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Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
Two component modified Lilliefors test for normality
Autorzy:
Sulewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
Opis:
Research background: Commonly known and used parametric tests e.g. Student, Behrens? Fisher, Snedecor, Bartlett, Cochran, Hartley tests are applicable when there is an evidence that samples come from the Normal general population. What makes things worse is that testers are not fully aware in what degree of abnormality distorts results of parametric tests listed above and suchlike. So, it is no exaggeration to say that testing for normality (goodness-of-fit testing, GoFT) is a gate to proper parametric statistical reasoning. It seems that the gate opens too easily. In other words, most popular goodness-of-fit tests are weaker than statisticians want them to be. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of this paper is to put forward the GoFT that is, in particular circumstances, more powerful than GoFTs used until now. The other goals are to define a similarity measure between an alternative distribution and the normal one and to calculate the power of normality tests for a big set of alternatives. And, of course, to interest statisticians in using the GoFTs in their practice. Method: There are two ways to make GoFT more powerful: extensive and intensive one. The extensive method consists in drawing large samples. The intensive method consists in extracting more information from mall samples. In order to make the test method intensive, the test statistics, as distinct from all existing GoFTs, has two components. The first component (denoted by ?) is a classic Kolmogorov / Lilliefors test statistics i.e. the greatest absolute difference between theoretical and empirical cumulative distribution functions. The second component is the order statistics (r) at which the ?_max^((r) ) locate itself. Of course ?_max^((r) ) is the conditional random variable with (r) being the condition. Large scale Monte Carlo simulations provided data sufficient to in-depth study of properties of distributions of ?_max^((r) ) random variable. Findings & value-added: Simulation study shows that the Two Component Modified Lilliefors test for normality is the most powerful for some type of alternatives, especially for the symmetrical, unimodal and bimodal distributions with positive excess kurtosis, for symmetrical and unimodal distributions with negative excess kurtosis and small sample sizes. Due to the values of skewness and excess kurtosis, and the defined similarity measure between the ND and an alternative, alternative distributions are close to the normal distribution. Numerous examples of real data show the usefulness of the proposed GoFT.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2021, 16, 2; 429-455
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Testing for Long-Range Dependence in Financial Time Series
Autorzy:
Mangat, Manveer Kaur
Reschenhofer, Erhard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076133.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
long-range dependence
fractionally integrated process
frequencydomain test
Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit-test
Opis:
Various trading strategies have been proposed that use estimates of the Hurst coefficient, which is an indicator of long-range dependence, for the calculation of buy and sell signals. This paper introduces frequency-domain tests for longrange dependence which do, in contrast to conventional procedures, not assume that the number of used periodogram ordinates grow with the length of the time series. These tests are applied to series of gold price returns and stock index returns in a rolling analysis. The results suggest that there is no long-range dependence, indicating that trading strategies based on fractal dynamics have no sound statistical basis.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2019, 2; 93-106
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation study of two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in randomly censored data
Test zgodności Kotmogorowa-Smirnowa dla danych losowo cenzurowanych - analiza symulacyjna
Autorzy:
Rossa, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905373.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
censored data
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
Monte Carlo simulations
Opis:
W artykule przedstawione są trzy wersje testu zgodności Kołmogorowa-Smimowa dla danych prawostronnie cenzurowanych. Poszczególne testy różnią się sposobem podejścia do obserwacji cenzurowanych. Moc testów została zbadana i porównana za pomocą symulacji Monte Carlo.
