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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Psychoanaliza jako narzędzie badań socjologicznych – propozycja integracji podejść i metod badawczych. Casus koncepcji Marii Louise von Franz
    Psychoanalysis as a tool for sociological research - proposal for integration of approaches and research methods. Casus concept by Maria Louisa von Franz
    Autorzy:
    Butmanowicz-Dębicka, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/485856.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
    Tematy:
    divination;
    irrational knowledge;
    psychoanalysis;
    synchronicity
    Opis:
    In the article entitled „ Psychoanalysis as a tool for sociological research - proposal for integration of approaches and research methods. Casus concept by Maria Louisa von Franz.” was presented a less known psychoanalitical interpretation of divination. Reconstruction of the main establishments of this interpretation allows to affirm, that this conceptualisation makes possible to understand a fraction of reasons of today’s popularity related to this phenomenon. Analysis of von Franz works leads to conclusion, that she comprehends divination as a constant form of natural knowledge, making use of the nonfactitive synchronicity principle and unus mundus concept. In the article was presented the interpretation of the phenomenon of irrational knowledge with consideration of ignored by empirical sciences logic of divination, and act of divination was characterised as a practical system, which simplifies for people an adaptation to social reality. This perspective allowed for the presentation of this irrational knowledge aspects, which are rarely recognised by modern humanities and social sciences, which are so often unable to clarify reasons of popularity of this kind of knowledge.
    Źródło:
    Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2017, 3(26); 5-14
    1898-8431
    Pojawia się w:
    Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Astro TV in Holland: Spirituality, Power and Gender
    Autorzy:
    Jespers, Frans
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/640977.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    Divination
    spirituality
    power
    gender
    psychics
    television
    internet
    Opis:
    In the Netherlands a two-hour spiritual television show called Astro TV is broadcast daily on a commercial channel. I analyse the power and gender relations in and underlying this programme on the basis of my anthropological observations with reference to the theories of Bourdieu, Wood, Woodhead and others. In the show clients can call in and have a short consultation with a “spiritual specialist”, usually a psychic. On the surface such shows are very much like the presentations that psychics held at paranormal fairs in the 1990s. Both in the television show and in real consultations the psychics do dominate somewhat because of their claim to channel special signs or messages from “beyond” – they act like magicians. However, clients can reject the message or debate its meaning. Backstage a large and obscure pool of psychics, alternative healers and counsellors, publishers and businesspeople use divination programmes and other mass media presentations to supply a large public with holistic spirituality. On this second level real power is exerted more or less anonymously and commercially. Nevertheless, the divination practice appears to offer psychological support to the mainly working-class women who participate in it. Besides, both clients and psychics enjoy such practices, for instance as entertainment. Although religious symbolism is frequently used in such divinations, they should not be seen as a form of religion (because they lack worship), but as secular spirituality.
    Źródło:
    Studia Religiologica; 2012, 45, 2; 93-108
    0137-2432
    2084-4077
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Religiologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Силата на женското слово в баладите на К.Я. Ербен
    The Power of Women’s Words in K.J. Erben’s Ballads
    Autorzy:
    Маджарова, Таня
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    speech of the woman
    prayer
    blessing
    divination
    imprecation
    collective memory
    Opis:
    The power of women’s words in K.J. Erben’s balladsdiscusses the author’s literary texts (the collections  Písně and  Kytice),  in  which  the  woman  is  presented  as  a  permanent  character who is in the focus of significant conflict situations and moral problems. Women’s words have  a  broad spectrum  of  expression:  from  the  intimate  address  to  oneself,  through  the prayer, the blessing, the divination, and the imprecation, to the prophecy. Women’s words refer to a peculiar reflection of the collective memory and norm, but at the same time they bring the woman out of her anonymity, individualizing her in her own desires and intentions. 
    Źródło:
    Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2013, 4
    2084-3011
    Pojawia się w:
    Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Sacred and the Poetic: The Use of Religious Terminology in Ovid’s Words
    Sacrum słowem sławione – terminologia religijna w twórczości Owidiusza
    Autorzy:
    Kaczor, Idaliana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1045765.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Ovid
    Latin poetry
    Roman religion
    Roman divination
    Roman religious festivities
    Opis:
    The article investigates Ovid’s use of religious terminology and imagery, in particular in the Fasti and the Metamorphoses. As an educated Roman citizen, Ovid was conversant with Roman ritual practices and frequently drew on facets of the Roman religious experience in his writing, exploring topics such as ritual performance, religious nomenclature, festivals, customs and traditions. In the article, I argue that Ovid’s treatment of religious material is deliberately uneven. The poet, well-versed in the Roman ritual nomenclature, nevertheless flaunted his technical competence only in the rite-oriented Fasti: in his other works, above all in the myth-laden Metamorphoses, he abandoned drier technical details for artistic flair and poetic imagery, unconstrained by traditional practices of Roman piety. The mythological setting of the latter poem gave Ovid a chance to comment upon universal truths of human nature, espousing the prevailing Roman belief that maintaining good relations with the gods (pax deorum) through collective piety would win Rome divine favour in all her initiatives.
