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Tytuł:
Editorial: Political Power and Human Nature in Ancient Thought
Autorzy:
Pasierbek, Wit
Świercz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Human Nature
Opis:
Ancient reflection on political power culminated in Greek philosophy and the political and legal thought of the Roman Empire. There is a broad range of literature dedicated to both of these topics. Greek and Roman thought remain a source of inspiration for many philosophical and philosophical-political formations. The problems and questions posed by Greek philosophy, regardless of the social and cultural conditions in which they were formulated, are the foundation of European culture. Among the most important problems that we inherited from the ancient Greeks is reflection on the essence of political power, reflection on nature in general and the nature of man in particular, as well as on the issue of the political system and the nature of state law. In the context indicated above, Greco-Roman civilization is the birthplace of democratic and republican regimes. However, it is also home to the critique of democracy, which has its source in philosophical reflection on truth and justice. To this day, critical reflection on democracy, understood both as an idea ordering social life and as a specific political system, refers, as its source, to ancient reflection. Heraclitus of Ephesus and Plato are most often cited in this context...
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2019, 10, 32; 7-8
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy solidarność jest przeciwna ludzkiej naturze? Spojrzenie z perspektywy biologii ewolucyjnej
Is Solidarity Contrary to Human Nature? Insights from Evolutionary Biology
Autorzy:
Beyer, Gerald J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
solidarity
human nature
evolutionary biology
Opis:
Contemporary theological and philosophical ethicists posit the ability of human beings to achieve solidarity with one another on a large social scale. However, many people, including politicians and key decision-makers, have argued that this kind of solidarity is not possible. Several current anthropological theories, such as those undergirding neoclassical economic theory and the realist school of international relations, maintain that individuals and nations essentially act in their own interest. “Selfish” human nature discounts the possibility of broad and sustained solidarity. This paper addresses the question of whether or not human nature contains the potential and impulse to practice solidarity to ever greater degrees. First, it briefly defines solidarity. Next it summarizes competing views among biologists on the consistency between human nature and solidarity. Then it turns to the work of renowned evolutionary biologists David Sloan Wilson and Frans de Waal to demonstrate that solidarity may be more consistent with human nature than many acknowledge.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2012, 153; 51-66
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Living in the Sunken Place: Notes on Jordan Peele’s ”Get Out” as Gothic Fiction
Autorzy:
Bastos da Silva, Jorge
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/605672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
gothic
identity
human nature
animal
possession
Opis:
Der Artikel enthält Zusammenfassungen nur in Englisch.
The gothic imagination often expresses a sense of the instability and/or vulnerability of human identity, bearing either on specific individuals or on the species as a whole. The present article examines the 2017 film Get Out, written and directed by Jordan Peele, in order to highlight the ways in which its exploration of the abovementioned topic relates to the tradition of the gothic as it is recognisable in literary texts dating from as far back as the eighteenth century. Relevant titles include Walter Scott’s Count Robert of Paris and Robert Louis Stevenson’s Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, as well as examples from film.
L'article contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
Źródło:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature; 2019, 43, 2
0137-4699
Pojawia się w:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dżuma w Italii. O zapomnianym traktacie Della peste Angela Antonia Frari
Plague in Italy. On the forgotten treatise Della peste Angelo Antonio Frari
Autorzy:
Karwacka-Pastor, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
plague
treaty
Frari
Italy
human nature
Opis:
Angelo Antonio Frari, a 19th century doctor and writer, devoted his life to studying the plague. In his treaty entitled Della peste published in Venice in 1840, he presented the history of the plague pandemic, describing its symptoms and ways of curing throughout centuries. His work is not only a medical, anthropological, and ethical treaty, but also an account of events seen by a witness, who, having recovered from the plague, became involved in fighting with this disease in Italy and abroad. The author of the treaty delves into pondering on human nature, morality, and choices, and he presents various attitudes in the light of the epidemic. This work is also a source of information on how 19th century healthcare used to work and contains tips on how to avoid catching the disease. The subject matter of the treaty is still up to date, since the last word of this disease has not been said yet and it continues to be a threat to the human race.
