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    Tytuł:
    Bractwa charytatywne w Polsce od średniowiecza do końca XVIII wieku
    Brotherhoods of charity in Poland from the Middle Ages to the late eighteenth century
    Autorzy:
    Surdacki, Marian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-06-27
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    bractwa religijne
    bractwa charytatywne
    bractwa szpitalne
    bractwa miłosierdzia
    Piotr Skarga
    Michał Jerzy Poniatowski
    religious brotherhoods
    brotherhood of charity
    hospital fraternities
    brotherhood of mercy
    Opis:
    Religious brotherhoods were one of the institutions, apart from schools and hospitals, which in past centuries played an important role in the lives of individual parishes, towns and villages. They were associations – church communities, with legal personality, bringing together people for religious purposes, regardless of gender and social origin. Different kinds of brotherhoods, including the ones of charitable and protective nature became a common phenomenon between the 11th and the 15th centuries in the West. In the thirteenth century, they also began to take hold on Polish soil, referring to Western patterns. Hospital fraternities (fraternitas hospitales) have the oldest tradition of secular charities in the Polish land. Their aim was to provide people, who often did the activities connected with the medieval hospital. Some of them even founded and ran hospitals. Just like all other religious brotherhoods, at the earliest, in the thirteenth century, they appeared in Silesia. In the group of hospital fraternities the brotherhood of the Holy Spirit played a special role. That brotherhood was associated only with hospitals run by the Order of the same name, so-called ‘duchaki’. Brotherhoods of the poor were far more common in the Polish land. Their main aim was to focus on charitable activities and they encompassed almost all the lands of the Polish Republic. Their heyday was primarily in the fifteenth and the early sixteenth century. Brotherhoods of the poor developed evenly in terms of chronology in the whole land of the Polish state. Those fraternities exercised complete control over the lives of every beggar who was in the town; they regulated districts, begging procedures and oversaw the behaviour of the poor. The chief duty of brotherhoods of the poor was to take care of the sick in hospitals and their homes. The duty of brothers was also a concern for the dead, especially the poor and homeless, Christian burial and funeral as well as the prayers for those whom they took care of. In the atmosphere of the reforms of the Council of Trent (1545-1563), religious brotherhoods began again spontaneously developing in Poland. The most important of the new brotherhoods of charity was a brotherhood of mercy, established at the end of the sixteenth century by the preacher Jesuit Piotr Skarga. The first model brotherhood of mercy was organized by Skarga in 1584, and it was attached to the Jesuit Church of St. Barbara in Krakow. Other brotherhoods, based on Skarga’s pattern, were formed in major cities of the Polish Republic, including Vilnius, Warsaw, Poznań, Pułtusk, Łowicz, Lviv, Zamość, Rzeszów, Lublin, Przemyśl. The period of the development of brotherhoods of mercy occurred in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century. Then those organizations gradually disappeared and were forgotten. The idea of Piotr Skarga’s brotherhoods of mercy was renewed in the new spirit of the Enlightenment in the 1770s by Bishop, later Primate Michał Jerzy Poniatowki. They were not to be one of many brotherhoods, but the ones to which the others were to be “subordinate”. Poniatowski incorporated all the previous devotional confraternities into them, along with their funds, used henceforth for the purpose not so much pious as socially useful. Reborn in the era of the first partition, brotherhoods of mercy, compared to their earlier prototype, due to the obligation of establishing them at every parish, had a more common and universal character, and were involved in more diverse charitable, social and educational activities. Apart from the above mentioned brotherhoods of charity, which were the most famous and widespread in the Polish land in the Middle Ages and modern times, there were a number of other charitable associations. Those were: brotherhoods of priests, brotherhoods of good death, funeral brotherhoods, brotherhoods of St. Barbara, brotherhoods of St. Lazarus, brotherhoods of St. Roch, brotherhoods of St. Sebastian, brotherhoods of St. Benon, brotherhoods of St. Nicholas and St. Jacob. Some devotional brotherhoods also dealt with charity. Although they mainly focused on the celebration of different forms of worship, the statutes of many explicitly advocated doing the acts of mercy toward other people. A brotherhood which stood out in this field was the literary one.
