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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 359
Tytuł:
Stomatal density in Quercus petraea and Q. robur natural populations in Northern Turkey
Autorzy:
Yücedağ, C.
Sanders, J.
Musah, M.
Gailing, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077759.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
stomatal density
genetic differentiation
phenotypic differentiation
Opis:
This study examined variation of stomatal density in two populations of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and two populations of Q. robur L. from northwestern Turkey. Stomatal density was determined in fully expanded and dried leaf samples that were collected from trees under natural conditions. Stomatal densities of Q. petraea and Q. robur varied from 186 to 459 per mm2 (mean value: 333 stomata per mm2) and from 397 to 826 per mm2 (mean value: 517 stomata per mm2), respectively. Significant differences in stomatal density were found between these two oak species in Turkey as well as between populations within species. Strong and significant negative correlations were observed between stomatal density and leaf length within each species and across the species. While in Central Europe Q. petraea occurs in drier environments than Q. robur, in the present study Q. robur populations grow in more arid environments and have smaller leaves and a higher stomatal density than Q. petraea. Stomatal density had negative correla- tions with each of the other leaf characters apart from sinus width. In addition, the interspecific PST value (0.48) for stomatal density was relatively high compared to the mean genetic differentiation calculated at eight microsatellite loci (FST = 0.030), suggesting different local adaptations of populations. Further studies that include additional populations will be necessary to associate genetic variation at candidate genes with phenotypic and environmental variation.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2019, 81
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Дифференциално-лектальная экспрессивность
Autorzy:
Тошоиич, Бpahko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1925891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
expression
stylistns
effect
differentiation
lect
Opis:
Аuthor discerns two main types within the field of cognitive differentiation of language - extroverted and introverted type. In аll types of introverted differentiation of language there аге different types of expressivity, which the аuthor refers to as differentiating-lectal expressivity. This рарег shortly presents his basic aspects and types. Expressivity, in general, is divided into intern and extern.
Źródło:
Stylistyka; 2005, 14; 151-174
1230-2287
2545-1669
Pojawia się w:
Stylistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
When Does Simulation Enable Us Adequately to Attribute Mental States to Others?
Autorzy:
Smurzyńska, Adrianna
Bednarek, Stefan
Rabiej, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/1030894.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
mentalization
simulation
differentiation of perspectives
Opis:
The paper discusses issues of taking different perspectives and attributing mental states. The main focus is on the criteria of their adequate ascription. Taking another’s perspective and simulation theory are taken into consideration. The paper considers the results of research on the development of the ability to differentiate perspectives and disorders of this ability in borderline personality disorder. The ability to differentiate one’s own and others’ mental states has been presented as an aspect of social cognition that enables adequate mentalization, by accepting the presence of various perspectives and the possibility of the coexistence of various representations of reality.
Źródło:
Truth and Falsehood in Science and the Arts; 212-220
9788323542209
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Automatic Differentiation in the Optimization of Imaging Optical Systems
Autorzy:
Werner, Jürgen
Hillenbrand, Matthias
Hoffmann, Armin
Sinzinger, Stefan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
automatic differentiation
optimization
lens design
Opis:
Automatic differentiation is an often superior alternative to numerical differentiation that is yet unregarded for calculating derivatives in the optimization of imaging optical systems. We show that it is between 8% and 34% faster than numerical differentiation with central difference when optimizing various optical systems.
Źródło:
Schedae Informaticae; 2012, 21; 169-175
0860-0295
2083-8476
Pojawia się w:
Schedae Informaticae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Between shrinking and blooming: the crossroad of small towns’ urbanisation in Hungary
Autorzy:
Pirisi, Gábor
Trócsányi, András
Makkai, Bernadett
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
differentiation
Hungary
shrinking
small towns
Opis:
The authors present an overview about small towns’ urbanisation in Hungary. Following the specific aspects and factors of their urbanisation in the last centuries, the authors conclude that 20 years after the political and economic transition, small towns arrived at a crossroads in their development. Suffering the effects of demographic change and an outflow of young adults, almost every typical, traditional small town has been shrinking since at least the last decade. This crisis is more intensive than the overall decrease of the population number in Hungary. Only atypical small towns have been able to increase their population. Behind the crisis of typical small towns, the paper defines some possible factors, including the delayed effects of transition, the re-evaluation of small towns in the globalising, network-based economy and the actual reduction of the state’s spatial functions and presence. Although some niche-based strategies are open for success, for the majority of small towns the question still remains open: what new functions and attributes could make them attractive and successful in the 21st century?
