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Tytuł:
The theoretical Basis for Criminological forecasting of Crime (with Russia Example)
Autorzy:
Laskowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
crime
crime forecasting
crime prevention
Russian Federation
Opis:
The paper discusses the problems of criminological forecasting of crime. The analyses have been based on issues concerning theoretical foundations and assumptions of this process in Russia. Since it is a country with considerable socio-demographic, religious and cultural diversity, it must analyse, assess and monitor these territorial differences in crime and skilfully anticipate the changes taking place there. Russia is the country that already has experience in predicting the development of crime. Current Russian criminological literature has been used in the deliberations. The publication presents various definitions of criminological crime forecasting. Attention was drawn not only to the need to anticipate changes in criminal trends but also to the evolution of crime causes. The sources of information necessary to forecast this phenomenon have also been indicated. It has been emphasized that this is, in particular, knowledge about socio-economic and political transformations taking place in the country. The several stages and complexity of the forecasting process, as well as its result in the form of a crime forecast, have also been underlined. By presenting a number of forecasting objectives, its usefulness for the protection of the security of the state and its citizens have been emphasized. The basics of conducting research analyses in the form of three scientific methods (extrapolation, modelling, and application of criminological expertise) have been discussed, as well. The classifications of forecasting and the periods applied in practice have been presented. The above issues have been discussed on the basis of theoretical assumptions adopted by Russian criminologists. Attention has been focused on the most important issues for preventing and combatting crime. The considerations have confirmed the need to anticipate the development of crime.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2018, 10(1); 95-105
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crime Prevention Programmes Implemented by the Police in the Area of Public Safety
Autorzy:
ŚWIERCZEWSKI, ŁUKASZ
KACPROWICZ, ŁUKASZ
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1798578.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-13
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
police
prevention
crime prevention programmes
trainings
security
community
Opis:
The aim of this article is to indicate basic and necessary police activities related to crime prevention programmes. Thanks to these programmes and close cooperation of the state and police authorities with the people, public trust can be built and, at the same time, the effectiveness in preventing various criminal acts can be increased. The article has been based on the data obtained from the National Police Headquarters and crime prevention activities that have been already implemented, or are still being implemented by the Metropolitan Police Headquarters.
Źródło:
Przegląd Policyjny; 2021, 142(2); 207-226
0867-5708
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Policyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wykorzystania wiedzy naukowej w powiatowych programach prewencyjnych województwa świętokrzyskiego. Evidence based crime prevention w praktyce
Assessment of using the scientific knowledge in district prevention programs Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Evidence based crime prevention in practice
Autorzy:
Wzorek, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-02-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
prewecja kryminalna oparta o dowody
prewencja kryminalna
polityka publiczna oparta o dowody
zapobieganie przestępczości
lokalna prewencja kryminalna
evidence-based crime prevention
crime prevention
evidence-based policy
community crime prevention
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, w jaki sposób wiedza naukowa wykorzystywana jest przy przygotowywaniu, wdrażaniu oraz ocenie realizacji powiatowych programów zapobiegania przestępczości oraz ochrony bezpieczeństwa obywateli i porządku publicznego. Analizy zostały osadzone w nurcie prewencji kryminalnej  opartej o dowody naukowe. Przeprowadzono jakościową analizę powiatowych polityk bezpieczeństwa powiatów województwa świętokrzyskiego, które zostały zrekonstruowane w oparciu o treść powiatowych programów zapobiegania przestępczości oraz corocznych sprawozdań komisji bezpieczeństwa. Na podstawie uzyskanych danych oraz przedstawionych standardów Beccaria przygotowano narzędzie służące do oceny stopnia wykorzystania wiedzy naukowej w ramach powiatowych polityk bezpieczeństwa. Z przeprowadzanych analiz wynika, że pomimo szerokich możliwości wykorzystania wiedzy naukowej do przygotowania, wdrożenia i oceny programów prewencyjnych, wiedza naukowa nie jest często stosowana.