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2014, 101; 233-296
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Forms of piety among members of religious confraternities in Krakow in the early modern period
    Formy pobożności członków bractw religijnych w nowożytnym Krakowie
    Autorzy:
    Bruździński, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/560553.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    piety
    religious confraternities
    Krakow
    Middle Ages
    post-Trent epoch
    pobożność
    bractwa religijne
    Kraków
    średniowiecze
    epoka potrydencka
    Opis:
    The author analyses forms of piety among Krakow religious confraternities, both those which originated already in the Middle Ages and those from the post-Trent epoch. There were dozens of confraternities in the early modern Krakow. The author was able to trace back 36 religious confraternities, active in as many as 51 communities. The article shows that almost every member of each stratum of the urban community, from the patriciate to the commoners, belonged to a religious confraternity of sorts. Confraternities had many functions, but the religious education of Krakow inhabitants was the most significant. In each subsection the author presents various forms of fraternal piety, namely: Christ-centric piety, pneumahagic piety, Marian piety, the worship of angles and saints, as well as the eschatological dimension. Towards the end, the article contains briefly characterises the charitable activities of religious confraternities. The author concludes that religious confraternities played an important role in building the Catholic awareness of the society, and the fraternal piety was indeed a basis and a catalyst of the growth of the city of Krakow.
    Autor analizuje formy pobożności krakowskich bractw religijnych, zarówno tych, które powstały jeszcze w średniowieczu, jak i tych z epoki potrydenckiej. W nowożytnym Krakowie działało kilkadziesiąt bractw. Autorowi udało się potwierdzić źródłowo 36 religijnych konfraterni działających wówczas w 51 wspólnotach. Artykuł pokazuje, że niemal każdy członek poszczególnych warstw społeczności miejskiej, od bogatego patrycjatu poczynając, a na ubogim plebsie kończąc, należał do bractw religijnych. Bractwa miały wiele funkcji, jednak jedną z ważniejszych było wychowanie religijne społeczeństwa Krakowa. Autor w podrozdziałach przedstawia różne formy pobożności brackiej: pobożność chrystocentryczną, pobożność pneumahagijną, pobożność maryjną, kult aniołów i świętych, jak również jej wymiar eschatologiczny. W ostatniej części artykułu scharakteryzowana została także działalność charytatywna bractw religijnych. Na zakończenie autor dochodzi do konkluzji, że bractwa religijne odgrywały istotną rolę w budowie katolickiej świadomości społeczeństwa, natomiast sama pobożność bracka była niewątpliwie podłożem i katalizatorem rozwoju Krakowa.
