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Tytuł:
Field assessment of surge and continuous furrow irrigation methods in relation to tillage systems
Autorzy:
A. Mattar, Mohamed
A. El-Saadawy, Mohamed
A. Helmy, Mamdouh
M. Sorour, Hussien
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973177.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
irrigation
ploughing system
water application
efficiency
distribution uniformity
advance rate
Opis:
Surge flow irrigation is one of the irrigation techniques for controlling furrow irrigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of surge furrow irrigation on water management compared with continuous irrigation for different tillage systems. An experimental field was treated with various tillage systems (mouldboard plough, chisel plough and rotary plough) and water irrigation application methods (continuous flow, control) in which irrigation water was applied continuously, and surge flow (3-surges, 4-surges and 5-surges) in which irrigation water was applied intermittently until it reached the tail end of the furrow. The results showed that water savings obtained using the surge technique were 18.58, 11.84 and 18.93% lower water use than with continuous flow, for the mouldboard, chisel and rotary ploughs, respectively. The 3-surges treatment with the rotary plough reduced the advance time by 25.36% from that for continuous irrigation. The 4-surges treatment with the mouldboard plough had the highest water application efficiency (88.13%). The 3-surges treatment with the rotary plough had the highest distribution uniformity (85.01%). The rotary plough did not cause as much soil aeration around the root system as the other tillage systems. The field research provided information about surge flow, aimed at reducing advance times and increasing irrigation efficiency.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2017, 31, 2
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of proline and humic acid application in salinity stress mitigation on some vegetables in hydroponics
Autorzy:
Abd-Elhakim, Ahmed I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
courgette
drip irrigation
mist irrigation
spinach
yield
Opis:
The research aimed to find suitable solutions to reduce the salinity stress of irrigation water for some types of vegetables in hydroponics under two drip and mist irrigation systems. The different concentrations of NaCl for irrigation water, are 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 ppm used. Proline (30 mg∙dm -3), humic acid (300 mg∙dm -3) and compared without any from them were used to study their effect on the yield, and water use efficiency. The results indicated that the highest spinach and courgette yield (4.657 and 5.153 kg∙m -2) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest yield (0.348 and 0.634 kg∙m -2) was observed for the SW4000 treatment, respectively. The use of humic acid led to an increased yield on average by about 16.8 and 19.3% for spinach, and 39.4 and 51.7% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. Using proline led to an increased average yield of about 32.9 and 33% for spinach, and 51.8 and 58.4% for courgette, under drip and mist irrigation, respectively. The highest water use efficiency (WUE) of spinach and courgette (43.1 and 51.5 kg∙m -3) was observed for the DP500 treatment, and the lowest (3.2 and 6.3 kg∙m -3) was observed for the SW4000 treatment. According to our study, the use of proline and humic acid could compensate for the adverse effects of salinity under mist spraying more than drip irrigation.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 56; 142--152
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Groundwater Geochemical and Quality of the Continental Intercalary Aquifer in Béni Ounif (Southwest Algeria)
Autorzy:
Abdellah, Arfa
Boualem, Bouselsal
Aziez, Zeddouri
Mokhtar, Kebili
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Béni Ounif
continental intercalary
potability
irrigation
mineralization
Opis:
The main objective of this work was to study the status of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation uses in the locality of Beni Ounif. A total of 16 samples were taken at different locations in the study area from boreholes to capture the continental intercalary (CI) aquifer for physicochemical analysis. This work used the groundwater quality index (GWQI) method to evaluate water potability. The irrigation water quality was assessed by studying EC, SAR, Na%, KR, PI, and MR parameters. In addition, the mechanisms of mineralization of these waters were highlighted by the study of Piper, Gibbs, bivariate diagrams, and the calculation of saturation indices. The results show that the CI waters would have chemical constituents in accordance with the WHO guide values and the Algerian guide values for drinking water. The GWQI method showed a good quality of CI waters for consumption in the study area. On based the irrigation water parameters, the IC water samples are acceptable for irrigation provided that drainage techniques are applied to the cultivated land for tipsy soil salinization. In addition, the study of Piper, Gibbs, bivariate, and mineral saturation diagrams shows that the CI waters of the study area are of Ca-Mg-SO4-Cl type, and the hydrogeochemical processes that control their mineralization are complex, namely, the alteration of silicate and carbonate minerals, the dissolution of gypsum and exchange ion.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 9; 1--12
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field and modelling study for deficit irrigation strategy on roots volume and water productivity of wheat
Autorzy:
Abdelraouf, Ramadan E.
