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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Reduction of transgenerational radiation induced genetic damages observed as numerical chromosomal abnormalities in preimplantation embryos by vitamin E
    Autorzy:
    Salimi, M.
    Mozdarani, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147756.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    paternal irradiation
    gamma rays
    preimplantation embryo
    chromosomal abnormalities
    vitamin E
    radioprotection
    Opis:
    To study the effects of parental gamma-irradiation (4 Gy) of NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice on the numerical chromosome abnormalities in subsequent preimplantation embryos in the presence of vitamin E (200 IU/kg), super-ovulated irradiated females were mated with irradiated males at weekly intervals in successive 6 weekly periods. About 68 h post coitus, 8-cell embryos were fixed on slides using standard methods in order to screen for abnormalities in chromosome number. In embryos generated by irradiated mice, the frequency of aneuploids dramatically increased compared to control unirradiated groups (p < 0.001), while no significant difference were observed within irradiated groups mated at weekly interval. Administration of vitamin E significantly decreased chromosomal aberrations in all groups (p < 0.05). Data indicate that gamma-irradiation affects spermatogenesis and oogenesis and causes DNA alterations that may lead to chromosome abnormalities in subsequent embryos. Vitamin E effectively reduced the frequency of abnormalities. The way vitamin E reduces genotoxic effects of radiation might be via radical scavenging or antioxidative mechanism.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 4; 137-143
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radicals initiated by gamma rays in selected amino acids and collagen
    Autorzy:
    Przybytniak, Grażyna.
    Sadło, Jarosław
    Dąbrowska, Małgorzata
    Zimek, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146293.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    amino acid
    collagen
    EPR spectroscopy
    gamma rays
    aminokwas
    kolagen
    spektroskopia EPR
    promienie gamma
    Opis:
    Calf skin collagen and three amino acids essential for its structure, namely glycine, L-proline and 4-hydroxyl-L-proline, were irradiated with gamma rays up to a dose of 10 kGy. Conversion of radicals over time or after thermal annealing to selected temperatures was monitored by X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Some experimental spectra were compared with signals simulated based on literature data from the electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) studies. The following phenomena were confi rmed in the tested amino acids: abstraction of hydrogen atom (glycine, proline, hydroxyproline, collagen), deamination (glycine, hydroxyproline), decarboxylation (hydroxyproline). Chain scission at glycine residues, radiation-induced decomposition of side groups and oxidative degradation were observed in irradiated collagen. The decay of radicals in collagen saturated with water occurred at lower temperatures than in macromolecules having only structural water. The paramagnetic centres were the most stable in an oxygen-free atmosphere (vacuum). Radical processes deteriorated the structure of collagen; hence, radiation sterilization of skin grafts requires careful pros and cons analysis.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2019, 64, 1; 11-17
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pulse shape discrimination of neutrons and gamma rays using kohonen artificial neural networks
    Autorzy:
    Tambouratzis, T.
    Chernikova, D.
    Pzsit, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91759.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych
    Tematy:
    shape
    neutron
    discrimination
    gamma rays
    Kohonen artificial neural networks
    ANNs
    linear vector quantisation
    LVQ
    self-organizing map
    SOM
    pulse shape discrimination
    PSD
    Opis:
    The potential of two Kohonen artificial neural networks (ANNs) - linear vector quantisation (LVQ) and the self organising map (SOM) - is explored for pulse shape discrimination (PSD), i.e. for distinguishing between neutrons (n’s) and gamma rays (’s). The effect that (a) the energy level, and (b) the relative size of the training and test sets, have on identification accuracy is also evaluated on the given PSD dataset. The two Kohonen ANNs demonstrate complementary discrimination ability on the training and test sets: while the LVQ is consistently more accurate on classifying the training set, the SOM exhibits higher n/ identification rates when classifying new patterns regardless of the proportion of training and test set patterns at the different energy levels; the average time for decision making equals ˜100 μs in the case of the LVQ and ˜450 μs in the case of the SOM.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2013, 3, 2; 77-88
    2083-2567
    2449-6499
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Osłabianie promieniowania gamma w chondrytach zwyczajnych
    Gamma rays attenuation in ordinary chondrites
    Autorzy:
    Kaczmarzyk, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032387.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Meteorytowe
    Tematy:
    ISRU
    asteroids
    astronautics
    cosmic rays
    gamma rays attenuation
    ordinary chondrites
    Opis:
    This paper elaborates on gamma rays attenuation in ordinary chondrites. Highly penetrating gamma radiation is emitted as a result of inelastic collisions of ultra-high energy cosmic particles with bulk matter, such as spacecraft hulls. Resources mined from Solar System small bodies may present an alternative construction material for spacecraft cosmic rays shields, which explains research on ionizing radiation attenuation in meteorites. A custom-made, shielded research workstation was constructed to analyse ionizing radiation absorption in pulverized materials. Using the workstation, gamma rays attenuation experiment was performed on pulverized ordinary chondrite – a meteorite originating from S-type asteroid. The experiment resulted in obtaining gamma ray mass attenuation coefficient of S-type chondritic asteroid matter. Obtained results were analysed and final conclusions were formulated. Per unit mass, ordinary chondrites exhibit better gamma rays attenuation properties than any radiation shielding material contemporarily used in astronautics.