    Źródło:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2019, 29, 2; 17-35
    0302-7384
    Pojawia się w:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Folklore of the Karaites in Lithuania: the Yehuda Bezekowicz Manuscript from Troki, 1873
    Autorzy:
    Muchowski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/916430.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Karaite folklore
    Hebrew divination and magic literature
    practical cabbala
    Troki
    Yehuda Bezekowicz
    Opis:
    The Heb 8°3652 manuscript from the National Library of Israel is among a collection of rare manuscripts from 19th-century Lithuania containing unofficial Karaite literature. These manuscripts, including the Abkowicz 3 and JSul.I.05 manuscripts, contain a vast collection of texts relating to the practical cabbala. Some of them are typical of divination and magic literature, and many resemble parallel texts from the Cairo Geniza in their form and contents. Their presence in Karaite manuscripts is exceptional for theological reasons. The Karaite translations of these texts were presented by professor Ananiasz Zajączkowski in the inter-war period as representative evidence of Karaite folklore and folk literature. This article includes an introductory presentation of the Heb 8.3652 manuscript.
    Źródło:
    Karaite Archives; 2014, 2
    2353-2327
    Pojawia się w:
    Karaite Archives
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Old Women: Divination and Magic or anus in Roman Literature
    Autorzy:
    Migdał, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046790.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-01-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Anus
    old woman
    witch
    magic
    prophetess
    divination
    Horace
    Ovid
    Petronius
    Apuleius
    Opis:
    Word anus was used in a primarily negative sense to describe an old woman. Anus is usually presented as a libidinous and hideous hag who indulges in strong wine or practices black magic, mainly for erotic purposes. Though Latin literature brings as well examples of a different type of anus: goddesses assuming the shape of old women to guide or deceive the mortals and old prophetic women, inspired by the gods. Anus can be gifted with divine powers and secret knowledge. The paper traces the motif of anus as a witch or a divine woman on the basis of selected examples from the works of Horace, Ovid, Petronius, Apuleius and Silius Italicus.
    Źródło:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae; 2014, 24, 2; 57-67
    0302-7384
    Pojawia się w:
    Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of lethuelas/sangomas in Lesotho. “Traditional” beliefs, spiritual professions and Christianity among the Basotho
    Autorzy:
    Podolecka, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082775.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Orientalistyczny. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki
    Tematy:
    African spirituality
    sangoma
    lethuela
    lingaka
    shamanism
    healing
    divination
    ancestral spirits
    Lesotho
    Opis:
    This article investigates the place of lehuelas/sangomas in Basotho society, their vocation, work and relationship with Christian churches. Lethuelas, also called sangomas or shamans, are healers, diviners and/or mediums. Thanks to the country’s mountainous isolation, their vocation and work can be observed in its most primal and unspoilt version, passed down for generations without much influence of outside shamanic traditions or New Age forms of shamanism encountered in other Southern African countries. The article includes the data gathered during the field studies conducted in Lesotho in March 2013 and January 2019 in four regions: the capital city of Maseru (250 000 inhabitants), the Nazaretha/Roma region, the villages and tiny settlements in the western part of the Maloti Mountains, and the Butha-Buthe district in the north of the country.
    Źródło:
    Studies in African Languages and Cultures; 2021, 55; 159-184
    2545-2134
    2657-4187
    Pojawia się w:
    Studies in African Languages and Cultures
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przepowiednia w historii języka polskiego
    Autorzy:
    Krótki, Zuzanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/611390.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    divination
    former stages of Polish
    history of Polish
    przepowiednia
    polszczyzna dawna
    historia języka polskiego
    Opis:
    The article analyzes 15th- and early 20th-century terms for divination and for people able to augur future. The material has been excerpted from all available lexicographic sources. It has been arranged with regard to images, relative to which lexical units are formed. The units oscillate around six thematic fields: (i) throwing the dice; (ii) divination dictated by the awareness of the sorcerer (the witch or the magus); (iii) divination based on visual sensations; (iv) divination based on speech acts; (v) divination based on dreams; (vi) the names of charlatans. The assignment of particular units to these categories is never arbitrary. The analysis reveals an increasing number of expressive names at the end of the 18th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. This probably results from the rising distrust of the magical portends and superstitions prevailing in 18th-century Europe.The predominating method in this study is an examination of contexts in which divination words appeared in the history of the Polish language. The semantic values of the lexemes has been determined on the basis of their use registered in historical dictionaries of Polish.
