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Tytuł:
Energy Valorization of Olive Mill Waste Cake – Extraction of Vegetable Oil and Transesterification
Autorzy:
Mehdaoui, Imane
Majbar, Zineb
Hassani, El Mokhtar Saoudi
Mahmoud, Rachid
Atemni, Ibrahim
Ben Abbou, Mohamed
Taleb, Mustapha
Rais, Zakia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
olive mill waste cake
extraction
valorisation
vegetable oil
transesterification
biodiesel
Opis:
The olive mill wastewater, effluents from the trituration of olives, are treated in most Mediterranean countries by natural evaporation. However, this method of treatment is a source of air and soil pollution by the generation of solid waste, called olive mill waste cake. This work focused on extracting of vegetable oil from this by-product for biodiesel production by transesterification. The extraction took place with a Soxhlet extractor, using hexane as solvent. The vegetable oil and biodiesel were characterized by measuring the physicochemical parameters that identify them according to AFNOR standards. The extraction results show that the oil yield is 21.28%. The oil obtained is characterized by density, water and ash content, acidity, saponification, peroxide and ester. The yield of the oil esterification reaction is 86.41% or about 185 Kg of biodiesel/ton of olive mill waste cake, and in terms of energy 2783.7 MJ or 2 GW.t-1. The biodiesel produced is comparable to petroleum diesel according to EN 14214, 2013.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 306--315
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of vibration and noise characteristics of a compression-ignition engine fuelled with natural gas-biodiesel dual fuel
Autorzy:
Stravinskas, Saulius
Rimkus, Alfredas
Matijošius, Jonas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
biodiesel
natural gas
vibrations
sound pressure
correlation analysis
gaz ziemny
wibracje
ciśnienie akustyczne
analiza korelacji
Opis:
As environmental requirements become more stringent and the planet becomes more polluted, the replacement of conventional diesel is attracting more interest. For alternative fuels, such as biodiesel and natural gas, to be used, their effects must be examined not only in terms of the engine’s environmental indicators but also in terms of engine vibrations and sound pressure. This study examined the influence of dual fuel – biodiesel and natural gas – on vibrations and sound pressure of a compression-ignition (CI) engine. Conventional diesel or hydrotreated vegetable oil biodiesel was used as a pilot fuel for gas ignition. The gaseous fuel was natural gas, which was injected into the intake manifold with different energy shares of the gaseous fuel (40%, 60% and 80%). Tests were performed at a constant engine crankshaft speed and a fixed start of pilot fuel injection of 6° BTDC while the fuel composition and engine load were changed. This experiment revealed correlations between gas energy share (GES) in liquid fuel and ecological and energy indicators of a CI engine.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2023, 18, 1; 67--74
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biodiesel Production from Crude Palm Oil Using Kapok Skin KOH (Ceiba Pentandra) Catalyst as Solid Green Catalyst
Autorzy:
Jalaluddin
Ginting, Zainuddin
Maliki, Syariful
Setiawan, Arif
Zulfa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biodiesel
crude palm oil
high purity
Ceiba Pentandra
THF
tetrahydrofuran
Opis:
Biodiesel is one type of renewable alternative energy that has great potential to be developed. Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of a mixture of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids made from renewable sources, such as vegetable oils or animal fats, one of which is crude palm oil (CPO). Crude palm oil contains free fatty acids in high levels, so treatment is needed to reduce free fatty acids by a reaction known as the esterification reaction. Then, the transesterification process is carried out to produce biodiesel (methyl ester). The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of catalyst mass, a mole ratio of CPO to moles of methanol and the effect of adding THF co-solvent to biodiesel purity. The catalyst used is a heterogeneous catalyst from kapok fruit peel waste. Kapok fruit rind was calcined at 700°C for 8 hours. The independent variable varied the mole ratio of oil to methanol in a 1:4 ratio; 1:6; 1:8; and 1:10 with a catalyst weight variation of 3 and 4%. Meanwhile, for the addition of co-solvent, variations of THF: methanol v/v 1:1 and 2:1, were carried out. The biodiesel properties such as density, viscosity, water content and acid number, were evaluated and compared with the