El-Shawadfy, Mohamed A.
Dewedar, Osama M.
Hozayn, Mahmoud
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844310.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
irrigation
roots volume
SALTMED model
soil moisture
water productivity
wheat
Opis:
In many regions of the world, including Egypt, water shortages threaten food production. An irrigation deficient strategy in dry areas has been widely investigated as a valuable and sustainable approach to production. In this study, the dry matter and grain yield of wheat was decreased by reducing the amount of irrigation water as well as the volume of the root system. As a result of this, there was an increase the soil moisture stress. This negatively affected the absorption of water and nutrients in the root zone of wheat plants, which ultimately had an effect on the dry matter and grain yield of wheat. The values of dry matter and grain yield of wheat increased with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class. It is possible that this was due to the increase in the genetic characteristic of the root size with the ʻSakha 94ʼ variety compared to the ʻSakha 93ʼ class, as this increase led to the absorption of water and nutrients from a larger volume of root spread. Despite being able to increase the water productivity of wheat by decreasing the amount of added irrigation water, the two highest grain yield values were achieved when adding 100% and 80% of irrigation requirements (IR) needed to irrigate the wheat and no significant differences between the yield values at 100% and 80% of IR were found. Therefore, in accordance with this study, the recommended irrigation for wheat is at 80% IR which will provide 20% IR. When comparing the water productivity of two wheat varieties in study, it becomes clear that ʻSakha 94ʼ was superior to ʻSakha 93ʼ when adding the same amount of irrigation water, and this resulted in increased wheat productivity for ʻSakha 94ʼ. The SALTMED results confirmed good accuracy (R2: 0.92 to 0.98) in simulating soil moisture, roots volume, water application efficiency, dry matter, and grain yield for two varieties of wheat under deficit irrigation conditions. Whilst using sprinkler irrigation system under sandy soils in Egypt.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 49; 129-138
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field evaluation of centre pivot sprinkler irrigation system in the North-East of Iran
Polowa ocena systemu deszczowania w północno-wschodnim Iranie
Autorzy:
Abedinpour, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
centre pivot system
distribution uniformity
irrigation
uniformity coefficients
nawodnienia
równomierność dystrybucji
system deszczowania
współczynniki równomierności
Opis:
A field evaluation of the technical performance of centre pivot sprinkler irrigation system was carried out during the maize crop growing season and when operating with different working speeds: S1 – 40%, S2 – 60% and S3 – 80%. For this goal, four uniformity measurements are to be considered in the evaluation; coefficient of uniformity (CU), distribution uniformity (DU), potential efficiency of low quarter application (PELQ) and actual efficiency of low quarter application (AELQ). The first step of evaluation of the sprinkler irrigation system is to compare the measured uniformity values with the standard values, DU ≥ 75%, CU ≥ 85%, AELQ and PELQ ≥ 90%. Effect of variation of speed produced CU values of 80.3, 82.7 and 86% for S1, S,sub>2, and S3 speed, respectively. Furthermore, DU standard value was obtained at S3 speed of 82%. Moreover, AELQ and PELQ were below the acceptable standard level of 90% for all speeds. Non-uniform water application leads to over or under irrigation in various parts of the field which can result in wasted water and energy. Therefore, regular evaluation of the irrigation equipments is needed to efficiently and effectively manage irrigation.
