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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 228
Tytuł:
THE POTANTIAL OF POLISH - TURKISH TRADE DEVELOPMENT
Autorzy:
Jeliński, Bohdan J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
International Trade
Polska
Turkey
Opis:
The Turkish – Polish economic relations are based on a partly common history and on a similar strategy of economy development. Both countries have a comparable Gross Domestic Product and foreign trade turnover. The transformation of Polish economy and membership in European Union, create new possibilities for prosperous future economic co-operation between two countries.
Źródło:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2008, 1, 2; 275-287
1308-2701
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona Unii i jej państw członkowskich przed stosowaniem wymuszenia ekonomicznego przez państwa trzecie – projekt rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady
Protecting the Union and its Member States against the use of economic coercion by third countries – Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council
Autorzy:
Jaśkowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2192829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
international trade
European Union
Opis:
The document aims at establishing a mechanism enabling the Union to respond when a third country, by measures affecting trade or investment, interferes with the legitimate choices of the Union or of its Member States to adopt or refrain from adopting a particular act. Given the exclusive nature of the EU’s competences in the area of the Common Commercial Policy, as well as the EU’s economic potential and the resulting potentially greater effectiveness of response measures at the EU level, the proposal deserves to be supported by the representative of the Republic of Poland on the EU forum.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2022, 2(74); 133-142
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia na temat zawartych w Partnerstwie Transpacyficznym (Trans-Pacific Partnership) postanowień dotyczących zabezpieczenia rynku przed produktami genetycznie modyfikowanymi
Opinion on the provisions of Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement relating to market protection against the genetically modified products
Autorzy:
Jaśkowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
genetics
international trade
foodstuffs
Opis:
Article 2.27 of Trans-Pacific Partnership (PTP) agreement, concerning the trade of products of modern biotechnology, cannot be interpreted in a way which would impose upon any of the Parties an obligation to adopt or amendment of laws, regulations or policies for the control of such products within its territory. This provision defines the behavior in the event of detection of occurrence, in a shipment of plants or plant products, of “low-level presence” of rDNA plant material. It does not apply, however, to a plant or plant products that is a medicine or medical products. This provision do not also apply to animals and products of animal origin.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2016, 2(50); 130-134
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foreign direct investment and international trade across the former Soviet economies: What do we know after 30 years of research?
Autorzy:
Gurshev, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
international trade
Opis:
Aim/purpose - This paper surveys three decades of empirical literature on foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade across the former Soviet economic space. In this survey, we outline the current state of research, discuss data limitations, and identify topics for further studies. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology used in this study is a systematic literature review. Multiple databases were searched, including Google Scholar, IDEAS (RePEc), JSTOR, Web of Science, and others. In total, 59 papers published between 1990 and 2023 were analyzed. Findings - Our findings are severalfold. First, we highlight severe data collection problems related to foreign equity and trade outside the Baltics, Ukraine, Russia, and some Central Asian Republics (CARs). As a result, we point out the limited availability of studies that use contemporary data and cover important economic events, such as the European accession of the Baltics, the formation of new preferential trade agreements, and economic re-integration centered around Russia, and Ukraine's political stability. Research implications/limitations - This study should assist researchers in identifying prospective research directions in postcommunist economic research. The main limitations of this survey are i) the total number of papers surveyed (59), ii) the focus on empirical studies, and iii) the specific geographical area considered. Originality/value/contribution - Despite the critical role of FDI and trade in transitional economies, plenty of relevant topics have remained undiscovered (e.g., the relationship between outward FDI and profit shifting). To the best of our knowledge, no systematic survey has been done on these two areas of research.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2023, 45; 290-318
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Empirical linkages between some economic factors and foreign direct investment in BRICS countries
Autorzy:
Gurshev, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/518279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
BRICS
FDI
GDP
international trade
Opis:
In 2003 Goldman Sachs published a report written by Wilson and Purushothaman entitled Global Economics Paper No. 99: Dreaming With BRICs: The Path to 2050, which central idea is that over the next 50 years, Brazil, Russia, India and China could become a much larger force in the world economy, even larger than the current G7 economies in US dollar terms. In 2017 BRICS joint contribution to the world economy was 23.6 per cent and according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predictions this is set to rise to 26.8 per cent by 2022. Based on the used estimation, the biggest contributor to the FDI inflows is an index of economic openness, where decreasing barriers for trade and investment increase country’s exposure to the global economy, which in return has a significant effect in attracting FDI to the economy. Secondly, in majority of cases change in both import and export values tend to negatively affect FDI inflows, such phenomenon does not necessarily mean that country must not engage and liberalize its trade policy, but that the impact of those factors is inconsistent and has to be researched further. Thirdly, GDP contribution confirms the gravity model hypothesis as larger economies tend to attract larger volumes of FDI inflows, however in case of China this effect seems to be slightly reversed. Lastly, the effect of trade balance on FDI inflows remains complex to capture, however a dummy variable method applied in this paper can be applied to countries that have both positive and negative trade balance dynamic.