    W artykule poddano analizie nazwy przepowiedni oraz osób umiejących przewidzieć przeszłość, funkcjonujące w polszczyźnie w okresie od XV do początków XX wieku. Zgromadzony ze wszystkich dostępnych źródeł leksykograficznychmateriał uporządkowany został w nawiązaniu do obrazów, które były podstawa dla generowania jednostek leksykalnych. Okazało się, że nazwy te oscylowały wokół sześciu pól: 1. Rzucanie losów; 2. Przepowiednie dyktowane przez podświadomość wróżącego; 3. Przepowiednie oparte na doznaniach wzrokowych; 4. Przepowiednie oparte na nazwie aktu mowy; 5. Przepowiednie oparte na odczytywaniu przyszłości ze snów; 6. Nazwy szarlatanów. Przynależność poszczególnych jednostek do wydzielonych grup nigdy jednak nie była arbitralna.Badania pokazały również, że pod koniec XVIII i na początku XX wieku notowanych jest coraz więcej nazw ekspresywnych. Przyczyna tego zjawiska jest zapewne rosnąca nieufność względem przepowiedni i zabobonów, obserwowana w całej osiemnastowiecznej Europie.Metodą dominującą w niniejszym szkicu jest analiza kontekstów, w których występowały wyrazy należące do pola semantycznego PRZEPOWIEDNIA w historii języka polskiego. Na podstawie poświadczeń użycia danego wyrazu w słownikach rejestrujących polszczyznę dawną wnioskowano o jego wartości znaczeniowej w danym okresie.
    Źródło:
    Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury; 2015, 27
    0860-8032
    Pojawia się w:
    Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Leksyka z zakresu wróżbiarstwa i czarów w Nowym wielkim dykcjonarzu Pierre’a Daneta i Dymitra Franciszka Koli
    The Lexis of Divination and Witchcraft in Nowy Wielki Dykcjonarz by Pierre Danet and Dymitr Franciszek Kola
    Autorzy:
    Marczak, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035342.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-27
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    historical lexicology
    18th century
    Danet-Kola Dictionary
    Dymitr Franciszek Kola
    Pierre Danet
    sorcery
    divination
    Opis:
    The paper aims to investigate Polish lexis belonging to the semantic fields of DIVINATION and WITCHCRAFT. The material was excerpted from the 18th-century trilingual Nowy wielki dykcjonarz (New grand dictionary). The semantic fields under analysis were divided into subfields. In the case of DIVINATION, the subfields of DIVINATION PRACTISES and PEOPLE FORETELLING THE FUTURE were identified. In turn, WITCHCRAFT was subdivided into MAGICAL PRACTICES, PEOPLE PRACTISING MAGIC and EFFECTS OF MAGIC. The analysis of the retrieved material suggests that the number of individual lexemes is relatively small and usually polysemic, which appears to contradict the popularity and prevalence of divination and witchcraft in the 18th-century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as established by cultural historians. The supposed misrepresentation of the semantic fields under scrutiny may reflect the didactic nature of the Polish part of the dictionary.
