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Tytuł:
Nakłady na działalność badawczo-rozwojową a PKB w krajach Unii Europejskiej
R&D Expenditure and GDP in EU Countries
Autorzy:
Dworak, Edyta
Grzelak, Maria M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-08-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
innovation
innovativeness
R&D expenditure
GDP growth
Opis:
The changes that have taken place in the global economy in recent years have testified to a transformation of an industrial economy into a knowledge-based economy, using technological and innovative potential. This transformation has highlighted the competitive advantages of countries and regions specializing in the production of high-tech products. Innovativeness is considered to be one of the most important factors determining the rate and quality of economic growth. Consequently, highly developed countries are conducting research to seek new sources of innovativeness and methods for creating innovative potential. The key determinants of the innovativeness of an economy are expenditure on research and development and the results of R&D efforts embodied in the form of innovations. The article aims to check a theory by Norwegian economist Jan Fagerberg that the technological potential of an economy, expressed as a relation of R&D expenditure to GDP or as a number of patents per capita, determines positively the rate of GDP growth. In the article, the authors analyze the influence of R&D expenditure on GDP per capita in EU countries in 1999-2008. Panel model estimation methods are used in the research. The results of the analysis show that R&D expenditure determines GDP per capita in the studied countries, the authors conclude.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2010, 241, 7-8; 107-120
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Latent factor growth models for forecasting Polish GDP growth, inflation and unemployment using survey data
Autorzy:
Białowolski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/500358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
latent factor growth modelling
forecasting
GDP growth
inflation
unemployment
Opis:
In this paper a novel application of latent factor growth models is applied to responses to the manufacturing industry tendency survey conducted by the Research Institute for Economic Development, Warsaw School of Economics. An approach based on a common factor was assumed to explain variation in time response to specific questions drawn from the survey questionnaire. It was demonstrated that responses to questions relating to general economic situation in Poland, inflation and employment were explained by a latent growth factor, which was confirmed by RMSEA. Using cross-correlation and an ARIMAX model, it was shown that slopes obtained from latent factor growth models could be applied to forecasting or at least nowcasting of GDP growth and unemployment rate. Survey data of the type described clearly offer potential for refinement of economic projections and it is hoped that this work might stimulate further discussion of the methodology based on latent factor growth modeling for forecasting main macroeconomic time series.
Źródło:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH; 2015, 96: Analyzing and forecasting economic fluctuations; 69-93
0866-9503
Pojawia się w:
Prace i Materiały Instytutu Rozwoju Gospodarczego SGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High-technology exports and economic growth: panel data analysis for selected OECD countriesHigh-technology exports and economic growth: panel data analysis for selected OECD countries
Autorzy:
Kabaklarli, Esra
Duran, Mahmut Sami
Üçler, Yasemin Telli
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/499412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
High technology export
GDP growth
FDI
Panel cointegration
Opis:
This paper uses a panel cointegration model to analyse the long-term relationship between high-technology exports and economic growth in selected OECD countries in the period from 1989 to 2015. We used high-technology exports (current US$) as the dependent variable and the GDP growth rate, FDI (foreign direct investment), application of patents by residents, and gross capital formation % of GDP as explanatory variables. The export structure of countries is moving increasingly towards technology-intensive products such as ICT (information and communications technology), aerospace, computing and office equipment, electronics, chemical products, pharmaceuticals, and electrical machinery. The export structure has played an important role in the economic growth theories of many countries since the 1960s, as export growth has been associated with faster productivity and GDP growth. We aimed to find out the relationship between high-technology exports and the explanatory variables which we listed for 14 selected OECD countries (Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Korea, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey, the UK, and the USA). According to our empirical results, there is a long-term relationship between high-technology exports and economic growth in selected OECD countries. The empirical results show that an improvement in patent applications and foreign direct investment play a decisive role in upgrading selected OECD countries’ high-tech exports, while growth rate and investment play a negative role in enhancing these countries’ high-tech exports.
