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Tytuł:
Disclosure of Evidence in Central and Eastern European Countries in Light of the Implementation of the Damages Directive
Autorzy:
Druviete, Inese
Jerņeva, Jūlija
Ulaganathan Ravindran, Aravamudhan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1395547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
implementation
Damages Directive
evidence
Opis:
The article looks primarily at the material comprised in the volume edited by A. Piszcz, Implementation of the EU Damages Directive in Central and Eastern European Countries published in 2017 and based on that compares aspects of the disclosure of evidence issue in Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. The purpose of this article is to look into how the process for the disclosure of evidence has evolved in eleven countries of the European Union in light of Directive 2014/104/EU. The article looks at six key issues with regard to disclosure of evidence in light of Directive 2014/104/EU: general procedural issues; procedure for the submission of evidence; criteria for the disclosure of evidence; restrictions on the disclosure of evidence; disclosure of evidence by parties other than the defendant; and consequences of the failure to comply with a request to submit evidence. The article relies on primary data from eleven EU countries from Central and Eastern Europe.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 197-222
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Scope of the Implementation of the Damages Directive in CEE States
Autorzy:
Petr, Michal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
competition law
Damages Directive
private antitrust enforcement
undertaking
Opis:
The Damages Directive has a rather limited scope, focusing only on damages claims stemming from anticompetitive agreements or abuse of a dominant position, provided such conduct was able to affect trade between EU Member States. However, Member States are not limited by this scope and so they may decide, when implementing the Directive, to enhance not only claims for damages, but the overall private enforcement of competition law. In this article, we shall explore the scope of the implementing legislation of selected Central and Eastern European Countries, namely in Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 13-30
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consensual Dispute Resolution in the Damage Directive. Implementation in CEE Countries
Autorzy:
Modzelewska de Raad, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
arbitration
competition law arbitration
Damages Directive
Opis:
This paper discusses the use of consensual dispute resolution for the purpose of antitrust damage claims as introduced by the Directive. It presents these type of claims in a broader context of arbitration (or ADR), in comparison with traditional claim settling before a state court. Particular focus is on selected CEE countries and their implementation of the Directive, serving as an example of the transposition of the Directive’s rules (Article 18 and 19) into national systems in the area of consensual dispute resolution. Specific institutions intended to encourage consensual resolution included in the Directive (and transposed into national systems) are being commented on as well. Lastly, the paper briefs on the advantages of ADR in general, and concludes that even post-Directive, ADR remains attractive as a complimentary instrument to public enforcement and state judiciary enforcement.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 49-68
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Collecting Evidence Through Access to Competition Authorities’ Files – Interplay or Potential Conflicts Between Private and Public Enforcement Proceedings?
Autorzy:
Gulińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529935.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
competition
cartels
private enforcement
damages actions
leniency
Damages Directive
access to file
Opis:
Information asymmetry between claimants seeking damages for competition law violations and the alleged infringing undertaking(s) is a key problem in the development of private antitrust enforcement because it often prevents successful actions for damages. The Damages Directive is a step forward in the facilitation of access to evidence relevant for private action claims. Its focus lies on, inter alia, 3rd party access to files in proceedings conducted by national competition authorities (NCAs). The harmonization was triggered by the inconsistencies in European case-law and yet the uniform rules on access to documents held in NCAs’ files proposed in the Damages Directive seem to follow a very stringent approach in order to protect public competition law enforcement. The article summarizes the most relevant case-law and new provisions of the Damages Directive and presents practical issues with respect to its implementation from the Polish perspective.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 161-180
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Type of Liability in Private Enforcement in Selected CEE Countries Relating to the Implementation of the Damages Directive
Autorzy:
Wolski, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
type of liability
CEE states
implementation
Damages Directive
Opis:
The article is devoted to the type of liability in selected CEE countries, namely those covered by the national reports drafted for the 2nd International Conference on Harmonization of Private Antitrust Enforcement: Central and Eastern European Perspective. The paper starts with preliminary remarks concerning the role of the type of liability in private enforcement of competition law and the Damages Directive. In the following sections of the article, the author discusses the manner of adopting the aforementioned element as a result of the implementation process in CEE Member States. The article is mainly based on the content of the relevant national reports, with a few references to issues beyond their scope. In the summary, the author formulates brief conclusions with respect to the implementation manner of the type of liability as well as provides general remarks concerning the role of the type of liability in competition-based private enforcement cases.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 69-84