W 2003 roku Goldman Sachs opublikował raport napisany przez Wilsona i Purushothamana zatytułowany "Global Economics Paper No. 99: Dreaming With BRICs: The Path to 2050, którego główną ideą jest to, że w ciągu następnych 50 lat Brazylia, Rosja, Indie i Chiny mogą stać się znacznie większa siła w światowej gospodarce, nawet większa niż obecne gospodarki G7 w ujęciu dolarowym. W 2017 r. Wspólny wkład BRICS w gospodarkę światową wyniósł 23,6%, a według prognoz Międzynarodowego Funduszu Walutowego (MFW) do 2022 r. Ma wzrosnąć do 26,8%. Na podstawie wykorzystanych szacunków największy udział w napływie BIZ stanowi wskaźnik otwartości gospodarczej, gdzie malejące bariery w handlu i inwestycjach zwiększają ekspozycję kraju na globalną gospodarkę, co z kolei ma znaczący wpływ na przyciąganie bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych do gospodarki. Po drugie, w większości przypadków zmiana zarówno wartości importu, jak i eksportu wpływa negatywnie na napływ BIZ, zjawisko to niekoniecznie oznacza, że kraj nie może angażować się i liberalizować swojej polityki handlowej, ale że wpływ tych czynników jest niespójny i musi być zbadałem dalej. Po trzecie, wkład PKB potwierdza hipotezę modelu grawitacji, ponieważ większe gospodarki mają tendencję do przyciągania większych wolumenów napływów BIZ, jednak w przypadku Chin efekt ten wydaje się być nieco odwrotny. Wreszcie, wpływ salda handlowego na napływ BIZ jest nadal trudny do uchwycenia, jednak zastosowana w niniejszym dokumencie metoda zmiennej fikcyjnej może być stosowana do krajów, które mają zarówno dodatnią, jak i ujemną dynamikę bilansu handlowego.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Studenckie Wydziału Ekonomicznego „Nasze Studia”; 2019, 9; 122-135
1731-6707
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Studenckie Wydziału Ekonomicznego „Nasze Studia”
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcjonowanie transportu morskiego w warunkach globalizacji
MARITIME TRANSPORT OPERATION IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION
Autorzy:
Nowosielski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418960.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydział Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
marine transport
globalization
international trade
Opis:
The contemporary world economy is subject to dynamic integration processes that cause the most open countries in the free import and export goods. Intensive trade relations require intercontinental free access to well-functioning transport systems. In the case of trade with distant partners, especially on other continents, an important criterion for the organization of cargo handling is a long range. Technological development of means of transport has meant that transport services have become a cheap and highly accessible to passengers and cargo.
Źródło:
Współczesna Gospodarka; 2011, 2, 1; 29-38
2082-677X
Pojawia się w:
Współczesna Gospodarka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie zależności pomiędzy handlem zagranicznym a PKB z wykorzystaniem modelu VAR oraz przyczynowości Grangera
Relationship between foreign trade and GDP: VAR model and Granger causality
Autorzy:
Pisarski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/425171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
VAR
Granger
causality
GDP
international trade
Opis:
The main goal of this paper is to examine relationships between GDP and inter-national trade (exports and imports). Foreign trade channels which can affect national in-come have been listed and the impact of trade on GDP was described. Differences between a closed and an open economy are shown. The autoregression vector (VAR) model was used as well as Granger causality test. Quarterly dataset for the USA, the period from 1997:Q1 to 2013:Q3 was used. The results of Granger causality test led us to the conclusion that export causes GDP and also GDP and import affect each other (in Granger causality).