    Źródło:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza; 2021, 28, 2; 107-124
    1233-8672
    2450-4939
    Pojawia się w:
    Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Religion, Platonist Dialectics, and Pragmatist Analysis: Marcus Tullius Cicero’s Contributions to the Philosophy and Sociology of Divine and Human Knowing
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138929.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-27
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Religion
    God(s)
    Cicero
    Plato
    Philosophy
    Pragmatism
    Symbolic Interaction
    Dialectic Analysis
    Knowing
    Epicureanism
    Stoicism
    Fatalism
    Divination
    Opis:
    Whereas Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Augustine are probably the best known of the early Western philosophers of religion, Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BCE) also played a particularly consequential role in the development and continuity of Greco-Latin-European social thought. Cicero may be best known for his work on rhetoric and his involvements in the political intrigues of Rome, but Cicero’s comparative examinations of the Greco-Roman philosophies of his day merit much more attention than they have received from contemporary scholars. Cicero’s considerations of philosophy encompass much more than the theological issues considered in this statement, but, in the process of engaging Epicurean and Stoic thought from an Academician (Platonist) perspective, Cicero significantly extends the remarkable insights provided by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Although especially central to the present analysis, Cicero’s On the Nature of the Gods (1972) is only one of several texts that Cicero directs to a comparative (multiparadigmatic and transhistorical) analysis of divine and human knowing. Much of Cicero’s treatment of the philosophy of religion revolves around variants of the Socratic standpoints (i.e., dialectics, theology, moralism) that characterized the philosophies of Cicero’s era (i.e., Stoicism, Epicureanism, Academician dialectics), but Cicero also engages the matters of human knowing and acting in what may be envisioned as more distinctively pragmatist sociological terms. As well, although Cicero’s materials reflect the socio-historical context in which he worked, his detailed analysis of religion represents a valuable source of comparison with present day viewpoints and practices. Likewise, a closer examination of Cicero’s texts indicates that many of the issues of divine and human knowing, with which he explicitly grapples, have maintained an enduring conceptual currency. This paper concludes with a consideration of the relevance of Cicero’s works for a contemporary pragmatist sociological (symbolic interactionist) approach to the more generic study of human knowing and acting.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2011, 7, 3; 1-30
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Shamanism and Armed Conflict – a Case Study of the Interface between Religion and War in Aboriginal South America
    Chamanismo y los conflictos armados – un estudio de caso de la interfaz entre la religión y la guerra en los aborígenes de América del Sur
    Autorzy:
    ALVARSSON, Jan-Åke
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/486211.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    chamanismo
    los conflictos armados
    amerindios
    Gran Chaco
    el liderazgo chamánico
    adivinación
    shamanism
    armed conflict
    Amerindians
    shamanic leadership
    divination
    Opis:
    El chamán amerindio siempre ha tenido como su mayor tarea de restaurar la harmonía cósmica, sea en forma individual, como en curaciones, o en forma colectiva, como en el caso de un pueblo afectado por una plaga. Esta contribu-ción trata de llevar adelante un aspecto muchas veces ignorado, la actuación del cha-mán en casos de conflictos armados. El caso etnográfico proviene de los ‗weenhayek, un pueblo recolector del Gran Chaco. Entre esta gente, el chamán jugaba un rol im-portante en la estrategia y la actuación de los guerreros. Para entender las diferentes facetas de las actividades bélicas, se sugiere una vista holística del chamanismo y de los estudios societales en general.
    The main task of the Amerindian shaman has always been the restoration of cosmological harmony, whether it has been on an individual level, like in healing, or on a collective level, like when a village has been affected by an epidemic or any other type of plague. This article wants to bring an aspect to the fore that often has been ignored, the performance of the shaman in cases of armed conflicts. The ethnographic case used here is from the ‗Weenhayek, a group of foragers in the Gran Chaco. Among these, a shaman played an important role in the setting up of a strategy and deciding time and space for the warriors to attack. To understand this combination of two phenomena, that have often been divided into two compartments by scholars, shamanism and war, we suggest a holistic view of Amerindian society, of shamanism, war and society in general.