    W niniejszej pracy poruszono zagadnienie pochłaniania promieniowania gamma w materiale budującym meteoryty należące do grupy chondrytów zwyczajnych, które pochodzą z planetoid typu S. Wysoce przenikliwe promieniowanie gamma powstaje w przestrzeni kosmicznej m.in. jako efekt oddziaływania pierwotnego promieniowania kosmicznego z ośrodkami materialnymi. Materiał pozyskany z małych ciał Układu Słonecznego może stanowić alternatywny budulec ciężkich osłon radiacyjnych statków kosmicznych, co uzasadnia prowadzenie badań nad pochłanianiem promieniowania jonizującego w meteorytach. Opisano tu eksperyment, do celów którego wykonano autorskiej konstrukcji stanowisko badawcze do analizy pochłaniania promieniowania jonizującego w materiałach sypkich. Przy pomocy tego stanowiska, wykorzystując radioaktywny izotop 60Co, określono masowy współczynnik absorbcji promieniowania gamma w sproszkowanym chondrycie zwyczajnym, a otrzymany wynik porównano z wartością obliczoną teoretycznie. W pracy przeprowadzono szczegółową analizę uzyskanych wyników i sformułowano wnioski płynące z przeprowadzonego eksperymentu. Na jednostkę masy, chondryty zwyczajne lepiej osłabiają promieniowanie gamma niż jakiekolwiek materiały osłonowe stosowane obecnie w astronautyce.
    Źródło:
    Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum; 2019, 10; 40-50
    2080-5497
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling of thermal hydraulics in a KAROLINA calorimeter for its calibration methodology validation
    Autorzy:
    Luks, A.
    Pytel, K.
    Tarchalski, M.
    Uzunow, N.
    Krok, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147579.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    computional fluid dynamics
    CFD
    differential calorimeter
    gamma heating
    gamma rays
    Jules Horowitz Reactor
    JHR
    modelling of thermal hydraulics
    nuclear heating
    nuclear reactor
    research
    reactor MARIA
    Opis:
    Results of numerical calculations of heat exchange in a nuclear heating detector for nuclear reactors are presented in this paper. The gamma radiation is generated in nuclear reactor during fission and radiative capture reactions as well as radioactive decay of its products. A single-cell calorimeter has been designed for application in the MARIA research reactor in the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) in Świerk near Warsaw, Poland, and can also be used in the Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR), which is under construction in the research centre in Cadarache, France. It consists of a cylindrical sample, which is surrounded by a gas layer, contained in a cylindrical housing. Additional calculations had to be performed before its insertion into the reactor. Within this analysis, modern computational fuid dynamics (CFD) methods have been used for assessing important parameters, for example, mean surface temperature, mean volume temperature, and maximum sample (calorimeter core) temperature. Results of an experiment performed at a dedicated out-of-pile calibration bench and results of numerical modelling validation are also included in this paper.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 4; 453-460
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of Buildup Factor in Gamma-Ray Measurement
    Autorzy:
    Akyildirim, H.
    Waheed, F.
    Günoğlu, K.
