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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 91
Tytuł:
Effects of Gender and Athletic Participation on Driving Capability
Autorzy:
Hancock, P. A.
Kane, M. J.
Scallen, S.
Albinson, C. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89958.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
braking response
gender differences
athletic involvement
hamulce
siła
kierowcy i maszyniści
prowadzenie pojazdu
płeć
Opis:
This study sought to determine if spatiotemporal skills, represented by success in high level sport, transfer to driving and, if so, whether such transfer is mediated by the gender of the driver. Using an emergency-braking test, we compared the driving ability of male and female athletes and non-athletes and showed that athletes achieved significantly longer and therefore superior durations for time-to-contact. The advantage of athletic participation thus did not appear in movement time but rather in the ability to produce desirable performance in context. We found that males and females did not differ significantly with respect to driving, however, involvement in sport apparently transfers to aspects of driving and so provides benefits beyond the intrinsic reward of the sports activities themselves.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 2; 281-292
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Personality of Men and Women – Similarities and Differences. Temporal and Cultural Trends
Autorzy:
Mandal, Eugenia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28766326.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
gender differences
personality traits
personality development
Opis:
The article discusses similarities and differences in the personality development of men and women in their life-span. The analyses of the developmental psychology research show that boys and girls develop their own personality from the early years of their life, thus adapting themselves to the gender stereotypes. The article also contains a survey of meta-analyses concerning the personality traits of men and women, conducted in different countries from 1958 to 2001 (Maccoby, Jacklin, 1974, Hall, 1984, Feingold, 1994, Costa, Terraciano, McCrae, 2001). The metaanalyses show a coherent image of gender differences in personality traits concerning greater tender-mindedness in women and greater assertiveness in men. At the same time, they indicate temporal changes and trends connected with a tendency for differences to disappear. They also emphasize cultural distinctness.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2006, 8; 195-209
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Typologie žen a mužů v českých reklamách
Man and Woman in the Czech Advertising Discourse
Autorzy:
SRPOVÁ, HANA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
Czech advertisements
target group
male types
female types
verbal means of expression
gender differences
Opis:
The article deals with the different types of women and men in the Czech advertisements. The author starts from the premise that in order to increase the effectiveness of advertising, it is essential for advertisers to select suitable means of expression primarily on the basis of the needs or weaknesses of the target group (the segment of the population at which the product is mainly aimed, i.e. the group which is required to start buying the product), and in verbal terms, on the particular sociolect of the target group. The author’s research leads her to claim that it is actually the target group that plays the decisive role in the selection of advertising strategies. Women and men are not only target groups, but also useful models for visual and audiovisual advertising. The way in which people are used in advertising greatly reflects the stereotypes current in a particular society and at a particular time. In this sense advertising acts as a mirror of society - of its behaviours, value system, systems of relationships, and moral principles. The author analyses individual cases in which advertisers depict women and men. She classifies various types of women and men used in Czech mass media advertising, noting the verbal means, which differ depending on the target group.
