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Tytuł:
The Victors of a War that Was Not Theirs: First-World-War-Veterans in the Second Republic of Poland and Their European Peers
Autorzy:
Jarząbek, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601515.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
war veterans
First World War
II Republic of Poland
Polish Legions
Czechoslovak Legions
Opis:
This article’s aim is an analysis of the status of Polish veterans of the Great War in interwar period. Their position is discussed in a European context. The author underlines dichotomy between ex-servicemen from former Austro-Hungarian, German or Russian armies (constituting vast majority of the veterans in the Second Republic of Poland) and the ‘independence fighters’ (i.e. soldiers from the voluntary Polish formations like Legiony Polskie) in terms of their legal status and symbolic position. State privileged the group of former Piłsudski’s Legionnaires and other ‘independence fighters’. At the same time the majority of ‘ordinary’ veterans was offered little more than ‘compassion’. Unlike in Germany or France, First World War veterans did not form any important mass movement. The dominant position of the relatively small group of ‘Polish soldiers’ over masses of ‘soldiers-Poles’, similar to the position of former Czechoslovak legionaries, can be therefore treated as specific to the new states of East Central and Southeast Europe.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2015, 111
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ksiądz Pułkownik Józef Panaś (1887–1940) Kapelan Legionów Polskich, działacz polityczny i publicysta
Colonel Priest Józef Panaś (1887–1940). Chaplain of the Polish Legions, Political Activist and Publicist
Autorzy:
Stawarz, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Józef Panaś
Polish Legions
Biography
Opis:
The purpose of this dissertation is to present the significant achievements and activities of this chaplain in many areas of his life. He is not a person well known and has not gained a rightful place in the Polish historiography. The author of this dissertation attempted to analyze the role of chaplain in the functioning of the Polish Legions, the battle for Przemyśl and pastoral work in the Polish Army. Also considered the impact of the priest chaplain on the activities of the peasant movement, attempted to determine the degree of the impact of journalism Socio-political face of ideological and programmatic opposition government. The author did not omit the question of the position of chaplain in the structures of conspiracy Lvov under Soviet occupation.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Wiejskie; 2017, 23; 203-210
1506-6541
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bunt w Sucro 206 r. p.n.e. - czyli społeczne koszty budowy imperium
Autorzy:
Maciejowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630887.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Iberian Peninsula
Rome
legions
empire
revolt
Opis:
The article addresses the issue of relations between Rome and its provinces on the example of the community of legionnaires serving on the Iberian Peninsula. The legion service was not limited to the military aspect, which is manifested in the numerous mutinies of the soldiers. By juxtaposing the account of chroniclers of the period with the findings of contemporary historians concerning the causes of mutinies the author presents the material and social dimension of Roman expansion.
Źródło:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia; 2010, 1-2; 207-219
2082-5951
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bolesław Roja. Legionowym szlakiem dowódcy czwartaków
Bolesław Roja. Legion Route of „Czwartacy” Commander
Autorzy:
Kozłowska, Aleksandra Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Bolesław Roja
Polish Legions
First World War
Opis:
The future commander of the 4th Legions’ Infantry Regiment was born on the 4th of April 1876 in the village of Bryńce Zagórne, Autrian Galicia. He grew up in a family of the forester. He completed the Imperial and Royal St Ann’s Gymnasium and in 1898 graduated from the Austro-Hungarian Army Cadet School (Kadettenschule) in Wiener Neustadt near Vienna.  In 1899 Bolesław Roja was promoted to second lieutenant. He served in the 36th Land Defence Regiment (k.k. 36 Landwehrinfanterieregiment) in Kolomyia.  In 1905 he was transferred to army reserve. Before World War I he cooperated with the Austro-Hungarian intelligence. In 1914 B. Roja joined the Polish Legions, at first in the 2nd Legions’ Infantry Regiment (the 2nd Brigade of the Polish Legions). In March 1915 r. he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and appointed the commander of the 4th Legions’ Infantry Regiment which joined the 3rd Brigade. The regiment was formed in Rozprza near Piotrków Trybunalski. In July 1915 B. Roja moved to the front to fight against the Imperial Russian Army. His regiment took a part in the battle of Jastków near Lublin (July 31-August 3, 1915) and later fought in the Volyn region. In September 1915 B. Roja got promoted to the rank of colonel. In December his regiment was moved to Optowa by the Styr River were the camp of the Polish Legions was set up. It was called the ”Roja’s Camp”. In the beginning of 1916 B. Roja organised the Colonel Council (Rada Pułkowników), a collective body of the Polish legionary officers. In July 1916 he took a part in the Battle of Kostyukhnivka (Kostiuchnówka) in the Volyn region. After the Oath Crisis (Kryzys Przysięgowy) in July 1917 B. Roja left the Polish Legions and rejoined the Austro-Hungarian Army. In 1918 he returned to Kraków where he took over former Austrian Military Command (late October). In November 1918 he was promoted to brigade general and named the commander of Kraków garrison. He served in the Polish Army untill 1922 when he was transferred to reserve. In 1928 B. Roja was elected to the parliament as a member of Stronnictwo Chłopskie peasant party. He frequently criticized Józef Piłsudski and sanacja government. In 1937 he was interned at the psychiatric ward of the Kraków military hospital. In March 1940 the general was arrested by the Germans and placed in Pawiak prison in Warsaw. In May he was transferred to Sachsenhausen concentration camp, where he was murdered in a beastly way on the 27th May 1940.
