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Tytuł:
Weighted integral inequalities related to Wirtinger’s result for p-norms with applications
Autorzy:
Dragomir, Silvestru Sever
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Wirtinger’s inequality
trapezoid inequality
Gruss’ inequality
Jensen’s inequality
Opis:
In this paper we establish several natural consequences of some Wirtinger type integral inequalities for p-norms. The corresponding weighted versions and applications related to the weighted trapezoid inequalities, to weighted Gruss’ type inequalities and reverses of Jensen’s inequality are also provided.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2021, 75, 1; 37-51
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
People’s Evaluations of Income Inequality and the Gini Coefficient Different in Details, Similar in Patterns
Autorzy:
Jancewicz, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-08-22
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
income inequality
inequality
transfer principle
inequality perception
multidimensional scaling
Opis:
Recent studies suggest that the Gini coefficient’s and people’s evaluations of income inequality differ. Thus, we risk adopting policies that decrease the coefficient but not the inequality people see. This article argues that the coefficient does reflect people’s perception of inequality, at least in relation to the criticised Pigou-Dalton Transfer Principle stating that inequality falls whenever a person with higher income gives a small part of it to a person with lower income. Results from a questionnaire experiment where 105 WUT students evaluated inequality of different income distributions confirm that answers strictly following the principle are rare (around 3% of the sample). However, the average correlation between respondents’ and Gini’s evaluations was relatively high (0.693). Furthermore, when respondents’ evaluations were averaged, the correlation jumped to 0.954. An MDS analysis confirms that while these evaluations differed in details, the pattern common to respondents’ evaluations was in line with the Gini coefficient.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2019, 207, 3; 289-304
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On new multiple extension of Hilbert’s integral inequality (2)
Autorzy:
Sulaiman, W.T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/745879.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
Inequalities
Hilbert inequality
Holder inequality
Opis:
Via Laplace transformation some new generalization of Hardy-Hilbert’s integral inequality is given.
Źródło:
Commentationes Mathematicae; 2007, 47, 1
0373-8299
Pojawia się w:
Commentationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On new multiple extension of Hilbert’s integral inequality
Autorzy:
Sulaiman, Waadallah Tawfeeq
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/746566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
Inequalities
Hilbert inequality
Holder inequality
Opis:
This paper gives a new multiple extension of Hilbert’s integral inequality generalizing many known results.
Źródło:
Commentationes Mathematicae; 2006, 46, 2
0373-8299
Pojawia się w:
Commentationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wzrost gospodarczy a optymalne zróżnicowanie dochodów w USA i Szwecji
Economic Growth and the Optimal Inequality of Income in the US and Sweden
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Witold
Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
income inequality
economic growth
optimal inequality
Opis:
Inequality of incomes is one of the significant factors forming the social capital. Two views dominate among economists dealing with the influence of inequality of income on economic growth. On the one hand, a too low inequality of income does not motivate people to increase the labour productivity. A low inequality of income might result from an extended social care system and overloading GDP with social transfers. A good example of it may be a situation when the unemployed refuses to accept a job offer and prefers the unemployment benefit rather to a slightly higher salary. Moreover, a lack of incentives for the employee who fails to acknowledge the economic sense of increasing the productivity of his work might lead to the slower growth of economy. On the other hand, a contrary view suggests that an increase of the inequality of income has a negative impact on the economy. The accumulation of wealth by a small number of citizens raises doubts about good use of that wealth for investments necessary for the growth of the economy. An excessive inequality of income is confronted with disapproval of the significant part of society and regarded as unfair and unjustified. It may also increase the crime level and decrease the trust and, more generally, lead to the weakening of social capital. The arguments above lead to a hypothesis that the influence of the inequality of income on the growth of the economy has a non-linear character. We confirmed this hypothesis in growth models of the US and Swedish economies. We assess the historically optimal inequality of income measured by the Gini coefficient at 46% and 24% for the US and Sweden respectively. The optimal inequality of income in Poland was assessed previously at 29%. The dissimilarities may result from the cultural differences, educational level differences, ethnic differences and differences in diligence.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
General Lebesgue integral inequalities of Jensen and Ostrowski type for differentiable functions whose derivatives in absolute value are h-convex and applications
Autorzy:
Dragomir, Sever
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/747017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Ostrowski's inequality
Jensen's inequality
f-divergence measures.