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica; 2015, 8 Small Towns’ Development Problems; 12-28
2084-5456
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficient calculation of sensitivities for optimization problems
Autorzy:
Kowarz, Andreas
Walther, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
automatic differentiation
sensitivities
forward mode
Opis:
Sensitivity information is required by numerous applications such as, for example, optimization algorithms, parameter estimations or real time control. Sensitivities can be computed with working accuracy using the forward mode of automatic differentiation (AD).
ADOL-C is an AD-tool for programs written in C or C++. Originally, when applying ADOL-C, tapes for values, operations and locations are written during the function evaluation to generate an internal function representation. Subsequently, these tapes are evaluated to compute the derivatives, sparsity patterns etc., using the forward or reverse mode of AD. The generation of the tapes can be completely avoided by applying the recently implemented tapeless variant of the forward mode for scalar and vector calculations. The tapeless forward mode enables the joint computation of function and derivative values directly from main memory within one sweep. Compared to the original approach shorter runtimes are achieved due to the avoidance of tape handling and a more effective, joint optimization for function and derivative code.
Advantages and disadvantages of the tapeless forward mode provided by ADOL-C will be discussed. Furthermore, runtime comparisons for two implemented variants of the tapeless forward mode are presented. The results are based on two numerical examples that require the computation of sensitivity information.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2007, 27, 1; 119-134
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphological variability of leaves of Sorbus domestica L. in Croatia
Autorzy:
Poljak, I.
Kajba, D.
Ljubic, I.
Idzojtic, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
service tree
morphological variability
leaf
morphology
Sorbus domestica
population variability
geographic differentiation
ecological differentiation
Croatia
Opis:
The paper studies the morphological variability of the service tree populations in the continental and Mediterranean regions of Croatia. The inter- and intra-population variability, as well as eco-geographic population differentiation, was established on the basis of eight measured morphological characteristics of two types of leaflets (lateral and terminal) and two derived ratios, using descriptive and multivariate statistical methods. The conducted research established a high variability of morphological characteristics. In comparison with lateral leaflets, terminal leaflets showed a higher degree of variability for the majority of the studied variables. The differences between the trees within populations, as well as the differences between populations, were confirmed for all studied characteristics. The study also confirmed a trend of population variations according to the eco-geographic principle. Populations from climatically different and geographically distant habitats, in other words from the Mediterranean and the continental region, differed in the majority of studied characteristics. In addition to the established pattern of ecotypical variability between the continental and the Mediterranean regions, the clinal variability with regard to altitude and mean annual temperature was also confirmed. Small, although statistically significant clinal variability with regard to the longitude was recorded for two measured characteristics. The conducted study provided insights into the variability of the service tree populations in Croatia, which is a basis for further research that should be implemented in order to produce guidelines for the breeding and conservation of genetic resources of this rare and endangered noble hardwood species.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2015, 84, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic and Monetary Union as an Example of Differentiated Integration
Autorzy:
Piekutowska, Agnieszka
Kużelewska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/419619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
differentiation
integration
European Monetary Union
EMU
Opis:
Despite the over 60 years’ experience with European integration (since the Paris Treaty), it remains permeated with certain distinctions and dissimilarities with respect to particular Member States. The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is the best example of differentiated integration, since as early as its initial construction it contained signifi cant differences vis-à-vis Member States. The third stage of the EMU (in force since 1 January 1999), the introduction of the single European currency, did not encompass all 15 Member States, but only 11 of them. Greece joined it only in 2002, and the United Kingdom and Denmark had negotiated an opt-out provision in the Maastricht Treaty. This article explores differentiated integration in the EMU framework, and presents as well the consequences for the countries outside the ‘hard core’ of currency integration, i.e. those states which are the subjects of temporary derogations and which are obliged, by their Accession Treaties, to accept the European currency in the future.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies; 2015, 18; 165-192
1428-1503
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Polish European Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical and Relational Aggression. An Introduction to Gender Differentiation
Agresja fizyczna i relacyjna. Wprowadzenie do różnic pomiędzy płciami
Autorzy:
Andraszczyk, Wojciech
Gierczyk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
physical aggression
relational aggression
gender differentiation
Opis:
This article attempts a preliminary analysis of physical and relational aggression in the context of gender. The study of literature on the subject shows that the relations between gender and the above types of aggression are complex and fitperfectly the debate between proponents of biological determinism and social constructivism. It is difficultto derive a conclusion from both the results of empirical research on this problem and theoretical considerations, which are often ideology-dependent.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2017, 46; 225-234
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the relationship between fractal geometry of space and time in which a system of interacting cells exists and dynamics of gene expression.
