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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    The admissibility of restrictions on free movement of workers in the context of the decision of the European Commission of 11 August 2011, No. 2011/503
    Autorzy:
    Tim, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    European Commission decision no. 2011/503
    European integration
    Romania
    Spain
    free movement of workers
    restrictions
    transitional arrangements
    Opis:
    On July 22, 2011, Spain suspended the application of freedom of movement for workers within the European Union with regard to certain categories of Romanian workers in all sectors and regions, grounding its decision in the difficult economic situation, high level of unemployment and approaching season in the agricultural sector, therein Romanian citizens were undertaking an employment. European Commission in the decision of August 11, 2011, did not consider the decision of Spain as unjustified. As a result of the decision, the discriminatory treatment of the Romanian citizens was maintained till the end of 2013. The correctness of the decision was not deeply examined on the ground of both the Polish and international legal writing. The aim of the paper is to examine the correctness of the decision of the European Commission of 11 August 2011, No. 2011/503 and to cover the gap in the legal discourse provided both on the international and domestic level. In the paper Author presents the essence of the free movement of workers and describes exceptions to this rule, with particular emphasis on exceptions established directly in the treaties of accession, having regard the exception in which the decision of Spain was grounded. In such a context Author casts doubts on the correctness of the decision of European Commission, which did not consider the restrictions as being contrary to the European law and formulates a thesis on excessive and unjustified character of restrictions implemented by the Government of Spain. Adopted methodology consists in the analysis of the case law of the European Court of Justice, legal acts, reports of the European Commission, international and domestic literature, with particular reference to the international scientific journals.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2017, 77, 2; 195-210
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Solutions and Challenges for Online Meetings of Electoral Bodies
    Autorzy:
    Kurunczi, Gábor
    Téglási, András
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2154966.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-09-15
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    election commission
    online meeting
    publicity
    online decision-making
    constitutional guarantees
    Opis:
    In our presentation, we review the procedure and method of meeting the electoral bodies of different (mainly European) countries – in particular the issue of ensuring the publicity and extent to which they can operate online. In addition, we examine in more detail the practice and procedural method of the Hungarian electoral bodies, in particular the National Election Commission. Based on the above, we also outline the possibilities for the further development of Hungarian practice. Our main findings: it is clear that although online meetings of election commissions are still used only in several countries, but the COVID-19 epidemic has highlighted the need to open up to the online space not only in the election process but also in the practice of individual election bodies. The regulations of the Hungarian National Election Commission define the rules of online meetings in great detail. This makes Hungary one of the few EU countries where it is possible to meet by videoconference. In our opinion, this direction will become decisive in the EU countries in the coming years. Moreover, we do not consider it inconceivable that the entire electoral process (including remote voting) should be digitised, as is the case in Estonia. However, this still requires many steps to be taken by individual countries to increase voter confidence in digitisation. For now, however, we have to be satisfied with one of the positive benefits of the COVID-19 epidemic: the ability to online meetings of election commissions.
    Źródło:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2022, 13, 3; 38-49
    2080-1084
    2450-7938
    Pojawia się w:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Postępowanie dyscyplinarne w Najwyższej Izbie Kontroli – orzeczenie o ukaraniu
    Disciplinary Proceedings in NIK – Decision on Punishment
    Autorzy:
    Padrak, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416783.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06
    Wydawca:
    Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
    Tematy:
    disciplinary proceedings
    decision on punishment
    diciplinary breach
    Appeal Disciplinary Commission
    Opis:
    The article attempts to discuss the contents that should be comprised in the most important decision issued by the NIK Disciplinary Commission, namely a decision on punishment. It provides for assigning the person accused in the disciplinary proceedings with a disciplinary breach, and a decision on punishment. Due to mistakes in the decision contents, the Appeal Disciplinary Commission, or the administrative court that hears the decisions of the Appeal Disciplinary Commission, may overrule the decision. Overruled decisions on punishment and consequent repeated hearing, negatively affect the image of NIK as a widely-recognised institution that performs its duties in a professional manner.