    Akkurt, İ.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031578.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    Gamma-rays measurement
    Radiation protection
    Buildup factor
    Gamma Spectrometer
    Geometry
    Opis:
    Gamma ray measurement is an important issue in nuclear technology, since it is widely used in industry, medicine, agriculture, education research, and some military applications. Gamma ray is also needed to build radiation protection, which is very useful for human health. When gamma radiation penetrates through shielding material, it generates two radiation components within or beyond the shield, namely: the uncollided and the collided photons. Therefore, the buildup factor is an important parameter for gamma ray measurement. Buildup factor is defined as the ratio of the total number of particles at a given point to the number of uncollided particles, at that same point. In this work, we evaluate the gamma-ray buildup factors for copper (Cu-29), as a function of energy, for 0.511, 0.662, 1.275 MeV, by using cesium and sodium radioactive sources. The results show that the value of energy buildup factor decreases with increasing gamma energy, and increases with increasing thickness. Moreover, it was found that at high energies (1.275 MeV), the absorption buildup factor is at minimum when the energy is at high level. The results also reveal that there is no contribution from the scattering photons to the value of buildup factor, in general, at low intensity levels, when the geometry structure is built well. While for bad geometry, the detector measures intensity, which is greater than that described by the main linear attenuation coefficient, because the scattered photons will be detected as well. All in all, in order to get rational results, a well geometry should be used for the future applications.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 1203-1206
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of physical and chemical mutagens on morphological behavior of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) CV.
    Autorzy:
    Akhtar, Naheed
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199615.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12-18
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    EMS
    gamma rays
    heat stress
    mutagens
    tomato
    Opis:
    Given the importance to tomato production under heat stress conditions in hot climates of Pakistan, the objective of this research work was to study the influence of temperature and application of physical and chemical mutagens on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.,) CV. “Rio grande” Seeds were treated with chemical mutagen (Ethyl Methane Sulphonate) and physical mutagen (Gamma radiation) . Plants were grown in open field conditions under day/night temperatures regimes at the experimental area of Department of Horticulture, faculty of crop and food sciences, PMAS-AAUR. The experiment was set twenty treatments and four replications in Complete Randomize Block Design. It is observed that by increasing dose of mutagens shows lethal effect and morphological parameters reduced significantly. But lower doses of EMS and Gamma radiation improve thermotolerance capacity significantly. Plants were investigated for different morphological parameters i.e Plant height, no. of leaves, leaf area, relative water contents of leaves, chlorophyll contents, cell viability (TCC Assay) and pollen germination. Among gamma rays 5Kr were the only dose which survived and bear fruits. Among EMS 4mM, 8 mM, 16mM performed better under heat stress conditions than other treatments
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2014, 70; 69-79
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Gamma Rays on Morphology, Growth, Yield and Biochemical Analysis in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
    Autorzy:
    Gobinath, P.
    Pavadai, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193869.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Gamma rays
    Glycine max
    Population
    Soybean
    Treatment
    mutagens
    Opis:
    Mutation breeding in crop plants is an effective approach in improvement of crop having narrow genetic base such as soybean. The main objective of the present study is to determine the effect of different doses of gamma irradiation on different morpho-agronomic characteristics. Many physical mutagens have been employed for obtaining useful mutants in various crop species. The role of mutation breeding increases the genetic variability for the desired traits in various crop plants. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Mrr.) var. Co1. Was treated with physical mutagens like Gamma rays. For inducing mutation of Soybean treated with various concentrations of gamma rays 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 KR. Agronomic traits and morpho metric characters such as germination percentage, days of first flower, root length, shoot length, seedling survival, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, seed yield per plant, fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant and 100 seed weight. All parameters were studied in M1, M2, M3 and M4 generations. The results of the present study re- vealed that the increasing level of gamma rays treatment with decreased significantly most of agronomic and morphological traits evaluated in M1 populations. In M2,M3 and M4 populations with significant increase of morphology and yield components in soybean. The yield parameters like plant height, number of cluster per plant, number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant were recorded the moderated and high mean value in the 50 KR of gamma rays.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2015, 23; 1-12
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Gamma Rays on Germination, Morphology, Yield and Biochemical Studies in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    Autorzy:
    Gunasekaran, A.