Autorzy:
Waliszewski, Przemysław
Molski, Marcin
Konarski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
complexity
neoplasia
fractal
differentiation
fractal dimension
Opis:
We report that both space and time, in which a system of interacting cells exists, possess fractal structure. Each single cell of the system can restore the hierarchical organization and dynamic features of the entire tumor. There is a relationship between dynamics of gene expression and connectivity (i.e., interconnectedness which denotes the existence of complex, dynamic relationships in a population of cells leading to the emergence of global features in the system that would never appear in a single cell existing out of the system). Fractal structure emerges owing to non-bijectivity of dynamic cellular network of genes and their regulatory elements. It disappears during tumor progression. This latter state is characterized by damped dynamics of gene expression, loss of connectivity, loss of collectivity (i.e., capability of the interconnected cells to interact in a common mode), and metastatic phenotype. Fractal structure of both space and time is necessary for a cellular system to self-organize. Our findings indicate that results of molecular studies on gene expression should be interpreted in terms of space-time geometry of the cellular system. In particular, the dynamics of gene expression in cancer cells existing in a malignant tumor is not identical with the dynamics of gene expression in the same cells cultured in the monolayer system.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2001, 48, 1; 209-220
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cannabis consumers in Poland
Autorzy:
Matczak, Andrzej
Pawlicki, Przemysław Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
consumer characteristics
regional differentiation
cannabis
Polska
Opis:
The purpose of this study is an attempt to answer the following questions: (1) Is there a regional differentiation of cannabis consumers in Poland? (2) What is the scale of this differentiation? (3) What factors affect this differentiation? Our empirical study is based on the analysis of an anonymous online survey. The coefficient of variation, taxonomic measures of similarity, synthetic index and Spearman correlation coefficient are used in the analysis. It is observed that cannabis consumption in Poland is most popular among men, youth and young adults (Generation Y), as well as among those who are well-educated, relatively well-off and live in cities. The structure of selected demographic and socio-economic features of the respondents is poorly differentiated regionally. Regional differentiation in the structure of cannabis consumption frequency is at an average level. The spatial distribution of features characterizing the respondents is highly consistent with the spatial distribution of city dwellers aged 15–44, their sex and 5-year age ranges, the level of education, the size of cities and the level of gross domestic product.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2019, 9, 2; 32-43
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
О применении теории аргументации при дифференциации грамматических вариантов (на материале русского языка)
Revisiting the application of the argumentation theory in the process of differentiation of grammatical variants (as exemplified in the Russian language)
Autorzy:
Попов, Сергей
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968143.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
orthology
grammatical variance
differentiation
argumentation theory
Opis:
Differentiation of grammatical variants is an important orthological problem. However, traditionally it is solved without awareness of arguments, which are arbitrarily used as normalizers while identifying differential properties of grammatical variants. The paper shows the possibility and necessity of the orthological application of the argumentation theory. In the context of grammatical variants differentiation, the normalizers use every possible universal and non-universal arguments except those appealed to someone’s intuition and belief. Yet as the most convincing orthological argument should be recognized a combination of direct empiric verification and logical grounding, which, nevertheless, is not always ideal. The quality of this combination is provided by the quality of perception, which has three degrees: syncretic, superficial and alternative perception in its two varieties – imperative and dispositive. The first two degrees determine the relativity of logical grounding whereas the alternative-imperative and alternative-dispositive perception specifies its absoluteness. The direct empiric verification of contextual properties, distinguishing between grammatical variants and absolute logical grounding of the choice of a grammatical variant both based on the evidence of the alternative perception are an orthologically ideal argument.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica; 2014, 10; 125-135
1731-8025
2353-9623
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie różniczkowania numerycznego z jednoczesnym wygładzaniem w obliczeniach strumienia permeatu podczas mikrofiltracji
Application of the special numerical differentiation method with simultaneous smoothing for calculation of permeate flux in membrane separation processes
Autorzy:
Wołkowiak, J.