Źródło:
Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia; 2021, 21; 321-334
1509-4146
Pojawia się w:
Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Reflection on the Human Nature and the Power in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 from the Legal-Constitutional Research Perspective
Autorzy:
Litwin, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-05
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
power
authority
human nature
constitution
values
Opis:
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main research aim of the article is the analysis of the relations between the conception of the human nature and the main purposes of the power in the rules of the Constitution of Poland. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem of the article is how the constitutional conception of the human nature influences the conception of power and its purposes expressed in the Constitution. The article presents the legal-constitutional research perspective and is based on various methods of interpretation of the constitutional rules. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article analyses the constitutional conceptions of the human nature, power and its purposes, as well as their mutual relations. RESEARCH RESULTS: It seems that the constitutional conception of the human nature has only partial influence on the rules of the constitution describing the power and its purposes. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The conception expressed in the preamble of the Constitution describing the Polish citizens as accepting such fundamental and universal values as truth, justice, good and beauty is inadequate. It should be removed and these values could be introduced to art. 8 along with such value as “wisdom”, as the set of fundamental values protected by the Constitution.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2021, 12, 39; 67-88
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Havy Tirosh-Samuelson krytyka transhumanizmu
Hava Tirosh-Samuelson’s criticism of transhumanism
Autorzy:
Wójtowicz, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/546235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Religioznawcze
Tematy:
transhumanism
human nature
cyber-immortality
happiness
Opis:
The growing popularity of the ideas of transhumanists prompts philosophical reflection on this current of contemporary thought. Hava Tirosh-Samuelson in numerous publications analyzed the historical context of transhumanism and the significance of its most important theses. She undertook research on issues such as human nature, life extention, cyber-immortality, happiness, and religious aspects. Her fundamentally critical opinion about transhumanism is supported by sound arguments. The presented analyzes are certainly not final – they can inspire and encourage further research.
Źródło:
Przegląd Religioznawczy; 2019, 2/272
1230-4379
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Religioznawczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Philosophical Remarks on Educating Genuine Leaders
Autorzy:
Tarasiewicz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
leader
leadership
education
philosophy
human nature
Opis:
The author intends to make an appeal for paying closer attention to human nature in educating genuine leaders. His philosophical approach embraces following topics: (1) whether leaders are born with talents and traits that allow, or even cause, them to be successful leaders, or whether effective leadership behaviors can be learned through education and experience; (2) whether the influence exercised by groups or individuals can be considered as a necessary and sufficient factor in explaining leadership; (3) whether leaders lead the followers to achieve the required end for the sake of the end itself, or rather that of those who are to achieve it – in other words, whether the followers exist for the end or the end for the followers. The author concludes that well-educated leaders are those who know not to confuse the ultimate end with particular ones in their own life and in that of others.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2012, 14; 57-67
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Will Posthumanism be the End of the Homo Sapiens Era?
Autorzy:
Mazur, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2190122.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-02-06
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
transhumanism
cultural posthumanism
discourse
human nature
human condition
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to answer the question whether posthumanism is the end of the homo sapiens era. The multitude of posthumanisms can be reduced to two main views: cultural posthumanism and techno-humanism. cultural posthumanism postulates a change in the image of man, while technological posthumanism postulates his enhancement. Posthumanist discourse cannot change human nature, but it does affect his condition. Although human nature is unchangeable, the corporeal-biological aspects of this nature are particularly susceptible to modifications. At the same time, it is difficult to indicate the actual boundaries of where the introduced changes either enhance or impair man.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2023, 12, 1; 83-103
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transhumanism, Human Nature and Culture: a Preliminary Sociological Contextualization
Autorzy:
Lipowicz, Markus
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
transhumanism
human nature
religion
education
symbolic universe
Opis:
The main objective of the article is to present a preliminary contextualization of transhumanism on the basis of some of the classical motifs in social theory. In the first section, I critically refer to the most popular definitions of transhumanism and comment on some of the inherent discrepancies within its own techno-progressive agenda. In the second section, I briefly scrutinize some of the critical reactions against the concept of biotechnological human enhancement with regard to its paradoxical appeal to religion, its ambivalent stance towards education, and to the concept of human nature. Finally, I confront the cultural implications of transhumanism by applying Émile Durkheim’s critique of modern humanism as well as Peter L. Berger’s and Thomas Luckmann’s theory of symbolic universes. In general, I interpret transhumanism as an anthropological paradigm shift that entails a cultural recentering of late-modern societies on the basis of a new, technology-centered symbolic universe.
