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Tytuł:
Wydatki sztywne budżetu państwa
The legally determined state budget expenditure
Autorzy:
Ruśkowski, Eugeniusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6569152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
legally determined expenditure
public expenditure
flexible expenditure
stabilising expenditure rule
Multiannual State Financial Plan (MSFP)
Opis:
The article presents the definition of the legally determined state budget expenditure and the critical attitude of the science representatives to their increase in recent years. In this context, the development of these expenditure in the fiscal policy and their causes are explained. In the Author’s opinion, the stabilizing expenditure rule and the Multiannual State Financial Plan cannot automatically affect the level and the rationalisation of the legally determined state budget expenditure. Therefore, there is a need of conducting the detailed policy concerning the legally determined expenditure, based on a four-year spending reviews and being reflected in the Budget Bills, reports on the implementation of the state budget and Multiannual State Financial Plans. There is a chance that the principles of such a policy will be prepared by a special team created for this purpose in the Ministry of Finance for the spending review.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2015, 4(48); 9-21
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Local government expenditure in the Lublin voivodeship in 2010-2018
Wydatki gmin województwa lubelskiego w latach 2010-2018
Autorzy:
Kobiałka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/581046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
‘gmina’ (a commune)
expenditure
property investment expenditure
gminy
wydatki
wydatki inwestycyjne
Opis:
‘Gmina’ (i.e. a commune, a principal unit of administrative division in Poland) is required to perform specific tasks and incur expenditure related to its performance. Therefore, local government authorities must make decisions about the level and purpose of local expenditure. A particularly significant determinant of local development policy is expenditure on financing infrastructure investment. This paper aims to analyse and evaluate the expenditure level of ‘gminas’ located in Lublin voivodeship in 2010-2018. The analysis is based on a review of the dynamics of expenditure, its structure and level as well as changes in expenditure per capita. An area of special interest is the property investment expenditure of local government units. Communes in the Lublin voivodeship, similarly to those in the rest of Poland, have an increased amount of funds allocated to the performance of their tasks. A continuing increase in property expenditure can be observed, especially in the rural communes in the Lublin voivodeship, which is closely linked to the use of EU structural funds.
Gminy zobowiązane są do realizacji określonych zadań i ponoszenia na te cele wydatków. Władze samorządowe w związku z tym muszą podejmować decyzje o poziomie wydatków gminnych i kierunkach ich wydatkowania. Szczególnie istotnym wyznacznikiem polityki rozwojowej gmin są wydatki finansujące realizację inwestycji infrastrukturalnych. Celem artykułu jest analiza i ocena poziomu wydatków gmin województwa lubelskiego w latach 2010-2018. Analiza opiera się na badaniu dynamiki wydatków, ich struktury oraz poziomu i zmian wydatków w przeliczeniu na 1 mieszkańca. Szczególnym obszarem zainteresowania są wydatki inwestycyjne jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Gminy województwa lubelskiego, podobnie jak gminy w kraju, przeznaczają coraz więcej środków na realizację powierzonych im zadań. Szczególnie widoczny jest stały wzrost wydatków majątkowych, zwłaszcza w gminach wiejskich województwa lubelskiego, co jest ściśle powiązane z wykorzystaniem funduszy strukturalnych z UE.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2020, 64, 6; 103-114
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Usable agricultural area of farms and their material and energy expenditure efficiency
Powierzchnia użytków rolnych w gospodarstwach rolnych a efektywność nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych
Autorzy:
Depo, Kamil
Szparaga, Agnieszka
Pristavka, Miroslav
Kocira, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93991.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
material expenditure
energy expenditure
efficiency index
nakłady materiałowe
nakłady energetyczne
wskaźniki efektywności
Opis:
The paper analyzes the efficiency of material and energy expenditure in 679 farms with agricultural production as the main source of income for the years 2013-2015. Six groups of farms were identified according to usable agricultural area (UAA). The aim of the work was to determine the impact of UAA of farms on their material and energy expenditure efficiency. It was found that the area of UAA determines the farms’ material and energy expenditure efficiency. It was observed that small farms with UAA of 5 to 10 ha are characterized by the highest material and energy expenditure efficiency. It was proven that the material and energy expenditure efficiency in “Small” farms with UAA (<= 5ha) and “Very large”, with UAA (> 50ha) differs significantly from the efficiency determined for other farm groups. Material and energy expenditures were used the least efficiently in the farms with the smallest UAA.