Opis:
Some inequalities related to Jensen and Ostrowski inequalities for general Lebesgue integral of differentiable functions whose derivatives in absolute value are h-convex are obtained. Applications for f-divergence measure are provided as well.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2015, 69, 2
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic growth and the optimal inequality of income
Autorzy:
Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
income inequality
economic growth
optimal inequality
Opis:
Inequality of income is one of the significant factors forming social capital. Two views dominate among economists dealing with the influence of income inequality on economic growth. On the one hand, a too low level of income inequality does not motivate people to increase their labour productivity. Low inequality of income might result from an extended social care system and a GDP burdened with social transfers. A good example may be a situation when an unemployed person refuses to accept a job offer and prefers unemployment benefits to a slightly higher salary. Moreover, a lack of incentives for an employee who fails to acknowledge the economic sense of increasing the productivity of his or her work might lead to a slower growth of the economy. On the other hand, a contrary view suggests that an increase in inequality of income has a negative impact on the economy. The accumulation of wealth by a small number of citizens raises doubts about the good use of that wealth for the investments necessary for the growth of the economy. Excessive inequality of income is confronted with the disapproval of a significant part of society and is regarded as unfair and unjustified. It may also increase the crime rate, decrease trust and, more generally, lead to the weakening of social capital. The arguments presented above lead to the hypothesis that the influence of income inequality on the growth of the economy has a non-linear, parabolic character. We have confirmed this hypothesis in growth models of the US and Swedish economies. We assess the historically optimal inequality of income measured by the Gini coefficient at 46% and 24% for the US and Sweden, respectively. The optimal inequality of income for Poland was assessed previously at 29%. The dissimilarities may result from differences in culture, society, educational level and diligence.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 8; 89-99
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender differences in income distributions in Poland
Różnice w rozkładach dochodów kobiet i mężczyzn w Polsce
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, Julia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1913224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-13
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
nierówności dochodowe
nierówność płci
income inequality
gender inequality
Opis:
The paper presents results of a descriptive analysis of income distributions as well as top income inequality among women and men in Poland. The analysis is based on the dataset provided by the Council for Social Monitoring (2019). Throughout 2003–2015 their panel survey included, for example, a question on individual net monthly income in the past three months. In order to reduce differences associated with the age of entering and exiting the labour market on declared income levels (especially pensions), the calculations include only women and men aged 25–60 years. The analysis of income distributions of women and men in Poland is based on standard measures such as mean income, median income and related measures, as well as the Gini coefficient, Theil index and entropy index. It is supplemented by kernel density estimates and results of simultaneous quantile regressions that demonstrate differences between women and men across income groups. The analysis of top income inequality includes comparisons of subsamples consisting of top 3% earners in each group. The share of women in the top percentiles is then calculated and discussed. The analysis shows different dynamics related to the incomes of women and men, which provides support for including business cycle considerations in the analysis of income inequalities and their gender aspects.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy opisowej rozkładów dochodów kobiet i mężczyzn w Polsce ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nierówności w grupie osób o najwyższych dochodach. Analizę oparto o bazę danych opracowaną przez Radę Monitoringu Społecznego (w ramach projektu Diagnoza Społeczna). W latach 2003–2015 jedno z pytań zadawanych respondentom dotyczyło indywidualnego miesięcznego dochodu netto z ostatnich trzech miesięcy. W celu zmniejszenia wpływu różnic związanych z momentem wchodzenia na rynek pracy i przechodzenia na emeryturę analizę ograniczono do osób w wieku 25–60 lat. W analizie rozkładów dochodów kobiet i mężczyzn w Polsce wykorzystano m.in. standardowe miary, takie jak średni dochód lub mediana dochodu oraz wskaźniki oparte na tych miarach, jak również współczynniki Giniego, Theila oraz entropii. Poza tym wykorzystano jądrowe estymatory gęstości i przedstawiono wyniki estymacji regresji kwantylowej pokazującej różnice dochodowe między kobietami i mężczyznami w różnych grupach dochodowych. Następnie dokonano porównania między podpróbami kobiet i mężczyzn uzyskujących najwyższe dochody (przyjęto próg 3% dla każdej płci). Przedstawiono również udział kobiet w grupie osób o najwyższych dochodach. Przeprowadzona analiza ujawniła m.in. zróżnicowanie dynamiki dochodów kobiet i mężczyzn, co stanowi argument za uwzględnieniem w analizie nierówności dochodowych także czynników cyklicznych, które mogą odmiennie oddziaływać na obie płci.