    Źródło:
    Folia Historica Cracoviensia; 2015, 21; 103-146
    0867-8294
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Historica Cracoviensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fundacje i bractwa religijne w Głogowie Małopolskim od XVI do XVIII wieku
    Autorzy:
    Borkowski, Robert
    Nowicki, Tomasz
    Lorens, Beata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1574237.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Państwowe w Rzeszowie
    Tematy:
    fundacje religijne
    bractwa religijne
    Głogów Małopolski
    XVI-XVIII wiek
    religious charitable organizations
    confraternities
    16th–18th century
    Glogow Malopolski
    Opis:
    W założonym w 1570 r. Głogowie Małopolskim od pierwszych lat jego istnienia kwitło bogate życie religijne. Miasto lokował Krzysztof Głowa herbu Jelita, był on również fundatorem drewnianego kościoła parafialnego. W kolejnych dziesięcioleciach istnienia Głogowa Małopolskiego powstawały nowe fundacje religijne pochodzące od następnych właścicieli miasta. Mikołaj Spytek Ligęza na początku lat 30. XVII w. założył szpital dla ubogich, co miało również wymiar religijny. W mieście powstały cechy rzemieślnicze – szewski, tkacki, rzeźniczy, krawiecki i inne, a ich statuty dowodzą, że rzemieślnicy organizowali się również we wspólnym życiu religijnym, posiadali między innymi własne ołtarze w kościele parafialnym. Pod koniec XVII w. z prywatnej inicjatywy powstała fundacja, dzięki której znalazł utrzymanie ksiądz, który sprawował obowiązki duchowne przy ołtarzu cechu krawieckiego. Początek XVIII w. przyniósł za sobą wielką wojnę północną, a wraz z nią śmierć i zniszczenia. Reakcją na to mieszczan głogowskich był wzrost pobożności. Powstało wówczas bractwo różańcowe oraz nowy kościół położony tuż za miastem na tzw. Piasku. W kościele znalazł się obraz Matki Bożej Śnieżnej, który z czasem został uznany za słynący łaskami i otoczony kultem religijnym. W pobliżu kościoła wykopano studnię, której woda uchodziła za leczniczą. Kolejne bractwo, które rozpoczęło swą działalność przy głogowskiej parafii to bractwo św. Anny. Było ono również założone przez mieszczan. Trzecie bractwo Św. Trójcy miało fundusz, na który złożyli się mieszczanie i jedna z kolejnych właścicielek miasta, Urszula z Branickich Lubomirska. W latach 60. XVIII w. ściągnęła ona do Głogowa Małopolskiego księży misjonarzy ze Zgromadzenia Misji św. Wincentego à Paulo. Zbudowała dla nich murowany kościół połączony z domem misyjnym i budynek, który został ich siedzibą. Ufundowana przez nią suma, z której były płacone wyderkafy, pozwalała na utrzymanie pięciu księży. Dodatkowo księżna postarała się, aby duchowni ze Zgromadzenia Misji przejęli opiekę duchowną w pozostałych dwóch głogowskich kościołach – parafialnym i na Piasku. Misjonarze przetrwali w Głogowie Małopolskim tylko 20 lat, w latach 80. XVIII w. Zgromadzenie Misji zostało zlikwidowane. Zabudowania misjonarzy wraz z kościołem przejął rząd zaborcy. Na początku XIX w. kościół z domem misyjnym spłonął, a w okresie międzywojennym XX w. ruiny zostały rozebrane. Pozostała jedynie oficyna mieszkalna. Artykuł demonstruje, jak życie mieszkańców dawnego Głogowa Małopolskiego było głęboko związane z religią.
    Charitable organizations and confraternities in Glogów Malopolski from 16th to 18th century. From its founding in 1570, rich religious life bloomed in Glogów Malopolski. The town was founded by Krzysztof Glowa bearing the ‘Jelita’ coat of arms, who had also initiated and funded a wooden parish church. In the following decades of the town’s existence, new owners founded new religious charitable organizations. Mikolaj Spytek Ligeza, at the beginning of 1630s, founded a hospital for the poor, which also had a religious undertone. Various guilds were founded in the town, including but not limited to: craftsmen, shoemakers, butchers and tailors guild and their statutes prove that craftsmen organized themselves also in the religious life, as they had their own altars in the parish church. At the end of the 17th century, due to an individual’s initiative, a new charitable organization was founded, thanks to which a priest who performed his duties at the tailors’ altar could earn a living. The beginning of the 18th century brought a great northern war and with it death and destruction. This caused the piousness of the town’s people to rise. A confraternity of the Holy Rosary was founded along with a new church located at the so-called ‘Piasek’. The church displayed a painting of the Salus Populi Romani, which with time became famous for its boons which then led to veneration. A well was set up in the vicinity of the church and its water was rumored to have healing properties. The next confraternity to start its activity near the church was the confraternity of St. Anne. It was founded by the townspeople. The third confraternity to be founded was confraternity of the Holy Trinity, which had its fund financed by the townspeople and by a new owner of the town Urszula Lubomirska, maiden name Branicka. In the 1760s Urszula brought Vincentians to Glogow Malopolski. She built them a brick church combined with a mission and another building which became their residence. The sum she funded had enough withdrawn monthly to support five priests on the premises. Additionally, the 30 Robert Borkowski duchess made sure that the missionaries took over the spiritual duties in the other two churches in Glogow – the parish one, and the one located in the so-called ‘Piasek’. Missionaries resided in Glogow for only 20 years, as in the 1780s the confraternity did no longer exist. The residential buildings and the church were taken over by the invader’s government. At the beginning of the 19th century the church alongside the mission burned down, and in the interwar period the ruins were cleared out. Only one small residential building was left standing. The article demonstrates how the lives of the townspeople of the old Glogow Malopolski were deeply intertwined with religion.