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Principle of Liability in Private Antitrust Enforcement in Selected European States In Light of the Implementation of the Damages Directive into the Polish Legal System
Autorzy:
Wolski, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530296.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
litigations
principle of liability
burden of proof
presumptions
implementation
Damages Directive
effectiveness
Opis:
In the vast majority of European countries, private antitrust enforcement falls under general rules of civil law. One of the issues to be discussed in relation to this type of litigation is the principle of liability, which exists in the given legal system, and its presumed impact on private enforcement. This problem has been debated in the course of the implementation works on the Damages Directive into the Polish legal system. A discussion on the principle of liability has taken place at least twice in this context. First, the issue was considered by the Civil Law Codification Commission and expressed in its Assumptions behind the Draft Act on complaints for damages caused by the breach of competition law. Subsequently, the principle of liability was assessed again at the reconciliation conference held at the Ministry of Justice. This is but a part of a broader discussion about the relationship between the rule of liability existing in national laws being applied to private enforcement cases and EU law as well as limitations arising from the latter. After outlining this interplay, the paper will briefly introduce solutions adopted with respect to the principle of liability in the context of private enforcement in selected European countries. The selection is not random, despite the fact that a limited number of countries has been analysed – eight including Poland. These include the most advanced EU Member States when it comes to private antitrust enforcement (such as the UK, Germany or the Netherlands), along with less developed examples (such as Italy or France), and even underdeveloped countries when it comes to the number and popularity of private antitrust litigations (such as Lithuania and Poland). This sort of analysis paints a relatively comprehensive picture of the adopted solutions in relation to the principles of liability governing private enforcement cases in Europe. The same is true for the issue of the burden of proof and presumptions/binding power in civil proceedings of decisions issued by competition authorities. Furthermore, what seemed to be crucial for the drafters of the Damages Directive, this sort of analysis makes it possible to formulate certain conclusions with respect to the relationship between the effectiveness of private enforcement in a given State and the adopted principle of liability. The final conclusions understandably focus on the Polish example, that is, the implementation of the Damages Directive into the Polish legal system.
Dans la grande majorité des pays européens l'application privée du droit de la concurrence relève des règles générales du droit civil. Un de problème qui exige l’analyse dans ce type de litige est le principe de la responsabilité qui existe dans le système juridique particulier, ainsi que son effet sur l'exécution privée du droit de la concurrence. Ce problème était discuté pendant les travaux concernant la transposition de la directive relative aux certaines règles régissant les actions en dommages (« Damages Directive ») dans le système juridique polonais. La discussion sur le principe de la responsabilité a eu lieu au moins deux fois dans ce contexte. Tout d’abord, la question a été examinée par la Commission de codification du droit civil et exprimée dans ses hypothèses concernant le projet de loi sur les actions en dommages pour les infractions aux dispositions du droit de la concurrence. Ensuite, le principe de la responsabilité a été évalué de nouveau lors de la conférence de réconciliation qui a eu lieu au Ministère de la Justice. C’est juste une partie de discussion plus large concernant la relation entre le principe de la responsabilité existant dans les législations nationales appliquées dans des affaires d’application privée du droit de la concurrence et le droit de l'Union européenne, ainsi que les limitations qui en découlent. Après la présentation cette interaction, le document parlera brièvement des solutions adoptées dans certains pays européens afin de répondre au problème du principe de la responsabilité dans le contexte de l'application privée du droit de la concurrence. La sélection n'est pas aléatoire, malgré le fait qu'un nombre limité de pays a été analysé – huit pays dont la Pologne. Elle inclus les Etats Membres de l’Union européenne les plus avances en ce qui concerne l’application privée du droit de la concurrence (comme le Royaume-Uni, l'Allemagne ou les Pays-Bas), ainsi que des exemples de juridictions moins développés (comme l'Italie ou la France) et même des pays sous-développés en ce qui concerne le nombre et la popularité des actions en dommages dans le domaine du droit de la concurrence (comme la Lituanie et la Pologne). Ce type d'analyse donne une vision relativement complète des solutions concernant les principes de responsabilité dans le domaine d’application privée du droit de la concurrence adoptées en Europe. C’est la même chose en ce qui concerne la question de la charge de la preuve et des présomptions / le pouvoir contraignant des décisions rendues par les autorités de la concurrence dans les procédures civiles. En outre, ce qui semblait crucial pour les rédacteurs de « Damages Directive », ce type d'analyse permet de formuler certaines conclusions concernant la relation entre l’application privée du droit de la concurrence dans un État Membre particulier et le principe de responsabilité adopté dans cet État. Les conclusions finales se focalisent sur l'exemple polonais, c'est-à-dire sur la transposition de « Damages Directive » dans le système juridique polonais.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2016, 9(14); 69-96