    Źródło:
    Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review; 2010, 1, 13; 233-256
    1641-4713
    Pojawia się w:
    Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wróżbiarskie rytuały małego pogrzebu wtórnego u Ludu Konkomba z Północnej Ghany
    Divinitation Rituals of the Small Secondary Funeral among the Konkomba of Northern Ghana
    Autorzy:
    Zimoń, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143997.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-01-30
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    zła śmierć
    wróżbita
    wróżbiarstwo
    mały pogrzeb wtórny
    wioska Kukuln
    lud Konkomba
    Afryka Zachodnia
    bad death
    diviner
    divination
    small secondary funeral
    village of Kukuln
    Konkomba people
    West Africa
    Opis:
    This article describes and interprets two divination rituals of the so-called small secondary funeral in the village of Kutuln. These relate to a bad death, which occurs when people die prematurely or inappropriately. Africans feel fear toward the dead who in life were bad people and those who died a bad death. The concept of a bad death for Africans presents their approach to life, the time of death and the moral evaluation of dead people, as a premature or unusual death is not accidental. A bad death explains the course of human life and has an impact on the burial of the deceased and his fate in the afterlife. Africans believe that those who die a bad death, do not leave the sphere of human life and do not pass into the land of their ancestors. People who die a bad death are deprived of a normal burial and extensive secondary funeral, and the living will never respect them and called upon them through prayers and sacrifices. Small secondary funerals among the Konkomba are limited to the divining rites, which last one day. The course of divination is similar in small and large secondary funerals. The initial phase of divination using 10 cowrie shells is decisive and important. During the long speech, Bingo, the main diviner or the master reveals and explains the causes of the bad death and propose preventive measures designed to remove ritual impurity and the propitiation of supernatural beings. The cause of death of the woman Mafimbi were quarrels and disagreements with her husband in the village of Bwana, caused by her lover Nbale. She would have happily married him, but her father did not agree to it. Her lover Nbale persuaded Mafimbi not to eat or drink in the home of her husband. The second case concerns the death of a nameless girl who died on the day of her birth because of quarreling parents: her father Bindifrim and her mother Ndodebu living in the village of Jinjinabi. Noteworthy is the attitude of dependence on help, during the divining rites, of the god Uwumbor, spirits of the Earth, clan protective spirits, gnome bush spirits, twin spirits, ancestor spirits, and especially spirits of dead diviners. Help from these supernatural beings is essential during the rites of divination, in order to properly explain the circumstances and causes of death of deceased persons. Divination by using three sticks as complementary only confirms the previously given causes of death. It should be noted that during these divining rites, small and large secondary funerals also have a didactic and moralistic dimension, because they teach people respect for tradition, preservation of social norms and moral order in the life of the individual and community.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Teologii Fundamentalnej i Religiologii; 2012, 4; 227-240
    2080-8534
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Teologii Fundamentalnej i Religiologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Terminy „magia” i „czarownictwo” w świetle badan etnologicznych i religioznawczych
    The Terms Magic and Witchcraft in the Light of Anthropological and Religious Studies
    Autorzy:
    Zimon, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143980.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-01-30
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    magia
    czarownictwo nabyte
    czarownictwo wrodzone (wiedźmostwo)
    mag
    czarownik (czarownica)
    wiedźmin (wiedźma)
    wykrywacz czarów
    wróżbiarstwo
    uroczne oczy
    ruchy antyczarownicze
    magic
    sorcery
    witchcraft
    magician
    sorcerer
    witch
    witch-doctor
    divination
    evil eye
    anti-witchcraft movements
    Opis:
    The subject of the article is a terminological reflection on the definition and interpretation of magic and witchcraft in the light of research by anthropologists and scholars of religion from the second half of the XIX c. to contemporary times. The views of evolutionists E. B. Tylor and J. G. Frazer, sociologists E. Durkheim, H. Hubert and M. Mauss, social anthropologist B. K. Malinowski, philosopher E. Cassirer and structuralist C. Lévi-Strauss are discussed. The principle criterion differentiating religion from magic is man referring to supernatural powers and beings. Practicing magic is socially approved of and has as its goal the good of an individual or social group. In the life of nonliterate peoples, religion and magic are united and that is why we speak of the religious-magical character of their beliefs, rituals and behaviour. Contemporary anthropologists and scholars of religion treat magic and religion as a field complementary and closely related with each other in the cultures of nonliterate peoples. Magic must be differentiated from witchcraft, whose goal is to conjure evil upon a person or community. E. E. Evans-Pritchard identified among the Azande people (southern Sudan) two types of wizardry: acquired sorcery which meant that the sorcerer consciously uses mixtures, spells and rites attempting to conjure evil and inborn witchcraft in which the witch based upon inherited psychic power unconsciously injures others by sending or activating a certain substance. This division is not universally applied in Africa, since inborn witchcraft appears much more rarely among African peoples than acquired sorcery. Faith in charms fulfils a cognitive, psychological, social, political and legal role. At the dawn of modern transformations in Africa, witchcraft is linked with jealousy, hidden aggression, social and economic inequality and the desire for power. On the one hand, Africanists stress the increase in witchcraft practices and a return to anti-witchcraft movements, and on the other hand, they draw attention to the fact that modernization and secularization related with it slowly contribute to lessening searching for explanations of misfortunes, illness and death in witchcraft beliefs.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Teologii Fundamentalnej i Religiologii; 2011, 3; 167-197