Indonesian National Standard. The results showed that the transesterification reaction with the addition of co-solvent resulted in a higher methyl ester content than that without the addition of co-solvent. The highest yield of methyl ester without the addition of co-solvent was 79.16%, while the yield of the methyl ester with the addition of THF co-solvent with a ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 v/v to methanol was 90.09 and 94.09%, respectively. The highest methyl ester content (94.09%) was achieved by the addition of THF: methanol = 2:1, CPO: methanol molar ratio = 1:6 and 4 wt% catalyst weight. The results obtained in this study indicate that a green catalyst made from kapok skin can be used to produce biodiesel and also the addition of co-solvent can increase the yield of methyl esters, so that high purity is obtained.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 5; 286--292
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biodiesel Production of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Hydrotalcite Catalyst
Autorzy:
Agustina, Tuty Emilia
Heraldy, Eddy
Hadiah, Fitri
Hasanudin
Arita, Susila
Prakoso, Tirto
Sari, Tuti Indah
Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho
Putra, Muhammad Firdaus Kusuma
Ramadhani, Dimas Luthfi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biodiesel
esterification
transesterification
hydrotalcite
Opis:
Biodiesel is currently preferred for consumption and has been widely used as a substitute for diesel. This study aimed to determine the effect of various methanol-to-oil ratios in the esterification process and also the effect of hydrotalcite catalyst weight on the transesterification product. The catalyst was characterized with SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TG-DTG-DTA. The esterification process was operated at various oil-to-methanol ratios, i.e., 1:12–1:36 and the transesterification was performed using several catalyst weights, 0.5%–2.5%. The results showed that the optimum conditions of esterification were at the 1:30 molar ratio of oil-to-methanol, which decreased the amount of acid number by 95.75%, while the optimum condition of transesterification was at 1.5% catalyst weight. The characteristics of biodiesel using 0.5–2% hydrotalcite catalyst (acid number, total glycerol, free glycerol, ester levels, viscosity, density, oxidation stability) have met the Indonesian biodiesel standard of SNI-04-7182-2012.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 6; 172--181
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of biodiesel blended fuel on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines – a review
Autorzy:
Zheng, Fangyuan
Cho, Haeng Muk
Xu, Changchun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
biodiesel
paliwo
emisja spalin
diesel engine
fuel properties
engine performance
exhaust emission
Opis:
The internal combustion engine plays a vital role in transportation, industry, and shipping. However, diesel as one of the main fuels for internal combustion engines, caused many environmental and human health problems. In order to solve the problems, more researchers have been committed to the research of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is a renewable, sustainable alternative fuel, and its characteristics are similar to traditional diesel. It can be mixed with pure diesel. It has been found that a mix with pure diesel in a certain ratio can effectively reduce the negative effects caused by its characteristics, improve the combustion performance, and reduce the NOx and PM emissions. This article mainly reviews the effects of the mixture of biodiesel and diesel on engine combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions, including three parts: part (1) summarizes and analyzes the biodiesel’s production and characteristics, part (2) analyzes the engine’s performance under different working conditions, and part (3) studies and analyzes the exhaust emission under different working conditions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering; 2022, 27, 1; 215--231
1734-4492
2353-9003
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Karanja biodiesel blends on the characteristics of diesel engine
Autorzy:
Yadav, Sandeep
Kumar, Amit
Chaudhary, Abhilasha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176951.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
Diesel engine
Karanja biodiesel
performance
combustion
emission
silnik Diesla
biodiesel Karanja
wydajność
spalanie
emisja
Opis:
