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    Tytuł:
    Biocontrol potential of trichoderma and yeast against post harvest fruit fungal diseases: A review
    Autorzy:
    Lamenew, Fenta
    Mekonnen, Habtamu
    Gashaw, Tsegaye
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076632.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biocontrol
    Postharvest
    Preharvest
    Trichoderma
    Yeast
    Opis:
    Crop protection is vital to maintain high productivity and high quality of crops. Over the past years, people used different fungicides, herbicides and good agronomical practices to control fungal diseases and pests to increase productivity. However, extensive use of chemicals in controlling pests and diseases resulted in negative impacts on the environment, producing inferior quality and harming consumer health. In recent times, diverse approaches are being used to manage a variety of pathogens for control of plant diseases. Biological control is the alternative approach for disease management that is eco-friendly and reduces the amount of human contact with harmful chemicals and their residues. A variety of biocontrol agents including fungi and bacteria have been identified; In this regard, yeast and trichoderma species are the most researched microbes in biocontrol research area. But, despite the presence of many reports on biocontrol, practicability of the biocontrols requires effective adoption and a better understanding of the intricate interactions among the pathogen, plants and environment towards sustainable agriculture. To this end, this review attempts to find and compile previous works done on the role of trichoderma and yeast as a biocontrol agent against postharvest fungal pathogens. Moreover, this review analyzes the mechanisms of biocontrol activity, their means of application and future prospects on the use biogents and the challenges that encounter during the commercialization process.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 27; 153-173
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Multicellular behaviour and production of a wide variety of toxic substances support usage of Bacillus subtilis as a powerful biocontrol agent
    Autorzy:
    Nagórska, Krzysztofa
    Bikowski, Mariusz
    Obuchowski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040933.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    Bacillus subtilis
    biocontrol
    multicellular behaviour
    antimicrobial agents
    Opis:
    Intensive cultivation of plants in the monoculture field system in order to feed the continuously growing human population creates a need for their protection from the variety of natural competitors such as: bacteria, fungi, insects as well as other plants. The increase in the use of chemical substances in the 20th century has brought many effective solutions for the agriculture. However, it was extremely difficult to obtain a substance, which would be directed solely against a specific plant pathogen and would not be harmful for the environment. In the late 1900's scientists began trying to use natural antagonisms between resident soil organism to protect plants. This phenomenon was named biocontrol. Biological control of plants by microorganisms is a very promising alternative to an extended use of pesticides, which are often expensive and accumulate in plants or soil, having adverse effects on humans. Nonpathogenic soil bacteria living in association with roots of higher plants enhance their adaptive potential and, moreover, they can be beneficial for their growth. Here, we present the current status of the use of Bacillus subtilis in biocontrol. This prevalent inhabitant of soil is widely recognized as a powerful biocontrol agent. Naturally present in the immediate vicinity of plant roots, B. subtilis is able to maintain stable contact with higher plants and promote their growth. In addition, due to its broad host range, its ability to form endospores and produce different biologically active compounds with a broad spectrum of activity, B. subtilis as well as other Bacilli are potentially useful as biocontrol agents.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2007, 54, 3; 495-508
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bdellovibrio and like organisms: The much-anticipated “magic bullet”
    Autorzy:
    Ebana, R. U. B.
    Edet, U. O.
    Anosike, I. K.
    Etok, C. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1077314.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Antimicrobial agent
    Bdellovibrio
    Predation
    Resistance
    biocontrol agents
    Opis:
    With advances in next generation sequencing and microscopy, a clearer picture is beginning to emerge about the predatory properties of Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs). BALOs are Gram negative microorganisms which are natural predators of other Gram-negative microorganisms, especially those associated with diseases in humans and animals. One of the limitations of BALOs is their inability to prey upon Gram-positive organisms that cause the bulk of human diseases. The global spread of antibiotics resistance to almost every group of antibiotics, and the paucity of newer antibiotics since 1970s is very worrisome. The ability of BALOs to decimate pathogen populations principally those carrying multidrug résistance genes coupled with the increasing rate of antibiotics resistance, has made them an attractive option as biocontrol agents. With the absence of resistance to BALOs, these much anticipated “magic bullets” will certainly find more and more applications in health, agriculture, medicine and environment in the nearest future.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 23; 233-249
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mediations of the body: towards biosurveillance and biocontrol
    Autorzy:
    Celiński, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691352.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    mediatization, biosurveillance, biocontrol, body, human being, mapping, interface
    Opis:
    In this essay I focus on the problem of biomedia with its ability to enable biosurveillance and biocontrol. This next stage of the contemporary panoptical surveillance state and the society of control, is about direct mapping of the body to replace the representational logic of traditional surveillance media. It undermines human subjectivity and the integrity of his or her body by crossing such natural boundaries as the skin, senses and mind, and connecting with its molecules, neurons and organs.
