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    Tytuł:
    Lingulate brachiopods from Lower Ordovician [Tremadoc] chalcedonites, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Holmer, L E
    Biernat, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19951.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Lingulata
    paleobiology
    Lower Ordovician
    Polska
    brachiopod
    Ordovician
    Holy Cross Mountains
    Brachiopoda
    Opis:
    Lingulate brachiopods from chalcedonites of Tremadoc age are redescribed based on new material from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. The fauna includes 18 species, of which Elliptoglossa polonica and Siphonotretella popovi are new. The enigmatic Orbiculoidea? subovalis Biernat is redescribed as a species of the recently erected aberrant paterulids Diencobolus Holmer, Popov, Koneva, and Bassett. The fauna includes also Acrotreta dissimilis (Biernat), ?Ditreta dividua Biernat, Semitreta maior Biernat, Eurytreta minor Biernat, Mamatia retracta (Popov), Orbithele ceratopygarum (Brøgger), Siphonobolus uralensis (Lermontova), Alichovia analogica Biernat, Pomeraniotreta sp., Akmolina sp., Rowellella sp., Acanthambonia sp. A, Acanthambonia? sp. B, Leptembolon cf. lingulaeformis (Mickwitz), and the earliest known species of Eoconulus. Most of the recorded lingulate species are endemic, but a significant number are now known also from eastern Kazakhstan and the South Urals, as well as from the Tremadoc of Sweden and Norway.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2002, 47, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A review of the endocerid cephalopod Protocyptendoceras from the Floian [Lower Ordovician] of the Eastern Cordillera, Argentina
    Autorzy:
    Cichowolski, M
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20173.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Cephalopoda
    Floian
    endocerid cephalopod
    paleontology
    cephalopod
    Ordovician
    Lower Ordovician
    Proterocameroceratidae
    Endocerida
    Argentina
    Opis:
    Ordovician cephalopods from Western Gondwana are still poorly known and published data is in need of systematic and stratigraphical revision. In this work, the endocerid proterocameroceratid Protocyptendoceras from the Floian of the Eastern Cordillera of Argentina is revised using new material from La Ciénaga, 5 km upstream from Purmamarca. The species P. corvalani and P. teicherti are considered to be junior synonyms of P. fuenzalidae, which is redescribed in detail and reillustrated. Specimens preserve adapical parts of isolated siphuncles, related here to the presence of endocones in a posterior portion. Evidently P. fuenzalidae had a nektobenthic mode of life in a shallow water environment, oriented horizontally. Its palaeobiogeographical affinities are mainly with Floian proterocameroceratids from Eastern Gondwana, such as Anthoceras decorum and the related genera Lobendoceras, Ventroloboceras, and Notocycloceras.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2009, 54, 1; 99-109
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Brachiopods from the uppermost Lower Ordovician of Peru and their palaeogeographical significance
    Autorzy:
    Gutierrez-Marco, J C
    Villas, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    systematics
    Peru
    Celtic Province
    Lower Ordovician
    brachiopod
    Ordovician
    geological setting
    paleogeography
    Ahtiella
    geographic setting
    Brachiopoda
    paleontology
    Opis:
    The studied brachiopod assemblages from the uppermost Lower Ordovician beds of Peru are of very low diversity and are among the northernmost known strata of that age in South America. They have been collected at the Carcel Puncco canyon of the Inambari River, near San Gabán in the easternmost Eastern Cordillera. Of the six species described, Euorthisina orthiformis and Paralenorthis immitatrix were already known from the Bolivian outcrops of the same Andean Eastern Cordillera; two species are new: Ahtiella zarelae Villas sp. nov. and Paralenorthis carlottoi Villas sp. nov. The new species of Ahtiella, of late Floian age, represent the oldest record of the genus characteristic of Celtic assemblages. During the early Mid Ordovician the genus migrated eastward from this region into the north margin of proto−Avalonia and after that, in Llanvirn times, into Baltica. During the early Llanvirn Ahtiella also migrated westward reaching the Precordillera Argentina region. Brachiopod faunal affinities suggest that there was a closer proximity of Avalonia with the Central Andean Basin, in similar temperate latitudes, than with the Southwestern European Platform, placed in very high latitude. Paralenorthis does not give any palaeogeographical signal, since it is known from all latitudes and palaeocontinents. Nevertheless, the occurrence of Euorthisina reinforces the Gondwanan signature of the region, since this genus spread during the Arenig throughout the middle latitude belt at the Gondwana margins, although it also colonised sub−polar latitudes, coinciding with the Llanvirn transgression over North Gondwana.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2007, 52, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    New brachiopods from the Lower-Middle Ordovician [Billingen-Volkhov stages] of the East Baltic