Źródło:
Studia Socjologiczne; 2021, 4; 59-81
0039-3371
Pojawia się w:
Studia Socjologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PROBLEM DOBRA WSPÓLNEGO
THE PROBLEM OF COMMON GOOD
Autorzy:
Landowski, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507288.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
human nature
common good
society
individualism
collectivism
realism
Opis:
The main purpose of this article is to discuss the relation between the understanding of human being and the concept of common good. On the one hand, materialist and spriritualist concepts of man lead to the univocal understanding of bonum commune, on the other hand, dualist anthropology entails a breakdown of the unity of common good. The author reveals weak points of these approaches and undertakes an attempt of examining realist vision of man and its impact on the notion of bonum commune. He starts with analyzing the complex structure of human being, which includes the potential and actual nature of human person. Against the background of the personalist anthropology, the author concludes that the common good has not only a material or instrumental, but above all a personal dimension, which makes this good both common and non-antagonistic.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2013, 2; 107-128
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Meaning of Concepts of Human Nature in Organizational Life in Business Ethics Context
Autorzy:
Horodecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
organizational culture
concepts of human nature
business ethics
Opis:
The main goal of this paper is to exhibit the role of the concept of human nature for the ethical orientation of organizational life. Therefore, after presenting some definitions of the concepts of human nature, which depict the complexity of these phenomena, some models of the concepts of human nature are described. Furthermore, the setting of the concepts of human nature in the organizational life is discussed. Those concepts can be perceived as a deep-structure of the organizational life, having an impact not only on the individual behaviour of employees and managers (like sensibility for human emotions, pro-social engagement, communication style), but also affecting their moral competence and influencing whole organizational culture – image of the organization, preferred management strategies and the way of perceiving justice. Those elements play crucial role in ethical attitude of the organization because all those variables support the efficacy of ethical rules and most of them are part of ethical code and corporate ethical code. Therefore, it is necessary for an organization to consider implicit and explicit concepts of human nature on which the organizational culture is based and support those concepts, which enables the ethical conduct of the organization and being alert especially to the consequences of materialistic/egoistic and competitive concepts of human nature. The theses discussed in the paper are supported by some empirical research studies conducted in this field.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2014, 17, 4
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kreatywność antropologiczna
Anthropological creativity
Autorzy:
Kopciuch, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/686754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ludzka natura
kreatywność
wolność
human nature
creativity
freedom
Opis:
The paper deals with the general relation between different models of human nature and possible diverse senses of creativity. The main thesis says that because of various potential meanings of newness and creativity connected with it there is no such model that principally excludes the possibility of creative behavior. However, the most extreme sense of creativity is contained only in these anthropological models that negate the material nature of man. To justify this opinion, I refer especially to the concepts formulated by J. Ortega y Gasset and J.-P. Sartre.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest ogólna relacja między różnymi modelami ludzkiej natury a możliwymi różnymi sensami kreatywności. Gówna teza stwierdza, że ze względu na różne możliwe znaczenia nowości oraz związanej z nią kreatywności nie istnieje taki model, który by wykluczał możliwość zachowań kreatywnych. Jednakże najbardziej skrajny sens kreatywności zawierają tylko te modele, które negują materialną naturę człowieka określonej materialnie. W celu uzasadnienia takiego ujęcia odwołuję się szczególnie do koncepcji J. Ortegi oraz J.-P. Sartre’a.