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Źródło:
Zeszyty Wiejskie; 2018, 24; 69-91
1506-6541
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
III Zjazd Związku Legionistów Polskich 9-10 sierpnia 1924 roku wLublinie
The 3rd Convention of the Polish Legions Association; 9-10 August 1924, Lublin
Autorzy:
Konefał, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Lublin
zjazd
legioniści
Józef Piłsudski
kombatanci
żołnierze
Związek Legionistów Polskich
convention
Legions soldiers
combatants
soldiers
Polish Legions Association
Opis:
Demobilized soldiers of the 1914-1918 war were not satisfied with their material status. At the beginning attempts at uniting the combatants of particular formations from the time World War I had a friendly and mutual aid character. With the passage of time a legend of the soldiers' and their commanders' acts was born and consolidated. In the case of the Legions' soldiers the situation was similar. This was complemented with Marshal Piłsudski's soldiers' general dissatisfaction when he was depraved of any influence on the state and the army after 1921. The Polish Legions Association (ZLP) established in 1922 only for a short time remained a non-political organization. Dissatisfaction with the political situation in Poland could already be seen during the 2nd Convention of the Association that took place in Lvov on 5-6 August 1923. The next convention, organized in Lublin, was already an attempt at consolidating the ranks for a struggle against the rule of parliamentary democration. In the period preceding the Convention the ZLP branches in the Lublin Province became active; also the Rifle Club intensified its activity. Numerous initiatives were launched before the convention started. Dissatisfaction with the existing situation was loudly manifested by the Lublin organization of the Polish Socialist Party. The 3rd Convention took place on 9-10 August 1924. The Polish Legions soldiers' complicity and their insufficient activity were mentioned in connection with Marshal Piłsudski being debarred from the Army. The Legions' battles in the Lublin Province in 1915 were reminded. For this reason the battlefield and military cemetary in Jastków were included in the celebrations. During the Convention days it was declared to the whole country that the Association joins Poland's political life. Nearly two years later the ideology accepted by Józef Piłsudski's supporters during the Convention resulted in an armed coup that was the beginning of the “Sanacja” system that lasted till September 1939.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2002, 50, 2; 187-210
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Создание Третьей Бригады Легионов Польских. Обстоятельства создания и обзор снаряжения
Constitution of 3rd Brigade of the Polish Legions. The circumstances of the uprising and retrospective equipment
Autorzy:
WIERZBICKI, Sławomir
PULIK, Aleksiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517446.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Polish Legions
Third Brigade
Legion uniforms
Józef Piłsudski
Opis:
The aim of this work is not be exhaustive, but merely a subjective show the history of military formations existing in the years 1915-1917 he was the Third Brigade of the Polish Legions. On the basis of archival materials and scientific literature the author presents the constitution of the unit, which played an important role in the struggle for Polish independence in the First World War. The work is presented in both aspects of the purely military and political background related to the struggle for Polish Legions character. Initially, the author puts forward for consideration a preliminary reflection. Then present the formation of Polish organization of shooting in Galicia. In the next part discusses the circumstances surrounding the creation and the beginnings of the Polish Legions and the genesis of the Third Brigade of the Polish Legions. At the end of the focuses its attention on uniforms and equipment Legions.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2017, 6; 165-177
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Slavic mutuality, Turkish-Slavic political connection and the vision of General Edmund Taczanowski
Autorzy:
Prałat, Emilian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2120071.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Edmund Taczanowski
Turcja
polityka
legiony
Bułgarzy
Turkey
politic
legions
Bulgarians
Opis:
The article is devoted to the discovered Greater Poland Military Museum in Poznań, the unpublished text of the memorial in French, which General Edmund Taczanowski, intended to address to the Turkish Sultan, in the hope of creating Bulgarian-Turkish troops, which were then to be used in battles with Russia.