Extensive research is being conducted to create and use a wide range of alternative fuels to accommodate the world's growing energy needs. The objective of this experimental investigation was to analyze the effects of Karanja biodiesel blends on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a compression ignition (CI) engine vis-a-vis neat diesel. Important physical parameters of Karanja oil were examined experimentally after transesterification and determined to be within acceptable limits. BTE of Karanja biodiesel blends was about 3-8% lower than diesel. For Karanja biodiesel blends, BSFC was about 2-9% higher than diesel but exhaust gas temperature and volumetric efficiency were lower. Emissions characteristics such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide were also analyzed for various tested fuels. Karanja biodiesel blends resulted in lesser CO and HC formation. Nonetheless, NOx emissions were around 10% greater than diesel. Peak cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and maximum rate of pressure rise versus crank angle were among the combustion characteristics parameters considered in this study. Combustion analysis revealed that for Karanja biodiesel blends heat release rate and peak cylinder pressure were lower than for neat diesel. Findings indicate that Karanja biodiesel can be considered a viable diesel engine fuel.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 115; 249--264
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental investigation biodiesel-n-butanol fuels blends on performance and emissions in the diesel engine
Autorzy:
Labeckas, Gvidonas
Slavinskas, Stasys
Mickevičius, Tomas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097621.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
diesel engine
biodiesel
n-butanol
lubricity
brake specific fuel consumption
engine efficiency
emissions
smoke opacity
silnik diesla
smarność
jednostkowe zużycie paliwa przez hamulce
sprawność silnika
emisje
zadymienie spalin
Opis:
The paper presents the experimental test results reflecting the comparative changes in the performance efficiency and emissions of the exhaust of a naturally aspirated, four-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled diesel engine due to its transition from neat rapeseed oil biodiesel to fuel blends prepared by mixing in various proportion (by volume) rapeseed methyl ester (B) and butanol (Bu). The lubricity properties of biodiesel-n-butanol fuel blends were studied using HFRR method. In contrast to previous works, the undertaken investigation is performed with a totally renewable, binary liquid biofuel blends. The purpose of the research is to reduce simultaneously the production of NOx emissions and the exhaust smoke with respect to neat biodiesel due to potentially improved homogeneity of combustible mixture and particulate matter emissions benefits suggested by the higher oxygen content (21.62 wt%) and the relatively lower carbon-to-hydrogen ratio (4.8) of the normal n-butanol. The tests revealed that the brake specific fuel consumption for the binary biodiesel-n-butanol fuel blends is always higher than that neat biodiesel produces under the same loading conditions. Maximum nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were obtained with the engine running on neat biodiesel (2290 ppm). At full (100%) load conditions, the lowest NOx emission was obtained with the engine running on a biofuel BBu20 blend. The lowest level of carbon monoxide emissions (CO) was observed, when engine running with the most butanol-oxygenated biofuel blend BBu20.The highest smoke opacity of the exhaust was obtained when the engine was fuelled with neat biodiesel and at full load.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 1; 90--95
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental Study of the Compression Ignition Engine Performance Using Various Bio Diesel Blends
Autorzy:
Adaileh, Wail
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
biodiesel
compression ignition engines
engine performance
waste cooking oils
Opis:
The purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the performance of compression ignition engine using a biodiesel extracted from waste cooking oils (WCO), such as, falafel frying palm oil, chicken frying soybean oil, and fresh oils, such as soybean and olive oils. After producing biodiesel from WCO and fresh oils, the mixtures were blended with pure diesel in two percentages as follows: B20 (20% biodiesel from each type, 80% pure diesel) and B10 (10% biodiesel from each type, 90% pure diesel). The biodiesel blends were used as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. The ignition performance of the fuel blends was compared with that of pure diesel B00 (0% biodiesel, 100%pure diesel). To analyze the effect of biodiesel on engine performance, the engine was operated at variable load from 0 to 6 kW and constant speed at 2000 RPM. For engine performance, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that pure diesel produces higher brake force (BP) than all biodiesel blends. The highest value for brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at variable load is for B20-F (20% biodiesel from falafel frying oil, 80% pure diesel) is equal to 0.243426 gm/kW.s. The highest value for brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is for B10-S (10% biodiesel from soybeans oil, 90% pure diesel) is equal to 27.6%.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 4; 29--37
