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Tytuł:
Pojęcie osoby – jedno czy wiele?
Autorzy:
Zyzik, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
ethics
law
neuroscience
person
Gordijn B.
Kant I.
LeDoux J.
Locke J.
Opis:
The paper posits the thesis that there is more than one concept of the person. Depending on the discipline where it appears, there are legal, neurobiological, philosophical and theological concepts of the person. The concept of the person can be analyzed from four different perspectives. The results suggests that each discipline has its own definition of the person with specific meaning and function.
The paper posits the thesis that there is more than one concept of the person. Depending on the discipline where it appears, there are legal, neurobiological, philosophical and theological concepts of the person.The concept of the person can be analyzed from four different perspectives. The results suggests that each discipline has its own definition of the person with specific meaning and function.
Źródło:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki; 2012, 2
2391-6540
2083-9952
Pojawia się w:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koniec wieku poetów? O zszyciach literatury i filozofii
The End of the Age of Poets? Stitching Together Literature and Philosophy
Autorzy:
Zawadzki, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32049694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
logos and mythos
categories of philosophy
poetics
transcendentalism
dialectics
hermeneutics
deconstruction
Plato
Aristotle
Kant
Hegel,
Hegel
Dilthey
Nietzsche
de Unamuno
Heidegger
Adorno
Blanchot
Derrida
De Man
Ricoeur
Schegel
Novalis
Mallarmé
Opis:
The article presents an attempt to outline, from a mainly typological and partly historical perspective, what the author considers the most important varieties of the relationship between philosophy and literature (which is, of course, understood here in a working and broad sense, as poesis). In the first of these varieties, for which the fundamental significance is Plato’s gesture of excluding poets from the state, the philosophical logos defines itself in opposition to literature, or mythos. In the second, which appears to predominate from Aristotle to the 18th century, the relationship between philosophy and literature takes on a more neutral character: the former provides the latter with motifs, themes, topics, mainly related to moral philosophy in the broadest sense, while the latter provides the former with discursive modes, such as genre. Modern aesthetics and the philosophy and theory of literature (fundamentally different from the tradition of the great poets and rhetoricians of the 16th and 17th centuries), which emerged together with transcendental philosophy and its reception in German Romanticism, contributed both to the increased interest among philosophers in literature and to a clear embedding, or even closing, of literature in philosophical notions, which originated mainly in the tradition of transcendentalism and dialectical thought. Finally, the beginning of the twentieth century is distinguished, in most of the major continental philosophical traditions, by a tendency to seek, or to find, in literature the most important partner of philosophical thinking, and sometimes even the identity of philosophy.
Źródło:
Przestrzenie Teorii; 2022, 37; 121-144
2450-5765
Pojawia się w:
Przestrzenie Teorii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hannah Arendt, prawo do posiadania praw i wyzwania współczesności
Hannah Arendt, the right to have rights and contemporary challenges
Autorzy:
Wyrębska-Ðermanović, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18653954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Arendt
Kant
Benhabib
Höffe
prawa człowieka
migranci
obywatelstwo
the rights of man
migrants
nationality
citizenship
Opis:
The article delivers a commentary to Hannah Arendt’s 1949 essay The Rights of Man. What Are They? The author argues, that the concept of “the right to have rights”, which Arendt introduced in this early text, bears significant relevance for contemporary political situation worldwide. The subsequent parts of the article (1) present the two fundamental features of the situation of the rightless, which are brought up by Arendt, (2) describe “the right to have rights” as an insurmountable problem of modern times and (3) refer to possible solutions of the issue proposed by O. Höffe and S. Benhabib.