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2022, 2 (33); 113-142
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pieśni Legionów Polskich
The songs of the Polish Legions
Autorzy:
Sierzputowski, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084940.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa im Marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego
Tematy:
Legiony
muzyka
twórczość
Józef Piłsudski
Marsz Pierwszej Brygady
Legiony to są Termopile
Polish Legions
music
creativeness
March of the First Brigade
Legions are Thermopylae
Opis:
The article concerns the songs of the Polish Legions commonly known as Józef Pilsudski's Legions. The so called “legionowa” song is an example of creativity inspired by daily life of legion soldiers as well as the figures of the commanders of this military formation. This work is an important proof of historical events from the period of the struggle for independence, often un-sublimated, as in the case of the song “Haniś my Haniś” (“Haniś moja Haniś”), but not without authenticity, sometimes very professional, an example of which is the “Song of the Nice Commander” (“Pieśni o miłym Wodzu”) by Zygmunt Pomarański. Frequently glorifying the glory of legionary leaders, another time revealing their flaws, sometimes funny, at other times wistful, full of regret and discord towards an unjust fate. The article includes formal analyzes of "Songs of the Nice Commander" (“Pieśni o miłym Wodzu”) by Zygmunt Pomarański and the version of “March of the First Brigade” (official anthem of the Polish Armed Forces) we know today. In addition, the article includes a study for voice and wind orchestra, a commonly unknown song popular during the Legion's fight – “Legions are Thermopylae” (“Legiony to są Termopile”). The illustrations in the article are photographs of oil paintings, depicting legionary commanders, made by the multi-talented artist Piotr Rafałko.
Artykuł dotyczy pieśni Legionów Polskich Józefa Piłsudskiego. Pieśń Legionowa jest przykładem twórczości inspirowanej zdarzeniami z leguńskiego życia i postaciami dowódców tej formacji wojskowej. To twórczość stanowiąca ważny dowód historycznych wydarzeń z okresu walki o niepodległość, często niewysublimowana, jak w przypadku piosenki „Haniś moja Haniś”, ale niepozbawiona autentyzmu, czasem nader profesjonalna, czego przykładem jest „Pieśń o miłym Wodzu” Zygmunta Pomarańskiego. Nierzadko opiewająca chwałę legionowych przywódców, innym razem odsłaniająca ich wady, czasem zabawna, kiedy indziej tęskna, pełna żalu i niezgody na niesprawiedliwy los. W artykule znalazły się analizy formalne „Pieśni o miłym Wodzu” Zygmunta Pomarańskiego oraz znanej nam dzisiaj wersji „Marsza Pierwszej Brygady” (Pieśni Reprezentacyjnej Wojska Polskiego). Ponadto artykuł zawiera opracowanie na głos i orkiestrę dętą, nieznanej powszechnie, popularnej w okresie walk legionowych pieśni – „Legiony to są Termopile”. Zawarte w artykule ilustracje to fotografie obrazów olejnych, przedstawiające legionowych dowódców, wykonane przez artystę Piotra Rafałko.