Źródło:
Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne; 2018, 7, 2; 44-55
2450-4491
Pojawia się w:
Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gilgamesh, Political Power, and Human Nature
Autorzy:
Świercz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Gilgamesh
Enkidu
human nature
political power
political philosophy
Opis:
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of the article is an analysis of the Epic of Gilgamesh from the perspective of political philosophy. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main research problem undertaken in this article is the problem of human nature and its connection with political power in light of the Sumero-Akkadian Epic of Gilgamesh. The article is based on an analysis of the source text (the Epic of Gilgamesh) in the English version by Andrew George, with the secondary literature also taken into consideration. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The point of departure is a justification of the subject undertaken here, with a reference to Leo Strauss’ political philosophy. Next, three key aspects of the subject matter are analyzed: the humanization of Enkidu, the search for immortality, and the conception of political power. RESEARCH RESULTS: The main result of the scientific analysis is the indication of themes concerning the significance and understanding of human nature and their relationship to the concept of political power that formed in Mesopotamia. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In the conclusions, the author indicates the unmistakable presence of a notion of human nature in Sumero-Akkadian reflection, as well as the connection between this notion of human nature and a paradigm of political power. The author also points to a religious aspect crucial for understanding these concepts.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2019, 10, 32; 31-46
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transhumanizm a rozwój praw człowieka
Transhumanism and Human Rights Development
Autorzy:
Smyczek, Sara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2119569.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
transhumanizm
prawa człowieka
natura ludzka
transhumanism
human rights
human nature
Opis:
The development of genetic engineering, artificial intelligence and new technologies is a contemporary concern regarding its impacts on the idea of humanity and, particularly in law, on the idea of human rights. The aim of the paper is to formulate the conceptual scope of the posthumanitarian subject, which becomes an important contribution to the study of a wider problem, which is the question about the direction of development of human rights and freedoms in the era of posthumanitary. Through the analysis of theoretical views, the author attempts to establish a connection between the concept of a human nature and the idea of human rights in order to verify belonging to the human species as the main measure for choosing entities that are entitled to human rights and freedoms.
Źródło:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris; 2019, 46, 3; 125-137
1689-4286
Pojawia się w:
Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Education in the Formation of Human Sociability
Autorzy:
Knežić, Ivana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
education, human nature, sociability, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Opis:
Aim: The paper aims at highlighting philosophical roots of the relation issue between nature and education in the process of socialization. Method: For the purpose of the research critical philosophical analysis and comparison of Thomas Hobbes’ and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s texts has been used. Concept: The first part of the paper clarifies the concept of nature and explains changes in understanding of this concept thorough the history of philosophy, with the special emphasis on transformation that happened in transition from medieval to modern period. Since both Hobbes and Rousseau are representatives of modern philosophy, the second section of the paper shows how modern concept of nature manifests in the works of the two philosophers and compares, in a more detailed way, their understanding of human nature or natural state of mankind, focusing on comparison of their concepts of human natural unsociability. The third part examines more closely the role of education in transformation of human individuals into social beings. Results: Research shows that, for the two philosophers, the role of education in the process of socialization consists in denaturalization of human beings. Conclusion: Hobbes’ and Rousseau’s idea of the relation of education and nature in the process of socialization constitutes a basis for justification of manipulations of education for political ends. To avoid such manipulations and find the adequate concept of education, paper suggests to search for the adequate concept of human nature first.      Key Words: education, human nature, sociability, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2020, 11, 1; 15-29
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Karol Wojtyla’s Conception of Personhood from the Perspective of Cognitive Sciences
Autorzy:
Wojewoda, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1622359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07-23
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Karol Wojtyla
person
human nature
free will
cognitive sciences
Opis:
We use the term “person” when we want to point out that human existence is unrepeatable and unique. The assumption that man is a person constitutes a basis for the belief in the dignity, efficacy, and responsibility of the human individual. Karol Wojtyla built his conception of the person in the context of theological and philosophical discussions. Even though Wojtyła’s conception has been given a great deal of scholarly attention, it is worthwhile to juxtapose it with contemporary anthropological theories that derive from cognitive sciences. Cognitivists usually base their theories on biological and sociological premises. Some conclusions arrived at in the area of the cognitive sciences lead to mind-brain reductionism, a theory in which the human being is regarded as a body endowed with the function of the brain and as an entity whose individual traits are shaped by its social and cultural environment. This position undermines the ideas of free will and the substantial singularity of the human person. However, debates with this position have worked out a non-reductionist alternative, a theory known as emergentism. This theory treats the human mind as a distinct faculty, one which emerges as a phase in the brain’s development. Emergentists base their reasoning on the assumptions that the body is a unity and that the mind is not identical with it. It is my belief that emergentism can be fruitfully applied to the dynamic understanding of the person put forward by Wojtyła in the middle of the 20th century.
