. Oddziaływanie ich jest wieloaspektowe, przyczyniają się do śmierci organizmów oraz zatruwają organizmy w wyniku emisji substancji niebezpiecznych, w wyniku zaplątania ograniczają wzrost organizmów, powodują uszkodzenia ciała, dodatkowo stanowią rodzaj transportu dla wielu gatunków roślin i zwierząt. Oprócz instrumentów prawnych, które pełnią funkcję regulacyjną i represyjną, można zastosować inne metody w celu zminimalizowania ilości odpadów plastikowych w środowisku morskim. Zaliczyć do nich można użycie odpowiednich urządzeń na jednostkach pływających, edukację ekologiczną w zakresie zanieczyszczenia środowiska morskiego, odpowiednie strategie zarządzania środowiskowego, recykling odpadów plastikowych czy też ich monitoring.
Plastic waste is a global problem of regional differentiation. The main sources of waste land are: industrial wastewater, urban, river transport, tourism. To increase the amount of plastic waste in the sea shipbuilding and its activities related to the recycling of vessels also contributes. Ocean sources may include the activity of fishing (commercial fishing), commercial fleet, the Navy or business research units. Plastic wastes constitute a very serious problem in the marine environment. The impact of a multi-faceted, contribute to the death of organisms and poison the organism as a result of emissions of hazardous substances, limit the growth of organisms causing injury as a result of entanglement, also constitute a form of transport for many species of plants and animals. In addition to the legal instruments which act as the regulatory and repressive, other methods can be used to minimize the amount of plastic waste in the marine environment. These include the use of appropriate equipment on vessels, environmental education in the field of marine pollution, the appropriate strategies for environmental management, recycling of plastic waste, or the monitoring.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka; 2016, 12; 18--25
1231-2037
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ANN based evaluation of the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas of a marine two-stroke diesel engine
Autorzy:
Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258708.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
artificial neural network
marine two-stroke engine
NOx concentration
Annex VI to Marpol Convention
Opis:
The article presents results of a study on the possible application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to the evaluation of NOx concentration in the exhaust gas of a marine two-stroke Diesel engine. A concept is presented how to use the ANN as an alternative to direct measurements carried out on a ship at sea. Methods of proper ANN selection, configuration and training are presented. Also included are the results of laboratory tests, performed to obtain data for ANN training and tests, and the results obtained from modelling certain processes with the aid of selected ANNs. As a result of the performed investigations, an ANN was constructed and trained to calculate NOx concentration in the Diesel engine exhaust gas based on the engine operation parameters measured with an average error of 1.83% , and the fuel consumption measured with an average error of 1.12%.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2009, 2; 60-66
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performances in tank cleaning
Autorzy:
Panaitescu, V. A.
Panaitescu, M.
Panaitescu, F. V.
Martes, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
tank cleaning
ship operation
chemicals
impact cleaning
rinsing
ultra-violet spectroscopy
MARPOL
Permanganate Time Test (PTT)
Opis:
There are several operations which must do to maximize the performance of tank cleaning. The new advanced technologies in tank cleaning have raised the standards in marine areas. There are many ways to realise optimal cleaning efficiency for different tanks. The evaluation of tank cleaning options means to start with audit of operations: how many tanks require cleaning, are there obstructions in tanks (e.g. agitators, mixers), what residue needs to be removed, are cleaning agents required or is water sufficient, what methods can used for tank cleaning. After these steps, must be verify the results and ensure that the best cleaning values can be achieved in terms of accuracy and reliability. Technology advancements have made it easier to remove stubborn residues, shorten cleaning cycle times and achieve higher levels of automation. In this paper are presented the performances in tank cleaning in accordance with legislation in force. If tank cleaning technologies are effective, then operating costs are minimal.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 1; 159-163
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An international platform for cooperation on liquefied natural gas (LNG) – a report on the MarTech LNG project
Autorzy:
Jankowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
MarTech LNG
liquefied natural gas
Baltic Sea
LNG as a fuel
MARPOL
ECAs
clean energy
Opis:
There were a number of circumstances which became the basis for the MarTech liquefied natural gas (LNG) project: the forthcoming regulations reducing permitted sulphur content of a ship’s fuel, and aspirations of Poland and Lithuania to diversify sources of natural gas import by building LNG import terminals. The project was launched in 2012 and lasted more than three years until April 2015. It concerned the uses of LNG in the South Baltic Sea region and was realized by eight partners from five countries surrounding this area. The main aims were promotion of LNG as a fuel and dissemination of knowledge and experiences related to LNG. They were achieved by organizing training courses, seminars and meetings between stakeholders, research institutions and policy makers. This paper is an informal report of activities within the MarTech LNG project.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 46 (118); 29-35