The paper deals with a problem of testing the non-parametric hypothesis that two populations are equally distributed in the situation when the observations are subject to random censoring. A general metric for measuring the distance between two distributions is the Kolmogorov metric and the corresponding test is the Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. In the report below we present results of a simulation study performed for three versions of the Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for censored data. These three versions are generated by three methods of treating censored observations. Basic statistical properties of these tests are inspected by means of Monte Carlo simulations.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2002, 156
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Results of the verification of the statistical distribution model of microseismicity emission characteristics
Wyniki weryfikacji modelu opisującego rozkład statystyczny cech emisji sejsmoakustycznej
Autorzy:
Cianciara, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/219233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
emisja sejsmoakustyczna
pękanie górotworu
cechy emisji sejsmoakustycznej
dystrybuanta empiryczna
rozkład Weibull’a
test Kołmogorowa
statystyki wartości maksymalnych
microseismicity emission
rock burst
empirical distribution
Weibull distribution
Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test
hazard analysis
maximum value statistics
Opis:
The paper presents the results of research aimed at verifying the hypothesis that the Weibull distribution is an appropriate statistical distribution model of microseismicity emission characteristics, namely: energy of phenomena and inter-event time. It is understood that the emission under consideration is induced by the natural rock mass fracturing. Because the recorded emission contain noise, therefore, it is subjected to an appropriate filtering. The study has been conducted using the method of statistical verification of null hypothesis that the Weibull distribution fits the empirical cumulative distribution function. As the model describing the cumulative distribution function is given in an analytical form, its verification may be performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit test. Interpretations by means of probabilistic methods require specifying the correct model describing the statistical distribution of data. Because in these methods measurement data are not used directly, but their statistical distributions, e.g., in the method based on the hazard analysis, or in that that uses maximum value statistics.
Problematyka oceny stopnia zagrożenia tąpaniami jest niezwykle ważnym zagadnieniem i do tej pory nie w pełni rozwiązanym. Wstrząsy występują głównie w rejonach zrobów (Cianciara & Cianciara, 2006). Mogą również występować na wybiegu ściany, na skutek uginania się stropu (Marcak, 2012), obserwuje się wówczas wzmożoną aktywność pękania górotworu, co jest przyczyną powstawania emisji sejsmicznej. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu weryfikację hipotezy, że rozkład Weibull’a stanowi właściwy model opisujący rozkłady statystyczne cech emisji sejsmoakustycznej, a mianowicie: energii zjawisk, odstępów czasu między zjawiskami. Przyjmuje się, że emisja, będąca przedmiotem rozważań, wywołana jest naturalnym pękaniem górotworu. Jednak w praktyce rejestrowana emisja, oprócz zjawisk związanych z pękaniem, może zawierać zakłócenia. Dlatego, na potrzebę badania modelu, jest ona poddawana odpowiednim zabiegom celem usunięcia tych zakłóceń. Badanie prowadzone jest metodą statystycznej weryfikacji hipotezy zerowej o zgodności dystrybuant (rozkładów) empirycznych z dystrybuantą zadaną a priori w formie rozkładu Weibull’a. Ponieważ model opisujący dystrybuantę hipotetyczną jest zadany w formie analitycznej, dlatego jego weryfikację można prowadzić stosując test λ Kołmogorowa. Interpretacje prowadzone metodami probabilistycznymi wymagają określenia właściwego modelu opisującego rozkład statystyczny danych pomiarowych. Ponieważ w metodach tych nie wykorzystuje się bezpośrednio danych pomiarowych, lecz ich rozkłady statystyczne, np. w metodzie opartej na analizie hazardu, czy też wykorzystującej statystyki wartości maksymalnych. W trakcie badań stwierdzono, że w około 95% badanych przypadków nie było podstaw do odrzucenia hipotezy zerowej o zgodności rozkładów empirycznych z modelem w formie rozkładu Weibull`a.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2016, 61, 3; 489-496
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podobieństwo województw w Polsce pod względem rozkładu wydatków ich mieszkańców
Similarity of voivodeships in Poland in terms of their residents’ distribution of expenditures
Autorzy:
Turczak, Anna
Zwiech, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/570136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