    Źródło:
    Prace Historyczno-Archiwalne; 2020, 32; 7-30
    1231-3335
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Historyczno-Archiwalne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bractwa religijne w archidiakonacie lubelskim do końca XVIII wieku: chronologia i terytorialne rozmieszczenie
    Autorzy:
    Flaga, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1981
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    bractwa religijne
    XVIII wiek
    archidiakonat lubelski
    wizytacja
    kościoły parafialne
    religious fraternity
    18th century
    archdeaconry of Lublin
    canonical visitation
    parish church
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 1981, 42; 293-344
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Likwidacja bractw religijnych w Lublinie w 2. połowie XIX wieku
    The liquidation of religious brotherhoods in Lublin in the second half of the 19th century
    Autorzy:
    Partyka, Wiesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022001.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    Lublin
    bractwa religijne
    diecezja lubelska
    XIX wiek
    zabór rosyjski
    religious brotherhoods
    the Diocese of Lublin
    the 19th century
    the Russian Partition
    Opis:
    The brotherhood movement was born in the Church in the 4th century. Brotherhoods were  attached to churches and monasteries, and their aim was to strengthen the devotion among the faithful through the implementation of the devotional objectives as well as social and charitable activities. In Poland religious brotherhoods emerged in the 13th century and evolved over the centuries. They flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries in most parishes. In the region of Lublin they appeared in the late 14th century. In Lublin in the 19th century, there were 14 religious brotherhoods. They included a great number of the city residents, taking care of strengthening their piety and morality. Patriotism and religiousness nurtured by the members of religious associations were often not approved of by the authorities of the partitioners, which often resorted to different kinds of repression, including the liquidation of many brotherhoods. In the years 1875-1876, as a result of the Government's order, two brotherhoods were liquidated: the Brotherhoods of the Heart of Jesus and the Holy Name of Mary, and also the association of the penitents attached to the Brotherhood of the Rosary. Despite this repression, the citizens of Lublin were strongly connected with the brotherhood movement, effectively opposing secularism and taking care of their identity as well as values such as love of God and their own country.