Źródło:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2020, 63; 210-232
1898-5084
2658-0780
Pojawia się w:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Generalized perturbed Ostrowski-type inequalities
Autorzy:
Bohner, Martin
Khan, Asif
Khan, Maria
Mehmood, Faraz
Shaikh, Muhammad Awais
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Ostrowski’s inequality
perturbed inequality
twice differentiable
Opis:
In this paper, we present new perturbed inequalities of Ostrowski-type, for twice differentiable functions with absolutely continuous first derivative and second-order derivative in some \(L^p\)-space for \(1\leq p\leq \infty\).
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2021, 75, 2; 13-29
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimating the parameter of inequality aversion on the basis of a parametric distribution of incomes
Autorzy:
Kot, Stanislaw Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
income inequality
inequality aversion
estimation
income distribution
Opis:
Research background: In applied welfare economics, the constant relative inequality aversion function is routinely used as the model of a social decisionmaker?s or a society?s preferences over income distributions. This function is entirely determined by the parameter, ?, of inequality aversion. However, there is no authoritative answer to the question of what the range of ? an analyst should select for empirical work. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is elaborating the method of deriving ? from a parametric distribution of disposable incomes. Methods: We assume that households? disposable incomes obey the generalised beta distribution of the second kind GB2(a,b,p,q). We have proved that, under this assumption, the social welfare function exists if and only if ? belongs to (0,ap+1) interval. The midpoint ?mid of this interval specifies the inequality aversion of the median social-decisionmaker. Findings & Value added: The maximum likelihood estimator of ?mid has been developed. Inequality aversion for Poland 1998?2015 has been estimated. If inequality is calculated on the basis of disposable incomes, the standard inequality?development relationship might be complemented by inequality aversion. The ?augmented? inequality?development relationship reveals new phenomena; for instance, the stage of economic development might matter when assessing the impact of inequality aversion on income inequality.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 3; 391-417
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On discontinuous quasi-variational inequalities
Autorzy:
Chu, Liang-Ju
Lin, Ching-Yang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
variational inequality
quasi-variatioal inequality
Ricceri's conjecture
Karamardian condition
Hausdorff continuous multifunction
Kneser's minimax inequality
Opis:
In this paper, we derive a general theorem concerning the quasi-variational inequality problem: find x̅ ∈ C and y̅ ∈ T(x̅) such that x̅ ∈ S(x̅) and
⟨y̅,z-x̅⟩ ≥ 0, ∀ z ∈ S(x̅),
where C,D are two closed convex subsets of a normed linear space X with dual X*, and $T:X → 2^{X*}$ and $S:C → 2^D$ are multifunctions. In fact, we extend the above to an existence result proposed by Ricceri [12] for the case where the multifunction T is required only to satisfy some general assumption without any continuity. Under a kind of Karmardian's condition, we give a partial affirmative answer to an unbounded quasi-variational inequality problem.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2007, 27, 2; 199-212
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reverse and improved inequalities for operator monotone functions
Autorzy:
Dragomir, Sever
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Operator monotone functions
Lowner-Heinz inequality
logarithmic operator inequality
Opis:
In this paper we provide several refinements and reverse operator inequalities for operator monotone functions in Hilbert spaces. We also obtain refinements and a reverse of Lowner-Heinz celebrated inequality that holds in the case of power function.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2020, 74, 2; 19-29
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jensen and Ostrowski type inequalities for general Lebesgue integral with applications
Autorzy:
Dragomir, Sever
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/747184.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Ostrowski’s inequality
Jensen’s inequality
f-divergence measures
Opis:
Some inequalities related to Jensen and Ostrowski inequalities for general Lebesgue integral are obtained. Applications for f-divergence measure are provided as well.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2016, 70, 2