Polową ocenę sprawności technicznej systemu deszczowania przeprowadzono w sezonie wegetacyjnym kukurydzy, kiedy system pracował z różną prędkością roboczą: S1 – 40%, S2 – 60% i S3 – 80%. W ocenie uwzględniono cztery miary jednorodności: współczynnik jednorodności (CU), jednorodność dystrybucji (DU), potencjalną wydajność dolnej ćwiartki aplikacji (PELQ) i rzeczywistą wydajność dolnej ćwiartki aplikacji (AELQ). Pierwszym etapem oceny systemu zraszania było porównanie zmierzonych wartości jednorodności z wartościami standardowymi: DU ≥ 75%, CU ≥ 85%, AELQ i PELQ ≥ 90%. Wpływ różnych prędkości wyraził się różnymi wartościami CU, wynoszącymi odpowiednio 80,3, 82,7 i 86,0%, gdy prędkość była równa S1, S2, i S3. Ponadto standardową wartość DU uzyskano, gdy prędkość S3 wynosiła 82%. Wartości AELQ i PELQ były poniżej dopuszczalnego standardu 90% dla wszystkich prędkości. Nierównomierne rozprowadzanie wody prowadzi do nadmiernego bądź niedostatecznego nawodnienia w różnych częściach pola, co skutkuje zmarnowaniem wody i energii. Z tego powodu niezbędna jest regularna kontrola urządzeń irygacyjnych dla wydajnego i efektywnego zarządzania nawodnieniami.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2017, 34; 3-9
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EUSS – computer model to evaluate emission uniformity for sloping surfaces under drip irrigation system
Autorzy:
Abo Zied, Wafaa
Hanafy, Mohammed
Mostafa, Ehab
Abo Habssa, Ahmed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
computer model
drip irrigation system
emission uniformity
EUSS model
slope
Opis:
A computer model EUSS (Emission Uniformity on Sloping Surfaces) has been developed to design and evaluate the system capacity under operating conditions for drip irrigation system. And achieve the desired value of emission uniformity that is not significantly different according to the recommended values by applying it in field experiment located at Al-Slahia city, Egypt. The model has the ability to design the system by all of the common design techniques and have ability to customize any of them. EUSS model includes two main parts: crop water requirements, and hydraulic calculations of the system using metric unit system. It developed in graphical user interface of the programming language C-sharp (C#) by using Microsoft Visual Studio. The model database is containing the equations, tables and reference values to get more rapid and accurate results, and gives the opportunity for selecting some parameters such as: soil properties, characteristics of the corresponding crop, and climatic data. EUSS model allows the user to assume or set definite values, for example plot layout, land slopes and topography, the emitter characteristics and operating conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 48; 1-10
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing Water Quality of Kufranja Dam (Jordan) for Drinking and Irrigation: Application of the Water Quality Index
Autorzy:
Abualhaija, Mahmoud M.
Mohammad, Alsharifa-Hind
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Kufranja Dam
Jordan
physicochemical parameter
water quality index
drinking
irrigation
Opis:
The current study was undertaken to assess the physicochemical quality of the Kufranja dam (KD) surface water in northern Jordan during the summer and winter seasons [2019]. The samples were analyzed for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, major cations, major anions, and heavy metals. Most of the physicochemical parameters exhibited a similar spatial distribution, where the maximum concentrations were observed at the dam’s entrance, while the minimum concentrations were recorded at the dam’s end. This indicates that the factors affecting their occurrence and distribution are the same, including natural discharges from the surrounding catchment areas, weathering products, agricultural activities, and wastewater effluents that enter the dam via Wadi Kufranja. All the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in KD water lie below the maximum permissible levels of the Jordanian and international standards for drinking and irrigation, except for EC values that are above WHO standards for drinking. The application of the water quality index (WQI) depicts that the KD water is chemically unsuitable for use in drinking and needs proper treatment before use. The irrigation indices (SAR, Na%, and MH) indicate that the KD water is chemically suitable for irrigation, whereas EC results and USSL diagram showed that the dam’s water is suitable for irrigation and belongs to the categories of good to permissible for irrigation. Therefore, KD water is suitable for irrigation of most soils (except soils with low salt tolerance). Crops with good salt tolerance are recommended and a special treatment of salinity might be required.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 9; 159-175
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulating the effects of irrigation scheduling on cowpea yield
Autorzy:
Adekalu, K.O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
rainy season
soil water
dry season
soil
yield
water use index
modelling
cow pea
irrigation scheduling
Nigeria
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2006, 20, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of some growing substrate media on yield and fruit quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) grown and irrigated by drip irrigation system in green house
Autorzy:
Aktas, H.
Daler, S.
Ozen, O.
Gencer, K.
Bayindur, D.
Erdal, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
substrate culture
yield
fruit quality
eggplant
seedling
Solanum melongena
drip irrigation system
greenhouse
glass greenhouse
plant height
fruit weight
Turkey [geogr.]