The aim of this paper is to investigate how scientific evidence is used in the preparation, implementation, and final evaluation of local crime prevention strategies and the protection of citizens’ security and public order. The analysis is conducted using an evidence-based crime prevention approach. A qualitative analysis has been made of the local security strategies of the local self-government of the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship, which have been reconstructed from the content of poviat crime prevention strategies and annual reports of the security commission. Based on the conclusions presented in the Beccaria Standards, a tool has been prepared to assess the degree to which scientific knowledge was used in poviat security strategies. The analysis shows that although there are different possibilities for using scientific evidence to prepare, implement, and evaluate preventive strategies, scientific knowledge is not often used.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2020, XLII/2; 99-132
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crime Prevention System in the Slovak Republic. Introduction to the Issue
Autorzy:
Dworzecki, Jacek
Piwowarski, Juliusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
crime prevention
crime deterrence
the Slovak Republic
security culture
Opis:
This article presents a system of crime prevention functioning in the realities of the Slovak Republic. The text discusses, inter alia, the essence of preventive measures taken against the phenomena of social maladjustment occurring in Slovakia. All three levels of the system (national, regional, local) are presented and the “National Crime Prevention Strategy 2012-2015” is brought closer (in an outline) and analised as a way to keep and develop country’s security culture.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2015, 16(16); 102-126
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
"Kryminalne" aspekty przestępczości podatkowej
Criminal aspects of tax delinquency
Autorzy:
Wilk, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
przestępczość podatkowa
polityka kryminalna
tax delinquency
crime prevention
Opis:
There is a common opinion that fiscal offence has no criminal character but is merely an administrative offence and consists only of petty deeds of little social noxiousness. This opinion is not accurate with regard to basic types of tax crimes which very often are varieties of common frauds or forgery that may seriously endanger financial transactions of a country or local government. They are characterised by the fact that the tax procedures and legal structures are faked or falsely initiated and employed to commit or de facto to camouflage offences of criminal character. One example could be tax fraud involving simulation of a series of transactions which have no real economic of commercial significance and serve to fake alleged tax obligations and to initiate the procedure of VAT and ultimately to obtain from the Treasury substantial amounts of unjust VAT refunds under false pretences. These are in fact ordinary criminal offenses committed with the use of tax refund procedures. Possibility of moving VAT free goods between countries of the European Union with the lack of adequate monitoring mechanisms in the Member States resulted in a dangerous increase in the number of organized frauds, which are simply regarded as a mechanism “embedded” in the EU VAT system. They are referred to as tax carousels or carousel frauds. Tax law, its mechanisms, and its procedures are sometimes used not only for this type of criminal extortion of property from the tax authorities but also as for a so-called money laundering and legalization of illegal incomes. Generally, tax offences shows more and more close links with strictly criminal offences, it is becoming more and more organised, professionalism of the perpetrators is increasing, and even a growth in brutalization of such crimes can observed. This should change a traditional approach to tax crime.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 209-221
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawne możliwości walki ze zjawiskiem stalkingu - czy w prawie polskim konieczna jest penalizacja prześladowania?
Fight against stalking-legal options. Is there a necessity of stalking penalization in Polish law?