Źródło:
Studia i Materiały Centralnej Biblioteki Wojskowej; 2018, 2(9); 77-100
2354-0435
2719-8618
Pojawia się w:
Studia i Materiały Centralnej Biblioteki Wojskowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Józef Piłsudski o „Legionach” i legionistach
Joseph Pilsudski on “Legions” and legionaries
Autorzy:
Bryła, Władysława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/497001.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim
Tematy:
Legiony Polskie
wartości wojskowe
retoryka
rozkaz
Polish Legions
military values
command
rhetoric
Opis:
W artykule autorka prezentuje sylwetkę Józefa Piłsudskiego i jego wypowiedzi o powstawaniu i walkach ,,Legionów.” Piłsudski był sprawnym narratorem, który w swoich ,,Pismach” wykorzystywał różne konwencje gatunkowe (np. baśń, reportaż, wspomnienie) i stylistyczne, z dużą emocjonalnością i bardzo częstym wartościowaniem osób i otaczającej go rzeczywistości.
The paper presents the person of Joseph Pilsudski and his comments on the formation of “Legions” and the battles they fought. Pilsudski was a skilled narrator and resorted to a variety of genre conventions (such as fairy tale, reportage, memoir) and stylistic devices which were loaded emotionally and frequently evaluative with respect to people and the surrounding reality.
Źródło:
Język. Religia. Tożsamość; 2019, 2(20); 95-108
2083-8964
2544-1701
Pojawia się w:
Język. Religia. Tożsamość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Limanowszczyzna wobec Legionów Polskich i C. K. armii w pierwszym roku Wielkiej Wojny. Studium przypadku małego galicyjskiego powiatu
The Limanów Region, the Polish Legions and the Imperial-Royal Army in the First Year of the Great War. A case Study of a Small Galician City
Autorzy:
Lis, Tomasz Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375455.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Limanowa
Polish Legions
World War I
Galicja
Legiony Polskie
I wojna światowa
Opis:
This article examines the relations that existed between soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian Army, especially those belonging to the Polish Legions, and the inhabitants of Limanowa during World War I. I show similarities and differences between the local attitudes towards the Imperial-Royal Army at large and those towards the Legions. In Polish historiography, scholars tend to write that people from Limanowa helped the legionaries from the beginning, more so than other Galician prefectures (powiaty). Based on documents from the National Archive of Kraków and relevant literature, including reminiscences, I verify this view and demonstrate that propaganda from the interwar period changed the perception of this episode.
Źródło:
Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne; 2021, 12; 126-143
2450-4475
Pojawia się w:
Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Organizacja pomocy legionistom i żołnierzom Wojska Polskiego w Zwierzyńcu w latach 1915-1922
Autorzy:
Konefał, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Zwierzyniec
Zamość
League of Women
Legions
General National Committee
Association of the Polish Army
Opis:
The paper attempts to show the overall efforts made by society to help the legionnaires and soldiers of the Polish Army in the years 1915-1922. This is shown on the example of Zwierzyniec, a small town in South-East Poland, with a large group of people who were involved in charitable work there. The questions addressed in the paper enrich our knowledge about the history of Zwierzyniec, the Zamość administrative unit, and all the Lublin region during the First World War. In the light of the archival sources, which have been unknown so far, the paper discusses such organizations as: the League of Women, the Committee for the Care about Legionnaires, the Society of Friends of the Polish Soldier. Such associations as those mentioned, had their counterparts in Lublin and in other Polish towns.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2001, 49, 2; 221-248
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O dwu pieśniach kryzysu przysięgowego
On two songs of the Oath crisis
Autorzy:
Skała, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Legion's song
the Oath crisis
a beggar's song
a news story
Polish Legions 1914-1918
Opis:
The paper is dedicated to two soldiers’ songs from the second half of 1917, written in the atmosphere of rebellion of the Polish Legions against the Central Powers. The turning point in the history of Polish military units during the First World War, which was caused by the so-called Oath crisis, for the demilitarised and interned soldiers, was the time of fighting by means of word, rather than weapon. However, they manifested their pride and perseverance of the Polish soldier, using mockery. Occasional poetic works – Dziadowska pieśń żałobna o odwrocie legionów spod Warszawy and Santa Lucia – shaped the independence ethos on the basis of a solid foundation of folklore and literary tradition (using e.g. the convention of ‘a beggar’s song’ and ‘a news story’). Arrogance and an ironic attitude, expressed in songs, conceal the real tragic situation of the soldiers – who were deprived of the chance to serve the Nation for being disobedient towards the German army. Szczypiorno and Beniaminów – places to which they were interned – are elevated to the rank of symbols of defiance and contempt for the invaders and constitute a significant element of the legend surrounding Piłsudski’s Legions.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria; 2018, 18; 59-74
2081-1853
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Historicolitteraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Major Jan Styliński – z Tarnowa przez Lwów do Wrocławia – życiorys irredentysty
Major Jan Styliński – from Tarnów via Lviv to Wrocław - biography of an irredentist
Autorzy:
Głowiński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185326.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Historyczny
Tematy:
Polish irredentist
5th Legions Infantry Regiment
1918 liberation of Tarnów
1939 defence of Lviv
Opis:
The article presents a biography of Jan Styliński (1897–1962), soldier of the Polish Legions, district commander of the Polish Military Organisation in Tarnów (1918), veteran of the Polish-Soviet War, officer of the Polish Army, veteran of the 1939 campaign, and later officer of the underground structures of the Union of Armed Struggle/Home Army. After the end of World War II, he moved to Wrocław, where he was forced to go into hiding until 1956 under the name of Jan Szeligowski. The author uses previously unknown archival materials in his text.
