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Wyszukujesz frazę "Forest degradation" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
Tytuł:
Synergies in the Land Use Sector: What Is the Best Policy Approach When Co-benefits and Trade-offs Are Involved?
Autorzy:
Lopez, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1356737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
Adaptation
Mitigation
Ecosystem Services
Deforestation
Forest Degradation
Opis:
Mitigation and adaptation are the main strategies to address climate change. Both of them are interrelated instruments and key elements of an integral approach to tackle the phenomenon. This interrelation is particularly strong in the land use sector, an area in which practically any policy has a significant effect on the goals of both strategies. Yet, in practice, mitigation and adaptation are treated as two different instruments. A poor understanding about the interactions between the mentioned strategies remains as a barrier to implement the integrated approach. To contribute to fill-in this knowledge gap, a hypothetical ecologic-economic system simulated under deep uncertainty was used to test environmental and welfare implications of different policy configurations. Taking the unregulated economy as a benchmark, the outcomes of the mentioned interventions were classified as synergies or different forms of trade-offs. Results indicate that measures based on internalization of externalities overcame monetary compensation schemes. Moreover, when externalities were corrected, synergies were more frequent and associated to higher environmental and welfare gains. Furthermore, the policy configuration that exhibited best synergic properties was an intervention integrating mitigation and adaptation measures. This indicates that synergies may be more accessible than previously considered, however, current policy approach and incentives may not be the best tools to trigger them.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2019, 6, 53; 53 - 69
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Devastating Effect of Forest Degradation in Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria
Autorzy:
Buochuama, A.
Akande, O. A.
Buochuama, M. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1161466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Nigeria
devastating
ecological
forest degradation
guinea savanna
Opis:
Forest degradation poses serious ecological consequences to the environment. Therefore, this research deals with the devastating effect of forest degradation in southern guineas savannah of Nigeria. In this study, about one hundred and twenty questionnaires (120) were used to collect data from a number of villages in Wawa community. Descriptive statistics was used in the data analysis. Construction, poverty, population increase, and farming were some of the sources of forest degradation in the study area. The consequences of forest degradation in the study area were erosion, desertification, wildlife habitat destruction and global warming/ climate change. The study noted that the solutions for curbing forest degradations include the following; agroforestry, creation of more forest reserves afforestation/ reforestation, implementation of forest laws and policies and public enlightenment on the consequences of forest degradation.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 112; 107-117
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamics of Nitrogen during Decomposition Processes of Ectohumus from Degraded Forest Ecosystems in the Snieznik Massif, Eastern Sudety Mountains
Dynamika azotu w procesach rozkładu próchnic nadkładowych degradowanych ekosystemów leśnych w masywie Śnieżnika w Sudetach Wschodnich
Autorzy:
Jamroż, E.
