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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Microplastics Ingestion by Fish in the Biawak Island
    Autorzy:
    Ismail, Mochamad R.
    Lewaru, M. Wahyudin
    Prihadi, Donny J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1166319.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biawak Island
    Fish
    Ingestion
    Microplastic
    Opis:
    Plastic pollution is a growing global concern. The Biawak Island is region conservation area in Indramayu, so not much human activity. But, marine debris in the Biawak Island is rife. In the present study, we investigated microplastic accumulation on Fish in the Biawak Island. This study fish is divided into 3 groups based on feeding habits, that is carnivore, herbivore and omnivore. We assessed the abundance of microplastic debris found in the gastrointestinal tract of fishes caught by local fishermen. Carnivore fish grup found 49-205 microplastic particle per-individual, herbivore fish grup found 60-316 microplastic particle per-individual, and omnivore grup found 83-106 microplastic particle per-individual. The ingestion of microplastics by fish was negatively correlated with the diversity of feeding habits. But accumulated of microplastic density in herbivore and carnivore is significantly different to omnivore.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2018, 106; 230-237
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microplastics Ingestion by Fish in The Pangandaran Bay, Indonesia
    Autorzy:
    Ismail, Mochamad R.
    Lewaru, M. Wahyudin
    Prihadi, Donny J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1077271.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Commercial fish
    Ingestion
    Johnius
    Microplastics
    Pangandaran
    Trichiurus
    Opis:
    This study investigated the occurrence of microplastic particles in the digestive tracts of fishes from Pangandaran bay. The fish were collected by local fisherman. A total of 18 fish representing 2 species (Trichiurus sp. and Johnius sp.) were examined for microplastics. In total, 193 microplastic particles were found in the gastrointestinal tracts of all fishes. Microplastic particles were categorized as fragment (49.74%), fiber (22.8%) and film (27.46%), with size ranging from 0.12 to 5 mm. A statistically significant difference existed in the abundance of microplastic ingestion among the two species. The results of this study provide the first evidence of microplastic contamination in fish in Pangandaran bay.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 23; 173-181
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Method of Designing a Distortion Gauze for Testing a Boundary Layer Ingesting Fan
    Autorzy:
    Kwiatkowski, Tomasz
    Sieradzki, Adam
    Łukasik, Borys
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36453739.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    boundary layer ingestion
    distortion gauze
    porous media
    distorted velocity profile
    Opis:
    As global trends aim to reduce emissions of pollutants, boundary layer ingesting (BLI) propulsions are attracting more and more attention. As such, N+2 generation aircraft with propulsion placed in the aft of the aircraft are gaining in popularity. The boundary layer is formed on the fuselage before entering the engine located in the aft of the aircraft. Due to significant difficulties in performing experimental tests of BLI propulsors with full-size aircraft, distortion gauzes are one of the methods to provide the desired air velocity profile at the inlet. This paper describes a novel method of designing such gauzes, a topic which is not well covered in the existing literature. In the first stage of the presented method, single orifices of different sizes were calculated using CFD tools. The relationship between their size and the gauze resistance coefficient was identified, making it possible to model the distortion gauze using porous media. An iterative approach was used to design a gauze that meets the requirements. This is, to our knowledge, the first distortion gauze design description where a porous media model has been used. Experimental tests demonstrated that the produced distortion gauze yields a velocity profile comparable to the desired one. This indicates the great potential of using the presented approach in further research on boundary layer ingesting propulsions. It offers an opportunity to reduce substantially both the costs of experimental research and the time required to design a distortion-tolerant fan.
    Źródło:
    Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2022, 1 (266); 1-17
    0509-6669
    2545-2835
    Pojawia się w:
    Transactions on Aerospace Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uptake of plastic microbeads by ciliate Paramecium aurelia
    Autorzy:
    Nugroho, Failasuf Aulia
    Fyda, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402392.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    microplastics
    particle
    ingestion
    ciliates
    Paramecium aurelia
    mikroplastik
    cząstka
    przyjmowanie pokarmu
    orzęski
    Opis:
    Microplastics (MPs) are small fraction of plastics that are less than 5 mm in length. They are bountiful and widespread pollutants in the aquatic environment. A wide range of organisms which play an important role in the food web, ingest microplastic particles and transfer them to the higher trophic levels. In this work, ingestion of fluorescent polystyrene beads 2 µm of diameter by ciliated protozoa Paramecium aurelia in different concentrations and times of exposure was studied. We studied also the ingestion and clearance rate as well as formation of food vacuoles. The highest uptake of beads by ciliates reached 1047.2 ± 414.46 particles after 10 min of incubation. Food vacuoles formation reflected the ingestion rate of P. aurelia, which increased at higher beads concentration up to the10th minute of incubation and decreased afterwards. On the contrary, the clearance rate persisted to be higher at low concentration. These findings showed that maximum capacity of microplastics ingestion by paramecia depended on beads concentration and on time of exposure.