Autorzy:
Woźniakowska-Fajst, Dagmara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
stalking
przemoc wobec kobiet
polityka kryminalna
criminalization
crime prevention
Opis:
The article concerns the phenomenon of stalking, or emotional persecution. It also presents legal solutions concerning stalking in the countries where this type of behavior is penalized, and includes a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of criminalization of stalking in Poland. In contrast with the admiration, stalking is a behavior which a victim does not wish. Stalking is an English verb denoting a quiet human or animal tracking in order to capture or kill. In accordance to the definition of an American psychologist J. Reid Meloy, stalking is a form of malicious and repeated harassing and annoying of another person which increases his or her feeling of threat. Stalking, just like domestic violence, and mobbing are classified as so-called "emotional violence", by which we understand “interference in the psyche of another person directed against his or her emotions, resulting both immediate and delayed negative effects”. Emotional violence is never a single event. Stalking most often exhibits in such behaviors as: calls, silent calls, night calls, wandering in the vicinity of victim's home, making contact through a third party, questioning about the victim in his or her surroundings, persisting at the door / home / work, sending letters, e-mails, text messages, and gifts, placing postal orders in victim's name, tracking and following the victim, slander (distributing false information and rumors), burglary to victims house or car, stealing victim's belongings, harassing victim's family and friends, as well as attacking and assaulting them. The main problem with providing an adequate legal protection to a victim of a stalker lies in the fact that some of these behaviors are criminal, and some are not prohibited by law, nevertheless if repeated, they carry severe consequences for the victim which cannot be counteracted by means of criminal law. The tragedy of stalking victims lies in the fact that a persecutor may intimidate his victims and force them to change habits and plans, to live in constant fear. Stalker often causes huge mental suffering through actions which, under Polish law, are legally indifferent. What is also important is that actions of a stalker do not have to result from his or her wrongful intentions or desire to annoy the victim (in many law systems malicious intention of the stalker is a sine qua non for criminalization of stalking). Sometimes the persecutor acts with good intentions (the desire to win the love of a loved one), nevertheless behavior of the stalker is frightening for the victim. Results of a study taken to estimate the scale of stalking differ between countries where such studies have been conducted. This discrepancy is probably influenced by the definition assumed by researchers, research methodology, sample size and selection, but also by the different temperament of the inhabitants of these countries.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 173-208
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola prawa karnego w ograniczaniu patologii jako poważnego zagrożenia dla społeczeństwa XXI wieku
Role of criminal law in limiting pathologies as a serious threat to 21st century societies
Autorzy:
Laskowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698488.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
patologia społeczna
zapobieganie przestępczości
społeczne uwarunkowania przestępczości
crime prevention
Opis:
The work discusses the phenomenon of social pathologies. The aim of the work is to show the threats it causes to the modern society which cause the need to limit the phenomenon with all measures available, including criminal prosecution. Discussion is presented from point of view of criminology and criminal law. The author emphasises that the problem of pathology in modern society is very important. One cannot deny that the notion of pathology is often used, even over-used. An analysis of pathology definition provided by the experts in this topic (A. Podgórecki, J. Wódz, A. Gaberle i J. Malec) leads to a conclusion that there is no common definition of the phenomenon. A review of opinions by doctrine representatives allowed to present a catalogue of the most common features of social pathology. These are: behaviours of individuals and groups, incompatibility of human behaviours with the system of norms in a given community, destructiveness and harmfulness of behaviours disturbing the functioning of a given community, dynamics of the phenomenon. Diversity of the listed features causes a question if all these elements are objective criteria to judge pathological phenomena. The presented discussion leads to a conclusion that listing such features is very difficult. It is related to fact that norms, opinions and values in societies change with time and that their judgements is characterised by subjectivism. Hence, because there occur objective and subjective criteria for judging the phenomenon of social pathologies, it is difficult to coin a common definition. As a result, the Author proposes to define pathology as “detrimental (both for the society and particular individuals) human behaviours which infringe a established system of social norms”. The study emphasises that pathologies are related to processes of undergoing social and economical changes hence the scope of phenomena defined as social pathologies has been changing over the years. Changes in the political, social and economic system were accompanied by changes in quantitative and qualitative changes in the characteristics of social pathology. At present, on can observe an increase in the number and the diversity of pathological behaviours. Apart from alcoholism, prostitution, suicide, illicit drug addiction, there appeared also other ones: addictions from prescribed drugs, television, computer, sex, gambling, eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia), activity of sects and subcultures, homelessness, begging, new forms of crime (e.g. organised crime). It should be noted that with years some behaviours defined as pathological lost this feature (e.g. mental illness) and some ceased to exist (parasitism, negative attitude to work). The causes of new pathologies’ emergence and development are rooted in the transformation which influenced almost all spheres of life: family, school, social and personal life of an individual.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 147-158
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Skupiska przestępstw mieszkaniowych w Szczecinie
Hot spots of residential crime in Szczecin
Autorzy:
Sypion-Dutkowska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-08-23
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Hot Spot
residential crime
crime prevention
hot spots
przestępstwa mieszkaniowe
zapobieganie przestępczości
Opis:
W niniejszym artykule dokonano wstępnej analizy skupisk przestępczości mieszkaniowej w Szczecinie w 2006 r., wyznaczając przestrzenne (wg osiedli) oraz czasowe (miesięczne i dobowe) hot spots (skupiska) przestępstw mieszkaniowych. Artykuł zawiera również rekomendacje CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) dotyczące zmniejszenia poziomu przestępczości oraz lęku przed zagrożeniem przestępczością.