Źródło:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris; 2020, 48, 1; 1-12
1689-4286
Pojawia się w:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O argumencie moralnym za istnieniem Boga
On the Moral Argument for the Existence of God
Autorzy:
Wojtysiak, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
argumenty na istnienie Boga
moralność (etyka)
Immanuel Kant
rekonstrukcja logiczna (logika)
najwyższe dobro
szczęście
arguments for the existence of God
morality (ethics)
logical reconstruction (logic)
the ultimate good
happiness
Opis:
The text analyses various examples of moral arguments for the existence of God. Taking advantage of the ideas from the writings of Kant and his interpreters, we sought to reconstruct them logically, conferring on them a form as reliable as possible. All the arguments have been divided into three groups: practical version, theoretical version, mixed version (thought to be optimal).1) Practical version. It starts from our desires, beliefs, obligations etc. and combines them with desires, beliefs, and obligations with regard to God. There are different varieties of this version. We have discussed in more detail its deontic variety based on the assumption: „we should carry out the ultimate good” (the state of happiness conditioned by virtue). Owing additional assumptions (conceptual and psychological) and corresponding simple logical operations we arrive at the conclusion: „we should believe that God exists.” Reliability, however, of such a week conclusion is undermined by the ambiguous character of the statement „we should carry out the ultimate good.” Rather, we should say that we are obliged to carry out moral law, and thereby expect a just reward. Faith in God is conducive to such efforts, inasmuch as they refer to the morality comprehended in a maximalist manner, justice, and happiness.2) Theoretical version. We have pinpointed its two varieties: „the requirement of the lawgiver” and „the requirement of justice.” In the first variety on the basis of the existence of morality we deduce the existence of God as its „author,” for no other creature has a corresponding power, moral and metaphysical, to establish (execute) universal and unconditional moral obligations. In the second variety God appears to safeguard the carrying out a just reward (punishment, inherent in morality itself) for the satisfaction (violation) of these obligations. The debate about the value of the first argument is reduced to the debate about whether morality is indeed characterised by such features whose existence cannot be explained without reference to God. The main debate connected with the second argument is whether the fact of morality entails the ontic (not only deontic) necessity of a just judgement (and its related reward or punishment) of those who are submitted to morality.3) Mixed version. According to some varieties of the practical version, it takes on a human desire to reach the ultimate good at the point of departure. This desire, natural and right, regards the existence of this good as an indicator. Hence it is possible to transfer from the practical sphere to the theoretical one. If it is well-known that the ultimate good exists, we can ask about its cause. Reasoning – similar to the one given in the previous point – leads to a belief that God is this cause. One may doubt, however, whether our natural and right desires are always reliable indicators that their objects exist.4) The above analyses have unveiled the assumptions and difficulties of all the versions of the family of arguments under consideration. Does this mean that the arguments are not efficient? Not in the least. This means only that they are efficient under certain conditions. These conditions, like anything in philosophy, make up the object of everlasting debates.
Źródło:
Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2004, 52, 2; 391-428
0035-7685
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Filozoficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Leon Petrażycki’s criticism of the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Analysis from the perspective of philosophy and social ethics as well as the principles of law and morality policy
Autorzy:
Wójtowicz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-01
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Religioznawcze
Tematy:
Petrażycki
Kant
transcendentalism
criticism
psychologism
ethics
morality
Opis:
Leon Petrażycki’s attitude to the Kantian Philosophy was negative, he found it as “mystification” in which: “darkness and complexity compete with oddity and absurdity” (Petrażycki, 1939, p. IV). In Leon Petrażycki’s opinion, the philosophy of Immanuel Kant was a cause of collapse of philosophy, impediment to development and progress as well as decay of many minds. According to L. Petrażycki, an alternative shall be the accomplishment of the “common love” ethical ideal, strive for establishment of perfect society consisting of well-socialized citizens. The ethical ideal shall be accomplished in line with the law and morality policy instead of the Kantian critical philosophy and formal ethics.