Opis:
The soilless culture of vegetables in greenhouse has increased in Turkey. In recent years, bunch tomato has grown in soilless culture. However, bacterial cancer, virus (TMV, TYLVC) andTutaabsulta are limited tomato growing soilless culture as well. For this reason, others vegetables such as eggplant and pepper can be alternative crop for soilless culture. The aim of the research is determination of growing media such as cocopeat, split mushroom compost, perlite, volcanic tuff and sawdust on yield and fruit quality of eggplant. Our results suggest that mushroom compost and cocopeat media improve eggplant fruit quality more than other growing media.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2013, 1/III
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preliminary Investigation of Bioaccumulation of Microcystins in Hypereutrophic Irrigation Ponds Case Study – the Jordan Valley
Autorzy:
Al Kuisi, Mustafa
Hyarat, Tasneem
Al Qaisi, Khaled
Alhejoj, Ikhlas
Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Jordan Valley
eutrophication
cyanobacteria
microcystin-LR
irrigation pond
wastewater
Opis:
Microcystis blooms and the related toxin known as microcystin-LR (MC-LR) put the safety of human water consumption and global irrigation practices in jeopardy. MC-LR is widely distributed in various environments, including water, sediments, plants, and other aquatic organisms. The use of water-containing microcystins for agricultural purposes may have to be restricted despite the limited availability of clean water resources. Accordingly, the present work aimed to determine the MC-LR concentrations and recognize the environmental parameters that initiate the growth of toxic cyanobacteria and MC-LR occurrence in 20 irrigation ponds in the Jordan Valley area. The irrigation ponds studied were found in a hypereutrophic condition, with high levels of N:P ratio and low transparency. These cause inseparable effects such as cyanobacterial bloom and MC-LR occurrence. The investigated ponds were classified as hypereutrophic according to General Quality Index (GQI), with two different types of algae covering the surface. The first was the Lemna sp. or duckweeds (Family Araceae) which are free-floating masses, and the second was the cyanobacteria algal bloom. Unpaired t-tests were performed and showed that the concentrations of MC-LR in pond water abundant with cyanobacteria algal bloom in September 2021 were significantly higher (P = 0.7906) than in June for the same year (0.3022 ± 0.0444 and 0.1048 ± 0.0171 ppb, respectively). Two methods for extracting MC-LR were used and showed a significant difference in MC-LR concentration in ponds with an abundance of cyanobacteria algal blooms (0.2273 ± 0.0356 ppb) compared to the ponds with an abundance of Lemna sp. or duckweeds collected in June 2021 (0.1048 ± 0.0171 ppb). Despite all of the efforts made by Jordan Valley farmers to prevent or limit the mass growth of cyanobacteria and its consequences for the eutrophication process in their irrigation ponds through the use of fish breading and chemicals such as copper sulfate, this environmental problem is still harming their crops and irrigation methods and requires immediate government assistance.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 36--53
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment Water Quality Indices of Surface Water for Drinking and Irrigation Applications – A Comparison Review
Autorzy:
Al Yousif, Mustafa A.
Chabuk, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
WQI
water quality index
drinking use
irrigation use
index
WQR
water quality rating
Opis:
Water is one of the most important natural resources for all living organisms, including humans. Water consumption is increasing over the years as a result of the increase in the number of people, and at the same time, the causes of pollution of surface water sources increase. Water pollution is one of the most important causes of diseases and the transmission of infection to the organisms that use it. Also, the quality of agricultural crops is linked to the quality of the water used for irrigation. As a result, there was a need to monitor and evaluate the main water sources to maintain the quality of their water suitable for use by humans and other organisms. As is well known, it is difficult to evaluate the water quality of large samples with concentrations of many parameters using traditional methods, which depend on comparing experimentally determined parameter values with current standards. As a result, over the past century and the present, many methods of assessing water quality have emerged. This research aims to introduce the most important indices of water quality used at present to assess the quality of surface water for drinking and irrigation purposes, as well as the history of these methods and their development over time and their most important advantages, in addition to a group of the most important research that used these methods during the past few years.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 40--55
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interpolation of soil infiltration in furrow irrigation: Comparison of kriging, inverse distance weighting, multilayer perceptron and principal component analysis methods
Autorzy:
Alipour, N.
Nasseri, A.
Mohammbdi, T.A.