Źródło:
Stylistyka; 2008, 17; 273-284
1230-2287
2545-1669
Pojawia się w:
Stylistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W kręgu polityki gender mainstreaming na przykładzie różnic w wynagrodzeniach pomiędzy kobietami a mężczyznami w Polsce
Autorzy:
Orzeł, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
gender mainstreaming
salary
differences
Opis:
This article in the short way presents analysis of the differences in the salary between women and man in Poland. Statistic are based on the investigations of 2003 to 2006 years. Analysis of this statistic is visibly point at deepening of differences in the salary between sex in Poland. However differently, in the space on the years, this differences forms depending on profession, age, education, working period. Differences in the level of salary is increased together with how high post are occupied. This different is 49% on the level of the directors or chairmen’s. This have a closely connection with education’s level. Women witch have a higher education and postgraduate training are in the worst situation because the differences in the salary comes up to 39%. Different in the salary to the advantage of man, increases with age and amounts from 21% to 17-23 years old to level 67% in case people between 36-40 years old. Newest investigations from 2006 year shows essential change with reference to outcome from 2003 year, because the lowest disproportion is now on the eldest age group (above 51 years old). In this case man earn only 12% more then women. This example have indirectly connection with negative trend of the work market connected to ageism regardless of sex. Disproportions witch are between professions are closely connection with line of business. It turned out that some profession treads like typically only for women or man. Only in one case women earns more than man – in the culture and art business. Summary the author claims that in the worst situations are women with higher education level, on the high post because they earn about 30% less than man. And to make a change this situation support and commitment of Poland’s government is needed.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2008, 1(1); 217-221
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nierówności płacowe kobiet i mężczyzn a struktura zatrudnienia w Unii Europejskiej
Earning inequality between men and women versus structure of employment in European Union
Autorzy:
Matuszewska-Janica, Aleksandra
Witkowska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
rynek pracy
dysproporcje płacowe
Structure of Earning Survey
Gender Pay Gap
labor market
wages differences
Opis:
Jedną z podstawowych zasad Unii Europejskiej jest „równa płaca za równą pracę”. Jednakże z badań statystycznych wynika, że w krajach UE kobiety przeciętnie zarabiają o 18% mniej od mężczyzn. Celem badań jest zbadanie wpływu wybranych czynników na dysproporcje płacowe. W prezentowanym opracowaniu przedstawiono wstępną analizę danych, pochodzących ze Structure of Earnings Survey, dotyczących nierówności płacowych kobiet i mężczyzn i struktury zatrudnienia w UE według wieku.
Equal pay for equal work” is one of the fundamental principles of the European Union. However, statistical surveys show that in EU countries women earn on average 18% less than men. The aim of research is to identify factors that influence payment disparities in EU member states. In the paper we present preliminary investigation of data collected for the Structure of Earnings Survey concerning structure of employment and so-called Gender Pay Gap.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2010, 11, 2; 211-221
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Czerwony Kapturek był śliczną dziewczynką, a Kopciuszek wyszedł za księcia…”- rozbieżności między rodzajem gramatycznym a naturalnym nazw bohaterek bajek i ich konsekwencje w tekstach
“Little Red Riding Hood was a pretty girl and Cinderella got married to a prince…” the differences between grammatical and natural gender of the names of fairy-tales female protagonists and its consequences in the texts
Autorzy:
Szczurek, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/460013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
językoznawstwo
nazwy bohaterek bajek
rodzaj gramatyczny
rodzaj naturalny
rozbieżności między rodzajem naturalnym a gramatycznym
linguistics
the names of fairy-tales female protagonists
grammatical gender
natural gender
the differences between grammatical and natural gender
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia problem rozbieżności między rodzajem naturalnym a gramatycznym nazw głównych bohaterek bajek o Kopciuszku i Czerwonym Kapturku. Przywołuje przykłady różnego zastosowania form gramatycznych składników w wypowiedzeniach, gdzie te postaci występują w roli podmiotu. Pokazuje, że w wydaniach bajek, w których formy dostosowywane są pod względem rodzaju gramatycznego nazw, może dojść do zaburzenia tożsamości podmiotu w obrębie jednego zdania. Zwraca uwagę na najbardziej logiczne rozwiązanie – uznanie, że rodzaj naturalny jest ważniejszy od gramatycznego przy charakteryzowaniu tych bohaterek.
The article presents the problem of the differences between grammatical and natural gender of the names of main female protagonists in the tales of Cinderella and Little Red Riding Hood. It shows the examples of usage of different gender categories in the text telling about the protagonists. It is possible to mix the gender identity of the protagonists in the texts. It stresses the most logical solution – using the natural gender which, in this situations, should be more important than the grammatical one.