Źródło:
Forum Scientiae Oeconomia; 2018, Volume 6 (2018) Issue No. 2: Economic Growth, Innovations and Lobbying; 47-60
2300-5947
Pojawia się w:
Forum Scientiae Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gospodarczy wymiar integracji z Unią Europejską – 10 lat członkostwa Polski w UE
Economic Dimension of the Integration with the European Union – Ten Years of Poland’s Membership in the EU
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
Poland’s accession to the EU
GDP growth
Opis:
It is sometimes difficult to estimate the impact of Poland’s accession to the EU on individual aspects of the economy’s functioning in the micro- and macroeconomic scale. Undoubtedly though, the membership in the EU and related adjustments in the political, legal and economic spheres have created a favourable climate for activating the internal potential of the Polish economy and business circles, which has resulted in a tangible progress in the process of Poland’s catching up with better developed EU states. In the years 2003–2013, the cumulated GDP growth in Poland stood at 44.5 percent, which made one of the best results among the new EU Member States from Central and Eastern Europe. The article focuses on microeconomic issues and contributes to the attempts to define Poland’s achievements in this area since 2004, as well as its lost opportunities to strengthen the economy’s competitiveness and basis for long-term development.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 3(356); 82-103
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To the Abyss and Beyond
Autorzy:
Rusek, Antonin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/659703.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Life Cycle Hypothesis
GDP growth
VAR models
conditional forecasts
Opis:
Abstract. Life cycle hypothesis and Solow neo-classical growth concepts are used to construct and estimate VAR models of USA’s GDP dynamics. Conditional forecasts are then made for those two variables for the next two years, using different assumptions regarding the future dynamics of the household’s net worth. Results show that under all assumptions the US GDP growth GDP remains sluggish. The historical peak GDP level (achieved in Q2 from 2008) is not achieved by the Ql of 2011.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2010, 241
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
GDP growth as a bank loan quality determinant
Autorzy:
Rachuba, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
asset quality
GDP growth
macroeconomic cycle
non-performing loans
Opis:
Past financial crises and recessions have revealed the importance of the economy’s condition for the loan quality. Macroeconomic determinants of the non-performing loans have been attracting considerable attention in recent years. The aim of this paper is to organize and summarize studies examining the role of GDP growth and its impact on bank loan quality. This approach reveals the research problem which is to specify if there exists a statistically significant relationship between economic growth and the level of non-performing loans. It is equally important to determine the direction of this link. By appealing to common knowledge, the research hypothesis states that an increase in economic activity results in improving loan quality. To verify the hypothesis, the analysis of the relevant literature and the methods of verbal as well as tabular description have been applied. Empirical results on the link between the macroeconomic environment and the level of non-performing loans appear to be quite conclusive. It has been found that an economic expansion generally improves the loan quality. This broadly proven relationship is in line with many studies which confirm the borrowers’ increased willingness to repay debts in a favourable economic environment. Far less frequently, the intensified macroeconomic activity leads to future bank losses. Additionally, some studies do not provide any statistically significant effect of GDP growth on the loan quality.
Źródło:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics; 2020, 2(14); 21-37
2353-6845
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forecasting Economic, Social and Environmental Growth in the Sanitary and Service Sector Based on Thailand’s Sustainable Development Policy
Autorzy:
Sutthichaimethee, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
sustainable development
population growth
GDP growth
income per capita
greenhouse gas
Opis:
The purpose of this study is to forecast the long run implementation of Thailand’s sustainable development policy in three main aspects, including economic, social and environmental aspect for the the sanitary and service sectors from 2016 until 2045. According to the national data for the years 2000-2015, based on the ARIMAX model, it has been found that Thai economy system is potentially changed and growing rapidly by 25.76%, the population has grown by 7.15%, and the Greenhouse gas emissions will gradually increase by 49.65%, in the year 2045. However, based on the analysis above, if Thailand fails to run the afore-mentioned policy properly, it will be difficult to successfully implement sustainable development, because the increased emission is moving in the same direction with economy and social aspect of Thailand.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 1; 205-210
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy wolność gospodarcza wpływa na rozwój społeczny?