The paper encloses the preliminary results of geographical analysis of crime in Szczecin. Using the GIS tools the spatial (according to 37 urban districts) and temporal (according to months and days) Hot Spots of residential crime in the year 2006, as well as 50% crime concentration area, were identified and presented on the maps and figures. Conclusively, based on the ideas of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, the recommendations for urban spatial and safety policy are formulated, aiming the crime prevention and reducing the crime fear.
Źródło:
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna; 2012, 20; 137-148
2353-1428
Pojawia się w:
Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przestrzenny obraz przestępczości w Warszawie
Autorzy:
Dziugieł, Milena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1788433.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-07-19
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
przestępczość
przestrzeń
miasto
Warszawa
zapobieganie przestępczości
crime
space
city
Warsaw
crime prevention
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł porusza problem przestępczości w przestrzeni miejskiej, jej przyczyny, czynniki wpływające na jej wzrost lub spadek, skutki oraz działania, które mogą być wdrażane, by jej zapobiegać. Rozważania zostały oparte na przykładzie Warszawy jako miejsca popełniania przestępstw, skali przestępczości oraz miejsc na jej terenie o najwyższym natężeniu zachowań niezgodnych z przyjętymi normami. Wyróżniono cztery dzielnice charakteryzujące się jednymi znajwyższych liczb popełnianych na ich terenach przestępstw i opisano ich specyfikę.
The aim of this article was to consider problem of crime in the city, why it is much higher than in the areas less populated, what have influence to it’s growths and falls, what are the effects of crime and actions that can be implemented to prevent it. In this Thesis I describe crime on the example of Warsaw as a place of commiting various types of crime, scale of crime and also places within it with the highest intensity of behaviours incompatible with accepted standards. I describe four quarters with some of the highest numbers of commited crimes on their areas and their characteristics.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Kryminologiczny; 2017, 24; 151-174
2084-5375
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Kryminologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sytuacyjne zapobieganie przestępczości
Situational Crime Prevention
Autorzy:
Kossowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699050.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
zapobieganie przestępczości
przestępczość
kryminologia
przestępca
crime prevention
delinquency
criminology
offender
Opis:
Disappointment in crime prevention based on the etiological approach led to a closer analysis of the circumstances of the offence, its physical conditions, and the resulting motivations of the offender. Whatever his inborn or socially acquired criminal predispositions, object and opportunity are necessary for an offence to take place. Advocates of the situational approach in criminology argue that a potential offender generally does not act on an impulse: instead, he more or less consciously analyses the situation and decides to commit the offence at a given time and place and against a given target. This is the basic assumption of situational crime prevention.             Situational crime prevention resolves itself into reduction or liquidation of the physical opportunity to commit an offence, and extension of the probability of apprehension of the offender. This can be done in three different ways.             First, the guard over the target can be extended or intensified, or the potential offender can be made to believe that, while dwelling in a given place, he is under incessant surveillance by the police or other competent persons, or by the inhabitants or users of a given object or area.             Second, the target can be made less open to crime: special circumstances make it less easily accessible (or completely inaccessible), and theft can no longer yield the expected profit to the offender. This procedure is called target hardening.             Third, various organizational steps can be taken that change the environment of crime: new ciercumstances arise and situation in which an offence might take place is changed.             The above three methods of situational crime prevention have different efficiency. Their actual efficiency depends on a variety of factors related to the methodology of the crime prevention program and to cultural conditions. As regards programs basied on increased surveillance, the most efficient are those which involve the local population who are allowed both passively to watch over their area of residence, and actively to participate in its protection.             What is considered a particulary effective method of situational crime prevention is target hardening where access to the target is made difficult through a variety of physical obstacles. Not as obvious is the efficiency of another target hardening measure where valuable objects are marked so as to make it difficult for the offender to gain by his theft and to increase the probability of his apprehension. Such measures, called operation identification, prove highly efficient in some countries but are next to ineffective in others. Thee ffects here depend largely on the efficiency of the police. Whith a low detection rate of thefts, the marking of objects cannot possibly yield the expected results.             