Zander, L.
Dajnowiec, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2070081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
mikrofiltracja
różniczkowanie numeryczne
microfiltration
numerical differentiation
Opis:
Przedstawiono sposób obliczania strumienia permeatu w badaniach kinetyki inikrofiltriicji z zastosowaniem metody Wiechowskiego do różniczkowania numerycznego z jednoczesnym wygładzaniem. Otrzymane wyniki porównano z rezultatami uzyskanymi z wykorzystaniem wzorów interpolacyjnych Lagrange'a oraz metody Savitzky'ego-Golay 'a.
Calculations of permeate flux during investigations of microfiltration kinetics by applying Wieckowski's method of numerical differentiation with simultaneous, smoothing is presented in the paper. The results obtained were compared with those calculated using the Lagrange interpolation formula and Savitzky-Golay method.
Źródło:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna; 2009, 1; 74-75
0368-0827
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sektorowe aspekty nierównomierności wytwórczych w państwach Unii Europejskiej
Sectoral aspects of disparities in production between European Union countries
Autorzy:
Cyrek, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/589325.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Branże
Konwergencja
Zróżnicowanie
Branches
Convergence
Differentiation
Opis:
W opracowaniu analizom poddaje się sektorowe aspekty dysproporcji w wytwarzaniu wartości dodanej brutto na mieszkańca występujących pomiędzy państwami Unii Europejskiej. Dokonuje się oceny znaczenia zróżnicowań międzysektorowych i wewnątrzsektorowych w układzie 10 agregatów branżowych. Tym samym określa się wagę w procesach rozwojowych tych dwóch przyczyn niespójności gospodarczej. Podejmuje się także próbę identyfikacji branży cechujących się największymi dysproporcjami wytwórczymi między państwami członkowskimi, jak i tych, w ramach których nierówności pozostają najmniejsze. Analizy przyjmują charakter dynamiczny, tym samym zwracając uwagę na tendencje w kształtowaniu się dysparytetów wewnątrzunijnych w układzie sektorowym. Wyniki badań pozwalają powiązać procesy konwergencyjne w Unii Europejskiej po 2004 r. ze zmianami strukturalnymi poziomu branżowego i kierują uwagę na realne wyniki dążeń integracyjnych.
Sectoral aspects of disparities in gross value added per capita between European Union countries are analysed in the study. The assessment of significance of differences within sectors and between sectors, which are specified as 10 branches, is made. Thus the importance of these two reasons of economic disparities is specified. An attempt to identify branches characterised by the highest and the lowest differences in production between EU members is taken as well. The analyses adopt a dynamic approach and focus attention on tendencies in disparities in EU in sectoral dimension. Results of research allow to relate convergence processes in EU since 2004 year to structural changes at a branch level and pay attention to real effects of integration aims.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2016, 276; 186-196
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Marital satisfaction, differentiation of self and stress perceived by women
Satysfakcja małżeńska, dyferencjacja Ja i stres odczuwany przez kobiety
Autorzy:
Kaleta, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
differentiation of self
marital satisfaction
stress
Opis:
Differentiation of self refers to the ability to modulate affect, maintain a clear sense of self, and balance intimacy and autonomy in significant relationships. The author tested whether differentiation mediated the relationship between marital satisfaction and stress perceived by women. The sample consisted of 220 married women. Marital satisfaction was found to be inversely correlated with perceived stress. Greater marital satisfaction also coincided with better differentiation of self (less emotional reactivity, greater I position, less emotional cutoff and fusion with others), while lower level of differentiation was significantly associated with higher feeling of stress. Differentiation of self also mediated the linkage between marital satisfaction and stress perceived by women. The results support searching hypothesis.
Źródło:
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne; 2014, XIX, 3; 305-319
1642-1043
Pojawia się w:
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 359

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