W pracy przeprowadzono analizę efektywności nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych w 679 gospodarstw rolnych, których głównym źródłem dochodu była produkcja rolnicza. Analizy dokonano dla lat 2013-2015. Wyodrębniono 6 grup gospodarstw wg powierzchni użytków rolnych (UR). Celem pracy było określenie wpływu powierzchni użytków rolnych w gospodarstwach na efektywność nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych. Stwierdzono, że powierzchnia UR w gospodarstwach rolnych determinuje efektywność nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych. Zaobserwowano, że gospodarstwa małe o powierzchni od 5 do 10 ha UR charakteryzują się największą efektywnością nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych. Dowiedziono, że efektywność nakładów materiałowo-energetycznych w gospodarstwach o powierzchni UR z grup Małe (<=5ha) i Bardzo duże (>50ha) istotnie różni się od efektywności w pozostałych grupach gospodarstw. Najmniej efektywnie nakłady materiałowo-energetyczne wykorzystywane są w gospodarstwach najmniejszych obszarowo.
Źródło:
Agricultural Engineering; 2020, 24, 1; 15-24
2083-1587
Pojawia się w:
Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Common Agricultural Policy Path for Old and New Members
Autorzy:
Halmai, Péter
Vásáry, Viktória
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/659746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
agricultural expenditure,
EU budget
Opis:
The European Union is not able to maintain CAP in its current form any more: radical reform is unavoidable. The recent past review of the CAP (Health Check) may help to reach a healthier CAP, but the proposed changes are not enough to overcome the difficulties. The future CAP meeting certain criteria – such as providing European added value, maintaining sustainability in economic, social and environmental terms – should be based on completely new principles. While defining these new principles and cornerstones of the policy it has to be taken into account that there is an ongoing paradigm change: there is a shift from the agricultural policy aiming at food self sufficiency and income parity towards a sustainable rural policy with spatial focus. The shift, itself is considered a continuous challenge, too. As an option could be considered a switch from direct payments to a flat rate payment based on public goods and fully decoupled plus complementary subsidies on regional base that is considered indeed to be targeted support for the provision of public goods. Another tool should be aimed at promoting and strengthening the viability of rural economy and society. It would serve on the one hand structural adjustment and new integrated risk and crisis management. On the other hand its objective would be the developing, strengthening of rural communities (improvement in the quality of rural life, support for local communities, maintenance of landscape are of higher importance). In order to create new effective policy tools – and justify that the abovementioned could be the future of CAP – and be able to attain the new objectives the following question definitely has to be asked: Do the past results, the future interest, the challenges and most of all financial possibilities – support from the EU and the national budget – of the old and new MSs differ or are these more or less similar? The paper is mainly aimed at analysing past and present agricultural expenditure originating in the EU and the national budget compared to the total EU expenditure, GNI, and GDP by means of quantitative methods. Furthermore it intends to study the trends of agricultural payments in the MSs and figure out whether the financial support is to be justified in the future.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2010, 241
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena poziomu wydatków publicznych na funkcjonowanie systemu cyberbezpieczeństwa w Polsce na tle Unii Europejskiej
Assessment of the level of public expenditure on the functioning of the cybersecurity system in Poland compared to the European Union
Autorzy:
Kiestrzyn, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2895533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
cybersecurity
threats in cyberspace
EU expenditure on cybersecurity
expenditure on cybersecurity in Poland
Opis:
The main purpose of the article is to present and assess the changes in the directions of expenditure on cybersecurity in Poland from the state budget and their impact on the assessment of technological advancement in comparison with the EU. The formal and legal regulations that came into force over the last years in the EU and in Poland in this area are reviewed as well. The first part of the article focuses on the evolution of definitions and regulations regarding cyberspace, cybercrime and cybersecurity. It also highlights the entities involved in the cybersecurity system and their role in preventing threats in cyberspace. Next, the author briefly examines main threats in the digital space of the European Union and Poland. The final section assesses directions of financing cybersecurity in Poland versus the EU. The author argues that as the use of technology increases, it will be necessary to increase public spending on cybersecurity in order to maintain the level of security.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2020, 3(63); 127-153
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of R and D expenditures on bioeconomy innovativeness
Wpływ nakładów na działalność B plus R na innowacyjność biogospodarki
Autorzy:
Matras-Bolibok, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/867238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists
Tematy:
bioeconomy
innovativeness
biotechnology
expenditure
innovation
Opis:
The paper aims at empirical evaluation of the impact of R&D expenditures on the bioeconomy innovativeness. The research is based on the cross-sectional analyses of correlation and regression between the value of biotech R&D expenditures and the number of biotech patents granted in the EU countries. In particular, the study attempts to assess a relative effectiveness of R&D expenditures in public and business sectors. The data for the analysis were extracted from the OECD Statistical Database and Eurostat Database covering the period 2009-2014. Given the availability of data the examined sample covers 11 countries. The results indicate a positive and statistically significant impact of biotech R&D expenditures on bioeconomy innovativeness in the pooled sample of countries and suggest a higher effectiveness of private sources of funding.