Autorzy:
Liszatyński, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
Social development
HDI
GDP growth
economic freedom
public services
education
life expectancy
Opis:
Social development causes a comprehensive increase in the quality of human capital. It is necessary for the society to achieve a higher civilization level. A sufficient level of national income is needed to achieve it, which will ensure financing of widely available public services. This income can be generated by increasing economic freedom, which affects faster GDP growth. Current researches show that economic freedom also have a positive impact on other indicators of social development, such as education and life expectancy. Higher incomes, generated by a more liberal economy, leads to higher budget income, and thus also to the improvement of the quality of public services.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2018, 4(25); 269-278
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE IMPACT OF SOME VARIABLES ON THE VAT GAP IN THE MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COMPANY
Autorzy:
Majerová, Ingrid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
tax gap
value added tax
Corruption Perception Index
GDP growth
VTTL model
regression analysis
Opis:
One of the most serious problems of fiscal character is the issue of the tax gap. The tax gap is defined as the amount of tax liability faced by taxpayers that is not paid on time. The tax gap comes from three main areas of non-compliance with the tax law – firstly, from underreporting of income, secondly, from underpayment of taxes, and thirdly, from non-filing of returns. The tax evasions in the area of value added tax create one of the largest groups of tax gaps. This article describes the current situation in the field of tax gap in selected countries of the European Union. The aim of this paper is to determine the dependence of the VAT gap on three variables: the Corruption Perception Index CPI, GDP growth rate and the basic VAT rate. The method of regression analysis was used, which was performed on data in the years 2000–2011. Although it could be assumed that tax burden will affect the VAT gap the most, the highest dependence was shown in the case of Corruption Perception Index.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2016, 7, 3; 339-355
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DETERMINANTY ZRÓŻNICOWANIA ZMIAN WSKAŹNIKA DŁUGU PUBLICZNEGO W KRAJACH UE 15 W LATACH 2000-2014
Determinants of the diversification of changes in public debt ratios in the EU-15 countries in the years 2000-2014
Autorzy:
Grabia, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950606.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
public debt
GDP growth rate
inflation rate
interest rate
rating
budget balance
primary balance
Opis:
The aim of the article is to identify the determinants of changes in public debt ratios in the developed countries of the EU (EU-15). The analysis was based on the observations of the average values of analysed variables in particular countries throughout the study period and over two sub-periods: 2001-2007 and 2008-2014. On the basis of the article it can be concluded that the diversification of changes in public debt ratios resulted mainly from varying budget and primary balances (the lower the deficits, the lower the increases in public debt ratios) and, to a smaller extent, also from varying interest rates on bonds (the lower the interest rates, the lower the increases in public debt ratios) as well as varying economic growth rates (the higher the economic growth rates, the lower the rises in public debt ratios).
Źródło:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach; 2015, 3(24); 25-46
2080-5993
2449-9811
Pojawia się w:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Makroekonomiczne efekty realizacji Narodowego Planu Rozwoju 2004–2006
Macroeconomical effects of the implementation of the national development plan 2004–2006
Autorzy:
Zaleski, Janusz
Tomaszewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/413841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Instytut Ameryk i Europy. Centrum Europejskich Studiów Regionalnych i Lokalnych (EUROREG)
Tematy:
Narodowy Plan Rozwoju
model HERMIN
wzrost PKB
National Development Plan
HERMIN model
GDP growth
Opis:
The article describes the forecasts for the 2004-2006 National Development Plan implementation on the performance of Poland's economy up to 2010. The estimations are based on the Polish version of HERMIN model. Several development paths for Poland are predicted upon varying assumptions on the ability to absorb the EU assistance, and varying efficiency of use of those funds. In general, it is demonstrated that Poland's accession to EU will bring a significant economic improvement by increasing GDP growth rate and depressing unemployment rate.
Źródło:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne; 2004, 2(16); 57-78
1509-4995
Pojawia się w:
Studia Regionalne i Lokalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainability as a competitiveness factor : a quantitative cross-country analysis
Zrównoważony rozwój jako czynnik konkurencyjności : ilościowa analiza międzykrajowa
Autorzy:
Zargartalebi, Milad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
sustainability
competitiveness
GDP growth
HDI
air pollution
rozwój zrównoważony
konkurencyjność
wzrost PKB
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
Opis:
That sustainability is an essential competitive advantage is a common dictum in politics and some areas of academic research. The past few decades have made more and more dispersed ‘hard’ and soft data available, indicating not only more details on the economic performance of coun-tries, but also on their sustainability performance. This study aims to examine whether there is a rela-tionship between sustainability performance and national competitiveness by analysing economic, environmental, and social indicators from four data sources, including economic and sustainability data from G-20 countries for the period 2010 to 2019, representing 73% of the global GDP in 2020. The research design is based on several stepwise regression analyses to explore the pooled data set. The data analysis concludes that the effects of sustainability on competitiveness are hardly confirmed or rejected, contrary to classic economic predictors.