Pazira, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971544.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
artificial neural network
geostatistical analysis
irrigation
soil infiltration
Opis:
Study on soil infiltration rate as part of water cycle is essential for managing water resources and designing irrigation systems. The present study was conducted with the aim to compare Kriging, inverse distance weighting (IDW), multilayer perceptron (MLP) and principal component analysis (PCA) methods in the interpolation of soil infiltration in furrow irrigation, and determine the best interpolation method. To conduct infiltration tests, furrows were made on the farm in four triad groups. Infiltration through the blocked furrows method was measured 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 160, 180 and 210 min after irrigation at a 10-meter distance in each furrow. Data were analyzed by GS+ and Neuro Solutions (NS) software packages. In this study, the maximum error (ME), mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), relative error (RE) and correlation coefficient (r) were used to compare the interpolation methods. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that differences in methods based on RMSE, MBE, MAE and ME indices were not significant; however, this difference was significant based on r and RE indices. According to the ANOVA results, it can be said that the PCA method with a r of 0.69 and RE of 31%, was predicted with a higher accuracy as compared to other methods.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2019, 52, 1; 59-74
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of a smart irrigation system for water managing for potatoes in Chlef region, Algeria
Autorzy:
Amoura, Mohammed
Douani, Mustapha
Tahri, Toufik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
Chlef area
plot productivity
potato
smart irrigation system
water consumption
Opis:
The configuration of the smart irrigation system was designed on the basis of data specific to the parameters concerning characteristics of the plant and the pedological properties of the local soil (permeability, pH, humidity, porosity, etc.), including the meteorological factors. In the Chlef area, the water availability is dependent on meteorological data. The objective of this work is to estimate irrigation water needs in crop gardening (potato) based on a smart irrigation system (SIS). Thus, to ensure an equilibrated growth of crops, we have developed a system with parameters, such as soil moisture and soil temperature, which are the input variables of this smart irrigation system. This system was applied for the irrigation of potatoes (‘Bartina’ variety), planted in the agricultural experimental station of Lard El Beida at Chlef. The results obtained in terms of production yield led to a conclusion that the smart irrigation system allows achieving production of 124.83% with lower water consumption (-19.31%), compared to that of a drip irrigation system. Moreover, the granulometric analysis of the potato tuber size showed that 80.83% of the production is within the size range between 30 mm and 55 mm. By comparison, we observed that 77.4% of products obtained from drip irrigation follow a uniform distribution. We conclude that this smart irrigation system is very economical in terms of water use for gardening crops. Given these encouraging results, it would be wiser to generalize its application and implement it to guarantee food self-sufficiency in the water-deficient regions.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 54; 101--108
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Norms and Legal Practice in Ancient Egypt: A Case Study of Irrigation System Management
Autorzy:
Aneta, Skalec,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
irrigation system
Dikaiomata
papyri
system irygacyjny
papirusy
Opis:
The prosperity of Egyptian civilization has depended on the efficient use of water deriving from the Nile throughout its recorded history. Despite the importance of water and irrigation in ancient Egypt, very little is known of its water regulations. The only known legal source related directly to the maintenance of canals that has been preserved is a section of the Dikaiomata – the Alexandrian city law dealing with the construction and improvement of irrigation channels in the surrounding countryside. However, being Greek in origin, it does not seem to correspond to the legal practice that has been in use in Egypt since the earliest times. How water regulations looked like in practice can therefore only be observed by means of practice documents, i.e. papyri from Ptolemaic period. Such papyri recorded the law in action, both in relation to individuals as well as the whole society in the context of water management. These documents and their similarities and differences to the rules contained in Dikaiomata are the subject of the paper.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2019, 80; 375-388
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soil microbial and nutrient dynamics influenced by irrigation-induced salinity and sewage sludge incorporation in sandy - loam textured soil
Autorzy:
Ankush
Prakash, R.
Kumar, R.
Singh, V.
Harender
Singh, V.K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
sewage sludge
saline irrigation
soil
microbial
biomass carbon
enzyme activity
Opis:
The use of sewage sludge in agriculture is known to be environmentally friendly as it is a practical way of recycling municipal waste. A short-term experiment was carried out to study the changes in soil chemical and microbiological properties influenced through the addition of sewage sludge along with saline irrigation under a pearl millet-wheat crop rotation. There were three irrigation (canal water (0.35 dS m-1), 8 and 10 dS m-1 electrical conductivity saline water) and five fertilizer treatments (control-F1, sewage sludge (5 t ha-1)-F2, sewage sludge (5 t ha-1) +50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)-F3, sewage sludge (5 t ha-1)+75% RDF-F4 and RDF-F5). The results showed that soil organic carbon, and available nitrogen, and phosphorus were reduced significantly under saline conditions but there was an increase in available potassium with the increasing salinity levels of the irrigation water. A significant reduction in soil microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities was caused by 8 and 10 dS m-1 as compared to 0.35 dS m-1 at different growth stages of crops. Treatment F4 attained the highest soil microbial activity at each crop growth stage by a significant margin among all of the fertilizer treatments, which is associated with a substantial build-up of organic carbon and available NPK in the soil. Soil microbial activities followed a particular trend: at 35 and 75 days after sowing>harvest>sowing in pearl millet and wheat, respectively. Sewage sludge dumping is a major problem in India, and the present study suggests that by applying sewage sludge, soil biological health is improved; therefore its use in agriculture is recommended to farmers.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 4; 451-462
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 383

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