    2080-8534
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Teologii Fundamentalnej i Religiologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Święto Matki Boskiej Gromnicznej w religijności ludowej
    Feast of Our Lady of Candles in Folk Religiosity
    Autorzy:
    Kupisiński, Zdzisław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Ofiarowanie Pańskie
    Święto Matki Boskiej Gromnicznej
    świeca woskowa zwana gromnicą
    religijność ludowa
    pobożność ludowa
    zwyczaje
    obrzędy i wierzenia ludowe
    tradycja ludowa
    wróżby
    praktyki magiczne
    Presentation of the Lord
    Feast of Our Lady of Candles
    “Gromnica”
    folk piety
    customs
    rituals and folk beliefs
    folk tradition
    divination
    magical practices
    Opis:
    Święto Matki Boskiej Gromnicznej to późniejsza nazwa powstałego w IV wieku święta Ofiarowania Pańskiego. Początkowo obchody święta posiadały chrystologiczny akcent, ale z upływem czasu nabrały charakteru maryjnego (obecnie w liturgii powrócono do pierwotnej nazwy). W polskiej religijności ludowej funkcjonowała nazwa Matki Boskiej Gromnicznej ze względu na święcenie w Kościele świec zwanych gromnicami. Pod wpływem nauki Kościoła dawne zwyczaje i obrzędy ludowe zmieniły swą treść i znaczenie. Tak było z symboliką światła i świecy.Po nadaniu mu chrześcijańskich interpretacji płonąca świeca symbolizuje światłość wiekuistą, jaką dla każdego wierzącego człowieka stanowi Chrystus. W życiu mieszkańców wsi gromnica posiadała wielkie znaczenie i była wykorzystywana do różnych praktyk. Wręczano ją do ręki umierającemu, aby Maryja bezpiecznie i w świetle Chrystusa przeprowadziła go na „tamten świat”. Po przyjściu z kościoła znaczono kopcącym się płomieniem z gromnicy znak krzyża na futrynach okien i drzwi wejściowych do domu, aby Bóg strzegł domostwa i chronił przed złymi mocami. Zapalano ją i stawiano w oknie lub na stole podczas burzy, aby uchronić dom i gospodarstwo przed uderzeniem pioruna i „odwrócić” burzę. Nie były to czynności magiczne, jak zachowanie to kwalifikują niektórzy etnologowie, gdyż w tym czasie przez wstawiennictwo Maryi zanoszono modlitwę do Boga (odmawiano modlitwę „Pod Twoją obronę”, modlono się na różańcu). Gromnicę wykorzystywano też do przepowiadania praktyk medycznych, meteorologicznych (patrząc jak się pali podczas nabożeństwa czy w drodze do domu). Według wierzeń ludowych posiadała swą moc, gdyż została w kościele poświęcona przez kapłana. Do czasów współczesnych niewiele pozostało z dawnych ludowych zwyczajów związanych z gromnicą. W niektórych tylko rodzinach daje się ją umierającemu, czy kreśli znak krzyża na futrynach okien i drzwi. Jedynie jej wygląd i płonący płomień przypomina wierzącemu sakrament chrztu świętego oraz Chrystusa – Światłość wiekuistą.
    The Feast of Our Lady of Candles is the later name for the Feast of Presentation of the Lord, founded in the fourth century. Initially, the celebration had a Christological accent, but with time it acquired features of Marian feast (now in the liturgy the original name is in force). In Polish folk religiosity the name Our Lady of the Thunder Candle has functioned, as people came to church to have their candles called “gromnica” (the Thunder Candle) blessed. Under the influence of the Church's teaching, ancient folk customs and rituals have changed their content and meaning. So it was with the symbolism of light and candle. After giving it a Christian interpretation burning candle symbolizes the eternal light, which is Christ for every Christian. In the life of the villagers gromnica had great significance and was used for various practices. It was handed to a dying person to be safely accompanied by Mary to the “other world” and in the light of Christ. After coming back from church, sign of the cross was marked with a smoky flame of gromnica at the frames of windows and the front door of the house to ensure God's protection from evil spirits. Gromnica was lit and placed in a window or on a table during storm to protect the house and farm from thunder-light and “avert” storm. This was not a magical act, as some ethnologists asserted, but a form of folk piety through the intercession of Mary (People prayed Rosary and “Beneath Thy Protection”).Gromnica was also used for medical and meteorological practices; by observing the flame during the church service or on the way home people were making predications. According to the folk beliefs, candle had its power, because it was blessed in the church by the priest. Nowadays very little is left of the ancient folk customs associated with the Thunder Candle. Only in some families the custom of handing gromnica to the dying person or marking sign of the cross on the frames of the door and windows is still practiced. However, the candle as such and its burning flame reminds the faithful about Baptism and Christ – the eternal Light.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Teologiczne; 2015, 62, 9; 191-210
    2353-7272
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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