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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Rumuńscy Arumuni i ich język
    Aromanians of Romania and their language
    Autorzy:
    Klimkowski, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-01-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Aromanians
    Romania
    Vlachs
    Dubrudja
    Arumuni
    Rumunia
    Wołosi
    Dobrudża
    Opis:
    Until 1913, all Aromanians lived in the same state i.e. the Ottoman Empire, on equal terms with the other non-Muslim subjects of the sultan. After the Balkan wars, they did not succeed in forming their own state and they became separated by the new borders of the four countries: Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Albania. That quickly led to ethnic and linguistic tensions, especially in Greece, which continued its policy of forced assimilation of the Vlachs. The mass emigration to Romania, considered by many Vlachs as their only real homeland – first to the Southern and then to the Northern Dobruja – saved them from persecutions but did not protect their ethnic, linguistic and cultural distinctness from assimilation. After having settled in Romania, Aromanians adopted the Romanian identity and language according to the theory that they represented a part of the Romanian nation and their language – a dialect of Romanian. This traditional, pro-Romanian point of view was the only and official one for a half century, until the late 1970s. It still subsists but competes now with a new, opposite point of view, considered and named a “separatist” one. This new point of view envisages the Aromanians to be a separate nation with a distinct language and requires their recognition as a minority group on behalf of the Romanian authorities. Regarding the linguistic aspect, the Aromanian language used in Romania is strongly influenced by Romanian, both lexically and gramatically. For the Aromanian language, Romanian represents a source of modern life or abstract vocabulary and a model of morphosyntactic structures. As for the linguistic analysis in our present study, it is based on Aromanian-language articles and literary works, translated or original, written by Aromanian intellectuals from Romania (some of whom subsequently having emigrated in the meantime and lived in other countries).
    Źródło:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2012, 19, 1; 7-17
    0239-4278
    2450-3177
    Pojawia się w:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rumuńskie roszczenia terytorialne wobec Bułgarii w dobie wojen bałkańskich
    Romanian claims against Bulgaria during the period of the Balkan Wars
    Autorzy:
    Znamierowska-Rakk, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909880.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-01-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Balkan Wars
    Romania
    Bulgaria
    Dobrudja
    Bessarabia
    Wojny Bałkańskie
    Rumunia
    Bułgaria
    Dobrudża
    Besarabia
    Opis:
    This article is to demonstrate the genesis and repercussions of the Romanian territorial claims against Bulgaria during the war period of the 1912-1913 in the Balkan Peninsula. What is most stressed is the direct relationship of the said claims with the separation of Bessarabia from the Romanian state, executed by the 1878 Berlin truce and annexation of Northern Dobrudja, a region inhabited mostly by Bulgarians. This last fact inspired the anxiety in Bucharest, that Bulgaria might claim that land by force. This was worsened after 1908, when Bulgaria proclaimed itself a sovereign empire, intent on incorporating major parts of Macedonia and Thrace since the decisive victory over the Ottoman Turkey. Such broadening of the Bulgarian borders was regarded in Bucharest as a threat to the political equilibrium in the Balkans, endangering the Romanian state security and territorial integrity. As a result the government of Romania issued a claim to reestablish the border with Bulgaria, which was in essence a claim over Southern Dobrudja. In spite of rather favorable international circumstances in the early XX century, the Romanians were unable to bring this notion into being until the second half of 1913, the outbreak of an inter-alliance war, a result of frictions between Bulgaria, Serbia and Greece. The lack of success on the side of the Bulgarian armed forces at the western front and the fact that their northern and northeastern provinces were left unprotected incited Romania to invade Bulgaria and annex the Southern Dobrudja. A Turkish invasion followed shortly. As a consequence, and with recognition of the European superpowers of the time, on 10th August 1913 in Bucharest a harsh treaty was imposed on Bulgarians, with the loss of the contested Southern Dobrudja amongst other terms.
    Źródło:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2012, 19, 1; 287-295
    0239-4278
    2450-3177
    Pojawia się w:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stosunki bułgarsko-rumuńskie w latach 1912–1913 (na podstawie bułgarskich, niemieckich i austro-węgierskich dokumentów dyplomatycznych)
    Bulgarian-Romanian relations in the years 1912–1913 (on the base of Bulgarian, German and Austro-Hungarian diplomatic sources)
    Autorzy:
    Rubacha, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32328809.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Bulgaria
    Romania
    Balkan wars 1912–1913
    Dobruja
    great powers
    Bułgaria
    Rumunia
    wojny bałkańskie 1912–1913
    Dobrudża
    wielkie mocarstwa
    Opis:
    Trwające od ponad trzydziestu lat napięcie w stosunkach bułgarsko-rumuńskich osiągnęło apogeum w latach 1912–1913, a perspektywa naruszenia przez Bułgarię status quo na Bałkanach skłoniła Rumunię do wystąpienia z żądaniami nowych gwarancji bezpieczeństwa i odszkodowań terytorialnych. Podjęte pertraktacje między Bukaresztem i Sofią wykazały jednak znaczne rozbieżności w stanowiskach stron w kwestii modyfikacji granicy Dobrudży, których nie były w stanie zniwelować nawet naciski wielkich mocarstw. Dlatego Rumunia wypowiedziała Bułgarii wojnę, ale modyfikacja granicy w Dobrudży opisana w traktacie bukareszteńskim z 1913 r. nie przywróciła dobrych relacji między sąsiednimi państwami.