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantification of Harm and the Damages Directive: Implementation in CEE Countries
Autorzy:
Mikelėnas, Valentina
Zaščiurinskaitė, Rasa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530079.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
quantification of harm
full compensation
effectiveness
presumption of harm
implementation
Damages Directive
CEE Member States
Opis:
Quantification of harm is regarded as one of the most significant obstacles for the full compensation of harm and development of private enforcement within the European Union, including CEE Member States. Consequently, the Damages Directive establishes general rules and requirements for the quantification of harm, such as a rebuttable presumption of harm in case of cartels, the power of national courts to estimate harm as well as others, which closely interact with the principle of full compensation emphasized by the case-law of the European Union and directly established in the Damages Directive. The main focus of this paper is the effectiveness of the rules on the quantification of harm in general, and how these rules will contribute to the development of private antitrust enforcement in CEE Member States. Therefore, one of the issues to be discussed in the paper is the analysis of how, and to what extent specific rules and requirements for the quantification of harm have been transposed into the national legislation of CEE Member States. As certain CEE national jurisdictions have had certain rules for the quantification of harm already before the implementation of the Damages Directive, the paper analyses how effective these rules have been, and how much they have contributed to the development of private antitrust enforcement of those CEE national jurisdictions. Previous experience of those CEE Member States in applying specific rules for the quantification of harm is important, in order to assess the possible impact of the newly introduced rules on the quantification of harm and on private antitrust enforcement in general in other CEE Member States. The rules for the quantification of harm will not enhance private antitrust enforcement on their own, however, their effective application by national courts together with other rules under the Damages Directive should contribute to a quicker development of private enforcement in CEE Members States.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 111-132
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Access to Documents in Antitrust Litigation – EU and Croatian Perspective
Autorzy:
Butorac Malnar, Vlatka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
EU Damages Directive
private enforcement
cartels
antitrust litigation
access to documents
access to file
evidence in antitrust litigation
Opis:
The paper analyses access to documents in cartel-based damages cases from the EU and Croatian perspective. It considers all relevant EU and Croatian legislation and case-law primarily focusing on the expected impact of the newly enacted Damages Directive. It is argued that the new rules on access to documents provided by the Directive will not necessarily have a significant impact on damages proceedings following cartel decisions issued by the Commission. This is due to the introduction of an absolute ban on the disclosure of leniency statements and settlement submissions via a ‘maximum harmonization’ rule. This conclusion is drawn from statistic figures showing that EU cartel enforcement rests solely on the leniency and settlement procedures. With that in mind, it is concluded that the Directive’s general, permissive rules on access to documents (other than leniency and settlement procedures) will not be applicable in most damages cases following the cartel infringement decision issued by the Commission. However, it is also observed that the Damages Directive’s new rules on access to documents may have the opposite impact on private enforcement in cases following infringement decisions issued by National Competition Authorities (NCAs) which do not rely as much on leniency in their fight against cartels as the Commission. The Directive’s general rule on access to documents will apply in jurisdictions such as Croatia, where all of its cartel decisions so far have been reached within the regular procedure. It is argued that the general access rule, coupled with other rules strengthening the position of claimants in antitrust damages proceedings, might actually be beneficial for both public and private enforcement in such jurisdictions.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 127-160
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Omówienie prac nad implementacją dyrektywy 2014/104/UE w Polsce, Hiszpanii i Wielkiej Brytanii
Discussion of the implementation process of Directive 2014/104/UE/EU in Poland, Spain and the UK
Autorzy:
Sadurski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
dyrektywa odszkodowawcza 2014/104/UE
dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych
naruszenie prawa konkurencji
implementacja
propozycje legislacyjne
damages directive 2014/104/UE
claims for damages
breach of competition rules
implementation
legislative proposals
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje wybrane zagadnienia związane z implementacją Dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2014/104/UE z 26 listopada 2014 r. w sprawie niektórych przepisów regulujących dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji państw członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej, objęte przepisami prawa krajowego. Autor podejmuje próbę zwięzłego opisu rozwiązań przyjętych przez ustawodawców Polski, Hiszpanii oraz Wielkiej Brytanii w zakresie implementacji przepisów do krajowych porządków prawnych. Wskazuje na pewne propozycje legislacyjne, które mogłyby być wzięte pod uwagę przy pracach nad ostatecznym kształtem projektu ustawy polskiej.