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spaces defined by the level function and their duals
Autorzy:
Sinnamon, Gord
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1290183.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
function spaces
Hölder's inequality
Hardy's inequality
dual spaces
Opis:
The classical level function construction of Halperin and Lorentz is extended to Lebesgue spaces with general measures. The construction is also carried farther. In particular, the level function is considered as a monotone map on its natural domain, a superspace of $L^p$. These domains are shown to be Banach spaces which, although closely tied to $L^p$ spaces, are not reflexive. A related construction is given which characterizes their dual spaces.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1994, 111, 1; 19-52
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O pewnej implikacji
Autorzy:
Górowski, Jan
Łomnicki, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-07-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
homographic function
inequality
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to show how the process of provinga theorem in different ways or proving generalized versions of the theorem,after learning one its proofs, influences the development of the skills of provingtheorems and analysing proofs by the students of mathematics. Toillustrate this process we use an elementary theorem about numbers and itsgeneralizations, giving fourteen proofs. Proving theorems we use methodsand facts which are available to high school students.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia; 2016, 8; 77-86
2080-9751
2450-341X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Income inequalities: axioms of income inequality measures and peoples perceptions
Autorzy:
Jancewicz, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1198719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Income Inequality
Inequality Axioms
Questionnaire Experiments
Transfer Principle
Population Symmetry
Opis:
Studies show that people perceive income inequality differently than most popular income inequality measures and axioms (postulated properties of inequality) indicate. This article synthesizes and reviews different results on income inequality perception. It presents basic income inequality axioms and analyses the level of support found in multiple studies. The paper shows that while answers to particular questions seldom perfectly agree with income inequality measures, the general pattern of respondents' answers is strongly correlated with these measures. It also argues that the observed differences can be partially explained by following Amartya Sen’s suggestion that income inequality is a multidimensional concept (1973, p. 48).
Źródło:
Decyzje; 2016, 25; 21-42
1733-0092
2391-761X
Pojawia się w:
Decyzje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regional Income Inequalities In Poland And Italy / Rozkład Nierówności Według Regionów w Polsce i We Włoszech
Autorzy:
Jędrzejczak, Alina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
income inequality
poverty
inequality decomposition
nierówność dochodu
ubóstwo
rozkład nierówności
Opis:
Reducing regional inequality was one of the key means of promoting the “harmonious development” within Europe envisioned in the EEC Treaty of 1957. The pursuit of “economic, social and territorial cohesion” through ever closer regional and national harmonisation was also proclaimed in the 2007 Lisbon Treaty, but deepening European integration has not always been matched with convergence in living standards between sub-national regions. The gap between poorer and richer areas increased during the last economic crisis even in some developed economies, and the income discrepancy between richer and poorer regions is likely to widen further as government-spending cuts disproportionately hurt less prosperous regions. Regional inequalities can be measured in many ways - the extent of inequality may be mapped in terms of demography, income and wealth, labour markets, and education and skills. The main objective of this presentation is to analyse regional inequalities in terms of household income distribution. The empirical evidence comes from the GUS, Istat and Bank of Italy databases and has been analysed by means of inequality and poverty indices calculated at NUTS 1 and NUTS 2 levels. In order to work out the intraregional and inter- regional contributions to the overall inequality, the Gini index decomposition has been applied. While presenting similar levels of income concentration, Poland and Italy turned out to follow different regional inequality patterns.
