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    Tytuł:
    Alfred North Whitehead. Filozoficzna wiara uczonego i jej wpływ na współczesną teologię i religię
    Autorzy:
    Gutowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131101.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-01-04
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Religioznawcze
    Tematy:
    Alfred North Whitehead
    process theism
    classical theism
    open theism
    God’s immutability
    God’s impassibility
    God of philosophers
    God of religion
    Józef Tischner
    Józef Życiński
    Socinians
    Opis:
    The subject of the article Alfred North Whitehead. The Philosophical Faith of a Scientist and Its Influence on Contemporary Theology and Religion is Whitehead’s concept of God, which constitutes the completion of his metaphysical system. The system provides a comprehensive vision of reality taking into account the modern state of science, and proposing a speculative solution to such persistent philosophical problems as the relationship between mind and body, God and evil, or freedom and determinism and indeterminism. Section 1 presents a brief biography of Whitehead highlighting his adolescent dissatisfaction with Anglicanism and moving closer to Catholicism, followed by a phase of secularism and agnosticism, and a later mature philosophical conception of God and religion. Section 2 presents the basic doctrines of Whitehead's metaphysics, and section 3 shows how process theism differs from classical, especially Thomistic theism. The dispute about the divine immutability and impassibility, questioned by Whitehead and his main intellectual successor Charles Hartshorne, is emphasized. Whitehead’s concept of God inspired many contemporary theologians and became an important competitor of classical theism. Process theism has not gained wider acceptance, despite the fact that it is more consistent with the scientific view of the world and better expresses certain aspects of popular Christian religiosity. This was mainly due to the rejection by process philosophers and theologians of traditional eschatology, and especially of the idea of subjective immortality. However, the process concept of God contributed, among others, to the emergence of open theism, which also had independent ancient sources, and to the adjustments made by many philosophers within classical theism. In Poland, Whitehead's metaphysics and philosophy of God influenced, among others, the work of Archbishop Józef Życiński. It is also worth mentioning that the Polish Socinians are regarded as precursors of process theism.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy; 2021, 4/282; 21-38
    1230-4379
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teizm – ateizm – religia. Mapa współczesnych sporów w filozofii religii
    Autorzy:
    Gutowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2134458.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-10-12
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Religioznawcze
    Tematy:
    Word-view pluralism
    theism
    atheism
    nature of God
    God of philosophers
    God of believers
    theism-atheism debate and: science
    changes in the moral landscape
    the notion of truth
    hypothetico-deductive methodology
    Opis:
    In the article Theism – Atheism – Religion. The Map of Contemporary Disputes the following theses are defended: 1) The contemporary philosophy of religion in the English-speaking world is dominated by philosophers who represent the analytical tradition understood broadly as ensuring clarity and precision of discourse, focusing on arguments controlled by logic but a the same time sensitive to the history of the discipline and to the developments in continental philosophy. 2) While in the last decades of the 20th century the problem of religious pluralism has become a key problem for the philosophy of religion, in the first two decades of the present century this position was taken over by world-view pluralism in which the basic differences are related to the theism-atheism debate. 3) Contrary to scholars representing the empirical sciences on religion, those who practice the philosophy of religion are usually not neutral towards the subject of their research: they are defenders or critics of theism and religion. This attitude is in line with the commonly accepted hypothetico-deductive methodology, which emphasizes the key role of preliminary hypotheses in explaining any phenomena. Such hypotheses should be further modified or abandoned if they are falsified by empirical data. The “empirical” data that could falsify theism or atheism are not clearly defined, so it is difficult to completely refute the initial hypothesis adopted by the philosopher of religion. However, modifications of their initial content are quite common. 4) The traditional problem of proofs for the existence of God has acquired a ritual character in contemporary discussions in the philosophy of religion: the argument of the supporters and critics of these proofs are not difficult to predict. On the map of the current debate between theism and atheism, the issue of the nature of God is in the foreground, with less attention being paid to the attributes of the “God of philosophers” defined solely by highly abstract features than to the attributes of “God of religion”, that is, God to whom people pray and in whose name they undertake various actions. The questions that are asked concern, inter alia, the legitimacy of treating certain commands written in the Bible (or other books recognized as sacred) as divine. According to atheists they are exclusive product of historical and cultural conditions, and they often contradict today’s scientific and moral knowledge. 5) The debate also concerns the problem of proper understanding of what should be morally allowed and forbidden. Conservative religious believers see moral changes as a source of evil, and liberal atheists and theists regard them as significant progress. Another problem concerns alleged support given by contemporary sciences to atheism. This support is connected mainly with the assumptions of naturalism and randomness of the evolutionary process, the acceptance of which seems to constitute not only Darwinian theory of evolution but also the evolutionary paradigm that is dominant in majority of sciences. While one can try to reconcile this assumption with deism, pantheism and the concept of a God completely transcendent to human knowledge, it cannot be reconciled with theism that recognizes the existence of God as at least partially knowable designer of the universe. For this reason, defenders of theism question these assumptions as illegitimate or even as inconsistent with the belief that theory of evolution is true.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy; 2020, 2/276; 21-36
    1230-4379
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Religioznawczy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The God of the Philosophers and the God of Faith according to Joseph Ratzinger: Analysis in the Context of the Ambiguity of the Concept of God in the History of Ancient and Modern Philosophy
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28328359.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    Benedykt XVI
    Joseph Ratzinger
    Emil Brunner
    Bóg filozofów
    Bóg wiary
    Benedict XVI
    God of philosophers
    God of faith
    Opis:
    Niniejszy artykuł proponuje rewizję koncepcji zaproponowanej przez Josepha Ratzingera, którą pierwszy raz sformułował podczas wykładu wygłoszonego w 1959 roku. Teolog z Ratyzbony bronił w nim pojęcia teologii naturalnej przed radykalnym jej odrzuceniem dokonanym w kręgu teologów dialektycznych, a szczególnie przez Emila Brunnera. Choć odrzucenie tez owych teologów jest całkowicie słuszne, to problematyczne pozostaje traktowanie Boga filozofów jako czystej myśli (reines Denken). Artykuł niniejszy wykazuje, że Bóg filozofów starożytnych nie może być tak postrzegany, bo taka wizja opiera się na kategoriach filozofii nowożytnej i współczesnej. Zaproponowane ujęcie Boga filozofów pozwala na odrzucenie tez teologów protestanckich w nowy sposób, przy jednoczesnym przyznaniu im racji co do idei Boga w filozofii nowożytnej i współczesnej jako antropomorficznego bożka.
    The article suggests a revision of the concept proposed by Joseph Ratzinger, which he first formulated in a lecture given in 1959. In it, the theologian from Regensburg defended the notion of natural theology against its radical rejection made in the circle of dialectical theologians, especially by Emil Brunner. While the rejection of the theses of these theologians is entirely correct, the treatment of the God of the philosophers as pure thought (reines Denken) remains problematic. The article demonstrates that the God of the ancient philosophers cannot be seen in this way, because such a vision is based on the categories of modern and contemporary philosophy. The proposed account of the God of the philosophers allows the theses of the Protestant theologians to be rejected in a new way, while admitting that they are right about the idea of God in modern and contemporary philosophy as an anthropomorphic idol.
    Źródło:
    Collectanea Theologica; 2023, 93, 4; 19-35
    0137-6985
    2720-1481
    Pojawia się w:
    Collectanea Theologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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