Źródło:
Przegląd Religioznawczy; 2021, 3/281; 179-188
1230-4379
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Religioznawczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czyste pojęcia intelektu oraz transcendentalna jedność apercepcji jako źródła dialektyki Hegla
Autorzy:
Wodziński, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/644241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
reine Begriffe des Verstandes
transzendentale Einheit der Aperzeption
Hegels Kritik von Kant
intellektuelle Anschauung
pure concepts of understanding
transcendental unity of apperception
Hegel’s critique of Kant
intellectual intuition
czyste pojęcia intelektu
transcendentalna jedność apercepcji
Hegla krytyka Kanta
ogląd intelektualny
Opis:
Die im vorliegenden Artikel durchgeführte Analyse macht deutlich, welchen Einfluss Kants Tafel der reinen Begriffe des Verstandes und die in ihrem Rahmen erscheinenden Beziehungen zwischen einzelnen Kategorien als Inspiration für die Entstehung des Hegelschen Entwurfes der Dialektik hatte. Wie es gezeigt wurde, gründen die in der Wissenschaft der Logik entwickelten Begriffe wie Anfang, Einheit der Vielfalt, Werden oder Sein auf Kantischen Kategorien der Allgemeinheit, der Relation und der Qualität. In Anlehnung an Kantische Kategorien aus der Gruppe der Modalität schafft Hegel seine Dialektik des Notwendigen, indem er das Zufällige (was jedoch bei Kant das Mögliche ist) mit dem Seienden verbindet. Außer einer genauen Untersuchung der "Abstammung" dieser Entlehnungen, verweist der Artikel auch darauf, dass solche Konzepte wie die transzendentale Einheit der Aperzeption, intuitiver Verstand, die Idee der Unsterblichkeit der Seele und das allgemeine Primat der praktischen Vernunft vor der theoretischen (Fichte und Schellling übernahmen es von Kant) zur Grundlage von Hegels Entwurf des Absoluten in der uns heute bekannten Form wurden.
Analyzed  is the impact  that Kant’s table of pure concepts of understanding and the relations between its specific categories had on Hegel’s dialectics concept. The author observes that concepts which appear in the first part of Science of Logic such as Beginning, Unity of Multiplicity, Mediation or  Being are based on Kant’s categories such as Totality, Relation or Quality. Also based on Kant’s categories, but  those from the modality group, Hegel creates his dialectics of what is necessary by combining that which is accidental ( yet possible, in Kant’s case) with that which is existing. Aside from a precise analysis of the “heritage” of these references, the author notes that concepts such as transcendental unity of apperception, intuitive intellect, the idea of soul immortality and the overall domination of practical reason over the theoretical  one (taken by Fichte and Schelling from Kant), became the foundation of Hegel’s concept of Absolute in the shape that we know it now.
Analiza przeprowadzona w niniejszym artykule pokazuje, jak wpływową inspiracją dla stworzenia przez Hegla swojej koncepcji dialektyki była Kantowska tablica czystych pojęć intelektu i pojawiające się w jej obrębie relacje między poszczególnymi kategoriami. Jak zostało wykazane pojawiające się w Nauce Logiki pojęcia, takie jak początek, jedność wielości, stawanie się czy istnienie, bazują na Kantowskich kategoriach ogółu, stosunku, czy jakości. Również w oparciu o Kantowskie kategorie, lecz tym razem z grupy modalności, Hegel tworzy swoją dialektykę tego, co konieczne, łącząc ze sobą to, co przypadkowe (a u Kanta możliwe) z tym, co istniejące. Oprócz dokładnej analizy „rodowodu” tych zapożyczeń, artykuł wskazuje również, że takie koncepcje, jak transcendentalna jedność apercepcji, intelekt intuitywny, idea nieśmiertelności duszy i ogólny prymat rozumu praktycznego nad teoretycznym (przejęte przez Fichtego oraz Schellinga od Kanta), stały się fundamentem Heglowskiej koncepcji absolutu w kształcie, jaki znamy obecnie.
Źródło:
Kultura i Wartości; 2018, 26
2299-7806
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Wartości
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kantowskie ugruntowanie podstaw filozofii Stefana Brzozowskiego. Krytyka problemu systematyczności
Neo-Kantian roots in Stanisław Brzozowski’s philosophy. Review of the problem of regularity
Autorzy:
Witkowska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/665083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Stanisław Brzozowski
Kant
neokantyzm
krytyka
Neo-Kantianism
critique
Opis:
The article focuses on the presentation of Kantian sources in Stanisław Brzozowski’s philosophy, who was an outstanding philosopher, writer, and critic. Due to the value of his work, appreciated for over a hundred years by both domestic and foreign researchers, in the article, I emphasize the issue related to the proper conduct of the analysis of its activities. I also point out the most frequent errors that lead to interpretative contradictions within the philosophical reflection that Stanisław Brzozowski created.
Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na przedstawieniu kantowskich źródeł filozofii Stanisława Brzozowskiego, wybitnego filozofa, literata oraz krytyka. Ze wzgledu na wartość jego pracy, docenianej od ponad stu lat przez zarówno krajowych jak i zagranicznych badaczy, w artykule podkreślam kwestię związaną z właściwym prowadzeniem analizy jego działalności. Wskazuję również na najczęstrze błędy, które prowadzą do sprzeczności interpretacyjnych w ramach namysłu filozoficznego, jaki stworzył Stanisław Brzozowski.
Źródło:
Folia Philosophica; 2018, 39
1231-0913
2353-9445
Pojawia się w:
Folia Philosophica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interesy i wartości, użyteczność i godność - o potrzebie interwencji w moralne gry językowe
Interests and Values, Utility and Dignity - On the Necessity of Intervention into Moral Language-Games
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1048653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
aksjologia
interesy
wartość
uzyteczność
godność
Kant
axiology
intrests
value
utility
dignity
Opis:
The analyses included in this article are meant to oppose two semantic dichotomies included in the title. Interests and values in the light of the article stay in a certain continuum and strict connection. Utility is axiological and instrumental structure of civilization but it develops owing to the capacity to live and realize values, especially absolute ones. They are included in the idea of human dignity and defined in religions. Public discourse as a language-game often deforms axiological intuitions of values and attempts to arrange and systematize them. Hypothetically it results from the mentioned dichotomy generating juxtaposition of the order of interests and utility with the order of values and dignity. The theory which overcomes this situation is needed.
Źródło:
Filozofia Chrześcijańska; 2011, 8; 7-20
1734-4530
2450-0399
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia Chrześcijańska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Państwo prawa na gruncie filozofii politycznej Immanuela Kanta – dwie interpretacje
The Rule of Law in Immanuel Kant’s Political Philosophy: Two Interpretations
Autorzy:
Wieczorkowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-01-01
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej – Sekcja Polska IVR
Tematy:
Kant
stan prawny
państwo prawa
liberalizm
autorytaryzm
juridical state
rule of law
liberalism
authoritarianism
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu omówienie kantowskiej koncepcji stanu prawnego jako podstawy współcześnie rozumianej zasady państwa prawa. W związku z tym tekst ten próbuje udzielić odpowiedzi dwa pytania: 1) jaki charakter można przypisać kantowskiej koncepcji stanu prawnego, biorąc pod uwagi wynikające z niej obowiązki; 2) czy analiza kantowskiego stanu jurydycznego może mieć jakiekolwiek przełożenie na współczesne rozumienie państwa prawa, a jeśli tak, to jakie. W celu realizacji tego zadania omówione zostają moralne presupozycje kantowskiego stanu prawnego, zgodnie z przyjętym powszechnie przekonaniem, że filozofia polityczna Kanta jest ściśle sprzężona z jego refleksją moralną i etyczną. Następnie analizie poddane zostaję dwie interpretacje kantowskiego stanu jurydycznego – interpretacja liberalna oraz interpretacja autorytarna. Kluczową różnicą pomiędzy tymi interpretacjami jest sposób ustalania zakresu okoliczności, w których obowiązek posłuszeństwa władzy państwowej winien być realizowany. Następnie kantowski stan jurydyczny zostaje zestawiony z dwoma sposobami rozumienia zasady państwa prawa – materialnym i formalnym – w celu oceny, czy zasadę państwa prawa powinniśmy rozważać w kategoriach ciągłości czy raczej zerwania względem koncepcji kantowskiej.