It has been  found in studies of offenders’ processes of deciding that their decision to commit an offencis based on the factors that condition, first, the physical opportunity (access to the object) nad second, the offender’s safety. The idea of situational crime prevention has many followers who stress the relative easiness of the application of the suggested methods and their efficiency. The opponents argue that,while it many perhaps contribute to preventing definite offences at a definite time and place, situational crime prevention does not actually prevent crime. What it leads to is displacement of crime. The offence is committed anyway but perhaps in another time or place, by other means, or against another target. Despite all the reservations concerning displacement of crime, it msot be stated that situational crime prevention often proves effective; what is more, it requires neither prolonged programs nor entangled methods of manipulating society. Admittedly the offender is not reformed; yet a definite offence is not committed in a definite place, and the target remains safe. This makes situational prevention as important an element of crime prevention programs as the generally recognized social methods.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1994, XX; 7-20
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Designing Defensible Spaces in Large Cities. Outlooks for Polish Urban Areas
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Defensible Space,
Oscar Newman,
Public Security,
Crime Prevention,
Urban Design
Opis:
Disappointment with low effectiveness of resocialization and the crime rates in American cities led to formulation of alternative theories concerningcrime prevention. One of these theories – the Defensible Space concept created by Oscar Newman, was based on the assumption that urban design can create suitable conditions for increase in crime or, on the contrary – prevent illegal acts from happening. The goal of this article is to analyse the concept of Defensible Space and the main factors conditioning its creation, as well as the possibility of implementing Newman’s postulates in Polish urban environment.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2017, 3; 215-229
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza systemu zapobiegania i zwalczania przestępczości granicznej
Review of the Border Crime Prevention and Combating System
Autorzy:
Perkowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698652.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
zapobieganie przestępczości granicznej
zwalczanie przestępczości granicznej
przestępczość graniczna
kryminologia
border crime prevention
border crime
prevention
Opis:
The paper aims to review the legal solutions, mainly within the statutory powers of the Border Guard (BG) services, meant to ensure an efficient system of combating and preventing border crime. Statutory powers and prerogatives vested in the Border Guard service are deemed sufficient in terms of implementing its statutory objectives. It is important that in dealing with illegal immigration BG officers have the right to carry out operational reconnaissance and a range of monitoring tasks. BG officers also regard their scope of statutory prerogatives as sufficient, which was corroborated by their opinions voiced during the interviews. The interviewees, officers on duty on both the Polish internal section of the EU border and the external EU border section, carrying out the actual checks at the border checkpoints, as well as serving in the operational and investigative division indicated that their present powers and prerogatives are sufficient and allow them to conduct the preliminary investigative proceedings effectively, as well as collect pertinent material evidence as needed. The author advocates establishing a special border checks regime at the Polish- -Lithuanian border, pursuant to the concept of EU border protection, as implied by the provisions of Article 67, Section 3, of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, envisaging that the European Union shall endeavour to ensure a high level of security through appropriate crime-prevention measures, since Lithuania’s external borders appear to be insufficiently secured. In line with the concept of a bolishing internal border checks, most of the financial resources, including those originating in the aid funds designed to facilitate border security and prevent illegal migration, are allocated to the external borders. As far as the border section with Lithuania is concerned, more direct financial support should be allocated down there, with a view to facilitating the use of the latest technologies in the area of law enforcement and combating border crime beyond the border crossing itself. Besides, the appraisal of the situation on this section of the border, due to its particular status, leads to the conclusion that it would be prudent to collect statistical data on border crime along the Polish section of the EU inner border, whilst operationally dividing its length into the sections bordering with the respective EU countries. This would effectively reveal the scale and the actual dynamics of border crime along these sections, as well as facilitate preventing it more effectively. In view of the extensive use being routinely made of numerous documents like an invitation to trade cooperation, an invitation to a cultural event, etc. in order to obtain the Schengen visas, whereas in fact the true the purpose of entering the country is purely commercial, or for outright smuggling purposes, it might be prudent to consider issuing the singleentry