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Katalizatory wykorzystywane w syntezie biodiesla
Catalysts used in biodiesel synthesis
Autorzy:
Pobłocki, Kacper
Walczak, Juliusz
Drzeżdżon, Joanna
Jacewicz, Dagmara Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200588.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
katalizator
biodiesel
synteza
biopaliwa
energia odnawialna
catalyst
synthesis
biofuels
renewable energy
Opis:
Rising prices of electricity, conventional fuels and heating require decisive steps in the further development of technologies based on renewable energy sources. These include geothermal- ; hydrothermal- ; aerothermal- ; and solar energy. Due to the fact that the petrochemical industry is one of the fastest growing branches of the economy, we would like to expand on the topic related to biofuels. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel similar to conventional diesel. It is usually made from animal fat, vegetable oil and waste cooking oil. Its biodegradability, nontoxicity and lack of sulfur and aroma content make it superior to conventional gasoline and diesel. During fuel consumption, it emits fewer air pollutants and greenhouse gases other than nitrogen oxides. In this literature review, we will discuss the latest trends in the world related to catalysts used in biodiesel synthesis.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2022, 76, 3-4; 129--144
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biodiesel Production using Oil Extracted from Cooling Pond Wastewater with Esterification of Sulfonated Carbon Catalyst and Transesterification of $Na_2CO_3$ Catalyst
Autorzy:
Kolakaningrum, Chandra Fitri
Agustina, Tuty Emilia
Hadiah, Fitri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
cooling pond wateswater
esterification
transesterification
sulfonated carbon
sodium carbonate
biodiesel
Na₂CO₃
Opis:
While high production of palm oil improves the community economy, it has the potential to damage the environment because it produces the waste containing quite a lot of residual oil. The wastewater generated by this production process flows into the cooling pond before it is further processed in aerobic and anaerobic ponds. The residual oil contained in the cooling pond can be collected and used, e.g. as raw material for biodiesel production. This research aimed to produce biodiesel by utilizing the oil extracted from cooling pond wastewater through the esterification method with a sulfonated carbon catalyst and a transesterification method with the $Na_2CO_3$ catalyst. The sulfonated carbon catalyst was made from the palm kernel shells as a solid waste of the palm oil plant. In order to study the optimum amount of catalyst usage, the catalyst ratio was varied, i.e. 8–16% for the esterification process and 1–3% for the transesterification process. The reuse performance of sulfonated carbon catalysts was varied three times. On the basis of the research results, sulfonated carbon catalysts were proven to be effective as heterogeneous catalysts in the esterification process because they can reduce acid level to below 5 mg KOH/g oil. The sulfonated carbon catalyst ratio of 12% was the optimum ratio which can reduce the acid level to 4.62 mg KOH/g oil. The reuse of sulfonated carbon can reduce the acid level to 6.9 mg KOH/g oil at the first reuse. In the transesterification process, the optimum ratio of the $Na_2CO_3$ catalyst of 3% was found. The biodiesel produced has met the biodiesel characteristics of National Indonesian Standard (SNI of 7182:2015) with the saponification number of 197.18 mg KOH/g oil, free glycerol of 0.09%, FAME content of 96.79%, and density of 886 kg/$m^3$.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 10; 51-62
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficiency of the Diesel engine fuelled with the advanced biofuel Bioxdiesel
Autorzy:
Struś, Mieczysław
Poprawski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
biodiesel
Bioxdiesel
fatty acid ethyl esters
compression ignition engine
estry etylowe kwasów tłuszczowych
silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym
Opis:
One way to reduce the negative impact of internal combustion engines on the environment is to use advanced biofuels, e.g. Bioxdiesel which is a mixture of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters (FAEE), bioethanol and standard diesel, with vast majority of the content with biological origin. The FAEE are promising content of the Diesel-Biodiesel-Ethanol blends. The FAEE can be obtained from both vegetable, eg. rapeseed oil and animal fats, as well as waste fats. The article presents research results on the efficiency of a turbocharged Diesel engine equipped with a Common Rail fuel injection system which was powered by Bioxdiesel fuel and for comparison purposes also fed with standard fuel. The effects study showed that even with a lower calorific value of Bioxdiesel fuel when compared to that for the standard diesel, the performance of the engine obtained during the test results was comparable to the standard fuel. Due to the presence of oxygen in the particles of the biofuel, and thus more efficient combustion processes, for a wide range of the minor engine load, the fuel consumption of Bioxdiesel and Diesel fuels was comparable to each other, while at higher engine load the fuel consumption of Bioxdiesel was lower than that for the other fuel.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 3; 89--95
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emissions from a medium-duty CRDI engine fuelled with diesel-biodiesel blends
Autorzy:
Duda, Kamil
Wierzbicki, Sławomir
Mikulski, Maciej
Konieczny, Łukasz
Łazarz, Bogusław
Letuń-Łątka, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
biodiesel
fuel blending
exhaust emissions
common-rail
engine efficiency
mieszanie paliw
emisja spalin
common rail
sprawność silnika
Opis:
In the present work, biofuels produced from different raw fatty materials have been proposed as a dominant fuel component in biodiesel-diesel fuel blends. Biofuels were produced from pork lard and rapeseed oil by alkali transesterification using methyl alcohol. Blends of biofuels in volumetric proportions of 60 and 80% of the biocomponent and the remaining part of the conventional fuel were used in a compression ignition engine designed for medium-duty vehicles. The experiments were conducted at two engine rotational speeds (1500 and 3000 rpm, respectively) and a set of load conditions (50, 100, and 200 Nm, respectively). The tests focused on engine efficiency parameters (brake-specific fuel consumption and brake fuel conversion efficiency) as well as exhaust gas emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide were determined). The obtained results indicate that blends containing biocomponents produced from pork lard were characterized by superior fuel consumption and efficiency results, compared to blends containing biocomponents produced from rapeseed oil. In terms of exhaust emissions, biocomponents produced from pork lard were also characterized by lower emission of all of the examined components compared to rapeseed methyl ester-diesel blends. This study proposes that fuel components obtained from custom (animal) raw-fatty material can be an effective substitute for commonly used rapeseed oil methyl esters.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2021, 16, 1; 39--49
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of oil extraction process from blended sludge and algae for biodiesel production
Autorzy:
Abdissa, Desalegn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23967230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
optymalizacja ekstrakcji
parametry czynników
mikroalgi
osady ściekowe
biodiesel
extraction optimization
factor parameters
microalgae
sewage sludge
response surface
Opis:
Sewage sludge is one of the most polluting wastes that affect the environment, which contains organic and inorganic pollutants released into the surroundings. Using non-renewable energy for the engine also releases large amounts of pollutants results from combustion products was other issues to the environment. The decline of non-renewable energy sources, such as natural gas, fossil fuel, and petroleum made the world increase the production of alternative fuels like waste-derived fuels. Recently, biodiesel production developed from edible oil to cover the depilation of non-renewable energy supply. But it has also become a significant challenge for food security. Therefore, finding other potential opportunities for lipid extraction is crucial. Algae and sludge conversion presented by recent studies seem to be a promising method. The paper presents the extraction and optimization of lipids from blended sludge and algae for biodiesel production. The procedure of the study was a characterization of algal and sludge wastes, the extraction of the lipid component by Soxhlet extraction, and the parameters optimization for maximum oil yield obtain. Temperature, extraction time, and solvents were the basic factor affect oil extraction yield. In the optimization 80 temperature, 6hrs time and hexane solvent results in 61% oil extraction yield which maximum point. Algae and wastewater sludge high potential of lipid and can be substitute edible oil supplies for biodiesel production.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2021, 27, 3; 203--211