    Autorzy:
    Egerquist, E
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23283.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Clitambonitidae
    Lower-Middle Ordovician
    brachiopod
    Russia
    Ordovician
    Orthida
    Baltic Sea
    Brachiopoda
    paleontology
    Estonia
    Opis:
    Two new rhynchonelliformean brachiopods, Neumania paucicostata sp. nov. and Leoniorthis robusta gen. et sp. nov., are described from the Billingen and Volkhov stages (Lower–Middle Ordovician: Arenig) of the Baltic–Ladoga Klint area. All specimens were washed out from unconsolidated sediments, and were sampled in Tallin, Estonia, and at three localities in St. Petersburg district, Russia. Numerous specimens were found in a large mud mound, the lower part of which is within the Baltoniodus triangularis conodont Zone, otherwise usually missing in this area. L. robusta is here assigned to the family Orthidae.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2003, 48, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Potencjał występowania złóż gazu ziemnego w łupkach dolnego paleozoiku w basenie bałtyckim i lubelsko-podlaskim
    Shale gas potential of the Lower Palaeozoic complex in the Baltic and Lublin-Podlasie basins (Poland)
    Autorzy:
    Poprawa, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074759.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    gaz łupkowy
    górny ordowik
    dolny sylur
    zachodni skłon kratonu wschodnioeuropejskiego
    EEC
    shale gas
    Upper Ordovician
    Lower Silurian
    East European Craton
    Opis:
    The Lower Palaeozoic basin at the western slope of the East European Craton (EEC) (Fig. 1) is currently recognized as one of the most interesting areas for shale gas exploration in Europe. The Upper Ordovician and/or Lower Silurian graptolitic shale is here the major potential reservoir formation (Figs. 2, 3) (Poprawa & Kiersnowski, 2008; Poprawa, 2009). Moreover, the Upper Cambrian to Tremadocian Alum shale is an additional target locally in the northern part of the Baltic Basin. These sediments are often rich in organic matter (Klimuszko, 2002; Poprawa & Kiersnowski, 2008; Więcław et al., 2010; Skręt & Fabiańska, 2009), as well as silica. Limited data from two wells in the western part of the Baltic Basin show silica contents up to 60-70% (Fig. 4) (Krzemiński & Poprawa, 2006). The advantage of the Lower Palaeozoic shale from the western slope of EEC is its broad lateral extend (Fig. 1) and relatively quiet tectonic setting. The later is particularly true in the case of the Baltic Basin and Podlasie Depression. Structural development becomes to some extent more complex in the case of the Lublin region, where the Lower Palaeozoic shale appears affected by late Famennian to early Visean block tectonics. Development of the organic rich Lower Palaeozoic shale at the western slope of EEC was controlled by several factors. Very important was here the rate of non-organic detritus deposition (Fig. 5). The other factors included organic productivity of the basin, its subsidence, relative sea level changes, basin bathymetry, geochemical conditions at the sea bottom (especially oxygenation), degree of bioturbation, presence of topographic barriers at the sea bottom, leading to development of isolated anoxic zones, sea currents configuration, and climate changes. Organic matter of the Lower Palaeozoic is characterized by presence of II type of kerogen. Appearance of the organic-rich shale within the Lower Palaeozoic section at the western slope of the EEC is diachronic (Fig. 6). From NW towards east and SE, the intervals richest in organic appear related to systematically younger strata, starting from the Upper Cambrian to Tremadocian, as well as the Upper Llanvirn and Caradoc in the Łeba Elevation (northern onshore Baltic Basin; Fig. 7). In central parts of the Baltic Basin and Podlasie Depression as well as NW part of the Lublin region, the intervals richest in organic matter are found in the Llandovery section, while in the eastern part of the Baltic Basin and SE part of the Lublin region the highest TOC contents are found in the Wenlock. Therefore, depending on location at the western slope of EEC, different formations are recognized as the targets for shale gas exploration. The Upper Cambrian to Tremadocian shale, present only in the northern part of the Baltic Basin, is characterized by very high contents of organic matter, with average value for individual sections usually ranging from 3 to 12% TOC. This shale formation is, however, of very limited thickness, not higher than several meters in the onshore part of the basin (Szymański, 2008; Więcław et al., 2010). In onshore part of the studied area, thickness of the Caradoc shale changes from a few meters up to more than 50 m (Modliński & Szymański, 1997, 2008). Contents of organic matter in these sediments are the highest in the Łeba Elevation zone and the basement of the Płock-Warszawa trough, where average TOC contents in individual well sections range from 1% to nearly 4%. Ashgill rocks are characterized by high TOC contents only in the Łeba Elevation zone, where average TOC values for individual well