This article deals with a number of chosen topics concerning the implementation process of Directive 2014/104/UE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union. The Author endeavors to compare legislative solutions and steps with regards to the implementation process of the Directive which are being currently undertaken in Poland, Spain and Great Britain. He notes certain legislative initiatives which may be taken into consideration during the preparation process on the final text of the Polish Draft Act implementing the Directive.
Źródło:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny; 2016, 5, 5; 122-134
2299-5749
Pojawia się w:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of National Decisions on Actions for Competition Damages in the CEE Countries
Autorzy:
Pärn-Lee, Evelin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
private antitrust enforcement
damages directive
effect of national decisions on actions for competition damages
litigations
binding effect of national decisions
irrefutability
prima facie evidence
presumptions
implementation
legal certainty
effectiveness
Opis:
One of the main objectives of the so-called Damages Directive (2014/104/EU) was to make antitrust enforcement more effective. Although in most EU countries private antitrust enforcement has been possible subject to general rules of civil law; the number of private antitrust litigations has remained relatively low. It is presumed that the complementary roles of public and private enforcement, as well as the synergy between them, will take effect if formal decisions taken during public enforcement will have binding effect with regard to follow-on private litigations. According to the Damages Directive, final national decisions on competition infringements shall have binding effect in follow-on litigations. What is to be understood under ‘binding effect’, and the potential effects thereof, has been subject to a lively debate among academics and practitioners. It has been questioned if decisions of an executive body can bind the judiciary, and if so, to what extent. What is the evidentiary value of a formal decision of a NCA regarding national courts, but also on the court of another Member State. The article deals with the main issues and arguments presented in the general debate on the binding effect of national competition law decisions, and provides a closer look on this topic with regard to specific CEE countries.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 177-198
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dyrektywa 2014/104/UE a kształtowanie prywatnoprawnego modelu dochodzenia roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji w państwach członkowskich i w Unii Europejskiej
Directive 2014/104/EU and The Development of the Private Law Model for Damage Claims for Infringements of the Competition Law Provisions of the Member States and of the European Union
Autorzy:
Pachuca-Smulska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
dyrektywa odszkodowawcza 2014/104/UE
dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych
naruszenie prawa konkurencji
prawo publiczne
prawo prywatne
actions for Damages – Competition
damages directive
directive 2014/104/EU
damage claim action
compensatory damages
infringement of competition law
private law
public law
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje regulacje prawne oraz orzecznictwo, które ukształtowały prywatnoprawny model dochodzenia roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji w państwach członkowskich i w Unii Europejskiej. Autorka podejmuje próbę opisu i oceny rozwiązań prawnych przyjętych przez Dyrektywę Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2014/104/UE z 26 listopada 2014 r. w sprawie niektórych przepisów regulujących dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji państw członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej, na tle problemów, które przyjęta dyrektywa powinna rozwiązać. Równocześnie wskazuje na pewne wady przyjętych rozwiązań.