Źródło:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2013, 4(42); 103-116
1507-3866
Pojawia się w:
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nationality of Polands Exports
Autorzy:
Czarny, Elżbieta
Śledziewska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
international trade
economic integration
direct investments
Opis:
ln this paper, we analyse the materiał structure of Polands exports of goods to the European Union and to the United States. In a general presentation of Polish exports, we aggregate all other trade partners than the EU and the U.S. to the 'Rest of the World' (RoW). We use descriptive statistics to check whatgoods are subject to export from Poland. We analyse data on various levels of aggregation. We prove that Polish exports aggregated to the CN sections and HS2 product groups to both destinations seem to be of higher technological advancement than export disaggregated to the HS6 product classification. On the higher level of aggregation, the material structure of Polands exports to the EU and the U.S. look more similar than those analysed on the more disaggregated level. We look at the material structures of exports to both partners from the point of view of the producers as well. We study Poland's exports of goods to the EU and the U.S. based on the HS6 classification and analyse the leading producers of the most important goods in sales to both partners. We show that most of them are affiliates of the foreign companies.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2017, 8, 16; 87-108
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Labour mobility and international trade
Autorzy:
Guo, Yanrong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16729701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
dispatched labour
labour mobility
Opis:
Motivation: The academic debate on whether the relationship between factor mobility and international trade is one of complementarity or substitution is inconclusive. In general, the relationship between the two can vary depending on the specific research methodology and the object of study. Moreover, there are fewer empirical analyses with China and the European Union as subjects, so studying the relationship between labour mobility and trade in the case of China and Europe is worthwhile. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to determine, through empirical analysis, the relationship between labour mobility in the form of dispatched labour and bilateral trade between China and the European Union in the period of 2005-2021. Materials and methods: This paper utilises quantitative analysis to investigate the relationship between labour movements and trade (imports and exports) based on data from 2005 to 2021, primarily through co-integration analysis and Granger causality testing. Results: The study found that there is a substitution relationship between the number of dispatched labour from China and the trade in goods between China and the European Union in the research period. Additionally, Granger causality tests show that China's dispatched labour to the EU is the Granger cause of China-EU export trade, and vice versa. However, China's dispatched labour to the EU is not a Granger cause of China-EU import trade.
Źródło:
Catallaxy; 2023, 8, 1; 7-20
2544-090X
Pojawia się w:
Catallaxy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thoughts on the Political Economy of International Trade
Autorzy:
Lewkowicz, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29431105.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-03-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
political economy
international trade
institutional economics
Opis:
International trade appears to be strongly dependent on the political environment and institutional arrangements. In this context, the commented strand of economics is expected to follow the relationships that can be turbulent. The paper reviews the available literature on international trade, with a particular focus on aspects of the political economy. These threads are described in the context of the past and present literature, as well as prospects for future research. Over the decades, the focus of the debate has shifted strongly. The analysed issues reflect not only current events affecting the shape of international trade, but also the availability of data or the growing range of quantitative tools. The observed progress and evolution of the political economy of international trade has brought numerous conclusions of scientific and practical importance.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2024, 11, 58; 33-41
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method for calculating mirror data asymmetry in international trade
Autorzy:
Markowicz, Iwona
Baran, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
international trade
intra-community trade
mirror data
COMEXT
Opis:
Research background: Some statistics are of a bilateral nature. This is how foreign trade data is organized. They are recorded both in the supplier and recipient countries, hence they are called mirror data. The data recorded at both trading partner countries are not the same for different reasons. Such differences between data on the same groups of transactions are often referred to as the asymmetry of mirror data. The information about the value of the flows of goods are of great importance in economic analyses and therefore their quality is particularly important. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present a new measure of data asymmetry - the aggregated quantity index with value-based weights. Methods: The proposed measure combines the quantity and the value of turn-over in individual trade relations. Such a measure makes it possible to eliminate basic deficiencies in value-based measures, while considering the specificity of trade in individual countries. The proposed measure of data asymmetry was confronted with several measures present in the literature and previously used by the Authors. The numerical example uses Comext data on intra-Community trade in 2017 provided by Eurostat. Findings & Value added: The proposed measure performs better than all the previously used data asymmetry indices. It is to some extent immune to exchange rate differences and inconsistencies resulting from the inclusion of transport and insurance costs in the value of goods. In addition, it gives lower weights to unimportant trade directions than other data asymmetry indices. Since the new index has proved to be better than the measures previously used, it is worth applying to those trade relations where the data are not de-rived from customs documents, but from declarations made by businesses, as in the case of intra-Community trade.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2020, 11, 4; 637-656