    Źródło:
    Kontrola Państwowa; 2016, 61, 3 (368); 22-36
    0452-5027
    Pojawia się w:
    Kontrola Państwowa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    2010 and 2011 EU Competition Law and Sector-specific Regulatory Jurisprudence and Case Law Developments with a Nexus to Poland
    Autorzy:
    Mościbroda, Anna
    Kuik, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530365.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-11-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    telecommunication
    pharmaceuticals
    antitrust
    cartel
    competition law
    Commission decision
    state aid
    merger control
    case law
    regulatory cases
    infringement
    preliminary ruling
    Electronic Communications Framework
    broadband
    alternative operators
    powers of NCA
    Regulation 1/2003
    modernisation
    procedural autonomy
    number portability
    conditional approval
    general prohibition of combined sales
    publication requirements
    Act of Accession
    internet tariffs
    Universal Service Directive
    Framework Directive
    retail broadband tariffs
    generic products
    marketing authorisations
    Opis:
    This third overview of EU competition and sector-specific regulatory jurisprudential and case law developments with a nexus to Poland covers the years 2010 and 2011. This period of time is worth noting for several reasons. First, EU courts delivered a significant number of judgments in ‘Polish’ cases including an increased number of preliminary rulings. Second, 2010-2011 developments were dominated by judgments and decisions concerning telecoms. Finally, the Commission adopted only a handful of Polish State aid decisions following a formal investigation procedure under Article 108(2) TFEU. The main developments in telecoms relate to the Court of Justice's preliminary reference judgment in Tele 2 Polska focusing on the interpretation of Regulation 1/2003 and the PTC v UKE ruling that dealt with number portability charges. Relevant is also the antitrust prohibition decision issued by the Commission against Telekomunikacja Polska S.A. for its refusal to grant access to its wholesale broadband services. In other fields, the Court of Justice delivered three State aid judgments (including two appeals against pre-2010 judgments of the General Court) and two judgments in infringement proceedings (regarding pre EU Accession marketing authorisations for medicines and the reutilisation of data from the public sector). The General Court ruled on appeal in the butadiene rubber cartel case (e.g. in Trade-Stomil v Commission). Finally, the Commission dealt with a merger case with a truly Polish specificity (Kraft Foods/ Cadbury), approved subject to divestiture of the E. Wedel brand.
    Ce troisième aperçu portant sur les développements de la réglementation relative au droit de la concurrence de l’UE et droit séctoriel, ainsi qu’à la jurisprudence ayant un lien imporatnt avec la Pologne, couvre les années 2010 et 2011. Cette période vaut l’intérêt pour plusieurs raisons. Premièrement, les tribunaux de l'UE ont délivré un nombre important d'arrêts dans les cas « polonais » dont un nombre croissant de questions préjudicielles. Deuxièmement, les développements en 2010-2011 ont été dominés par les jugements et décisions concernant les télécommunications (télécoms). Enfin, la Commission n’a adopté qu’un petit nombre de décisions sur les aides de l’État polonais à la suite d'une procédure formelle d'examen conformément à l'article 108 (2) du TFUE. Les développements principaux dans les télécoms se rapportent au renvoi préjudiciel de la Cour de justice dans le cas Tele 2 Polska portant sur l'interprétation du règlement 1/2003 et celui relatif au cas UKE v PTC sur les frais de portabilité des numéros. La décision concernant une infraction en application adoptée par la Commission contre Telekomunikacja Polska SA pour son refus d'accorder l'accès à ses services de gros de la large bande est également pertinente. Dans les autres domaines, la CJCE a rendu trois arrêts sur les aides d'État (deux recours contre les arrêts rendus par le Tribunal de première instance avant 2010) et deux arrêts dans une procédure d'infraction (en ce qui concerne les autorisations de marketing pour la médecine préalables à l'adhésion à l’UE et la réutilisation des données du secteur public). Le Tribunal de première instance a statué sur le recours dans le cas de cartel caoutchouc butadiène (par exemple le cas Trade-Stomil v Commission). Enfin, la Commission a traité un cas de fusion avec une spécificité typiquement polonaise (Kraft Foods / Cadbury), approuvé assujetti à la cession de la marque E. Wedel.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2012, 5(7); 157-190
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    European Courts as Value-Harmonizing “Motors of Integration”
    Autorzy:
    Bejček, Josef
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530367.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    European courts
    European integration
    quasi-normative character of judicial decisions
    judicialization of legal doctrine
    value-based decision making
    divergence between European courts and European Commission
    uni-sex insurance
    discrimination
    Opis:
    The paper first deals with the conditions and prerequisites of adopting European law before the former „real-socialist” countries joined the EU. The key role of European Courts is described by showing that they worked as de facto virtual legislators even before accession. It is emphasized that European Courts have provided the courts and antitrust authorities of new Member States with an inestimable value-based orientation. The EU judicial practice enhanced national legal standards and legal culture in the respective countries. The second part of the contribution contrasts with this positive tone. An example of a serious inconsistency in values between the Court of Justice of the EU and the European Commission is shown concerning their divergent views on “uni-sex insurance” and the draft directive on women’s representation in board member positions. There is substantial disagreement in this matter, which weakens and endangers the integrative role of the CJEU and its habitual value-confirming impact. This disparity could to some extent depreciate the role of European Courts as „motors of integration”.