Źródło:
Philosophy and Canon Law; 2021, 7, 1; 1-17
2450-4955
2451-2141
Pojawia się w:
Philosophy and Canon Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Homososi są wśród nas czy homosos jest w nas? Próba konfrontacji myśli Aleksandra Zinowiewa i Józefa Tischnera o sytuacji człowieka w świecie
Homososi Among Us or Homosos Inside Us? Confronting Aleksander Zinowiew's and Józef Tischner's Thoughts on the Condition of Man in the World
Autorzy:
Mizdrak, Inga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2036194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
natura ludzka
jednostka
homosos
wolność
human nature
individual
freedom
Opis:
Współczesny spór o naturę człowieka, rozgrywający się na płaszczyźnie etycznej, aksjologicznej, społecznej, religijnej czy kulturowej, w sposób wyraźny jest skontekstualizowany, co oznacza, iż człowiekowi można przyglądać się z bardzo różnych perspektyw, przybliżając się w dookreślaniu jego istoty. Wydaje się, iż ważnym przyczynkiem antropologicznym w ujmowaniu człowieka staje się pojęcie homososa, które w niejednoznaczny i skomplikowany sposób odwołuje się do profilu specyficznego „typu” jednostki, będącej ucieleśnieniem z jednej strony człowieka radzieckiego (sowczłeka), sługi i beneficjenta komunizmu, z drugiej zaś kogoś, kto staje się reprezentantem zjawisk zachodzących we współczesnej kulturze. Projekt „nowego człowieka”, jak go określa Aleksander Zinowiew, oraz „klient komunizmu”, o którym pisze Józef Tischner, nie są tymi samymi określeniami homo sovieticusa, wskazują bowiem na odmienne aspekty ludzkiej natury i odsyłają do różnych zagadnień antropologicznych. Stąd niniejsze rozważania oscylują wokół analityki „ja” homososa, wydobywając zeń to, co zagraża współcześnie człowiekowi. Podstawowym pytaniem analizy staje się kwestia, na ile homosos jest bytem zredukowanym do kontekstu systemu komunistycznego, a na ile można mówić o „etosie” homososa zasymilowanego przez współczesnego człowieka.
The contemporary debate on the nature of man, carried out on the ethical, axiological, social, religious or cultural grounds, is contextualized, which means that a human being can be viewed from many different perspectives, in order to get closer to the true definition. It seems that the definition of homosos, which refers to a particular “type” of individual, a member of the Soviet Union (sowczłek), a servant and a beneficiary of communism, as well as a representative of phenomena occurring in contemporary culture, is an important factor in the description of man. The project of a “new man”, as described by Zinowiew, and the “client of communism”, as described by Tischner, are not the same descriptions of homo sovieticus. They indicate different aspects of human nature and refer to different anthropological ideas. This is the reason why this paper revolves around the analysis of the “I” of the homosos and bringing out the resulting dangers for human beings of today. The basic question is to what extent is homosos an entity reduced to the context of the communist system, or maybe there is a homosos “ethos”, assimilated by the contemporary human.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologiczne; 2018, 65, 11; 191-203
2353-7272
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Universe We Think In by James V. Schall
Autorzy:
Dougherty, Jude P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507436.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
James V. Schall
modern philosophy
metaphysics
politics
human nature
Opis:
This paper is a review of the book: James V. Schall, The Universe We Think In (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2019). The author discisses the reasons and consequences of modern philosophy’s propensity to neglect the innate or purposeful direction of human life.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2019, 8, 2; 497-501
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elementy psychologii pozytywnej w nawiązaniu do rozważań Arystotelesa
Elements of positive psychology in reference to the Aristotelian theory
Autorzy:
Juruś, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/527064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
eudaimonia
positive psychology
concept of good
virtues
human nature
flow
Opis:
In the paper I argue, contrary to the statement uttered once by Martin Seligman, that Aristotelian theory of eudaimonia (one of the key concept of positive psychology) is not subjective and based on uncertain principles. I reconstruct Aristotelian theory of eudaimonia and argue that the concept of good is neither subjective nor objective but relational. It means that a thing, act or action is good if it contributes to one’s eudaimonia. I also pinpoint that the concept of flow, which seems to be a “discovery” of positive psychology, must be based on the theory of virtues and the doctrine of human nature, which are the foundations of the Aristotelian view.