distribution of expenditures
total expenditures per capita
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
households
taxonomy
Opis:
The purpose of the paper was to determine the degree of similarity between the distribution of total monthly expenditures per capita in the individual voivodeships and to single out voivodeships most similar in that respect. All calculations were carried out based on non-identifiable individual data from the household budget survey by the Central Statistical Office. What is really important is the fact that surveying budgets by the CSO is conducted using the representative method, which allows for the generalization of the obtained results over all households in Poland. The paper included 37,427 analyzed households which were grouped into sixteen statistical populations with respect to the voivodeships. Two research tasks were implemented. The first concerned verification whether the distribution of spending per capita in individual voivodeships was the same. In order to complete this task relevant statistical hypotheses were set and verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The verification procedure was performed for each pair of voivodeships, i.e. one hundred and twenty times.The significance level of 0.01 was adopted, and therefore the risk of rejection of a true hypothesis was only 1 in 100 cases. The finalization of the first task has allowed the conclusion that the observed differences between the distributions of total monthly spending per capita in individual voivodeships of Poland are statistically significant, and thus the variable which is the subject of research has a different distribution in each of the voivodeships. The second research task was to divide the voivodeships into groups of most similar distributions. In order to accomplish this task the Wrocław taxonomy was employed. As a measure of the degree of similarity of distributions λ (lambda) statistic was used, which is based on the maximum absolute value of the difference between two empirical cumulative distribution functions. On the basis of the value of the λ statistic calculated for each of the pairs of distributions the sixteen voivodeships were divided into three uniform classes. This division resulted in the creation of a single-element group, one eight-element group and one seven-element group. The single-element group comprised the Mazovian voivodeship, the eight-element group included the Lower Silesian, Silesian, Pomeranian, Opole, Łódź, West Pomeranian, Lesser Poland and Lubuskie voivodeships, and the seven-element group comprised the Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Podlaskie, Lublin, Greater Poland, Świętokrzyskie, Warmia-Mazury and Podkarpackie voivodeships. In 2012, the average monthly spending in the individual voivodeships amounted to: in the Mazovian voiv. PLN 1,330 per person, in the Lower Silesian PLN 1,139 per person, in the Silesian voiv. PLN 1,123 per person, in the Pomeranian voiv. PLN 1,081 per person, in the Opole voiv. PLN 1,079 per person, in the Łódź voiv. PLN 1,075 per person, in the West Pomeranian voiv. PLN 1,057 per person, in the Lesser Poland voiv. PLN 998 per person, in the Lubuskie voiv. PLN 996 per person, in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voiv. PLN 947 per person, in the Podlaskie voiv. PLN 939 per person, in the Lublin voiv. PLN 938 per person, in the Greater Poland voiv. PLN 931 per person, in the Świętokrzyskie voiv. PLN 884 per person, in the Warmia-Mazury voiv. PLN 865 per person and in the Podkarpackie voiv. PLN 848 per person. In turn, the average difference in monthly spending of residents of the Mazovian voivodeship in 2012 amounted to PLN 1,171 per person, the Lower Silesian voiv. PLN 854 per person, the Silesian voiv. PLN 783 per person, the Pomeranian voiv. PLN 843 per person, the Opole voiv. PLN 606 per person, the Łódź voiv. PLN 755 per person, the West Pomeranian voiv. PLN 731 per person, the Lesser Poland voiv. PLN 649 per person, the Lubuskie voiv. PLN 581 per person, the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voiv. PLN 635 per person, the Podlaskie voiv. PLN 712 per person, the Lublin voiv. PLN 793 per person, the Greater Poland voiv. PLN 675 per person, the Świętokrzyskie voiv. PLN 578 per person, the Warmia-Mazury voiv. PLN 700 per person, the Podkarpackie voiv. PLN 478 per person.
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2015, 3 (7); 100-112
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena przydatności wybranych funkcji do modelowania rozkładu pierśnic w drzewostanach olszy czarnej (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Evaluation of usefulness of selected functions for modeling distribution of breast height diameter in black alder stands (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)
Autorzy:
Orzeł, S.
Pogoda, P.