    Le document traite d'abord sur les conditions et les préalables de l'adoption de la législation européenne avant que les anciens pays «vraiment» socialistes aient rejoint l'UE. Un grand rôle des juridictions européennes est décrit d’une manière suivante: ils travaillaient en réalité comme des législateurs virtuelles même avant l'adhésion. Il est souligné que les tribunaux et les autorités de la concurrence des nouveaux Etats membres de l'UE ont été fournis d’une orientation axée sur la valeur inestimable par les juridictions européennes. La pratique judiciaire de l'UE renforçait des normes juridiques nationales et de la culture juridique dans les pays respectifs. La deuxième partie de la contribution contraste avec ce ton positif. Un exemple d'une grave incohérence de valeur entre la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne (CJUE) et la Commission européenne, concernant la divergence entre la CJUE et la Commission européenne dans une affaire qu'on appelle «l'assurance uni - sexe» et le projet d'une directive sur la représentation des femmes aux postes de membres du conseil d'administration est présenté. Il y a un désaccord important dans cette matière qui affaiblit et met en danger le rôle intégratif de la CJUE et son impact habituel de confirmation de valeur; il pourrait, en quelque sorte, déprécier le rôle des tribunaux européens étant des «moteurs de l'intégration».
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2014, 7(9); 13-30
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    2008 and 2009 EU Competition Law and Sector-specific Regulatory Case Law Developments with a Nexus to Poland
    Autorzy:
    Kośka, Dagmara
    Kuik, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530025.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    Access Directive
    active ingredient
    airline industry
    antitrust
    bankruptcy
    broadband
    collective management
    competition law
    copyright
    divestiture
    e-communications
    economic crisis
    electronic communications
    EU competition law
    European Commission
    fine
    Framework Directive
    full-function joint venture
    insurance
    interconnection
    interim measures
    liquidation
    merger
    national regulatory authority
    NRA
    patent
    performing right
    pharmaceutical industry
    pharmaceutical sector inquiry
    Polish Law on telecommunications
    Polish shipyards
    recovery decision
    recovery of the aid
    regional aid
    remedies
    reproduction right
    restructuring aid
    State aid
    subscriber
    Opis:
    The 2008 issue of YARS contained an overview of EU law developments in the period of time from 2004 to 2007. This overview covers the years 2008-2009. It confirms that State aid cases remained numerous (6 in total) and that the Commission’s enforcement activities in the area of State aid control continued at a similar pace as before. With respect to other areas of competition law and policy, the overall picture shows a relatively high level of scrutiny in mergers (5) and antitrust cases or inquiries (2). Moreover, EU Courts adopted several decisions in Polish cases, notably in the regulatory field (electronic communications) and State aid control (partial annulment in Huta Częstochowa (Operator) as well as the rejection of a request for interim measures in Technologie Buczek). The regulatory court cases show the Commission’s consistency in pursuing Member States in their failure to implement or to correctly implement the EU Electronic Communications package. In the state aid related Huta Częstochowa (Operator) judgement, the General Court (GC, formerly the Court of First Instance, CFI) partially annulled the scrutinised Commission decision since the Commission failed to identify the actual benefit related to the receipt of the aid in question. The jury is still out in the case concerning Technologie Buczek because the interim measures judgement says little about the potential outcome of the pending main appeals.
    Le YARS de 2008 contenait un aperçu des développements du droit de l'UE pendant la période de 2004 à 2007, alors que celui-ci couvre les années 2008-2009. Il confirme que les cas d'aides d'État sont restés nombreux (6 au total) et que la mise en œuvre du contrôle des aides d'État par la Commission a continué au même rythme. En ce qui concerne les autres secteurs du droit de la concurrence et de la politique de concurrence, le nombre de contrôles des concentrations et des cas ou des enquêtes antitrust est relativement élevé (2). En outre, les cours de l'UE ont rendu plusieurs arrêts dans des cas polonais, notamment dans le domaine réglementaire (communications électroniques) et du contrôle d'aides d'État (l'annulation partielle dans Huta Częstochowa (opérateur) ainsi que le rejet d'une demande de mesures provisoires dans Technologie Buczek). Les arrêts dans le domaine réglementaire montrent la cohérence de la Commission dans les actions contre les États membres qui ont manqué à leur obligation de mettre en oeuvre, ou de mettre en œuvre correctement, le Paquet Télécom de l'UE. Dans l'arrêt Huta Częstochowa (opérateur) concernant les aides d'État, le Tribunal (précédemment le Tribunal de Première Instance, TPI) a partiellement annulé la décision de la Commission puisque la Commission n'a pas réussi à identifier l'avantage réel de la réception de l'aide en question. Le jury est toujours en train de délibérer dans le cas concernant Technologie Buczek parce que l'arrêt sur les mesures provisoires dit peu sur les résultats potentiels des appels principaux en cours.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2010, 3(3); 179-211
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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