Kocowicz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/387828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
formy azotu
gleby górskie
degradacja drzewostanów
nitrogen forms
mountain soils
forest degradation
Opis:
Results of mineral forms of nitrogen (N-NO3 and N-NH4) changes in ectohumus layers and needles during decomposition processes are presented. The experiment was conducted in controlled conditions in a chamber with stable temperature and humidity. Plant samples and soil samples from ectohumus were taken in ecosystems in various stages (object without damages signs, in the process of degradation and degraded). In the fresh material, directly after sampling, content of mineral forms of nitrogen was analyzed. Controlling of the content changes were done after 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation. In the fresh material high differences of the content of N-NO3 between degraded ecosystems were found. The lowest content were found in needles of degraded spruce forest and this situation was permanent during the incubation. In the Oh layer content of N-NO3 was initially the lowest, but during incubation was increasing and after 30 days of decomposition was the highest. The highest content of ammonia nitrogen was found in needles from degraded ecosystems and despite of decreasing the amount during decomposition this was stable until 90-1 day of incubation. In Oh layers content of N-NH) was decreasing with the time of incubation and the most clear was observed in ecosystems in degradation process and degraded as well.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analiz zmian zawartości mineralnych form azotu (N-NO3 oraz N-NH3) w poziomach próchnic nadkładowych (Olf i Oh) oraz w igłach świerków podczas procesów ich dekompozycji. Doświadczenie prowadzono w warunkach zamkniętych w komorze inkubacyjnej, przy stałej temperaturze oraz wilgotności. Próbki materiału roślinnego - igły oraz próbki z poziomów próchnicy nakładowej pobrano z ekosystemów świerkowych w różnym stadium degradacji (obiekt bez objawów degradacji, zamierający oraz obumarły). W materiale świeżym, bezpośrednio po pobraniu w terenie wykonano oznaczenia zawartości form N-NO3 oraz N-NH4. Kontrolę zawartości mineralnych form azotu przeprowadzono po upływie 30, 60 i 90 dni inkubacji. W materiale wyjściowym wystąpiły znaczne różnice w zawartości form azotu azotanowego. Najmniejszą jego ilość stwierdzono w igłach świerków obumarłych i taka zawartość utrzymywała się przez cały okres inkubacji. W poziomie epihumusowym (Oh) zawartość N-NO3 była początkowo najmniejsza, spośród badanych obiektów, ale z upływem czasu inkubacji zwiększała się i od 30 dnia procesu dekompozycji utrzymywała się na najwyższym poziomie. Największą zawartość azotu amonowego odnotowano w igłach świerków obumarłych i mimo tendencji spadkowych we wszystkich obiektach, taki stan utrzymał się do 90 dnia inkubacji. W poziomach epihumusowych, niezależnie od stopnia degradacji siedliska, zawartość azotu amonowego zmniejszała się wraz z upływem czasu inkubacji, a najwyraźniej zmiany te zachodziły w siedliskach zamierających i obumarłych.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2010, 17, 6; 609-613
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charcoal production: A promoter of deforestation in Nigeria
Autorzy:
Isese, M. O. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Bombax buonopozense
Charcoal production
Deforestation
Ficus sur
Forest degradation
Khaya ivorensis
Tectona grandis
Tree plant
Vitellaria paradoxa
greenhouse gases
Opis:
Charcoal production in Nigeria is a growing source of concern for government and forestry institutions because of its perceived impact on the environment. The agreed impact is deforestation, i.e., the clearance of indiscriminate cutting of forest trees. Forest degradation associated with charcoal production is difficult to monitor and overlooked and under-represented in forest cover change and carbon emission estimates. Emissions of greenhouse gases a consequence of deforestation from charcoal production in tropical ecosystems in 2009 are estimated at 71.2 million t for carbon dioxide and 1.3 million t for methane. Trees used for charcoal production are Vitellaria paradoxa, Ficus sur, Tectona grandis, Khaya ivorensis, Bombax buonopozense just to mention a few. This review aims to further discredit the act of indiscriminate forest tree falling for charcoal production which have proofed by various works as a promoter of deforestation.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 27; 1-10
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Pyły, ludzie, przyroda”. Zanieczyszczenie powietrza atmosferycznego w województwie kieleckim w latach 1975–1989
Autorzy:
Dulewicz, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/689870.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
air pollution
cement dust
forest degradation
ecological threat
industrialization
environment
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
pyły cementowe
degradacja lasów
zagrożenie ekologiczne
industrializacja
środowisko
Opis:
The industrialization of the 1975–1989 period brought changes in spatial development and transformations in the human natural environment. New industrial investments required space for their implementation. As a result, the size of green areas near the cities gradually decreased. In addition, the activity of the “old” plants, as well as those under development, posed a serious threat to the environment. These problems were also evident in the province of Kielce. In the middle of the Gierek’s decade the region ranked fifth in the country in terms of the amount of pollution emitted into the atmosphere. In the area of “White Basin”, where many cement and lime factories were concentrated, dust fallout production standards were exceeded even several times. Results of the analyses on the problem of environmental threats may become an important part of the debate on socio-economic processes taking place in Poland during the postwar period. Hitherto studies of industrialization in the years 1944/1945–1989 focused mainly on its social consequences. However, they almost completely ignore the issue of degradation of the ecosystem, which is also closely associated with the industrialization pursued.