    Bulgarian-Romanian relations in the years 1912–1913 (on the base of Bulgarian, German and Austro-Hungarian diplomatic sources). The tensions in Bulgarian-Romanian relations, which had lasted for over thirty years, reached their peak in 1912–1913, and the prospect of Bulgaria breaching the status quo in the Balkans prompted Romania to ask for new security guarantees and territorial compensation. However, the negotiations between Bucharest and Sofia showed significant divergences in the positions of the parties regarding the modification of the Dobruja border, which even the pressure of the great powers could not offset. Therefore, Romania declared war on Bulgaria, but the modification of the border in Dobruja described in the Treaty of Bucharest of 1913 did not restore good relations between neighbouring countries.
    Źródło:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2022, 29; 199-212
    0239-4278
    2450-3177
    Pojawia się w:
    Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An early Middle Anisian (Middle Triassic) Tubiphytes and cement crusts-dominated reef from North Dobrogea (Romania): facies, depositional environment and diagenesis
    Autorzy:
    Popa, L.
    Panaiotu, C. E.
    Grădinaru, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/138920.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Anisian (Middle Triassic)
    Carbonate slope
    Microbialites
    Tubiphytes-buildup
    North Dobrogea
    Romania
    anizyk
    trias środkowy
    Tubiphytes
    Dobrudża
    Rumunia
    Opis:
    A well-developed Triassic carbonate platform is exposed in the eastern part of the Tulcea Unit, in the Cimmerian North Dobrogean Orogen, southeastern Romania. Facies analysis of the 200 m thick succession of lower Middle Anisian limestones exposed in a large limestone quarry south of the village of Mahmudia suggests a transition from upper slope towards toe-of-slope carbonate facies, reflecting sea-level fluctuations and tectonic tilting. The slope is dominated by in situ microbialites in the upper portion, consisting of reefal boundstone facies, and by molluscan coquina and cement boundstones. A key role is played by the cosmopolitan micro-encruster Tubiphytes, which became common in the aftermath of the mass extinction at the Permian/Triassic boundary, and by autochthonous micrite and synsedimentary marine cement. The absence of metazoan reef builders, such as sponges and corals, reflects the fact that microbes were the first organisms to recover after the Permian/Triassic crisis under unusual marine conditions and that their main role in reef formation was sediment stabilization along the upper slopes. The lower slope is mostly detrital, being dominated by platform-derived bioclastic rudstones and crinoidal floatstones, which are interbedded with basinal carbonate hemipelagics. The toe-of-slope is composed of pelagic wackestones framed by thin tongues of intraclast breccia. All these observations are in agreement with the slopeshedding model described for the Pennsylvanian microbial margin in Asturias (northern Spain) and the Anisian– Ladinian flat-topped, steep-rimmed Latemar platform (Dolomites, Italy). As most of the Anisian reefs were described from western and eastern Tethys (Southern Alps, Hungary, China), the occurrence of the early Middle Anisian Tubiphytes-reef from North Dobrogea (Romania) contributes to resolving the puzzle of the geographic distribution of reef recovery in the Middle Triassic.
    Źródło:
    Acta Geologica Polonica; 2014, 64, 2; 189-206
    0001-5709
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Geologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Mint Of Callatis In The Hellenistic Period. Stages And Possible Models Of Presence, Penetration And Possible Monetary Circulation In The Greco-Native Environment
    Mennica Kallatis w okresie hellenistycznym. Etapy rozwoju i możliwe modele obecności, penetracji i możliwej cyrkulacji monet w środowisku greckim i wśród ludności miejscowej
    Autorzy:
    Talmațchi, Gabriel Mircea
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/584886.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    Callatis, coins, monetary circulation, workshop, Dobrudja, Pontus Euxinus, Hellenistic period
    Kallatis, monety, obieg monetarny, warsztat, Dobrudża, Morze Czarne, okres hellenistyczny
    Opis:
    Kallatis, założone prawdopodobnie w drugiej połowie VI w. p.n.e. przez Herakleję Pontyjską, w IV w. p.n.e. przeżywało okres rozkwitu gospodarczego. Był to również rozwoju urbanistycznego miasta. Kontakty handlowe miasta sięgały, między innymi, Heraklei, Synopy, Tazos i Rodos. Na ten czas przypada rozwój mennictwa Kallatis. Bito początkowo drachmy, hemidrachmy i niższe nominały. Później bito złote statery, srebrne tetradrachmy oraz monety miedziane o rozmaitej ikonografii. Oceniając czas rozpoczęcia produkcji monet w Kallatis zwrócić należy uwagę, że na terenie dzisiejszej Dobrudży wcześniej monety bito jedynie w Histrii. W artykule zaprezentowano dyskusję na temat obiegu monet Kallatis od IV do I w. p.n.e. Zwrócono uwagę na powiązania rozpowszechnienia monet Kallatis z powiązaniami handlowymi miasta.
    The city of Callatis, founded by colonists of Heraclea Pontica, probably in the second half of the 6th century BC, experienced a special period of economic and urban development during the 4th century BC. With its resource-rich agricultural hinterland, the colony sustained a dynamic trade with important commercial centres (Heraclea, Sinope, Thasos, Rhodes etc.). During the second half of the 4th century BC, the local and regional context favoured the opening of a mint that initially struck silver (drachmas, half drachmas and quarter drachmas), then gold (staters) and silver (tetradrachms), as well as bronze coins of various iconographic types. Chronologically, Callatis is the second coin-issuing centre on the west coast of the Dobrudja after Istros. The presence, penetration and possible circulation of monetary issues from Callatis, during the 4th-1st centuries BC, can be traced step by step in different geographic areas, which closely correlate to the directions of trade developed by the colony in different chronological phases. What is noteworthy for the isolated discoveries is, during the fourth century, the widespread distribution of the bronze coins of the city, which are found in overwhelming proportions if we compare them with finds of Greek, Greek-native and native issues (particularly as regards the territory south of the Danube).
    Źródło:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia; 2019, 65; 139-148
    0065-0986
    2451-0300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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