Źródło:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka; 2018, 73, 2; 87-118
0037-7511
2658-2082
Pojawia się w:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nałęczów w czasie I wojny światowej – wybrane wydarzenia
Nałęczów during World War I – selected events
Autorzy:
Babinicz-Witucka, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Nałęczów
I wojna światowa
Komitet Obywatelski
Komitet Ratunkowy
Wydział Narodowy
Legiony Polskie
6 pułk piechoty Legionów Polskich
World War I
Citizens’ Committee
Rescue Committee
National Division
Polish Legions
6th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Legions
Opis:
The article refers to certain events from World War I, which took place in Nałęczów and its nearby areas. Their direct witnesses were four inhabitants of that town: two authors of the diaries – Łucja Hornowska and Jadwiga Malewska, the author of the memoirs – Mieczysław Rogalski, and Zbigniew Czarkowski – a local photographer. There were no fights in Nałęczów, however, the local health resort infrastructure, as well as the numerous guest houses for patients were used for military purposes as medical infrastructure for the front and places of accommodation. At the end of September 1914, the Russian field hospital of the 87th Brigade of the 145th Novocherkassk Infantry Regiment was installed in the town. The authors of memoirs and diaries describe the sounds of artilleries of the sides fighting with each other during the Galicia Operation (18 August – 11 September 1914), in particular, during the battles of Komarów and Kraśnik, and recollect hundreds of wounded people brought to Nałęczów. Further descriptions are connected with the battles of Warsaw and Ivangorod (Dęblin) on 28 June – 8 November 1914 and with the march-past of the forces taking part in those events. In May 1915, after the battle of Gorlice, Nałęczów witnessed the withdrawal of Russian forces and a short stay of Duke of Oldenburg, a chief of common evacuation. The evacuation of Russians through Nałęczów lasted until the end of July 1915. At that time, General Stegman’s artillery brigade, General Mishchenko’s corpse, General Ragoza’s corpse and General Kisielewski’s brigade marched through that area. Austrian and German forces marched into Nałęczów on 30 July 1915. Soon after, the Germans withdrew and the region of Nałęczów found itself under the Austro-Hungarian occupation. The capital of the newly-formed government was established by Austrians in Lublin on 1 October 1915. In early autumn, Archduke Joseph Ferdinand was lodged in Nałęczów for nearly two weeks. The military activities, which continued from the summer 1914, made the life of civilians very difficult. In order to counteract the difficulties, on 10 August 1914, in Nałęczów, like in the entire Congress Poland, by consent of the authorities, the Citizens’ Committee was established. In autumn 1915, after the Main Rescue Committee had been established in the territory under the Austrian occupation, the Citizens’ Committee was renamed the Rescue Committee with the scope of activities similar to the one of the Citizens’ Committee. After the Russians had left Congress Poland, the independence movement had greater opportunities for development, since Austrian authorities gave much of a freedom to local organizations. The independence movement, inspired by National Divisions, formed in many locations, developed under the Austrian occupation. One of the National Divisions was also created in Nałęczów. On its initiative, important anniversaries, like the anniversary of the January Uprising or the 125th anniversary of adopting the Constitution of May 3, were celebrated. In November 1916, the 6th Infantry Regiment of Polish Legions came for a rest to Nałęczów and quartered there for over a month. The legionists initiated the Polish Military Organization and an underground recruit school in the town. All events important for the town were documented by Zbigniew Czarkowski, a local photographer. He is also the author of most of the photographs illustrating the article.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 1; 5-22
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przywrócić pamięć o gen. Dywizji Michale Tokarzewskim - Karaszewiczu
To restore the memory of major general Michał Tokarzewski - Karaszewicz
Autorzy:
Małecki, Z. J.