    Źródło:
    Science, Technology and Innovation; 2020, 9, 2; 1-9
    2544-9125
    Pojawia się w:
    Science, Technology and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biodegradation of expanded polystyrene (EPS) (Styrofoam) block as feedstock to Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) imago: A promising plastic-degrading process
    Autorzy:
    Fabreag, Mark Angelo C.
    Familara, Joanne A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076717.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biodegradation
    Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) (Styrofoam) Block
    Feedstock
    Ingestion
    Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle)
    Opis:
    The study was conducted to determine the biodegradation of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) (Styrofoam) Blocks as feedstock to Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) Imago. Three-hundred-sixty (360) Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) Imagos were collected and acclimatized for two days before being exposed to experimentation. Incubation boxes were made using plywood. Three set-ups were prepared, with 30 Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) each. Seven (7) grams of Styrofoam Block were placed in Set-up 1, seven (7) grams of Styrofoam and seven (7) grams of Rice grain Bran in Set-up 2 and seven (7) grams of Rice grain Bran in Set-up 3 with three replications each. Mean percent mass loss of Styrofoam and Rice grain Bran, mean percent mass loss and survival rate of Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) were measured at 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th day incubation periods. Maximum mean percent mass loss in the different set-ups was observed at the 10th, 15th and 20th incubation period, with loses of 7.14%, 10.71% and 10.71%, respectively. Meanwhile, maximum mean percent increased weight of Tribolim castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) was observed at the 10th day incubation period, with 13.51%, 44.44% and 37.93%, respectively. Microscopic observation, of a dark white smear on the gut of the specimen indicates that Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) Imago really masticate and biodegrade the Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) (Styrofoam) blocks. The survival rate of Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle) in the diverse set-ups showed no significant difference. This implies that ingestion of Styrofoam Block had no lethal effects on the natural weight variation and health of the Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle). Hence, results indicate that Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) (Styrofoam) Block can be a feedstock for Tribolium castaneum (Red Flour Beetle).
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 24; 145-156
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical studies of the influence of food ingestion on phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses
    Autorzy:
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47575.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    biomass
    nutrient
    zooplankton
    food ingestion
    phytoplankton
    mathematical model
    marine ecosystem
    herbivorous copepod
    Opis:
    This paper presents the numerical simulations of the influence of food ingestion by a herbivorous copepod on phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses (PZB) in the sea. The numerical studies were carried out using the phytoplankton- -zooplankton-nutrient-detritus PhyZooNuDe biological upperla yer model. This takes account both of fully developed primary production and regeneration mechanisms and of daily migration of zooplankton. In this model the zooplankton is treated not as a ‘biomass’ but as organisms having definite patterns of growth, reproduction and mortality.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radioactivity of the food at Novi Sad markets
    Radionuklidy w żywności z targowisk Nowego Sadu
    Autorzy:
    Varga, E.
    Bikit, I.
    Slivka, J.
    Zikić-Todorowić, N.
    Veskovic, M.
    Conkić, L.
    Mrda, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340290.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Główny Instytut Górnictwa
    Tematy:
    żywność
    radionuklidy
    spektrometria gamma
    dawka na wskutek wniknięcia drogą pokarmową
    food
    radioactivity
    radionuclide
    gamma spectrometry
    ingestion dose
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2004, 1; 35-36
    1643-7608
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of Radiological Dose around a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II Research Reactor
    Autorzy:
    Rahman, A. F. M. M.
    Shamsuzzaman, M.
    Rahman, M. S.
    Uddin, K.
    Yeasmin, S.
    Nazmul, Haque H. M.
    Akramuzzaman, M. M.