sections rise up to 4,5% at the most. Llandovery shale has high TOC contents, particularly in its lower part, throughout vast parts of the western slope of EEC. The maximum measured TOC contents in those rocks in Podlasie Depression are nearly 20%. Average TOC values for individual sections of the Llandovery are usually equal 1% do 2,5%, except for the Podlasie Depression, where they may reach as much as 6%. Thickness of the Llandovery shale generally increases from east to west to approximately 70 m at the most. However, in the major part of that area it ranges from 20 to 40 m (Modliński et al., 2006). Thickness of theWenlock sediments is also highly variable laterally, from less than 100 m in SE part of the Lublin region to over 1000 m in western part of the Baltic Basin. Average content of organic matter in individualWenlock sections in central and western parts of the Baltic Basin and the Podlasie Depression usually ranges from 0,5% to 1,3% TOC. In the eastern part of the Baltic Basin and in the Lublin region it is higher, rising to about 1-1,7% TOC. The above mentioned TOC values show the present day content of organic matter, which is lower than the primary one. The difference between the present and primary TOC contents increases along with increasing thermal maturity. It is also highly dependant on genetic type of kerogen. Taking into account the II type of kerogen from the analyzed sediments, it may be stated that in the zones located in the gas window the primary TOC was at least one-half greater than indicated by laboratory measurements. From the shale gas point of view, the basins at the western slope of EEC are characterized by a negative relation between depth at present day burial and thermal maturity (Poprawa & Kiersnowski, 2008). In the zones with burial depth small enough to keep exploration costs at very low level (Fig. 8), thermal maturity of shales is too low for gas generation (Figs. 9, 12a). Maturity increases westwards (Fig. 8) along with depth of burial (Fig. 9). Thus, the potential shale gas accumulations in the western part of the studied area occur at depths too high for commercial gas exploration and exploitation (Fig. 12b). Between of the zone of maturity too low for shale gas development and that where depth of burial is too large for its exploration, there occurs a broad zone of the Lower Palaeozoic shale with increased shale gas exploration potential (Fig. 13) (Poprawa & Kiersnowski, 2008; Poprawa, 2009). In that area, there are shale intervals of relatively high thickness and average TOC exceeding 1-2% TOC (Fig. 7, 10, 12c). Thermal maturity of these rocks appears sufficient for generation of gas (Fig. 9, 10), and results of well tests for deeper-seated conventional reservoirs suggest good quality of dry gas with no nitrogen (Fig. 12c). It should be noted that some gas shows have been recorded in the Lower Palaeozoic shale. Moreover, depth of burial is not too large for commercial shale gas exploration (Fig. 8, 10). Hydrocarbon shows and their composition in the Lower Palaeozoic are strictly related to thermal maturity of the source rock. In the zones of low maturity, these are almost exclusively oil shows documented. Further westwards, in the zone transitional to the gas window area, gas is wet and contains significant contribution of hydrocarbon gases higher than methane.Within the gas window zone, the records are almost exclusively limited to methane shows. Moreover, within the zones of low maturity high nitrogen contents were recorded (Poprawa, 2009). In the zones characterized by thermal maturity in the range from 0,8 to 1,1% Ro and very high TOC contents (over 15% at the most), there is a potential for oil shale exploration. The zones with the highest oil shale potential include eastern Baltic Basin in SW Lithuania and NE part of the Podlasie Depression. Some data necessary for entirely firm estimations of potential shale gas resources of the Lower Palaeozoic complex in Poland are still missing. However, preliminary estimates indicate that these shale gas resources may possibly be classified as gigantic (1,400-3,000 bln m3 of recoverable gas; Fig. 15). For comparison, resources of conventional gas in Poland are equal to 140,5 bln m exp.3, and annual domestic gas consumption is at the level of 14 bln m exp. 3. However, it should be noted that some characteristics of the Lower Palaeozoic complexes indicate increased exploration risk. The average TOC contents are here lower than in classic examples of gas shales, like e.g. Barnett shale. Moreover, in the zone of optimal burial depth (less than 3000–3500 m) thermal maturity is lower than in the case of the Barnett shale core area. An important risk factor is also both a limited amount and limited resources of conventional gas fields in the Lower Palaeozoic complex (Fig. 13). Amount and intensity of gas shows in the Lower Palaeozoic shale are also relatively low, and there is no evidences for presence of overpressure in this complex. In the eastern part of western slope of the EEC, there appears an additional risk factor-arelatively high content of nitrogen in gas.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 3; 226-249
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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