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2016, 106; 127-137
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bractwa religijne w diecezji lubelskiej w XIX wieku – stan liczbowy
    Religious brotherhoods in the Diocese of Lublin in the nineteenth century-numerical data
    Autorzy:
    Partyka, Wiesław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12-18
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    bractwa religijne
    diecezja lubelska
    gubernia lubelska
    XIX wiek
    zabory
    religious brotherhoods
    the Diocese of Lublin
    the Province of Lublin
    the nineteenth century
    annexed territories
    Opis:
    The brotherhood movement was born in the Church in the fourth century. Brotherhoods usually operated in churches and monasteries, and their aim was to strengthen the piety of the faithful through the implementation of the objectives of charitable and social activities, as well as activities connected with worship. In Poland, religious brotherhoods appeared in the thirteenth century and developed over the centuries. They fl ourished in the seventeenth and eighteenth century and were introduced into the majority of parishes. At the end of the fourteenth century they appeared in the region of Lublin. In the period before the partitions there were 174 brotherhoods in that region. With the collapse of the Polish State religious brotherhoods also experienced a serious crisis. The Diocese of Lublin was founded in 1805. Under the new organizational structures brotherhoods continued to operate and pursue their goals. Despite a series of reprisals from the partitioners, which wanted to tightly control and even restrict the activity of brotherhoods, they effectively coped with those diffi culties opposing the secularization of society. On the basis of the records of canonical visitation of the nineteenth century and the two registrations of brotherhoods in that period, it was possible to establish that in the nineteenth century in the Diocese of Lublin there were199 brotherhoods. The vast majority of brotherhoods were Marian ones – 124, of which 91 Rosary ones, 24 scapular ones and 9 others. Among other fraternities quite numerously represented were the ones dedicated to the Holy Trinity (24), St. Anna (15), Mercy (12). The number of such fraternities as Corpus Christi (3), St. Tekla (3), St. John of Nepomuk (3) Literary (2), St. Anthony (2) and Heart of Jesus (2) was small. There was also one brotherhood of Guardian Angels, one of the Holy Name of Jesus, Lovers of Crucified Jesus, Merciful Jesus (dying), St. Cross, St. Mary Magdalene, St. Barbara, St. Yvonne and St. Francis of Assisi’s belt. Some of them disappeared at the beginning of the nineteenth century, some operated continuously for a long time and others came into existence in the period under discussion. It is hoped that the issue concerning the functioning of religious brotherhoods in the nineteenth century will soon be more detailed studied, as in the case of the fraternities operating in the period before the Partitions of Poland. It is essential to better understand not only the functioning of the brotherhoods in an entirely new political situation of the Polish Church but also their impact on moral and religious renewal, and perhaps on the increase in the patriotic sentiments of wider social groups. 
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2014, 102; 143-177
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bractwo Najświętszych Serc Jezusa i Maryi przy kościele parafialnym w Połocku w świetle księgi brackiej z lat 1794–1818
    Brotherhood of Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary at Polotsk parish church in light of brotherhood register from 1794–1818
    Autorzy:
    Maziarz, Antoni
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/474785.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-10-29
    Wydawca:
    Archiwum Główne Akt Dawnych
    Tematy:
    Połock,
    bractwa religijne,
    Bractwo Najświętszych Serc Jezusa i Maryi
    w Połocku,
    kult maryjny
    Polotsk,
    religious brotherhoods,
    Brotherhood of Sacred Hearts of Jesus
    and Mary in Polotsk,
    Marian devotion
    Źródło:
    Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica; 2018, 25; 31-46
    0860-1054
    Pojawia się w:
    Miscellanea Historico-Archivistica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bractwa szkaplerzne – duchowe wspólnoty wiernych
    Scapular brotherhoods- spiritual communities of the faithful
    Autorzy:
    Warda, Elwira
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1021982.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    szkaplerz
    bractwa szkaplerzne
    stowarzyszenia religijne
    XIII wiek
    Włochy
    scapular
    scapular brotherhoods
    religious associations
    13th century
    Italy
    Opis:
    Scapular brotherhoods are religious associations, whose members are obliged to wear a “small” scapular of a specific style and colour, expressing the relationship with the spirituality of the religious order, with which the brotherhood is linked. The origins of scapular brotherhoods date back to the 13th century, and the first ones were established in Florence, Bologna, Venice and other Italian towns. Scapular brotherhoods include: the Brotherhood of the Holy Trinity, the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Sorrows, the Brotherhood of the Immaculate Conception, the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Good Counsel, the Brotherhood of St. Cross and Bitter Passion of the Lord Jesus, the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Health of the Sick, the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Charity, the Brotherhood of the Precious Blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Brotherhood of St. Benedict and the Brotherhood of St. Michael the Archangel.
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2016, 106; 305-314
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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