The purpose of this article is to discuss Kant’s concept of juridical state as the foundation of the contemporary rule of law. Therefore, the article tries to answer two questions: (1) what character can be attributed to Kant’s concept of juridical state taking into account the obligations arising from it; (2) can the analysis of the Kantian juridical state have any impact on the contemporary understanding of the rule of law and if so, what can this impact be. In order to accomplish this task, moral presuppositions of Kant’s juridical state are discussed, according to the commonly accepted view that Kant’s political philosophy is closely linked with his moral and ethical reflection. Then, two interpretations of Kant’s juridical state – the liberal one and the authoritarian one – are analysed. The crucial difference between these interpretations lies in establishing the circumstances in which the duty of obedience to state power should be carried out. Then, Kantian juridical state is compared with two ways of understanding the rule of law – the material one and the formal one – in order to evaluate whether the rule of law should be considered as continuity of or rupture with the Kantian concept.
Źródło:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej; 2019, 1(19); 108-124
2082-3304
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantum Meta-physics: Nonlocality and Limits of Determinism
Autorzy:
Wesół, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26917595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
determinism
quantum mechanics
nonlocality
free will
Kant
Opis:
This essay aims to show that the recent development of quantum theory may provide us with an answer to one of the most compelling metaphysical problems, namely the problem of determinism. First, I sketch the conceptual background and draw the distinction between metaphysical and epistemological determinisms. Then, on the ground of the analysis of the problem of determinism in quantum mechanics, I argue that (1) metaphysical determinism is independent of quantum-mechanical formalism, and (2) that quantum nonlocality makes epistemological determinism impossible. I also try to show that metaphysical determinism should be regarded as a Kantian regulative idea which sets the horizon for scientific inquiry but which at the same time lacks what Kant calls “objective validity.” The main conclusion is that metaphysical determinism should be regarded as an idealization – a formal, cognitive principle that we a priori assume and not something that we discover through scientific inquiry.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2023, 7, 4; 14-25
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Image and Imagination in Paul Ricoeur’s Metaphor Theory
Autorzy:
Weichert, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
metaphor
imagination
schema
Ricoeur
Kant
Opis:
Paul Ricoeur uncovered the creative aspect of language in his theory of metaphor. The metaphor is a special combination of words that as a clash of distant semantic fields forces the reader to interpret the sentence in a new way and see things in a new light. It is a process in which the imagination plays an important role. Ricoeur compares the metaphor to the Kantian schema which is a procedure to provide an image to a concept. The image helps in the process of assimilating distant elements and thus to achieve a new interpretation. To change perspective the suspension of reference (imaginary neutralization) is also needed. The aim of this essay is to analyze the imaginative functions which are operative in the metaphor and look for an answer to the question about the role of the imagination as a productive power as well as a power of internal intuitions.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 1(7); 64-77
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kantian Normal Idea vs Santayana’s ‘Psychology’ of Defining Characters as Aesthetic Forms
Autorzy:
Wawrzonkowski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2007560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Santayana
Kant
imagination
normal idea
adherent beauty
literary character
Opis:
The objective of the presented article consists in the juxtaposition of two depictions of mechanisms of imagination which we use to create averaged images of all sensual experiences. The first of them is Kantian normal idea conducive to the construction of adherent beauty, whereas the second - Santayana’s concept of formation of a generic idea, aesthetic type or an ideal. It is my conviction that both these proposals are convergent, as they refer to the same method of functioning of the imagination, however they differ in certain details, as they are inscribed in nearly entirely opposite aesthetic concepts. However, Santayana’s theory of character creation goes further than Kant’s concept, as it exceeds the averaged image of the normal idea, and, while not being equivalent to Kantian aesthetic idea constituting a certain product of genius, it heads towards the idealisation of representations available to all people. The purpose behind Santayana’s concept proves to be more practical as compared to the solution proposed by Kant. In this depiction, we should recognise a universal mechanism of the imagination in the formation of characters as aesthetic forms, enabling a person to define his/her place and gain knowledge on the human world of attitudes, customs and ordinary behaviours.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 4(114); 63-77