Celem artykułu była ocena wpływu nakładów na działalność B+R w dziedzinie biotechnologii na innowacyjność biogospodarki. Do badania wykorzystano przekrojową analizę korelacji i regresji pomiędzy wartością nakładów na działalność B+R i liczbą uzyskanych patentów w dziedzinie biotechnologii w krajach członkowskich UE . Podjęto próbę określenia relatywnej efektywności nakładów na działalność B+R pochodzących z publicznego i prywatnego sektora. Badanie oparto na danych panelowych pozyskanych z baz statystycznych OECD i Eurostatu dla lat 2009-2014. Ze względu na ograniczoną dostępność i kompletność danych próba badawcza obejmowała 11 krajów. Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały dodatni i statystycznie istotny wpływ nakładów na działalność B+R w dziedzinie biotechnologii na innowacyjność biogospodarki w badanej grupie krajów oraz na wyższą efektywność prywatnych źródeł finansowania.
Źródło:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu; 2015, 17, 6
1508-3535
2450-7296
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of the government in the university – enterprise cooperation
Autorzy:
Abuselidze, George
Davitadze, Lia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1394591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
university
enterprise
cooperation
government
expenditure
Opis:
University–enterprise cooperation considers an active and efficient cooperation of the scientists, industry and the government. The university is a significant actor in this model as it not only produces knowledge, but also creates new opportunities, protects intellectual property and converts the research outcomes into a market attractive product. This cooperation ensures that educational programs equip students with the relevant competences, and entails research suited to the demand of the market and the government. This implementation helps the university realize its third mission – serve the country and support its economic development. This paper presents our attempt to describe the role of the regional government in the university– enterprise cooperation based on a regional university in Georgia. Despite the various studies regarding university–enterprise cooperation implemented in Georgia mainly dealing with single components of the cooperation, we tried to highlight the significance of the government in this cooperation and its authentic character.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2021, 11, 2; 1-8
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odpowiedź na pytanie: czy wydatki określone w art. 4 ust. 3 ustawy o ochronie zdrowia przed następstwami używania tytoniu i wyrobów tytoniowych należą do wydatków sztywnych
An answer to the question “Whether the expenditure referred to in Article 4 para. 3 of the Act on Protection of Health against the Consequences of the Use of Tobacco and Tobacco Products are fixed expenditure?”