Staszewski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczo-Rozwojowy Inżynierii Lądowej i Wodnej Euroexbud
Tematy:
gen. dyw. M. Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz
Legiony Polskie
Kalisz
odznaczenia
Major General Michał Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz
Polish Legions
orders
Opis:
Gen. dyw. Michał Tokarzewski – Karaszewicz urodził się w styczniu 1893 roku we Lwowie. Studiując medycynę na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim w Krakowie wstąpił w szeregi Związku Walki Czynnej i Związku Strzeleckiego. Dowódca V batalionu w I brygadzie Legionów Polskich Józefa Piłsudskiego. Dowódca 25 Kaliskiej Dywizji Piechoty w latach 1931- 1935 w Kaliszu. We wrześniu w 1939r. gen. bryg. M. Tokarzewski – Karaszewicz był dowódcą w Armii „Pomorze” dowodzonej przez gen. dyw. Wł. Bortnowskiego. Gen. Römmel 19 września powołał go na swojego zastępcę Armii „Warszawa”, zorganizował Służbę Zwycięstwa Polski. Aresztowany w 1940r. w okolicach Jarosławia przez władze Sowieckie. Po podpisaniu umowy Sikorski – Majski i rozpoczęciu organizacji Wojska Polskiego z Związku Radzieckim wstąpił w jej szeregi. W marcu 1943 roku zastępca dowódcy Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie a następnie do grudnia 1944 roku był dowódcą organizującego się III Korpusu Polskiego. Po demobilizacji pozostał na emigracji. Zmarł w Casablance (Maroko) 22 maja 1964r. a pochowany został w Londynie, odznaczony Komandorskim i Srebrnym Krzyżem Orderu Wojennego Virtuiti Militari, Orderem Polonia Restituta III i IV klasy , Krzyżem Niepodległości z Mieczami, czterokrotnie Krzyżem Walecznych, dwukrotnie Złotym Krzyżem Zasługi z Mieczami.
Major General Michał Tokarzewski -Karaszewicz was born in January 1893 in Lvov. While studying medicine at Jagiellonian University in Cracow he joined the Union for Active Resistance (Związek Walki Czynnej in Polish) and the Riflemen's Association. He was the commander of the Fifth Battalion in I Legion of Józef Piłsudski's Polish Legions. He was the commander of 25 Division of Kalisz Infantry between 1931 and 1935 in Kalisz. In September 1939 Major General Michał Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz was a commander in the Pomerania Army commanded by Major General Władysław Bortnowski. On 19 September General Römmel appointed him his Vice -Commander in the Warsaw Army. Major General Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz organized Service for Poland's Victory. He was arrested in 1940 near Jarosław by Soviet authorities. After Sikorski-Majski agreement was signed and the formation of the Polish Army in the Soviet Union started Major General Tokarzewski – Karaszewicz joined the newly formed army. In March 1943 he was the vice-commander of the Polish Army in the East and until December 1944 he was the commander of the Third Polish Corps, which was being organized at that time. After the demobilization he stayed abroad as an expatriate. He died in Casablanca(Morocco) on 22 May 1966 and was buried in London. He was decorated with Commander's and Silver Cross of the War Order of Virtuti Militari,the Order of Polonia Restituta of the third and fourth class, the First Class Cross of the Order of Independence ,The Cross of Valor (four times), Gold Cross of Merit with Swords (twice).
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Lądowa i Wodna w Kształtowaniu Środowiska; 2015, 13; 85-90
2082-6702
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Lądowa i Wodna w Kształtowaniu Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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