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Refleksja jako źródło autorytetu. Podmiotowość moralna w świetle argumentu konstytutywizmu Korsgaard
The authority of reflection. Moral agency in the light of Korsgaard’s constitutive arguments
Autorzy:
Warmbier, Adriana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51749594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii
Tematy:
normative authority
practical identity
reflective endorsement
Immanuel Kant
Korsgaard’s constitutive argument
Opis:
The authority of reflection. Moral agency in the light of Korsgaard’s constitutive arguments: In this paper I address the question as to whether Christine Korsgaard’s account of normative relations between the moral agent and the ends of her actions which constitutes her practical identity avoids falling into the trap of being just another abstract theory in moral philosophy. Proponents of constitutive arguments for the normative authority of reasons for action offer a promising approach to this meta‐ethical question by arguing that the normative authority of reasons is found within the practice of reasoning itself (in agency itself). In two constitutive arguments for the normativity of rational requirements, Korsgaard attempts first to argue that “the normative question” does not consist in looking merely for an explanation of moral practices but in asking “What justifies the claims that morality makes on us?”, and secondly to establish that the reason why ethical standards make claims on us is that they represent commands which are constitutive of having a self (the cost of violating ethical standards is the loss of practical identity). Korsgaard deals with these two arguments using her own modified version of the reflective endorsement method. She claims that the reflective structure of human consciousness establishes the normative relation we have to ourselves and that this is a relation of authority (that is the source of obligation). I argue that Korsgaard’s account of action as self‐constitution (the constitution of a practical sense of identity) fails to arrive at establishing the authority of reflection. I draw on the discussed claim that reasoned authority for our actions comes from reflective scrutiny (the test of reflection). Viewing the Kantian model of practical reason which lies at the basis of Korsgaard’s approach, I suggest the possibility of applying the Aristotelian model of practical reason as an useful framework for the reflective endorsement strategy.
Źródło:
ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal; 2020, 10, 2; 373-392
2083-6635
2084-1043
Pojawia się w:
ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Die Bedeutung des Willens und die Erfahrung des Sollens bei Immanuel Kant und Karol Wojtyła
The importance of free will and the experience of duty in the thinking of Karol Wojtyła and Immanuel Kant
Autorzy:
Waleszczuk, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/427005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Freedom
Kant
Wojtyła
person
will
self-determination
duty
Act
Opis:
By the ignorance of the motives of the critical philosophy Kant’s, many interpreters see his aim not in the rescue, but in the destruction of metaphysics. Kant’s practical philosophy is often misunderstood, as long as the expositors deny the unconditional validity of the moral law, “the only factum of pure reason”. The article tries to point out the similarities (the importance of free will and the experience of duty) in the thinking of Karol Wojtyła and Immanuel Kant. The moral experience, the demand of duty of the categorical imperative (Kant), personalistic standard (Wojtyła), shows the importance of self-determination/will decision towards the human act. Although Wojtyła admits in his work „person and act“, that just the Kant studies have helped to emphasize the will as a self determining factor of the person and the primacy of the will to the feelings, there is no lack of interpreters who like to overemphasize the great influences of Thomism and phenomenology (such as Max Scheler) on the thinking of the Krakow philosopher. Many interpreters ignore the cantian approach without comment. The goal of the article is therefore at least begin to fill this glaring omission. Wojtyła’s and Kant’s thinking is determined by the question of the freedom of the people. In the practical affirmation of the possibility of free actions – in the deed – the morality and dignity of human, which points to the unconditional – God – immortality of man – is revealed. Also Wojtyła, in the sense of Kant, stresses that the mind itself and with its own power is unable to reach the deity and man must engage on the uncertainty and the abyss of faith, when he leaves the island of pure reason. For Wojtyła, the ability to free, responsible, self-determining act is a sign of the inviolability of personal dignity and for Kant (similar to Augustine and Thomas) a determination of each person to the realization of the highest good. The two thinkers see the people in the light of the experience of duty – commandment of love – that can materialize only through action and deed. For Kant, implicitly for Wojtyła also the deference to God is done explicitly by the act.
Źródło:
Logos i Ethos; 2014, 1(36); 129-150
0867-8308
Pojawia się w:
Logos i Ethos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 181

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