Ochał, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/988989.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany olszowe
struktura grubosci
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
piersnice drzew
rozklad piersnic
rozklad teoretyczny
aproksymacja
modelowanie
funkcja gestosci prawdopodobienstwa
test Kolmogorowa-Smirnowa
diameter at breast height
diameter distribution
probability density function
kolmogorov−smirnov test
Opis:
We evaluated the usefulness of ten theoretical probability density functions for the approximation of the breast height diameter distributions in managed alder stands growing in the western part of the Sandomierz Basin (southern Poland). The study material consisted of measurement results for 22,530 alders obtained for 844 circular sample plots, established in 163 stands aged 6−89. In the area of particular stands, from 2 to 10 age−dependent circular sample plots sized 0.01−0.10 ha were systematically arranged. We evaluated the following theoretical probability distributions: normal (N), double normal (P−N), Johnson SB (J), Weibull (W), beta (B), Burr (Bu), gamma (G), log−normal (L−N), log−logistic (L−L) and Birnbaum−Saunders (B−S). Additionally the usefulness of the W, B, Bu, G, L−N, L−L and B−S distributions with omitted location parameter was tested. The goodness−of−fit of each probability density function was assessed based on the Kolmogorov−Smirnov statistic, the root mean square error and ranks established on their basis. It was found that DBH distribution of majority stands is characterized by right−sided asymmetry and negative kurtosis. It was showed that the best distribution for the breast height diameter structure approximation of alder stands is the Johnson SB (J) distribution. To describe the frequency of thickness, normal (N) and log−logistic (L−L) distribution should not be used. Elimination of location parameter significantly affects usefulness of probability density functions to modeling empirical distributions of breast height diameter. Gamma and Burr distributions with omitted location parameter gave the best results in description the frequency of breast height diameter. In certain situations, these distributions can also be used to describe the structure of breast height diameter of alder stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 101-113
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normality assumption for the log-return of the stock prices
Autorzy:
Mota, Pedro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
Anderson-Darling
Black-Scholes
Geometric Brownian motion
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Log-return
Normality test
Shapiro-Wilks
Opis:
The normality of the log-returns for the price of the stocks is one of the most important assumptions in mathematical finance. Usually is assumed that the price dynamics of the stocks are driven by geometric Brownian motion and, in that case, the log-return of the prices are independent and normally distributed. For instance, for the Black-Scholes model and for the Black-Scholes pricing formula [4] this is one of the main assumptions. In this paper we will investigate if this assumption is verified in the real world, that is, for a large number of company stock prices we will test the normality assumption for the log-return of their prices. We will apply the Kolmogorov-Smirnov [10, 5], the Shapiro-Wilks [17, 16] and the Anderson-Darling [1, 2] tests for normality to a wide number of company prices from companies quoted in the Nasdaq composite index.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2012, 32, 1-2; 47-58
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An accurate fingerprint reference point determination method based on curvature estimation of separated ridges
Autorzy:
Doroz, R.
Wrobel, K.
Porwik, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/331403.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
biometrics
image processing
fingerprint recognition
Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistical test
reference point
biometria
przetwarzanie obrazu
rozpoznawanie linii papilarnych
test statystyczny
punkt odniesienia
Opis:
This paper presents an effective method for the detection of a fingerprint’s reference point by analyzing fingerprint ridges’ curvatures. The proposed approach is a multi-stage system. The first step extracts the fingerprint ridges from an image and transforms them into chains of discrete points. In the second step, the obtained chains of points are processed by a dedicated algorithm to detect corners and other points of highest curvature on their planar surface. In a series of experiments we demonstrate that the proposed method based on this algorithm allows effective determination of fingerprint reference points. Furthermore, the proposed method is relatively simple and achieves better results when compared with the approaches known from the literature. The reference point detection experiments were conducted using publicly available fingerprint databases FVC2000, FVC2002, FVC2004 and NIST.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2018, 28, 1; 209-225
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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