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Tytuł:
Ethics‘ view of the dispute over the roots of economic crises
Autorzy:
Ryziński, Remigiusz
Halčišáková, Nikola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147555.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
great economic crisis
causes of economic crisis
John Maynard Keynes
Milton Friedman
Opis:
Our article is an attempt to compare opinions on the causes of the global economic crisis of 1929–1934, as well as to express the ethical consequences that result from the comparison of opinions. First of all, we tried to present several intellectual responses to the causes of the crisis, as well as their evaluation. We were most interested in those authors who either consider the corrective interventions of the state as a legal entity in the macroeconomics to be desirable or, conversely, harmful. We have largely focused on the conflicting views of John Maynard Keynes and Milton Friedman, but we have also touched on other positions. Finally, we have expressed an opinion on the ethical consequences that are linked to the mentioned adversarial views. We have carefully tried to express the view that at least some state intervention in the economy is necessary, as the market is not omnipotent at the macroeconomic level.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2021, 1(34); 15-25
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielki kryzys gospodarczy w opinii „Lewiatana” i Górnośląskich Sfer Wielkoprzemysłowych
The great economic crisis in the opinion of industrial spheres of the Second Polish Republic
Autorzy:
Zagóra-Jonszta, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
wielki kryzys
sfery wielkoprzemysłowe
monopolizacja
II Rzeczpospolita
great crisis
large industrial spheres
monopolization
Second Polish Republic
Opis:
Cel – Artykuł ma na celu prezentację postawy przedstawicieli i rzeczników sfer wielkoprzemysłowych II Rzeczypospolitej wobec wielkiego kryzysu gospodarczego. Zarówno wielki kapitał skupiony w Centralnym Związku Polskiego Przemysłu, Górnictwa, Handlu i Finansów, zwanym „Lewiatanem”, jak i przemysłowcy górnośląscy, których interesy reprezentował Górnośląski Związek Przemysłowców Górniczo-Hutniczych, bronili się przed negatywnymi skutkami kryzysu, śląc do rządu petycje, w których domagali się: ulg podatkowych, zwolnienia z ceł, dotacji, zmniejszenia obciążeń socjalnych itp., w przeciwnym razie grożąc masowymi zwolnieniami pracowników. Jednocześnie szukali łatwiejszego przetrwania dekoniunktury w przyspieszonym procesie monopolizacji przemysłu. Metoda badań – Zastosowano metodę analizy źródeł, metodę porównawczą oraz prostą metodę opisu. Oryginalność/wartość – W artykule przytoczono wypowiedzi i publikacje przedsiębiorców oraz ich rzeczników, jak również raporty dotyczące postulatów przemysłowców pod adresem rządu. W tekście wykorzystano opracowania przedwojenne oraz powojennych historyków gospodarczych, jak też źródła archiwalne, zwłaszcza dotyczące sfer przemysłowych Górnego Śląska.
Purpose – The article aims to present the attitude of representatives and spokespersons of large-scale industrial spheres of the Second Polish Republic towards the great economic crisis. The large capital concentrated in the Central Union of the Polish Industry, Mining, Trade and Finance, called “Lewiatan”, as well as the Upper Silesian industrialists, whose interests were represented by the Upper Silesian Association of Mining and Metallurgical Industrialists both defended themselves against the negative effects of the crisis. They sent petitions to the government in which they demanded tax breaks, exemption from customs duties, subsidies, reduction of social burdens, etc., otherwise threatening with mass dismissals of employees. At the same time, they were looking for the easier survival of the recession in the accelerated process of monopolizing of the industry. Research method – The source analysis method, comparative method and simple description method were used. Originality /value – The article cites statements and publications of entrepreneurs and their spokespersons, as well as reports on industrialists’ demands for the government. The text uses both pre-war and post-war economic historians studies as well as archival sources, especially regarding the industrial spheres of Upper Silesia.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2021, 1(103); 24-39
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Savings and Liquidity Gluts and the American Long-Term Interest Rates Before the Great Financial Crisis
Autorzy:
Parosa, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
Great Financial Crisis
savings glut
banking glut
liquidity glut
global liquidity
Opis:
Objectives: This article examines the impact of the global savings glut on the long-term interest rates in the United States before the Great Financial Crisis. It presents the impact mechanics of global savings on interest rates, discusses arguments supporting and contradicting the significance of this phenomenon, presents an alternative concept, namely global liquidity glut, and estimates the significance of both phenomena in shaping long-term interest rates in the USA before the crisis. Research Design & Methods: First, the impact of purchases of the US treasury bonds made by foreign investors on long-term interest rates is being assessed. Second, metrics representing global savings and liquidity gluts are being used to explain those purchases. Finally, a counterfactual exercise is used to reveal the impact that each of those factors had on the American ten-year treasury yields. Findings: The statistical analysis of both effects shows that foreign purchases of the Treasuries lowered the US longterm interest rates by up to 140 bps, with excess global savings depressing them by approximately 45 bps, and excess liquidity by another 75 bps. Implications / Recommendations: Monetary policy, as well as savings rates, might have wider than only local consequences. Excess liquidity and savings in one country can impact interest rates in other areas. Contribution / Value Added: This article presents an alternative and neglected in literature explanation for the phenomena of low long-term interest rates before the Great Financial Crisis in the USA, namely global liquidity glut that depressed interest rates more powerfully than excessive global savings, contributing to the development of the investment bubble on the housing market and, thus, the Great Financial Crisis.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2019, 4(50); 63-82
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Great Economic Crisis in Poland (1929–1935) in the Context of the Global Crisis
Autorzy:
Klimiuk, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Great Crisis
industrial and agricultural crisis
economic downturn
deflation
stagnation
economic recovery
boosting the economic situation
public spending
foreign trade
state interventionism
Opis:
The aim of the article was to analyze the causes and consequences of the great economic crisis in Poland in the context of the world economy and the global crisis. The first symptoms of the crisis became evident in June 1929, when production began to decline, and in August that year price drop began. After these events, the economic situation in Poland was systematically deteriorating. The year 1935 can be considered the end of the crisis in Poland, despite the fact that the industrial crisis began to break through gradually already in 1933. The great economic crisis was a global phenomenon, even though it did not start in all countries at the same time. It depended on the internal economic situation of each of them. It stood out against the background of previous economic crises due to the fact that only the introduction of state interventionism in the form of the “New Deal” program in the USA brought about an improvement in the situation, and therefore, in 1933, some economic recovery began in the world. However, in some parts of the world (including Poland), due to the specific features of their economies, the crisis lasted until 1935. The crisis of 1929–1935 was rightly called “the great crisis”, not only because of economic problems, but also due to political consequences, i.e., the strengthening of totalitarian systems in Western Europe and the growing importance of the communist movement around the world (the USSR was the only country not affected by its consequences). The great economic crisis was characterized by: longevity – in industrial countries it lasted until 1933, and in agricultural countries until 1935; depth of impact – it covered all areas of the economy: industry, agriculture, domestic and foreign trade, transport, monetary and credit system; wide geographic scope – it covered all countries of the world connected with the world capitalist system and capitalist economies; the scale of the decline in economic growth rates – in the history of economic crises to date, the world economy has not experienced such a deep collapse and stagnation.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2022, 40 (47); 25-42
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE POST-CRISIS WORLD: THE WORLD ECONOMY IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE GREAT FINANCIAL DOWNTURN
Autorzy:
Czubocha, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599441.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
FREE MARKET CAPITALISM
GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS
GLOBALIZATION
RECESSION
THE GREAT FINANCIAL CRISIS
THE NEW NORMAL
Opis:
The great financial crisis of 2008/2009 precipitated substantial changes in the world economy, national economies and the world balance of power. Economists coined the term “the new normal” to describe the post crisis world. The new world order will be characterized by increased state intervention, a recession generation, the disconnect between the fate of big companies and labor, the end of upward social mobility, increased state capitalism, changes to the process of globalization and the growing influence of international capital on national economies. Advanced economies will undergo a period of economic stagnation whereas emerging economies will grow at a much faster pace. As a result, the world balance of power will change. Western countries will lose their influence as their share of the world economy will diminish. A new multi-polar world will be created in which Western economic rules and values will no longer be emulated. Free market capitalism, human rights and democracy will be weakened.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2010, 6, 4; 24-35
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka finansowa Powszechnego Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Wzajemnych w latach trzydziestych XX w.