Źródło:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2012, 4; 11-20
1643-8299
2451-0858
Pojawia się w:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy psychologia potrzebuje koncepcji ludzkiej natury?
Autorzy:
Flis, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/637353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
action
culture
evolution
human nature
metaphysics
mind
myth
rationality
thinking
Opis:
The primary thesis of this article is in accord with the postulate that notions about mankind are rooted in the concept of human nature. From the perspective of the history of ideas, it is clearly evident that the essence of the human being is intertwined with history while the influence of this intrinsic understanding of man has been and continues to exceed that of history. The strongest evidence of this is found in the philosophy of the human individual constantly present in the psychological discourse despite the intervening, temporary dominance of the empirical paradigm. The belief that everything can be measured and counted stems from mythical thought. This text undertakes an attempt to categorize the conceptual apparatus of contemporary cognitive science. Concurrently, it indicates the definitions and relationships which encompass such concepts as the mind, consciousness, and thinking.
Źródło:
Psychologia Rozwojowa; 2012, 17, 1; 31-38
1895-6297
2084-3879
Pojawia się w:
Psychologia Rozwojowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Demokracja i mizantropia. Przemiany wyobrażeń na temat ludu a problem intelektualnego uprawomocnienia demokracji
Democracy and Misanthropy. Changes in Perceptions of the People and the Problem of Intellectual Legitimacy of Democracy
Autorzy:
Nowak, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-06
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Oświecenie
demokracja
mizantropia
natura ludzka
Enlightenment
Democracy
Misanthropy
Human Nature
Opis:
CEL NAUKOWY: Celem tego artykułu jest analiza związku między wy‑ obrażeniami z zakresu antropologii filozoficznej a problemem intelektualnej prawomocności demokracji. PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: W artykule próbuję odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jaki jest związek między poglądami na temat natury ludzkiej a sto‑ sunkiem do demokracji. Analizuję ten problem interpretując klasyczne dzieła z zakresu myśli politycznej. PROCES WYWODU: Punktem wyjścia jest konstatacja: niechęć wobec demo‑ kracji wyrastała w dużej mierze z mizantropii. Demokracja nie była uznawana za ustrój godny poparcia, ponieważ nie wierzono w racjonalność zwykłego czło‑ wieka i jego zdolność do odpowiedzialnego uczestnictwa w życiu publicznym. Ta sytuacja zmienia się w epoce Oświecenia, kiedy to podważono pesymizm antropologiczny i sformułowane zostały teorie stanowiące podstawę dla idei intelektualnej prawomocności demokracji. Późniejszy bieg wypadków w du‑ żym stopniu te teorie zakwestionował, ale mimo to demokracja na Zachodzie uznawana jest za jedyną prawomocną formę rządu. WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Analiza prowadzi do sformułowania poglądu o paradoksalnym charakterze współczesnej demokracji. Z jednej stro‑ ny, istnieje konsensus co do intelektualnej prawomocności demokracji, z dru‑ giej – w teorii i praktyce powszechnie kwestionowana jest zdolność zwykłego człowieka do rozumnego uczestnictwa w życiu publicznym. WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Wyniki analizy powinny skłonić politologa do zmiany sposobu rozumienia charakteru współczesnej demo‑ kracji. Ustrój ten nosi nazwę demokracja, ale wydaje się mieć coraz mniej wspól‑ nego z nadziejami tych autorów, którzy sformułowali jej intelektualne założenia.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to analyse the relationship between ideas of philosophical anthropology and the problem of intellectual legitimacy of democracy. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS:  In the article I am trying to answer the question, what is the relationship between views on human nature and attitude to democracy. I analyse this problem by interpreting classic works of political thought. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The starting point is the statement: aversion to democracy arose largely from misanthropy. Democracy was not considered as intellectually legitimate regime, because it was not believed in the rationality of an ordinary person and his ability to participate responsibly in public life. This situation changes during the Enlightenment, when anthropological pessimism was undermined, and the theories underlying the idea of the intellectual legitimacy of democracy were formulated. The later course of events largely questioned these theories, but nevertheless democracy in the West is considered as the only legitimate form of government. RESEARCH RESULTS: This leads me to a view on the paradoxical nature of modern democracy. On the one hand, there is a consensus regarding the intellectual legitimacy of democracy. On the other hand, in theory and practice, the ability of ordinary people to participate reasonably in public life is commonly questioned. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The results of the analysis should prompt the political scientist to change the way of understanding the nature of modern democracy. This system is called democracy, but it seems to have less and less to do with the hopes of those authors who formulated its intellectual assumptions.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2020, 11, 34; 13-26
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Między ludzką naturą a esencjalizmem. Fragmenty „Unfinished Dialogue”
Essentialism and Human Nature. Excerpts from “Unfinished Dialogue”
Autorzy:
Berlin, Isaiah
Polanowska-Sygulska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531731.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-01
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej – Sekcja Polska IVR
Tematy:
Isaiah Berlin
Unfinished Dialogue
esencjalizm
natura ludzka
essentialism
human nature
Opis:
W tekście zamieszczono fragmenty książki Isaiaha Berlina oraz Beaty Polanowskiej-Sygulskiej „Unfinished Dialogue”, która ukazała się w Nowym Jorku w 2006 r. Fragmenty te obejmują jeden z listów brytyjskiego filozofa skierowany do autorki w roku 1986 i opublikowany wcześniej w „The New York Review of Books” oraz zapis rozmowy przeprowadzonej w 1988 r. pomiędzy Isaiahem Berlinem, Johnem Grayem a autorką.
The text consists of the excerpts from a book “Unfinished Dialogue” by Isaiah Berlin and Beata Polanowska-Sygulska published in New York in 2006. The passages include one of the letters that the British philosopher wrote to Beata Polanowska-Sygulska in 1986, printed earlier in „The New York Review of Books”, and a transcript from a discussion between Isaiah Berlin, Beata Polanowska-Sygulska and John Gray that took place in 1988.
Źródło:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej; 2015, 2(11); 5-19
2082-3304
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Capital Grace of the Word Incarnate According to Saint Thomas Aquinas
Autorzy:
Siemering, Lucia Marie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:
Jesus Christ
capital grace
habitual grace
instrumental efficient causality
human nature
divine nature
Opis:
The doctrine of capital grace was developed during the Scholastic period and bears on many areas of theology including ecclesiology, Christology, sacraments, and Trinitarian theology with regard to the missions of the Word and the Holy Spirit. Viewed from a Christological standpoint, capital grace sheds light on how Christ in his human nature can be said to be a source of grace to the members of the Church. Following his contemporaries, the young Thomas Aquinas espoused a view in which Christ is a meritorious, ministerial, and dispositive cause of grace according to his human nature, and an efficient cause according to his divinity. After a deeper reading of John Damascene’s treatment of Christ’s humanity being an instrument of his divinity, Thomas was able to articulate a view in which Christ’s human nature is an instrumental efficient cause of grace. This view undergirds Aquinas’s strong conception of Christ as one acting person in two natures.