Autorzy:
Augustyniak‑Górna, Teresa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12710834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Excise
State budget
tobacco
expenditure
Opis:
According to the author’, the wording of Article 4 para. 3 of the Act on Protection of Health against the Consequences of the Use of Tobacco and Tobacco Products is flawed and, for that reason it cannot be properly applied in practice. In this situation it is difficult to expect legal liability of any public authority for the proper planning of expenditure for the relevant program and its execution the state budget. She claims that Article 4 para. 3 of the Act should be defined properly in such a way as to allow us to answer the above question.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2013, 4(40); 268-270
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Government social spending in the EU countries: efficiency in poverty and income inequality reduction
Autorzy:
Cyrek, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22446410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
government expenditure
poverty
inequality
efficiency
Opis:
Research background: Income inequality and poverty attract a lot of attention among politicians, activists as well as scientists, who are trying to find a solution to these socio-economic problems. State intervention is commonly expected in this field, however, there is no agreement about the most efficient methods and instruments, as well as about the scale of public expenditure for the purpose of limiting poverty and inequality. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to specify efficiency of government social spending in reducing problems of poverty and income inequality in the EU countries. Moreover, the attention is paid to changes in the efficiency in a period of the 2007 crisis occurrence and its overcoming and to sources of the changes. Methods: To fulfill the main goal of the paper, the DEA method is used, which enables to compare the social efficiency of the EU countries. The Malmquist index is also calculated and decomposed to identify changes in the efficiency and their sources in the crisis period. Data used in the analyses were obtained from Eurostat and OECD databases and cover the period from 2007 to 2016 year. Findings & Value added: The main findings of the paper shed some light on the differences in social efficiency of government spending in the EU countries. Generally, the countries with a higher level of social spending are also those with lower efficiency in inequality reduction, however, the relationship doesn?t appear for poverty alleviation. Thus, the research suggests some substitution between the scale and the efficiency of social spending, at least for the inequality dimension. Moreover, some differences in a social model can be found between the countries of the  South and of the North: the countries of the South focus their social policy mainly on inequality reduction, while the Scandinavian countries as well as some other affluent societies direct their public support mainly on poverty alleviation. The research also shows that in the crisis period decreases in efficiency concerned mainly the poverty dimension. It reflects the fact that the poor were the losers of the crisis in favor of the middle classes. The efficiency losses were induced by negative changes in the current usage of public sources, while institutional reforms positively influenced the efficiency.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2019, 14, 3; 405-424
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantitative analysis of the household’s expenditure for food
Autorzy:
Dudek, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/572485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
quantitative analysis
household expenditure
food expenditure
food consumption
household size
Polska
European Union
Opis:
The paper deals with the dependence of the share of households’ food expenditure on the total expenditure and the household’s size. This problem is important in applied welfare economics. According to the Engel’s law, the poorer household, the greater proportion of its total expenditure is devoted to the food consumption. In the study, the Working-Leser model was applied to Polish households microeconomic data from 2000, 2005 and 2009.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego; 2011, 11(26), 3
2081-6960
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy expenditure of athletes endurance and strength in the light of the Polish energy intake standards
Autorzy:
Frączek, Barbara
Grzelak, Andrzej
Klimek, Andrzej T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-02-27
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
athletes
heart rate monitoring
daily energy expenditure
training energy expenditure
endurance sports
power sports
Opis:
Objectives The purpose of the study was to estimate training energy expenditure (TEE) and daily energy expenditure (DEE) in the Polish elite athletes engaged in endurance sports and power sports, and to compare their levels with the Polish energy intake standards. Material and Methods The study sample consisted of 30 athletes (15 women and 15 men) whose energy expenditure was estimated based on heart rate monitoring. Results The mean values of DEE obtained for women engaged in endurance sports (WE – women endurance) and power sports (WP – women power) were 3201±533 kcal and 3217±554 kcal, respectively. In the group of male athletes, the respective values were 4518±717 kcal for endurance athletes (ME – men endurance) and 4459±837 kcal for power athletes (MP – men power). The mean values of TEE for female athletes were 819±240 kcal (WE) and 1047±248 kcal (WP). Those obtained for male athletes were significantly higher: 1440±675 kcal (ME) and 1337±331 kcal (MP). Conclusions Unlike the demands of particular sport disciplines, an athlete’s sex proved to be a factor causing significant differences between the TEE and DEE of athletes representing different sport disciplines. Individual athletes were found to differ significantly in their demand for energy, which in some cases was considerably different from what energy intake standards propose. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(1):1–13
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2019, 32, 1; 1-13
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health Care Expenditure and the State of Health Care Sector in Selected European Union Countries