Financial policy of PZUW [Mutual Insurance Company] in the 1930s
Autorzy:
Bednaruk, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Mutual Insurance Company
great economic crisis
insurance
interwar period
Second Republic of Poland
Opis:
The global economic crisis, lasting since 1929, led to a collapse on the Polish insurance market. As a consequence, numerous insurance companies went bankrupt and Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń Wzajemnych [Mutual Insurance Company], the largest insurer in the industry, had to urgently implement a recovery programme. It consisted in taking greater care of income from insurance premiums, while at the same time tightening the compensation payment system. As a result of sound financial policy, the PZUW authorities managed to survive and even strengthen the company’s position in the insurance industry. However, the outstanding premiums seriously burdened the insurer’s balance sheet, and this problem was not solved until the outbreak of World War II.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 513-524
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finansowanie akcji charytatywnej w diecezji katowickiej w czasie wielkiego kryzysu
Financing charity’s actions in the Diocese of Katowice during the great economic crisis
Autorzy:
Hadrych, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-29
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
działalność charytatywna
wielki kryzys gospodarczy
diecezja katowicka
II Rzeczpospolita
charity events
the great economic crisis
the Diocese of Katowice
the Church finances
Opis:
The great economic crisis caused disastrous social consequences, which resulted in significant deterioration of the financial situation of the inhabitants in the Diocese of Katowice. The most important negative consequences of the economic crisis included unemployment rate at about 40%, vast areas of poverty and the threat of demoralization (alcoholism, vagrancy, prostitution, street children). The Catholic Church took some measures to reduce the negative effects of the crisis. It took care of financing some activities, obtaining the support from the faithful (offerings, special donations, contributions from the members of charitable organizations), local government and central institutions, and organizing various charity events (evenings, dances, stage plays). Particular emphasis should be given to dedication of the clergy and the faithful involved in the work of charities. Their contribution greatly surpassed the donations of other inhabitants of the Province of Silesia. Those of the faithful who were the most aware of the situation- the clergy and parishioners- rose to the challenge and assisted people who were in need. Thanks to their work and generosity, the Church could successfully organize large-scale charity events.
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2017, 107; 131-144
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teoria kryzysów finansowych Minsky’ego i jej odniesienie do współczesności
Minsky’s Theory of Financial Crises and Its Impact on Contemporary Economics
Autorzy:
Nawrot, Wioletta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-10-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
global financial crisis
Great Depression
Hyman P. Minsky
Opis:
The fall of the U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers-one of the world’s largest financial institutions-in mid-September last year rocked the foundations of the global financial system and triggered what turned out to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Amid the global turmoil, international economists and financiers dusted off a 1980s book by American economist Hyman P. Minsky entitled Stabilizing an Unstable Economy. The book sheds new light on the ongoing financial crisis. One of the many strengths of this book is that it offers a consistent definition of a financial crisis in the modern economy. Nawrot’s article analyzes the latest financial turbulence in the world. The analysis makes use of methods based on a theoretical model developed by Minsky, which, for the needs of the article, was expanded to address the situation at the start of the 21st century. The author uses this comprehensive financial model to probe the essence of the ongoing crisis and identify its causes, course and possible implications. The analysis shows that the world’s financial markets are undergoing dynamic changes and that many financial market players are in debt. This, along with a changing breakdown of this debt, poses a serious threat for the future, Nawrot says.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2009, 235, 10; 49-70
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Caroline affair and the diplomatic crisis between Great Britain and the United States, 1837–1841
Autorzy:
Van Sang, Nguyen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041667.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Niepodległości
Tematy:
great britain
the united states
diplomatic crisis
caroline affair
mcleod case.
Opis:
Caroline affair has been one of the historical events of British-American diplomacy since the 1812 War to the Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1842. The beginning of accident was the destruction of the American Caroline ship by British Army forces in Upper Canada on December 29, 1837. When the incident occurred, the Anglo-American opinion on this issue was in stark contrast. The differences in opinion were the causes of the tension between the two countries. In the threat of occurring war, Great Britain and the United States held talks on Caroline affair. Caroline's handling of the problem had played a significant role in reducing tensions, paving the way for resolving conflicts in the relationship between the two countries through the Webster-Ashburton treaty in 1842. At the same time, this issue established new principles in international politics. This article would contribute to the history of Caroline affair, McLeod case and the history of British-American relations related to this issue from 1837 to 1841.
Źródło:
Prawo i Polityka; 2018, 8; 73-83
2080-5799
Pojawia się w:
Prawo i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka państw Wspólnoty Wschodnioafrykańskiej wobec kryzysu w regionie Wielkich Jezior
The policy of the East African Community States in the face of the crisis in the African Great Lakes region
Autorzy:
Bar, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Rwanda
Demokratyczna Republika Konga
EAC
kryzys w regionie Wielkich Jezior
Democratic Republic of the Congo
crisis in the African Great Lakes Region
Opis:
The conflict in the DRC has continued uninterrupted since 1994 and consumed about 5 million victims. Attempts to its completion are so far unsuccessful, despite the political commitment of the great powers and the UN forces. East African Community is the regional intergovernmental organization whose members are Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania. Cooperation within the East African Community, which is dominated by the issues of economic development is realized also in matters relating to the process of restoring peace in the region. The purpose of this article is to present the mediation of politicians of the EAC — as the most interested — to restore stability in the African Great Lakes Region.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2014, 17 - Konteksty bezpieczeństwa w Afryce. Konflikty, wojny, polityki bezpieczeństwa; 259-278
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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