Redukcja różnic między regionami Europy była głównym celem polityki “zrównoważonego rozwoju”, której założenia znalazły się już w tzw. Traktatach Rzymskich (1957). Postępujący proces integracji europejskiej tworzył wciąż nowe instrumenty i inicjatywy (tzw. mechanizmy solidarności), wyrażające dążenie do niwelowania ekonomicznej i społecznej nierównowagi między regionami. Okazało się jednak, że różnice między regionami biednymi i bogatymi w wielu krajach wcale się nie zmniejszają, a spowolnienie gospodarcze spowodowało odwrócenie pozytywnych tendencji nawet w krajach relatywnie najbardziej rozwiniętych. Różnice między regionami (NUTS -Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) można mierzyć z punktu widzenia rozwoju demograficznego, poziomu dochodów i zamożności, sytuacji na rynku pracy, edukacji itp. Głównym celem prezentacji jest analiza porównawcza różnic regionalnych w Polsce i we Włoszech, biorąc pod uwagę rozkłady dochodów gospodarstw domowych.Parametry tych rozkładów, a w szczególności miary nierówności i ubóstwa, oszacowane zostały dla jednostek terytorialnych na poziomie NUTS 1 i NUTS 2 na podstawie danych pochodzących z badań reprezentacyjnych prowadzonych przez GUS, Istat oraz Bank of Italy. Przeprowadzono następnie analizę wpływu różnic między regionami oraz różnic wewnątrz regionów na całkowitą nierównomierność rozkładu dochodów w każdym z analizowanych krajów, wykorzystując do tego celu dekompozycję współczynnika Giniego według podpopulacji. Pozwoliło to na wykrycie istotnych różnic w rozkładzie nierówności dochodowych w Polsce i we Włoszech, mimo zbliżonego poziomu współczynnika Giniego.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2015, 18, 4; 27-45
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regional inequalities within the Visegrad group over the years 2000–2018
Autorzy:
Neszmélyi, György Iván
Vinogradov, Sergey
Nagy, Henrietta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
regional inequality
national-level inequality
Visegrad group
Theil-index
Opis:
In the present study the authors examined the spatial disparities of the Visegrad four countries to see whether the lasting cooperation of the four countries resulted in harmonious economic development or increasing gaps between the years 2000 and 2018. Based on the research results it can be concluded that regional disparities between core and periphery regions of V4 countries still have not been eliminated to a significant extent. Despite the fact that the Visegrad Group has been in the EU for 18 years, the catching-up of its regions occurred with various speed, and no harmonised development can be observed within the Group.
Źródło:
European Spatial Research and Policy; 2022, 29, 1; 5-24
1231-1952
1896-1525
Pojawia się w:
European Spatial Research and Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The atlas of inequality aversion: theory and empirical evidence on 55 countries from the Luxembourg Income Study database
Autorzy:
Kot, Stanisław Maciej
Paradowski, Piotr R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22443170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
inequality aversion
Atkinson Index
income distribution
inequality
utility function
Opis:
Research background: In the distributive analysis, the constant relative inequality aversion utility function is a standard tool for ethical judgements of income distributions. The sole parameter ? of this function expresses a society?s aversion to inequality. However, the profession has not committed to the range of ?. When assessing inequality and other welfare characteristics, analysts assume an arbitrary level of ?, common to all countries and years. This assumption seems unjustified. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to estimate the parameter ? for each country and year individually using datasets from the Luxembourg Income Study Database in all available years, which dates back to the 1970s. Methods: We utilise the method of estimating ?, which assumes the generalised beta of the second kind distribution of incomes. The estimator of ? is derived from the mathematical condition of the existence of the social welfare function.  Findings & value added: We have elaborated an ?atlas? of  388 estimates of ? for 55 countries across time. Inequality aversion is country-year specific, with a minimum of 0.97 and a maximum of 3.8. Ninety per cent of all estimates are less than 2.5. Inequality aversion is negatively correlated with income inequality, but it is independent of economic development. Thus, inequality aversion appears as an additional dimension of the classical inequality-development relationship. This article contributes to solving a fundamental problem of Welfare Economics: directly measuring the social utility of income (welfare) function. The estimates of ? for 55 countries imply a complete knowledge of these countries' constant relative inequality aversion utility functions.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2022, 17, 2; 261-316
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Hermite–Hadamard type inequalities for the square norm in Hilbert spaces
Autorzy:
Dragomir, Silvestru Sever
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078951.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Convex functions
Hermite–Hadamard inequality
midpoint inequality
power and exponential functions
Opis:
Let \(\left( H;\left\langle \cdot ,\cdot \right\rangle \right)\) be a complex Hilbert space and \(f:[0,\infty )\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be convex (concave) on \([0,\infty )\). If \(x, y\in H\) with \(Re \left\langle x,y\right\rangle \geq 0\), then\begin{align*}f\left( \frac{\left\Vert x\right\Vert ^{2}+Re \left\langle x,y\right\rangle +\left\Vert y\right\Vert ^{2}}{3}\right) & \leq \left( \geq\right) \int_{0}^{1}f\left( \left\Vert \left( 1-t\right) x+ty\right\Vert^{2}\right) dt \\& \leq \left( \geq \right) \frac{1}{3}\left[ f\left( \left\Vert x\right\Vert^{2}\right) +f\left[ Re \left\langle x,y\right\rangle \right] +f\left(\left\Vert y\right\Vert ^{2}\right) \right] .\end{align*}Some examples for power functions and exponential are also provided.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica; 2021, 75, 2; 31-44
0365-1029
2083-7402
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio A – Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some remarks on the altitude inequality
Autorzy:
Jarboui, Noômen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965848.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
valuation domain
altitude inequality
restrictive altitude inequality
locally Jaffard domain
Opis:
We introduce and study a new class of ring extensions based on a new formula involving the heights of their primes. We compare them with the classical altitude inequality and altitude formula, and we give another characterization of locally Jaffard domains, and domains satisfying absolutely the altitude inequality (resp., the altitude formula). Then we study the extensions R ⊆ S where R satisfies the corresponding condition with respect to S (Definition 3.1). This leads to a new characterization of integral extensions.