visas. Since the ostensible purpose of a foreign national’s entry into the Schengen area, in conformity with his/her own declaration, is to attend a single cultural event or a single meeting, it is totally unjustified to grant him the permit to cross the border and stay abroad for 90 days within a half-year period. This would effectively allow to at least partially eliminate obtaining visas for other purposes than the declared ones. The introduction of the VIS system for the citizens of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine might well be deemed a success. The system will facilitate eliminating the practice of having one’s personal data altered and applying for brand new documents and brand new visas for persons already covered by a temporary ban on entry into Poland, as provided by Article 318 of the Foreign Nationals Act. In the author’s view, Poland should not yield under the barrage of complaints expressed by the visitors and continue to collect fingerprints upon the issuance of visas, and when crossing the state border. This facilitates the detection of offenders making use of the ‘look-alike’ method when passing through a border checkpoint and producing another person’s ID. The VIS system makes an essential contribution to combating illegal migration effectively.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2016, XXXVIII; 93-111
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Europeizacja prewencji kryminalnej
Europeanisation of Crime Prevention
Autorzy:
Czapska, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
prewencja kryminalna
Unia Europejska
europeizacja
zapobieganie przestępczości
polityka bezpieczeństwa
ochrona swobód
Europejska Sieć Zapobiegania Przestępczości
EUCPN
crime prevention
European Union
security policy
European Crime Prevention Network
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2008, XXIX-XXX; 459-472
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Międzywojenna polska debata kryminologiczna-poszukiwanie społecznych przyczyn przestępczości i sposobów jej zwalczania
Criminological debate in interwar Poland. Search for social causes of crime and measures of fight with crime
Autorzy:
Rodak, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
przestępczość w II Rzeczpospolitej
zapobieganie przestępczości
historia kryminologii
history of crime and delinquency
crime prevention
Opis:
This article is an attempt of a summary of the debate, pending in Poland in the interwar period, on the issues related to the etiology and methods of preventing and / or controlling crime. Analyzing these two highly interrelated and interdependent problems, the author decided to take into consideration the clear-cut division in criminology prevailing in the interwar period and to reflect it in the structure of the article. Thus, the text is divided into two parts. The first part discusses the causes of crime, the second the criminal policy. However, the text is not an analysis of all the causes of crime. The author focuses on discussion of the interwar views on the social causes of crime held by persons or institutions related, on various different levels, to criminology. Accordingly, the section on criminal policy includes response to crimes being, at least in theory, a result of social causes. The autor of the article faced the problem to attempt to collect and present ideas on social causes and method of preventing and / or combating crime published in the interwar period. The study covers articles and books, in which the above-mentioned problems have been discussed both by scientists (criminologists, lawyers, doctors, psychologists, and sociologists) and laymen (journalists, publicists, community workers, and politicians). In this text, the attempts to analyze the opinions expressed by the latter of the aforementioned groups is a significantly new thing. The views of people not directly related to the academic community at that time were rarely taken into the consideration while discussing criminological theoretical considerations of the interwar period. The point of departure of this text is assumption of the thesis that in the interwar debate on the broad issue of crime, the views which favoured social factors in generating crime were significantly dominant. It should be recalled that on the other side of the dispute there remained a theory of special importance of so-called endogenous factors. It was argued that the specific psycho - physical construction of a man makes him predisposed to become a criminal. This was an aftermath of a C. Lombroso’s theory, already modified in the interwar period. It should be noted that his theory in Poland was not received unquestioningly. However, the dispute between supporters of exogenous and endogenous factors took place in interwar Poland. A strong trend was a school trying to combine the two trends, taking into account the reasons of both parties as typically they did not exclude. This should be regarded as a unique achievement of the Polish criminology of the interwar period.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2009, XXXI; 101-145
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Efficient Is Severe Punishment, Or: More Punishment, Less Crime?
Autorzy:
Kury, Helmut
Brandenstein, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
surowa kara
przestępstwa
zwalczanie przestępczości
zapobieganie przestępczości
severe punishment
offences
fighting against crime
crime prevention
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2008, XXIX-XXX; 133-142
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 45

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