    Pavadai, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193871.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Arachis hypogaea
    Gamma rays
    Groundnut
    Oilseeds
    mutagens
    Opis:
    Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop and grain legume grown worldwide. The groundnut seed has dual advantage of being important as a source of edible oil as well as protein. However, it is self pollinating and possesses limited variability. Despite its long history of cultivation, broad sub-specific variability and wide geographic distribution of the cultivated groundnut, defects in its genetic composition with respect to requirement of man are wide spread and for many of these no remedial resources are known to exist among its varietal forms. The exploitation of genetic resources from wild species is extremely difficult because of ploidy differences between cultivated tetraploid and diploid wild species coupled with compatibility barriers except with Arachis section. to induce polygenic variability for yield and its components in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) var. VRI-2 were treated with γ-radiation (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 KR). Effects of gamma rays treatment were observed in M1 generation gradually reduced in all parameters except days to first flower to increase concentration of treatment. In M2, M3 and M4 populations, the significant increase of grain yields and yield components of Groundnut were observed. Potential high yielding mutants were identified in progenies of treated seeds.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2015, 23; 13-23
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dosimetric properties of gammaand electron-irradiated commercial window glasses
    Autorzy:
    Fuochi, P.
    Corda, U.
    Lavalle, M.
    Kovács, A.
    Baranyai, M.
    Mejri, A.
    Farah, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146494.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    silicate glass
    gamma rays
    electron beam
    optical absorption
    dosimeter
    fading behaviour
    Opis:
    Two different types of window glasses have been investigated as possible routine dosimeters in the range of 1-50 kGy. Glass samples were irradiated with 3.4 MeV and 8.4 MeV electron beams and the results compared with those obtained by 60Co gamma irradiation. Due to the strong optical absorption at wavelengths ess than 310 nm, even at low doses, optical measurements were limited to the range 320-700 nm. In both types of glasses, irradiation induced two absorption bands around 410 and 600 nm the intensities of which are proportional to dose; the 600 nm band being less sensitive to radiation. These bands have been attributed to non bridging oxygen hole centres existing in two different configurations. Because of the rapid fading of the optical absorbance observed at room temperature immediately after irradiation (greater than 15% in two days), the samples underwent a post-irradiation thermal treatment (150 graduate C for 20 min) to improve the stability of absorbance. The fading characteristics of the irradiated and thermally treated glasses, kept in the dark at room temperature, were studied for several weeks. A fast decay, whose intensity depends on the type and energy of the ionizing radiation, was observed for few days after irradiation and thermal treatment, followed by a much slower decay. The results show that this kind of material could be used as routine dosimeters within a certain dose range, as long as proper calibrations are made for each batch of glass and the appropriate precautions are taken when doing calibration and performing routine dosimetry.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 1; 39-43
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Decomposition of diclofenac in sewage from municipal wastewater treatment plant using ionizing radiation
    Autorzy:
    Bojanowska-Czajka, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055688.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    diclofenac
    degradation efficiency
    electron beam
    gamma rays
    sewage sludge
    Opis:
    The decomposition of diclofenac (DCF) in sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant was investigated. It was found that adsorption of DCF on sludge is about 40%. Compared to previous studies, where the degradation yield in aqueous solution was 100%, in those experiments at the dose up to 5 kGy, only 50% of initial DCF concentration of 50 mg L−1 was decomposed in sediment and in solution over the sediment. The experiments were carried out using both gamma radiation and electron beam. It has been observed that DCF in the aqueous phase, above the sediment, was decomposed with the same efficiency using both gamma radiation and electron beam. Whereas for DCF in the sediment, a higher degradation efficiency was found when gamma radiation was applied. This is most likely due to the limited penetration depth of the electron beam into the sludge layer. It was shown that the applied peroxide addition (in a stoichiometric amount needed for complete mineralization of 50 mg L−1 DCF) did not cause increase in yield of DCF decomposition.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2021, 66, 4; 201--206
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of ionizing radiation to environment protection
    Autorzy:
    Chmielewski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147932.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    electron accelerator
    gamma rays
    flue gas
    wastewater
    sludge
    Opis:
    Radiation technology may contribute to the environmental protection to a great extent. Electron beam industrial installations for flue gases containing SOx and NOx treatment have been already built in China and Poland. The same technology for high sulphur and high humidity off-gases (low quality lignite) has been successfully tested in an industrial pilot plant in Bulgaria. Pilot plant tests performed in Japan have illustrated that by applying electron beam for municipal waste incinerator off-gases treatment the concentration of dioxins can be reduced by 80%, other persistent organic pollutants can be depredated as well. The positive results of electron beam wastewater treatment are the basis for a full-scale industrial plant being built in the South Korea. A pilot gamma plant for sludge irradiation producing a high grade organic fertilizer is in operation in India. All these achievements are reported in this paper.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2005, 50,suppl.3; 17-24
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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