Źródło:
Colloquium Mathematicum; 1999, 80, 1; 39-52
0010-1354
Pojawia się w:
Colloquium Mathematicum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On some inequality of Hermite-Hadamard type
Autorzy:
Wąsowicz, S.
Witkowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/254903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
convex function
Hermite-Hadamard inequality
Fejer inequality
simplex
approximate integration
Opis:
It is well-known that the left term of the classical Hermite-Hadamard inequality is closer to the integral mean value than the right one. We show that in the multivariate case it is not true. Moreover, we introduce some related inequality comparing the methods of the approximate integration, which is optimal. We also present its counterpart of Fejér type.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2012, 32, 3; 591-600
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Unpredicted Rise of Populism: The Case of Poland
Autorzy:
Tomczak, Danuta A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-10-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
globalisation
inequality
populism
democracy
Opis:
This article investigates the rise of populism in Poland, applying an interdisciplinary method, with political, social, and economic factors as the compound reason for the turn from liberalism towards populism. The methodology of the study is the exploratory analysis of research, historical materials on Poland`s transition to capitalism, and calculation of the selected empirical data of household incomes, linked to election results, in the regional cross-section. The household economic condition was validated by a report on deprivation and the presented growth of households’disposable income, exposing regional differences between the selected voivodeships. The populist party Law and Justice (PiS) won the two last elections, with the majority of votes in low-income regions, which proved the hypothesis that economic inequality, amplified by globalisation and transition disparities were the main reasons for populism’s prevalence. The democratic backsliding has not changed party-political scenery for very long, which revealed that for the majority of Polish voters, economic upgrading counted more, despite the violation of democracy. Therefore, the advance of knowledge about measures to reduce the in-country socioeconomic disparities between regions has become more important.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2023, 10, 57; 304-322
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Has Economic Growth in Balkan Countries Been Pro-Poor in the 2012–2017 period?
Autorzy:
Zwierzchowski, Jan
Panek, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
economic growth
poverty
inequality
Opis:
The study investigates whether economic growth in the Balkan countries was pro-poor in the most recent period. We also try to establish to what extent various measures of pro-poorness of economic growth produce consistent and comparable results. Firstly, concepts of pro-poor growth are defined and corresponding approaches toward measuring pro-poor growth are presented. We distinguish between measures based on a general class of pro-poor indices and a dominance-based techniques. In the empirical part of the study, we verified whether economic growth in six Balkan countries (Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia) was pro-poor in the 2012–2017 period. The analyses is based on the latest available panel data of the European Union Survey on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). Growth was pro-poor in Croatia, Romania and Slovenia during the whole analysed period. The growth pattern was non pro-poor in Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia in certain years, mainly during periods of economic downfall. Various measures of pro-poor growth patterns do not produce consistent results in all instances. The results of the conducted comparative analysis suggest that the level of social benefits does not directly influence the pro-poor nature of the economic growth.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2022, 9, 56; 76-92
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Generalized Levinsons inequality and exponential convexity
Autorzy:
Pecaric, J.
Praljak, M.
Witkowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/255037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
Levinson's inequality
exponential convexity
Opis:
We give a probabilistic version of Levinson's inequality under Mercer's assumption of equal variances for the family of 3-convex functions at a point. We also show that this is the largest family of continuous functions for which the inequality holds. New families of exponentially convex functions and related results are derived from the obtained inequality.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2015, 35, 3; 397-410
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 511

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