The article examines legal regulations and court verdicts which have formed the private law model for making damage claims for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union. The author discusses and evaluates legal instruments of Directive 2014/104/EU on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union in the context of problems this Directive strives to resolve with regard to shortcomings of those instruments.
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2016, C; 135-149
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dyrektywa odszkodowawcza 2014/104/UE – przegląd niektórych rozwiązań
Damages Directive 2014/104/EU – a review of selected rules
Autorzy:
Piszcz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
dyrektywa odszkodowawcza 2014/104/UE
dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych
naruszenie prawa konkurencji
ujawnianie dowodów
skutek rozstrzygnięć krajowych
przedawnienie
odpowiedzialność solidarna
Damages Directive 2014/104/EU
actions for damages
infringements of the competition law provisions
disclosure of evidence
effect of national decisions
limitation
joint and several liability
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje wybrane postanowienia Dyrektywy Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2014/104/UE z 26 listopada 2014 r. w sprawie niektórych przepisów regulujących dochodzenie roszczeń odszkodowawczych z tytułu naruszenia prawa konkurencji państw członkowskich i Unii Europejskiej, objęte przepisami prawa krajowego. Autorka podejmuje próbę dokonania zwięzłego opisu przepisów dyrektywy odszkodowawczej dotyczących ujawniania dowodów, skutku rozstrzygnięć krajowych, terminów przedawnienia i odpowiedzialności solidarnej. Jednocześnie wskazuje na pewne wady przyjętych rozwiązań i trudności, jakie może napotkać polski ustawodawca w toku transpozycji dyrektywy do polskiego systemu prawnego.
The article presents selected provisions of Directive 2014/104/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 November 2014 on certain rules governing actions for damages under national law for infringements of the competition law provisions of the Member States and of the European Union. The paper provides an outline of provisions on the disclosure of evidence, effect of national decisions, limitation periods as well as joint and several liability. Indicated are also some of the drawbacks of the adopted solutions as well as difficulties which the national legislature may face when transposing the Directive into the Polish legal order.
Źródło:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny; 2015, 4, 4; 75-89
2299-5749
Pojawia się w:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Passing-on of Overcharges and the Implementation of the Damages Directive in CEE Countries
Autorzy:
Moisejevas, Raimundas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
antitrust damage
consumers
passing-on of overcharges
Lithuania
private enforcement of competition law
antitrust damage claims
Directive on antitrust damages actions
calculation of damages
Opis:
The article focuses on the concept of passing-on of overcharges and the peculiarities of its regulation by the Damages Directive. The Damages Directive obliges Member States to ensure that the defendant in an action for damages may invoke the passing-on defence. Moreover, the Directive establishes the new framework and the main principles that govern the application of the passing-on defence. The national case law on passing-on is very insignificant in Central and Eastern European countries and many questions are expected to be raised in the courts of the CEE Member States. While discussing the concept of passing-on in the Damages Directive, a lot of emphasis should be paid to the issue of causation. Causation will definitely be the subject of most of the questions in cases when an indirect purchaser will bring a claim for damages. Causation may be tricky when an indirect purchaser claims it suffered an ‘overcharge harm’ because of passing-on. In most cases, the issue of causation will be decided mainly by national courts based on national procedural rules. Depending on the situation, passing-on may be used as a basis for the claim (as a ‘sword’) or as a defence (as a ‘shield’). It could be used as a basis for the claim by an indirect purchaser, in case s/he has suffered any harm because of the illegal actions of a cartelist or a dominant company. At the same time, it could be used as a defence by the infringer against a claim for damages. The article also analyses the specifics of the implementation of the Directive into the national laws of CEE Member States.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2017, 10(15); 133-146
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Programy łagodzenia kar w polskim i amerykańskim prawie ochrony konkurencji a dostępność materiałów leniency dla osób dochodzących roszczeń odszkodowawczych w sprawach karteli i antykonkurencyjnych porozumień