Stwierdzenie, że zrównoważony rozwój stanowi istotną przewagę konkurencyjną, jest powszechną tezą obecną w polityce i niektórych obszarach badań naukowych. W ciągu ostatnich kilku dekad udostępniono coraz więcej rozproszonych danych „twardych” i „miękkich”, wskazujących więcej szczegółów nie tylko na temat wyników gospodarczych krajów, ale także na temat ich wyników w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju. Celem badania jest sprawdzenie, czy istnieje związek między wynikami w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju a konkurencyjnością kraju poprzez analizę wskaźni-ków ekonomicznych, środowiskowych i społecznych z czterech źródeł danych, w tym danych ekono-micznych i danych dotyczących zrównoważonego rozwoju z krajów G-20 w okresie od 2010 do 2019 roku, reprezentujących 73% globalnego PKB w 2020 roku. Badanie opiera się na kilku analizach regresji wykonanych w celu analizy zbioru danych, która prowadzi do wniosku, że wpływ wyników zrównowa-żonego rozwoju na konkurencyjność jest trudny do potwierdzenia lub odrzucenia, w przeciwieństwie do klasycznych predyktorów ekonomicznych.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2021, 1; 70-90
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verification of “Too Much Finance” Hypothesis in Central and Eastern European Countries – Empirical Research
Weryfikacja hipotezy „too much finance” w krajach Europy Środkowo‑Wschodniej – badanie empiryczne
Autorzy:
Grabowski, Wojciech
Maciejczyk-Bujnowicz, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/656579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
rozwój finansowy
tempo wzrostu PKB
model panelowy
financial development
GDP growth
panel data model
Opis:
Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie relacji między wskaźnikiem reprezentującym wartość udzielonych kredytów do PKB a wzrostem gospodarczym dla grupy jedenastu krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Parametry modelu ekonometrycznego szacowane są za pomocą metody najmniejszych kwadratów oraz uogólnionej metody momentów przy wykorzystaniu estymatora Blundella‑Bonda. Wyniki badania empirycznego pokazują, że cała grupa może być podzielona na trzy jednorodne podgrupy o różnych wartościach optymalnego poziomu wskaźnika krajowego kredytu do PKB. Wyniki oszacowania parametrów modelu paneli pokazują, że Łotwa, Litwa, Estonia i Słowacja prawdopodobnie osiągnęłyby wyższy poziom wzrostu gospodarczego, jeżeli analizowany współczynnik wynosiłby 0,48. W przypadku Polski, Czech i Węgier optymalna wartość analizowanego współczynnika wyniosła 0,6. W przypadku Bułgarii, Chorwacji i Rumunii rozwój systemu finansowego wydaje się nie mieć żadnego wpływu na poziom wzrostu realnego PKB.
This paper analyses the relationship between the domestic credit to GDP ratio and economic growth in a group of 11 countries in Central and Eastern Europe. The parameters of the econometric model used, were estimated using a pooled regression method and the Blundell‑Bond systemic estimator. The results of our empirical investigation show that the entire group can be divided into 3 homogeneous sub‑groups with different values of the optimal level of domestic credit to GDP ratio. Estimation of the parameters with the use of a panel model show that Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Slovakia would probably have reached a higher level of economic growth if the analysed coefficient had been at a level of 0.48. In the case of the sub‑group encompassing Poland, Czech Republic and Hungary, the optimal value of the analysed coefficient turned out to be 0.6. In the case of the Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania sub‑group, the development of the financial system, which is represented in this article by the ratio of domestic credit to GDP, does not seem to have any impact on the rate of growth of real GDP.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2019, 1, 340; 115-132
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Makroekonomiczne uwarunkowania rozwoju gospodarczego –perspektywa dla Polski 2017–2019
Macroeconomic Conditions of Economic Development – 2017–2019 Perspective for Poland
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
social and economic development
macroeconomic challenges
GDP growth
world economic crisis
balanced economy
innovations
Opis:
Since the turn of the years 2016 and 2017, many positive signals have come from the economy: the market data clearly show that the process for economic situation reconstruction has been generally successful. Export has been increasing, inflation seems to be under control, the rate of the Polish zloty remains stable, and the economic and financial situation of companies has been improving gradually. This does not mean, however, that in the coming years Poland will be able to develop fast. Besides, the majority of forecasts assume that in 2018 the rate of the gross domestic product may decrease in comparison with 2017, and it is still unknown how the increase curve will develop in the following years. The article attempts to assess the macroeconomic situation of Poland as forecast for 2017 and as foreseen for the years 2018–2019, as well as to analyse the key factors that will influence the prospects of our economy development. In this context, attention has been focused on five issues: investment trends, the role of knowledge and innovation in stimulating economic growth, the structural conditions of the national labour market, the stability of public finance in the perspective of the coming years, and the conditions for business activity in Poland.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2017, 62, 6 (377); 107-136
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Okun’s Law in OECD Countries in 1990 – 2013
Autorzy:
Błaszczuk, Dariusz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
economic policy targets
long-term equilibrium
Okun's law
OECD countries
GDP growth rate
unemployment rate
Opis:
Politicians try to reach targets that usually contradict. It leads to lack of optimal long-term equilibrium. The main target should be the maximal growth rate of GDP and other targets should remain within predetermined limits. Politicians should influence relations between every two targets. Empirical study of relations between unemployment and GDP growth rates is done for every OECD country basing on quarterly data for 20 years. According to the results of the investigation countries are put into “strategic groups”. Paper ends with preliminary proposals for economic policy makers.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2014, 15, 2; 47-63
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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