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zasilania silników okrętowych paliwem gazowym na wielkość projektowego współczynnika efektywności energetycznej EEDI na przykładzie wybranego kontenerowca
Influence of Supply of Gas Fuel Marine Engines on Value of Energy Efficiency Design Index on the Example of Selected Container Ship
Autorzy:
Giernalczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/342034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Morskiego w Gdyni
Tematy:
Konwencja MARPOL 73/78
paliwo pozostałościowe
gaz ziemny
projektowy współczynnik efektywności energetycznej EEDI
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MARPOL 73/78
heavy fuel oil (HFO)
gas fuel (LNG)
Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na problem emisji do atmosfery przez statki morskie związków toksycznych, takich jak m.in. NOx, SOx, cząstki stałe oraz dwutlenek węgla. Załącznik VI Konwencji MARPOL o zapobieganiu zanieczyszczaniu powietrza przez statki wymusił na armatorach stosowanie rozwiązań zmierzających do ograniczenia emisji do atmosfery tych szkodliwych substancji. Jednym z instrumentów realizacji tych wytycznych jest wprowadzony dla nowo budowanych statków projektowy współczynnik efektywności energetycznej EEDI. W artykule przedstawiono przykłady obliczeń tego współczynnika dla siłowni projektowanego kontenerowca w przypadku zasilania silników paliwem płynnym i gazowym LNG. Wskazano w ten sposób na istotny wpływ rodzaju spalanego paliwa na wielkość współczynnika.
The goal of the paper is to pay attention to the problem of emission of toxic compounds e.g. NOx, SOx and CO2 from seagoing ships to environment. The VI Amendment to MARPOL Convention concerning prevention against air pollution by seagoing ships, brought into practice in May 19th 2005, forced ship owners to use means for reduction of environment harmful substances emission to atmosphere. One of tools enabling realisation of above mentioned regulations is compulsory implementation of Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). The paper presents way of its calculation, for propulsion plant of designed container ship, in case of supplying engines with heavy fuel (HFO) and LNG fuel. This way there was underlined important influence of fuel burned on value of the efficiency index, and subsequently on level of pollutants emission.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni; 2018, 105; 53-64
1644-1818
2451-2486
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Gdyni
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solution to Reduce Air Environmental Pollution from Ships
Autorzy:
Pham, H.T.
Nguyen, T.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Pollution at Sea
Environment Protection
Ecology, MARPOL
Air Environmental Pollution
Gas Emissions
Exhaust Gas Emissions
Exhaust Gas
Opis:
Exhaust gas emissions from ships are increasingly polluting the air environment seriously. Therefore, the MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI is applied for all ships from 2017, Annex VI provided that the concentrations of NOx,SOx CO contained in ship’s exhaust gases must be less than 6.4 g/kWh, 0.6 g/kWh, and 5.5g/kWh respectively. Today, there are many solutions to reduce pollution emissions from exhaust gas of ships, such as improving combustion, using oil emulsion, using biofuel,…However, these solutions also have a handful of disadventages such as being unable to thoroughly resoulve problems, high cost, and very difficult to improve the quality of ship exhaust gas emissions for old ships. Exhaust gas treatment method uses a centralized treatment system where exhaust gas from the thermal engines is taken in a centralized treatment system before discharging into the air. After centralized treatment system, in comparision with raw exhaust gas, soot can be reduced by 98%, NOx can be reduced by 75%, SOx can be reduced by 80%. This method of treatment is not only low cost, good quality but also make marine heat-engines still use traditional fuels as well as need not improve its structure.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 2; 257-261
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal aspects of low-emission shipping in the light of provisions of “sulphur directive” adopted by the European Union
Autorzy:
Madejska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
ship emissions
sulphur dioxide
nitrogen oxides
sulphur directive
MARPOL Annex VI
protection of the environment
control on sulphur emissions
Opis:
Shipping emits a variety of air pollutants: sulphur dioxide (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx ), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and particulate matter PM. Air pollutant emissions from maritime transport can be transported over long distances and thus increasingly contribute to air quality problems. Key environmental regulations (international and European) coming into force in this decade address emissions of SOx , NOx , CO2 and PM to control and limit their impact in the atmosphere. In the European Union, accordingly to the legal regulations, in the sulphur emission control areas the required SOx content of fuel will be reduced from 1.5 % to 0.1 % beginning January 2015. Globally, from 2020 onwards, ships operating in all other European Sea areas will have to use fuels with sulphur content of 0.5 % or less.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2013, 4; 87-94
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Technologies for the Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions
Autorzy:
Arsenie, P.
Martinas, G.
Gheorghe, C.