W artykule przeanalizowano relacje zachodzące pomiędzy procesem industrializacji a stanem środowiska naturalnego w PRL w latach 1975–1989 na przykładzie województwa kieleckiego. Prowadzona w tym okresie rozbudowa przemysłu bez uwzględnienia potencjalnych zagrożeń ekologicznych spowodowała szybką degradację poszczególnych komponentów ekosystemu. Środowiskowy fragment historii społeczno-gospodarczej Polski w okresie powojennym jest szczególnie ciekawy i warty pogłębionych studiów, tym bardziej że dotychczas był to aspekt pomijany przez badaczy dziejów najnowszych.
Źródło:
Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały; 2016, 14
2450-8365
Pojawia się w:
Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exporting Environmental Burdens into the Central-European Periphery: Christmas Tree Trade and Unequal Ecological Exchange Between Germany and Habsburg Galicia around 1900
Autorzy:
Daheur, Jawad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
teoria systemów-światów
nierówne relacje ekologiczne
Galicja
degradacja lasów
granica lasów
timber frontier
world-system theory
ecological unequal exchange
Habsburg
Galicia
forest degradation
Opis:
The article intends to bring new light on the German exploitation of Central European forests within the theoretical framework of the unequal ecological exchange. Focusing on one commodity in particular, the Christmas tree, it shows how foreign trade with Habsburg Galicia was used by Germany in order to get rid of the socio-environmental burdens of tree extraction. Ultimately, the article confi rms the peripheral status of Habsburg Galicia within the world-system by stressing its negative environmental consequences.
Źródło:
Historyka studia metodologiczne; 2016, 46; 147-167
0073-277X
Pojawia się w:
Historyka studia metodologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie wybranych gazowych zanieczyszczeń powietrza na rośliny drzewiaste
The effect of selected gaseous air pollutants on woody plants
Autorzy:
Baciak, M.
Warmiński, K.
Bęś, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
zanieczyszczenia gazowe
dwutlenek siarki
tlenki azotu
ozon
bioindykacja
oddzialywanie na rosliny
bioindykatory
rosliny drzewiaste
uszkodzenia drzew
zamieranie drzew
forest degradation
air pollution
ozone
sulfur dioxide
nitric oxides
Opis:
The article discusses gaseous air pollutants that have the greatest impact on forest ecosystems. This group of pollutants includes sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxides (NO and NO2) and ozone (O3). In the 20th century, the major contributor to forest degradation was sulfur dioxide, a gaseous substance with direct and powerful phytotoxic and acidifying effects. Since then, sulfur dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced in Europe and North America, but they continue to grow in East Asia along with China’s economic boom. Nitric oxides affect woody plants directly by entering through the stomata and indirectly through soil acidification and environmental eutrophication. Ozone, in turn, is found in photochemical smog and is produced by conversion of its precursors (nitric oxides, organic compounds and carbon monoxide). It is a strong oxidizing agent which disrupts various physiological processes, mostly photosynthesis and water use in plants, but is also the air pollutant that exerts the most toxic effect on forest ecosystems.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 4; 401-409
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of the Random Forest Model to Predict the Plasticity State of Vertisols
Autorzy:
Al Masmoudi, Yassine
Bouslihim, Yassine
Doumali, Kaoutar
El Aissaoui, Abdellah
Namr, Khalid Ibno
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
soil plasticity
random forest
moroccan vertisol
soil degradation
Opis:
Vertisol plasticity is related to moisture content, and it requires an in-depth physicochemical characterization. This information allows us to use the land under the most adequate conditions and avoid soil physical degradation, especially its compaction. The objective of this study was to characterize the Vertisol in the Moroccan region of Doukkala-Abda and to predict soil plasticity based on the physicochemical parameters of soil, such as texture, electrical conductivity, Soil Organic Matter (SOM) and other chemical parameters for 120 samples. Determination of soil plasticity using Atterberg limits is a challenging and time-consuming method. Thus, this study aimed to develop a new model that can predict soil plasticity using the Random Forest algorithm. The soils presented homogeneity in the majority of physicochemical parameters, except a significant difference observed in the SOM and the electrical conductivity, which in turn influenced the soil plasticity state. The results showed significant and positive correlations between SOM, Soil Clay Content (SCC), Electrical Conductivity (EC), and plasticity in the Vertisol fields of the region. For the training phase, the model gave excellent results with a coefficient of determination of 0.995 and an RMSE of 0.164. Almost the same results were observed in the validation phase with a coefficient of determination of 0.974 and an RMSE of 0.361, which shows that the model succeeded in predicting plasticity in both phases. On the basis of these results, this model can be used for the plasticity prediction using other physicochemical parameters and the Random Forest Model. The prediction of soil plasticity is an important parameter to respect the timing of introducing machines/tools in the fields and avoid Vertisol degradation.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 36-46
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teledetekcja satelitarna w monitorowaniu lasów tropikalnych
Satellite remote sensing in monitoring of tropical forests
Autorzy:
Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T.
Koranteng, A.
Ugarte, H. F.
dos Santos, J. R.
Maldonado, F. D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
las tropikalny
degradacja
teledetekcja satelitarna
monitorowanie
tropical forest
degradation
satellite remote sensing
monitoring
Źródło:
Teledetekcja Środowiska; 2008, 39; 41-47
1644-6380
Pojawia się w:
Teledetekcja Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Timber degrading fungi in sawmills of Gujarat, India
Autorzy:
Nagadesi, P.K.
Arya, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
timber
degradation
fungi
sawmill
wood decay
Schizophyllum commune
Flavodon flavus
Daldinia concentrica
microorganism
Gujarat
India
forest cover
Opis:
Timer decay is caused by primarily enzymatic activities of microorganisms. For the first time fungal diversity of timber degrading fungi was studied in Gujarat, India. Timber Degrading Fungi belonging to Aphyllophorales are economically important as many of these cause serious damage in sawmills of Gujarat. To find out the association of the timber degrading fungi and timber decay problems in sawmills a survey was conducted during 2007 to 2011 in different sawmills of 5 districts of Gujarat i.e. Vadodara, Ahmedabad, Bharuch, Rajkot and Jamnagar. In the present study teak wood present in sawmills was infected with 14 types of fungi in which Lenzites sterioides and Trametes versicolor damaged the wood severely was reported for the first time. In all 94 sawmills were surveyed, the 28 sawmills were from Vadodara, 29 from Ahmedabad, 12 from Bharuch, 21 from Rajkot and 4 from Jamnagar. Out of 94 sawmills survyed, 84 sawmills were having timber rotting fungi associated with wood. Maximum fifteen and thirteen fungal species were observed in saw mills of Chhani road, followed by 11 in Station road, 7 in Dhabhoi road and 6 in Harni, Vadodara. Fours woods uninfected are Beyo, Marinty, Ash, and Arjun. Fourteen different types of fungi were found associated with teak, followed by seven in pinus, madhuca, Acacia nilotica, six in babul, neem, four in tamarind, Pithacoelobium and three in mango, Eucalyptus, African Mahagoni, Kapoor, Peltophoram rouxburghii, Derris pinnata wood respectively. The commonly observed timber decaying fungi were Schizophyllum commune, Flavodon flavus and Ganoderma lucidum belonging to Basidiomycota. Ascomycota members included was Daldinia concentrica and Xylaria polymorpha.
Źródło:
International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 02
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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