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibility of Using Golden Shower (Cassia Fistula) and Poinciana (Delonix regia) Seeds Oil as Non-Conventional Feedstocks for the Production of Biodiesel in Egypt
Autorzy:
Algharib, Ahmed Mohamed
Abd El Hakim, Ahmed Fawzy
El-Khamissi, Haitham Ahmed
El-Hamamsy, Sam Mohamed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biodiesel
Cassia fistula
Delonix regia
linoleic acid
Opis:
The tree pods and seeds of Cassia fistula (CF) and Delonix regia (DR) were collected from the Faculty of Agriculture garden at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, during the spring season of 2019. The physical and chemical aspects of pods and seeds were examined. The percentage of oil and fatty acid compositions were then investigated. The pod weights ranged from 61.34 g in DR to 89.29 g in CF, with pod lengths ranged from 42.26 cm (DR) to 62.64 cm (CF). InCassia fistula, the seed weight per pod, the number of seeds per pod, and the weight of 100 seeds per pod were 12.29 g, 84, and 17.22 g, respectively; whereas in Delonix regia, they were 11.31 g, 23.5, and 34.25 g. The C. fistula had high levels of chlorophyll a and b, as well as total chlorophyll (1.016, 1.025, and 2.041 mg $g^{-1}$ DW), while D. regia recorded the lowest levels (0.513, 0.228, 0.741 mg $g^{-1}$ DW). The results also showed that the C. fistula leaves were also heavier than the D. regia leaves, weighing 14.96 g and 5.02 g fresh and dry weight for C. fistula and 10.06 g and 3.87 g fresh and dry weight for D. regia, respectively. The seeds of both plants were chemically tested, with percentages of Lipid, Moisture, Protein, Ash, Fibers, and Total Carbohydrates of 2.11, 10.79, 17.10, 4.95, 5.51, and 59.53 percent for Cassia fistula and 2.13, 6.52, 18.75, 0.37, 13.28, and 58.95 percent for Delonix regia, respectively. Eleven fatty acids were found in both plants seeds oil (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, eliadic, linoleic, linolenic, gondoic, and behenic acid). A slight variation was noted in linoleic acid, which was the major component of both oils ranging from 52.17 (CF) to 54.77% (DR). The prediction of the iodine values resulted in 97.6 and 98.8 for Cassia fistula and Delonix regia, respectively, which is a promising model for the production of biodiesel in the future.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 10; 19-27
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Processing and Performance of Blended Biodiesel Produced from Microalgae Pediastrum Boryanum
Autorzy:
Chellappa, Thiago
da Silva, Raphael Eliedson
Filgueira, Mário Sérgio Gomes
Rabelo, Daniela Aisha Silva de Souza
Lira, Isadora Patriota de Aguiar
Bremgartner, Afra Raquel de Almeida
Bragato, Marcos
Santos, Dino Lincoln Figueirôa
Rosa, José Guilherme da Silva Santa
Chellappa, Naithirithi T.
Sanábio, Robson Guimarães
Nascimento, Rubens M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
biodiesel
diesel
algae
esterification
transesterification
residue
Opis:
In this present study, biodiesel was synthesized as per ASTM method by using algae as a raw material, which in the environment is considered as being a harmful waste and of a nature that blooms in ponds, lakes and reservoirs. In order to improve fuel quality, the transesterification process was carried out in this study so as to remove fatty acids and thereafter, analyze several fuel parameters of the biodiesel were determined. The calorific value of the biodiesel and its specific gravity was 42660 kJ/kg and 0.803 g/cm3 respectively. The viscosity of the sample was found to be 1.99. The cetane number of diesel fuel ranged from 40 to 55 and for the biodiesel it was found to be 47. The flashpoint and firepoint of the sample was recorded as 80°C and 94°C respectively. The conclusion is that it is worthy to mention that this process does not require high-end technology; hence, it could be used in the energy generation process in remote areas and as an alternative resource, as well.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 243--262
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 171

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