Arsenie, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Nitrogen Oxides
Nitrogen Oxides Emissions
Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions
Environment Protection
ecology
Pollution at Sea
Primary Combustion Zone
MARPOL
Opis:
When it comes to gas turbines, their main problem concerning pollutant emissions is represented by nitric oxides. Among other emissions, sulphur oxides being much reduced due to the use of liquid distilled and gas fuels with a low content of sulphur. Using water or steam injection became the favourite method during the '80s and especially the '90s since "dry" methods and catalytic reduction were both at the beginning of the development phase. Catalytic convertors have been used since the '80s and they are still used although the costs of renewing the catalyst are very high. In the last twenty years a gradual decrease has been registered on the limits of nitric oxides from 75 ppm to 25 ppm, and now the target is oriented towards the 9 ppm level. The evolution of burning technologies of combustion makes it possible to control the level of production of nitric oxides even from the source without being necessary to use "humid" methods. This, of course, opened the market for gas turbines because they can function even in areas with limited quality water reserves, such as maritime platforms and in the desert. In this paper, we are going to show that, although water injection is still used, "dry" control technologies of burning became favourite methods for the majority of users on the industrial power generators market. The great dependency between the creation of nitric oxides and the temperature reveals the effect of direct water or steam injection on reducing nitric oxides. Recent research showed that a reduction up to 85% of nitric oxides may be obtained by using the water or steam injection all together with the improvement of aerodynamic character of the burning room.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 2; 251-256
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy zastosowania paliwa niskosiarkowego na akwenie Morza Bałtyckiego
Effects uses low sulfur fuel used to propulsion engine of ships in the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Chłopińska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310106.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
paliwo niskosiarkowe
Morze Bałtyckie
żegluga morska
Marpol
SECA
Dyrektywa 2012/33/UE
low sulfur fuels
Baltic Sea
sea transport
Directive 2012/33/EU
Opis:
W pierwszej części artykułu zostały scharakteryzowane ograniczenia emisji tlenków siarki wynikające z Dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2012/33/UE. Opisane zostały obszary SECA, które są objęte Międzynarodową Konwencją o Zapobieganiu Zanieczyszczaniu Morza przez Statki. W dalszej części wyszczególniono problemy, z którymi zmagają się armatorzy w wyniku wejścia w życie owej Dyrektywy. Szczegółowo zostały przedstawione ceny paliw niskosiarkowych i ich wpływ na żeglugę morską.
In the article was included restrictions of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2012/33/EU, dedicated to the emission of sulfur oxides (SOx). SECA marine areas, protect in terms of pollution by ships on the basis of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) were characterized.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 12; 1541-1544
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving the Efficiency of a High Speed Catamaran Through the Replacement of the Propulsion System
Autorzy:
Melo, G.
Echevarrieta, I.
Serra, J. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Ship Propulsion
Propulsion System
High Speed Catamaran
High Speed Craft (HSC)
MARPOL Annex VI
Energy Efficiency Operational Index (EEOI)
Marine Gas Oil (MGO)
Improving the Efficiency
Opis:
The high speed vessels are primarily designed for short distances services as public transport of passengers and vehicles. The range of high speed, according to the Code of high-speed vessels begins at 20 knots, which depends on the cruise speed you desire for your vessel; you will have to use the most appropriate type of propellant. In general, in the past 20 years, they have been building high-speed vessels with speeds above 33 knots, which meant installing water jet propellants coupled to powerful engines and therefore of high consumption of fuel, increasing operating costs and causing increased air pollution. Although the prices of fuel have been reduced to half, due to the sharp fall in oil prices, the consumption of fuel and the air pollution remains high at these speeds and powers used, in addition to that the reduction of the time spent on each trip is not excessive, mainly in short routes that are less than an hour . This article is about adapting a ship of high-speed service, with a maximum speed in tests of 34 knots and to reduce its operating costs (fuel, maintenance, etc.) and make it economically viable; before the transformation, this vessel was operating with a service speed of 22 knots, and with a consumption per mile of 135 litters of MGO. The transformation process has consisted by: – Replacement of the two original water jet with four shaft lines with fix pitch propeller. – Replacement of the two original main engines (2 x 6500 kW = 13000 kW) by four engines (4 x 1380kW = 5.520 kW). – Changing the underwater hull shape to fit the new propellers and maximize its efficiency. – Relocation of auxiliary engines, to achieve the most efficient trim. – Installation of two lateral propellers to improve maneuverability and shorten the total time of journey. After the reform and the return to service of the vessel with a service speed of over 22 knots, it has been verified that the consumption per mile is of 45 litters MGO, representing a reduction of 65% of consumption and even more reduction of emissions as the new engines comply with the latest regulations.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 4; 531-535
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 17

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