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola kredytu eksportowego jako czynnika determinującego sprzedaż międzynarodową na przykładzie wybranych krajów UE
The Role of the Export Credit as a Determinant of International Sales on the Example of Selected EU Countries
Autorzy:
Napiórkowski, Tomasz
Stolarczyk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558350.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Export Financing
Export Insurance
Trade Financing
International Trade
Opis:
In the era of globalization, international trade plays a role that is increasing in importance as a factor shaping not only individual economies, but also of the world economy. This makes an examination of its determinants important and relevant. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between financing in a form of export insurance and international trade. The study focuses on selected economies in the region of Central Europe. These countries include: Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Romania and Hungary. Given the lack of data, two Scandinavian countries have been added: Denmark and Sweden. Results obtained with an econometric model show that the higher the value of short-term export insurance to a given economy, the higher is the value of imports of that economy. This means that access to financing plays a significant role in determining of international exchange. This result should direct the attention of economists and economic policymakers towards the quality of the fi nancial system as a factor contributing to the size of international trade.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 2; 169-185
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU-South Korea FTA as one of the new generation agreements – an overview of the effects of the agreement
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/582841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
EU
FTA
international trade
South Korea
trade regionalism
Opis:
The changes in the structure of the world economy related to the proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) are reflected in activities undertaken by the EU, which, due to the crisis of multilateral negotiations, seeks alternative forms of gaining access to other markets. Thus, it concludes new-generation trade agreements with its partners as they entail broader and more comprehensive liberalization of trade than that within the WTO. Among them, the agreement which deserves a closer scrutiny is the very first agreement of this kind, signed with an Asian country in 2011, which marked the beginning of a new era in EU-Korean trade relations. An analysis of the volume and dynamics of trade between the two partners indicates good results, particularly for the EU, which has changed its role from a net importer to a net exporter and strengthened its position as one of the key trade partners of South Korea.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 486; 179-193
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Etyczne aspekty światowego systemu handlowego na przykładzie koncepcji Fair Trade
Ethical Aspects of the World Trading System Based on the Example of the Fair Trade Concept
Autorzy:
Grącik-Zajaczkowski, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-02
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Fair Trade
developing countries,
development disparities
international trade
Opis:
The effect of globalization is not only an improvement of living conditions in many developing countries, but also a widening of development disparities and economic inequalities between countries of the rich North and the poor South. Fair trade can be considered as a response to emerging problems of development. Therefore it is a form of assistance directed to the marginalized producers in the Global South by enabling them to manufacture, sell and distribute goods to markets in developed countries. This is an alternative to the existing formula of international trade, whose aim is to help producers in the South by integrating them into the current trading system under certain conditions. The idea is to create a new business relationship between producer and consumer, where the production and consumption are bound together in a new supply chain and where the economic benefits are distributed more fairly. It means that the prices of fair trade products are set at a level that would ensure a steady income to the producer and would lead to raising their living standards and prosperity. The ethical aspects of the fair trade system are clear, the problem is whether the fair trade standards can be used on a wider scale in the global economy, where there is a clash of certain ethical values with market economy rules based on maximizing profits and increasing efficiency.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2015, 18, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethical aspects of the world trading system on the example of Fair Trade
Autorzy:
Zajaczkowski, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653160.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Fair Trade
developing countries
development disparities
international trade
Opis:
The effect of globalization is not only an improvement of living conditions in developing countries, but also a widening of development disparities and economic inequalities between countries of the rich North and the poor South. The Fair Trade can be considered as a response to emerging problems of development. Therefore, it can be perceived as a form of assistance directed to the marginalized producers in the Global South by enabling them to manufacture, sell and distribute goods to markets in developed countries. This is an alternative to the existing formula of international trade; whose aim is to help producers in the South by integrating them into the current trading system under certain conditions. The idea is to create a new business relationship between producer and consumer, where the production and consumption are bound together in a new supply chain and where the economic benefits are distributed more fairly. It means that the prices of Fair Trade products are set at a level that would ensure a steady income to the producer and would lead to raising their living standards and prosperity. The ethical aspects of the Fair Trade system are clear. The problem is whether the Fair Trade standards can be used on a wider scale in the global economy, whereas there is an evident clash of certain ethical values with market economy rules based on maximizing profits and increasing efficiency.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 7; 45-58
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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