Leniency programmes in Polish and US antitrust law and the access to leniency materials in private damages actions in cases of cartels and other restrictive agreements
Autorzy:
Hansberry-Bieguńska, Dorothy
Krasnodębska-Tomkiel, Małgorzata
Grzegorz, Materna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
polskie prawo ochrony konkurencji
amerykańskie prawo ochrony konkurencji
art. 1 ustawy Shermana
programy łagodzenia kar
prywatnoprawne dochodzenie roszczeń
unijna dyrektywa odszkodowawcza
dostęp do materiałów leniency
odpowiedzialność karna
Polish competition law
US competition law
Section 1 of the Sherman Act
leniency programmes
private actions for damages
EU damages directive
access to leniency materials
discovery in civil cases
criminal liability
Opis:
Tematem artykułu są kwestie związane z dostępem do dokumentów leniency w ramach dochodzenia roszczeń odszkodowawczych w sprawach porozumień ograniczających konkurencję w prawie polskim i amerykańskim. W zakresie prawa polskiego zostały przedstawione rozwiązania prawne zarówno obowiązujące, jak i projektowane w ramach implementacji unijnej dyrektywy odszkodowawczej (dyrektywa 2014/104/UE). Omawiane rozwiązania są przedmiotem analizy w aspekcie wpływu na skuteczność programów łagodzenia kar. Wynikające ze wspominanej dyrektywy przyszłe uregulowanie kwestii dostępu do materiałów leniency na potrzeby dochodzenia roszczeń odszkodowawczych może obniżać skłonność przedsiębiorców do składania wniosków leniency, a przez to skuteczność publicznoprawnego egzekwowanie reguł konkurencji. W związku z tym autorzy artykułu zgłaszają stosowne wnioski de lege ferenda. Jednocześnie, porównując w tym zakresie prawo polskie i USA, dochodzą do wniosku, że to w prawie amerykańskim relacje między prywatnoprawnym i publicznoprawnym egzekwowaniem naruszeń reguł konkurencji są ukształtowane tak, aby oba te narzędzia faktycznie ze sobą współdziałały, nie obniżając wzajemnie swojej skuteczności.
The article addresses issues concerning access to leniency materials by private damages action litigants in cases of restrictive agreements, and analyzes relevant legal provisions in Polish and US laws. With regard to the former, the article considers both its current rules as well as a draft act which will serve to implement the EU Damages Directive (Directive 2014/104/EU). The issue of disclosure of leniency materials to private damages action litigants is analyzed from the perspective of its impact on the effectiveness of leniency programmes. This article questions whether the upcoming legislation concerning access to leniency materials may lessen the readiness of undertakings to submit leniency applications. A consequence of a dampening of the interest in seeking leniency would be a decrease in the effectiveness of public enforcement of competition rules. The authors make therefore certain proposals de lege ferenda. At the same time, a comparison of relevant Polish and US provisions and practices leads the authors to the conclusion that it is the US and its judicial decisions that design the relationships between public and private competition enforcement so that each of these instruments interacts with each other without lowering the other’s effectiveness.
Źródło:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny; 2016, 5, 5; 20-57
2299-5749
Pojawia się w:
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Private Enforcement of Competition Law in Lithuania
Autorzy:
Moisejevas, Raimundas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
antitrust damage
antitrust damage claims
Directive on antitrust damages actions
evidence
follow-on action
Lithuania
nullity
private enforcement of competition law
public enforcement of competition law
Opis:
The article reviews the jurisprudence of Lithuanian courts on private enforcement of competition law and identifies the main obstacles for the development of this practice. The analysis of the jurisprudence makes it possible to summarise that: most rulings of the Lithuanian courts relate to cases on the abuse of dominance; usually, dominant undertakings were allegedly applying discriminatory conditions towards the injured party and; most of the claims were presented as follow-on actions after a decision of the Competition Council. The courts held that damages caused by a breach of competition law have to be recovered in accordance with Lithuania’s main principles of civil responsibility. At the same time, the courts made it clear that their jurisprudence is based on the rulings of European Courts and the main principles of EU competition law. The main obstacles for the successful development of antitrust damages claims in Lithuania are, inter alia: complexity of competition cases; difficulty in obtaining substantive evidence; proving a consequential relationship and; high legal costs. The article also analyses substantial and procedural provisions of Lithuanian legislation that regulate the submission of antitrust damage claims.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(11); 35-52
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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