    Chakraborty, S. R
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    source term
    release rate
    TRIGA Mark-II reactor
    dispersion
    ingestion and deposition of radionuclide
    Gaussian plume model
    dose calculations
    Opis:
    A hypothetical accidental case of a 3-MW TRIGA Mark-II research reactor has been assumed to assess the radiological consequences due to the deposition of 137Cs and 90Sr on ground, vegetation, milk and meat. The air concentrations in sixteen cardinal directions have been estimated where the maximum concentration has been found to be at 110 m distance from the core of the reactor for all the directions. Calculated maximum doses of 137Cs, 90Sr and both 137Cs and 90Sr have been found to be within the ranges of 0.005-0.014 μSv hr–1, 0.013-0.036 μSv hr–1 and 0.018-0.05 μSv hr–1, respectively for all the directions, which are below the measured background dose limit 0.25 μSv hr–1 and also within the IAEA acceptable dose rate limit of 0.5 μSv hr–1. The calculated low doses due to the aforementioned radionuclides can be considered negligible with regard to the radiation hazards. The relationship between total effective dose rate for various pathways (i.e. immersion, inhalation, ground deposition, and ingestion of contaminated vegetation, milk, meat) and air concentration in all the directions has been established. Obtained relation reveals that the total effective dose rate is directly proportional to the air concentration, and the overall proportionality constants for 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides have been obtained as 0.57 and 0.28, respectively. This study might provide information on the radiological safety required for the radiation protection purposes of the people living in the vicinity of the reactor site.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 10, 2; 183-200
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Narażenie mieszkańców Zabrza na metale ciężkie emitowane z hałd poprzemysłowych
    Exposure of Zabrze residents to heavy metals emitted from post-industrial waste heaps
    Autorzy:
    Piekut, A.
    Krzysztofik, L.
    Gut, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400720.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    metale ciężkie
    narażenie pozażywieniowe
    szacowanie narażenia
    wtórne pylenie
    hałdy
    heavy metals
    exposure through non-dietary ingestion
    exposure estimation
    secondary dusting
    heaps
    Opis:
    Celem pracy była ocena pozażywieniowego narażenia mieszkańców Zabrza na metale ciężkie zawarte w odpadach pogórniczych i pohutniczych, składowanych na terenie tego miasta w postaci hałd. Próbki materiału odpadowego pobrane z pięciu hałd znajdujących się w Zabrzu, poddano analizie chemicznej na Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, As, Ni, Cr, Cu. Wyniki analizy chemicznej posłużyły do szacunkowej oceny narażenia mieszkańców Zabrza, drogą pozażywieniową, na kadm, ołów i rtęć i stanowiły podstawę do oceny ryzyka zdrowotnego związanego z wtórnym pyleniem z hałd poprzemysłowych. Większość przebadanych próbek pobranych z hałd poprzemysłowych w Zabrzu (70%) wykazała stężenia metali ciężkich (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) przekraczające wielokrotnie najwyższe dopuszczalne wartości, przez co stanowić mogą istotne źródło narażenia mieszkańców miasta na te metale. Maksymalna wartość dopuszczalna stężenia przekroczona była 27-krotnie. Szacunkowa ocena narażenia mieszkańców Zabrza drogą pozażywieniową na Pb obecny w odpadach zgromadzonych na jednej z hałd wskazuje na istotne zagrożenie dla osób spacerujących lub biegających na tym terenie, w wyniku pylenia wtórnego powierzchni. Obecność wysokich stężeń metali w analizowanych próbach, zwłaszcza toksycznego i kancerogennego kadmu, ołowiu oraz arsenu, wskazuje na konieczność zabezpieczenia powierzchni hałd przed wtórnym pyleniem oraz wdrożenie innych działań prewencyjnych, zmniejszających narażenie mieszkańców Zabrza na metale ciężkie.
    The aim of the study was to assess the non-dietary exposure of Zabrze residents to the heavy metals contained in the post-mining waste stored in this city in the form of heaps. The samples of waste material taken from five heaps located in Zabrze, were subjected to the chemical analysis related to the Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg, As, Ni, Cr, and Cu content. The results of the chemical analysis were used to estimate the exposure of Zabrze residents by non-dietary ingestion to cadmium, lead and mercury and they were the basis for assessing the health risk associated with secondary dusting from post-industrial dumps. The vast majority (70%) of the tested samples taken from the industrial waste in Zabrze showed the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Zn) exceeding the highest acceptable values many times, which could constitute a significant source of exposure of the city residents to these metals. In the extreme case, the maximum admissible concentrations were exceeded 27 times. Estimation of the non-dietary exposure of Zabrze inhabitants to the Pb present in the waste collected on one of the dump indicates a significant risk for people walking or running on this area, as a result of secondary dusting. The presence of such high concentrations of heavy metals, especially very toxic and carcinogenic cadmium, lead and arsenic in the analyzed samples indicates the need to protect the surface of waste dumps from secondary dusting and to implement other preventive measures that reduce the exposure of Zabrze residents to heavy metals.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2018, 19, 4; 30-36
    2081-139X
    2392-0629
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria Ekologiczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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