Źródło:
Studia Gilsoniana; 2016, 5, 2; 327-343
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:
Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
David Hume’s Theory of Action
Autorzy:
Van den Abbeel, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010385.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
theory of action
motivation
passion
reason
will
liberty
necessity
human nature
Opis:
The main goal of this paper is to reconstruct David Hume’s theory of action from the perspective of the second book Of the Passion in his work A Treatise of Human Nature. My paper will proceed in three steps. In the first part I present the main assumptions of Hume’s views on action together with a general outline of his theory. I show that for Hume action has a uniform character and that there is a constant relation between action and the motive which can be understood as desire or aversion. Next, in the second part, the main elements involved in the process of human activity will be outlined, such as: passions, will, liberty, and reason. Although Hume emphasizes that the passions are the main motive of action, since they have the power to initiate and withhold action, reason also plays an important role. In order to come to a better understanding, I will consider the functions which these elements are playing in human action and some of the problematic issues which are connected with them such as, whether each of the passions can motivate a person to action, what the relationship between passions and will is, and what kind of relation between passions and reason can be found. Finally, in the third and last part of my paper, I will conclude with a schematic outline of human action and the relation between different components engaged in the process of action.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 2(112); 53-65
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
John Stuart Mill o pragnieniu bycia sobą w społeczeństwie
John Stuart Mill’s reflections on the desire to remain oneself in the society
Autorzy:
Baranowska, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/472742.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-01-10
Wydawca:
Collegium Witelona Uczelnia Państwowa
Tematy:
John Stuart Mill
alienacja
natura człowieka
społeczeństwo
alienation
human nature
society
Opis:
Pomimo licznych opracowań poglądów Johna Stuarta Milla warto ponownie pochylić się nad jego twórczością, ponieważ odnieść ją można do współczesnych interpretacji rzeczywistości społeczno-politycznej. Opisywane przez niego zagrożenia, które niesie za sobą liberalna demokracja, nadal są aktualne. Mill podkreślał, że najdonioślejszą tematyką, której warto poświęcać czas, jest człowiek, dlatego też w artykule dokonano analizy jego zapatrywań w tej kwestii, proponując nową perspektywę. Zaprezentowano jego poglądy przez pryzmat teorii alienacji sformułowanej przez Karola Marksa. Zrekonstruowane zostały zapatrywania Milla na naturę człowieka. Człowiek jest dla niego istotą racjonalną, ale również emocjonalną. W swym postępowaniu kieruje się egoizmem, ale nieobce mu są też zachowania altruistyczne. W tym punkcie widać rewizję założeń klasycznego liberalizmu. Wypływała ona z jego osobistych doświadczeń. Po określeniu zapatrywań na naturę człowieka Mill stwierdził, że we współczesnym społeczeństwie człowiek nie żyje zgodnie z naturą (żyje życiem wyalienowanym), co uniemożliwia mu osiągnięcie szczęścia. W celu naprawy tej sytuacji przedstawił konkretne zasady, takie jak wolność, równość, tolerancja i sprawiedliwość, na których należy oprzeć społeczeństwo, by każdy mógł zachować swą indywidualność i być szczęśliwym. Szczęście zaś jest w jego przekonaniu osiągalne, dlatego warto do niego dążyć.
In spite of the existence of numerous studies on the doctrine of John Stuart Mill, it is worthwhile to take a closer look at his works again, as they are relevant to the contemporary interpretations of the socio-political reality. His account of threats brought about by liberal democracy still seems up-to-date. According to him, the most significant issue worth researching on is the human being himself. Therefore this paper contains an analysis of his views on the subject, the latter being approached from a new perspective. The author introduces a new method of analysis of Mill’s views in the light of Carl Marx’s alienation theory. Mill considers people to be not only rational, but also emotional beings. Their conduct is conditioned by some egoistic drives, even though they are also capable of behaving in an altruistic manner. At this point, Mill’s revision of the assumptions of classical liberalism becomes quite apparent, which is the result of his personal experiences. Having defined his views on the human nature
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy; 2017, 1, 22
1896-8333
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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