Źródło:
Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk; 2011, 1
2084-1426
Pojawia się w:
Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emotional intelligence and emotion regulation strategies
Autorzy:
Śmieja, Magdalena
Kobylińska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-11-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
emotional intelligence
emotion regulation strategies
reappraisal
suppression
gender differences
Opis:
Do emotional abilities relate to specifi c strategies of emotion regulation? Do people with higher emotional intelligence (EI) use more effi cient affect regulation strategies? In the current study we tried to answer these questions. Using a sample of 349 undergraduate students, the present study explored the relationships between emotional intelligence (assessed with performance measure) and the habitual use of suppression and reappraisal. Results showed that higher emotional intelligence was related to more frequent use of reappraisal, and less frequent employment of suppression. As in the previous studies, males and females signifi cantly differed in suppression: men suppressed more than women. However, our results revealed that this difference could be attributed only to men with low EI. Emotionally unintelligent men used suppression more frequently not only in comparison to women, but also to men with higher EI. With respect to the habitual use of reappraisal, only men disclosed a signifi cant relation to EI level: those male participants who revealed the highest EI level declared employment of reappraisal more frequently than other groups.
Źródło:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies); 2011, 49, 5; 55-64
0081-685X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Psychologiczne (Psychological Studies)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender differences in allocation choices made by children aged 5 to 6
Autorzy:
Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz
Hełka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
social preferences
selfish preferences
economic decisions
children economic decisions
gender differences
cultural differences
Opis:
The main aim of this article is to supplement gaps in current knowledge concerning the development of competences related to goods allocation choices. We conducted a study in which 158 children aged 5 to 6 made choices concerning allocations of goods between themselves and the other, anonymous child. The crucial findings point to boys as more selfish in their choices than girls. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the claim that young children (especially boys) are aware that their choices are egoistic. Since our study adopted a similar methodology to that of the recent Swiss study, we were able to conduct cross-cultural analysis. The comparison of children’s choices in the Polish study and the Swiss one pictures Polish children as displaying a stronger egalitarian preferences and revealing egoistic preferences less frequently than the children from Switzerland.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2011, 42, 2; 46-51
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identifying the Linguistic Genderlects of the Style of Writing of Arab Male and Female Novelists
Autorzy:
Hamdan, Sameer
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
gender, novel, style, male, female, writing, differences, linguistics
Opis:
The studies of differences in language used by males and females appear mainly to have been focused on the spoken word and rarely on writing. This paper examines some linguistic differences that exist in male and female writing styles of Arabic novels. Some classes of lexical and syntactic features that identify the author’s gender are specified. The paper finds significant differences in the frequent use of some features such as colour, tag questions, verb vs. noun in initiating paragraphs, slang, taboo and euphemistic terms. inparticular, males tend to use many more nouns in initial paragraphs compared to females who tend to use fewer of this category. Females are more conservative in using sex-related words whether implicitly or explicitly. Females generally speaking seem to be more atten-tive and more likely to pay specific attention to detail, which in turn influences their style. Finally, anoticeable correlation between the characteristics of male-female writing and the literary genre (novel) is demonstrated. The source material consists of two modern novels written by amale and afemale, who are native speakers of Arabic and considered as canonical figures by some Arab and Jordanian critics.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2011, 2, 2; 55-63
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O różnicach między płciami w kontekście uczenia się i nauczania języków obcych
Gender differences in context of foreign language learning and teaching
Autorzy:
Rumianowska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Collegium Novum. Polskie Towarzystwo Neofilologiczne
Tematy:
Gender
differences
teaching
learning
płeć
różnice
nauczanie
uczenie się
Opis:
The paper is an appendix to gender studies and foreign language teaching. The author presents the interrelationships between gender differences and interaction in language classroom, motivation, achievements and learning strategies of boys and girls. She shows the complexity of these problems when she describes biological and social factors influencing the female and male behaviour and development of the pupils‟ cognitive skills. The assumption that underlies the basis of the text says, that Gender Studies should be considered in various fields of language education.