Autorzy:
Hady, Joanna
Leśniowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
expenditure
health care
European Union
Opis:
The article deals with the issue of health care, focusing on expenditure allocated to it. The first part of the article reviews some selected European Union countries, analyzing their expenditure on their health care sectors. The second part brings an analysis of expenditure on health care in Poland. Basing on this analysis we determine the state of the Polish health care sector. Moreover, as regards the Polish health care sector, we indicate the expenditure forecasts. The article concludes with a comparison of the state of the Polish system to the state of the systems in other European countries.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2011, 7, 4; 25-36
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innowacyjność sektora farmaceutycznego
Innovation in the Pharmaceutical Sector
Autorzy:
Nowicka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575703.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
innovation
pharmaceutical sector
research expenditure
Opis:
The article discusses the involvement of pharmaceutical companies in the development of new drugs and therapies. The analysis shows that eight of the world’s 10 best-selling pharmaceuticals have originated in the United States, and two have been developed in Western Europe. Innovative brand-name drugs accounted for only 15 percent of the new pharmaceuticals registered in the United States in 1989-2000. All the other pharmaceuticals were generic drugs and modifications of pharmaceuticals already available on the market. Taxpayers and research institutes cover 85 percent of the costs of research into the development of new treatments. The role of generic drugs is growing-chiefly because f their more affordable prices compared with those of patented drugs. Not only private consumers, but also public sector institutions obligated to provide health services to citizens, have appreciated the attractiveness of generic drugs. After Poland’s accession to the European Union on May 1, 2004, Polish pharmaceutical producers have gained new opportunities to increase their competitive position. However, Poland is still far behind highly industrialized countries in the level of expenditure on research into the development of new pharmaceuticals and therapies. This means that decision makers in Poland must work to upgrade the legal system and encourage businesses to focus on pharmaceutical research, the author concludes.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2006, 212, 11-12; 70-86
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
National and EU budget expenditures supporting the organisation of the fruit and vegetable market in Poland after 2010
Krajowy i unijny budżet rolny Polski po 2010 r. redukcja wydatków i kierunki zmian
Autorzy:
Bieniek-Majka, Maryla
Czyżewski, Andrzej
Matuszczak, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/296018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania
Tematy:
national budget expenditure
EU expenditure
expenditure reduction
fruit and vegetable market
wydatki budżetu państwa
wydatki UE
zmniejszenie wydatków
rynek owoców i warzyw
Opis:
The aim of the article is to discuss the role of national and EU budget resources supporting organisation in the fruit and vegetable market. By way of introduction, the level and dynamics of (national and EU) budget expenditures supporting the agricultural sector in general was presented. Next, expenditures on the support for the fruit and vegetable market were analysed in detail. The research period covered the years 2010-2019. The authors pointed to the progressive decrease in spending on the agricultural sector in Poland, both from national and EU funds. At the same time, the support provided to the title sector was relatively large, but rather short-term, which made the formation and consolidation of the desired structures within the framework of horizontal integration impossible.
Celem artykułu jest wskazanie na rolę wydatków z budżetu krajowego i budżetu UE wspierających organizację rynku owoców i warzyw. Jako wprowadzenie przedstawiono poziom i dynamikę wydatków budżetowych (krajowych i unijnych) wspierających sektor rolny w ogóle. Następnie szczegółowo przeanalizowano wydatki na wsparcie rynku owoców i warzyw. Okres badań obejmował lata 2010-2019. Autorzy wskazali na postępujące zmniejszanie wydatków na sektor rolny w Polsce, zarówno z funduszy krajowych, jak i unijnych. Jednocześnie wsparcie sektora tytularnego było stosunkowo duże, ale raczej krótkoterminowe, co nie pozwalało na tworzenie i konsolidację wymaganych struktur w ramach integracji horyzontalnej.
Źródło:
Management; 2019, 23, 1; 225-238
1429-9321
2299-193X
Pojawia się w:
Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Concerns on the issue of defence expenditure in the post-crisis Greece
Autorzy:
Katsaitis, Odysseus
Kondylis, Konstantine
A. Zombanakis, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-01-28
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
defence expenditure
economic growth
arms races
Opis:
The paper aims to tackle a controversial issue, namely the anticipated developments regarding defence expenditure once the Greek economy returns to growth. Such a comeback is expected to occur following a prolonged recessionary period during which defence spending cuts were a top priority, as recommended by the IMF, the ECB and the EC, members of the so-called “Troika”. The paper uses both conventional econometrics as well as neural networks to consider and evaluate the hierarchy’s ordering of the determinants used in such a demand for defence expenditure based on their explanatory power. While the role of property resources is certainly pronounced, as expected, human resources variables also seem to be able to explain defence spending developments, especially in the recent past. A forecasting investigation based on this background points to a number of interesting conclusions on the anticipated developments concerning defence spending in the future as well as on the determinants of such developments which might represent a threat to NATO cohesion.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 24, 2; 177-201
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 312

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