Źródło:
Neofilolog; 2011, 36; 55-63
1429-2173
Pojawia się w:
Neofilolog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Family in the reflection of post modernist feminism
Autorzy:
Fula, Milan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
family
feminist theory
women’s liberation
sex differences
gender role
postmodernist feminism
Opis:
For ages have people connected a family to a happiness of an individual. As well a contemporary person, facing various economical, social and cultural transformations, according to surveys, puts a family on the top of their values. However, many feminists authors are suspicious of family they understand traditional family and mainly maternity as a source of women’s oppression. We will present (without detailed analysis) three dominant feminist trends and their attitudes to family. In this context we will situate the most influential feminist trend in the western academic world: the post-structural feminism. We will present its reflexion of family and gender agenda, inspired by this movement. At the end we will indicate critical note to it.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(9); 79-87
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcjonowanie kobiet i mężczyzn w sytuacji rozwodowej – analiza psychologiczna
Functioning of women and men in the process of divorce – psychological analysis
Autorzy:
Błażek, Magdalena
Kaźmierczak, Maria
Pastwa-Wojciechowska, Beata
Lewandowska-Walter, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
gender differences
marriage
words: divorce
Opis:
Nowadays, we observe an increase in divorce rates in all Western countries, including Poland. Research shows significant gender differences in reactions towards divorce. Therefore, the main aim of the presented study was to compare the psychological situation of wives and husbands being in the process of divorce. One hundred and twenty couples were examined in the Family Diagnostic Centre. Women more often than men filed for divorce. Women, younger spouses and those in shorter relationships declared lower satisfaction with marriage. Both spouses blamed the other partner for the breakup (with men more frequently blamed by both parties). The results indicate significant gender differences in emotional and cognitive functioning with certain psychological problems displayed by both spouses.
Źródło:
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne; 2012, XVII, 1; 62-78
1642-1043
Pojawia się w:
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender and social determinants of health
Płeć społeczno-kulturowa i społeczne determinanty zdrowia
Autorzy:
Ostrowska, Antonina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20698295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
gender
health
health differences
health determinants
Opis:
The existing paradoxical differences in the mortality and morbidity rates (death rates and illness rates) between men and women, which are difficult to explain by biological factors, have called researchers’ attention to social and cultural factors as a possible explanation. The worldwide statistics indicate that women outlive men in almost all countries, while at the same time they suffer from higher morbidity rates than men, due to chronic physical and affective disorders. In addition, the data shows that women, as compared to men, are underprivileged in several material resources that are important to preserve good health. This puzzling situation has invited a search for socio-cultural factors that could shed some light on the nature of different health patterns of men and women. This article uses a sociological perspective in an attempt to show that the observed differences may be attributable to differing socio-cultural and structural arrangements of both genders.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica; 2012, 43; 111-124
0208-600X
2353-4850
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gender stereotypes and their gender-specific impact on academic achievement
Stereotypy związane z płcią społeczno-kulturową i ich wpływ na osiągnięcia naukowe
Autorzy:
Endepohls-Ulpe, Martina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20691912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
gender stereotypes
gender differences
academic achievement
Opis:
After decades of research into disadvantages for girls in the educational system, “male underachievement” has recently become a frequently discussed topic in the social sciences. A glance at explanations for the development of gender differences in academic achievement reveals that the disadvantages for males and females are explained differently to some extent, but that gender stereotypes seem to play an important part in most popular theoretical approaches. This article gives an overview of actual gender differences in academic achievement in Europe. Following a short description of the nature and functioning of stereotypes in general, and of gender stereotypes in particular, the article discusses the current state of empirical research on the most important theoretical explanations for gender differences in academic achievement and the role gender stereotypes play in these theories. Finally, open questions – and thus fields for further research – are outlined.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica; 2012, 43; 3-16
0208-600X
2353-4850
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Psychometric evaluation of the Polish students adaptation of the Aggression Questionnaire
Autorzy:
Krukowski, Maciej
Kornafel, Danuta
Oziembłowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430213.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Aggression Questionnaire
Polish adaptation
Factor analysis
Gender differences
Cross-cultural difference
Opis:
The four-factor structure and psychometric properties of the Polish students adaptation of the Buss and Perry (1992) Aggression Questionnaire were investigated. The exploratory factor analyses of the responses of 604 Polish participants generally supported the four-factor model. The factors included Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression, Anger and Hostility. The correlations between subscales, internal consistency and stability over time were evaluated and proved to be satisfactory. Apart from gender differences, 48 prison inmates and 48 students were interviewed to determine the validity of the Aggression Questionnaire by testing for hypothesized differences between groups. Aggression Questionnaire showed cross-cultural differences in aggression between various nations.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 3; 183-190
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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