    Źródło:
    Mediatization Studies; 2018, 2
    2451-1188
    Pojawia się w:
    Mediatization Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Physiological and Antagonistic Properties of Pichia kluyveri for Curative and Preventive Treatments Against Post-Harvest Fruit Fungi
    Autorzy:
    Mewa Ngongang, Maxwell
    Du Plessis, Heinrich W.
    Boredi, Chidi S.
    Hutchinson, Ucrecia F.
    Ntwampe, Karabo S.
    Okudoh, Vincent I.
    Jolly, Neil P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363256.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-07-20
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    biocontrol
    Botrytis cinerea
    Monilinia laxa
    spoilage
    antagonistic yeast
    Opis:
    Postharvest fruit loss due to spoilage is mainly attributed to fungal infections. Synthetic chemicals can be used to preserve fruits, but they are expensive and pose risks to human health. The replacement of these chemicals by safer and cost-effective biocontrol agents is now a priority. This study investigated the physiological characteristics of Pichia kluyveri and its potential use as a biofungicide. The antagonistic effect of P. kluyveri against Botrytis cinerea and Monilinia laxa was tested on yeast peptone dextrose agar, grapes, apples, and pears. Yeast growth was variably possible at different temperatures, pH, and salinity levels. Strain-dependent antagonistic responses were observed on agar plates, where M. laxa was the more sensitive fungus to the antagonistic yeast. P. kluyveri demonstrated strong physiological properties under stressful temperature, pH, and salinity conditions. Preventive applications of P. kluyveri to apples were 95% effective against B. cinerea and 100% effective against M. laxa. Fruit type-dependent responses were evident on pears. Similarly, preventive application on grapes was also effective against the fungal pathogens studied. In general, the antagonistic responses were both fungus- and treatment- (curative and preventive) dependent. Therefore, the preventive use of P. kluyveri against post-harvest fruit-fungal infections proved to be an effective method for biological control of grapes, apples, and pears against fungal spoilage organisms Botrytis cinerea and Monilinia laxa.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 2021, 71, 3; 245-253
    1230-0322
    2083-6007
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. as a biocontrol agents against plant pathogens
    Możliwości zastosowania dwujądrowych izolatów Rhizoctonia spp. w biologicznej ochronie roślin
    Autorzy:
    Maculewicz, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/388593.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    mechanism of biocontrol
    binucleate Rhizoctonia
    biologiczna ochrona
    dwujądrowe Rhizoctonia
    Opis:
    Rhizoctonia spp. is a large, diverse, ubiquitous soil inhabiting group of fungi. They are generally regarded as plant pathogens causing root rot and other plant diseases which results in crop losses of many economically important plant species, but they can also enter into symbiotic associations with orchids. Binucleate species commonly cause root, stem and foliar diseases, but due to its wide range of host plants and frequent causing losses in important agricultural crops, probably the most studied Rhizoctonia species is multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Crops, including fruits and vegetables, are exposed to diseases caused by microorganisms, especially pathogenic fungi, during growth and after harvest. The occurrence of plant diseases results in lower harvest, in worsens their quality and raises production costs. The use of chemical plant protection results in the contamination of soil and increase pathogen resistance to commonly used fungicides. Biological control is an alternative and safe for the environment method of plant protection. Hypovirulent BNR isolates from different anastomosing groups can be successfully used as biocontrol agents in plant protection against pathogenic Rhizoctonia and fungi from other species. They may occupy the same ecological niches as pathogens, compete successfully for nutrients, induce plant resistance and promote plant growth.
    Rhizoctonia spp. to duża, zróżnicowana i powszechnie występująca w glebie grupa grzybów. Zwykle są one patogenami wielu ważnych gospodarczo gatunków roślin. Powodują zgnilizny korzeni, są także często przyczyną chorób łodyg i liści. Mają szeroki zakres roślin żywicielskich. Obok możliwości oddziaływania patogenicznego mogą one również wchodzić w związki symbiotyczne, np. ze storczykami. Gatunki dwujądrowe Rhizoctonia są dość częste w środowisku i występują obok innego ważnego patogena roślin, którym jest wielojądrowy Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Występowanie chorób roślin skutkuje niższymi i o gorszej jakości plonami, a ochrona przed skutkami chorób roślin podnosi koszty produkcji. W celu ograniczenia strat możliwe jest stosowanie chemicznych środków ochrony roślin, to jednak powoduje skażenie gleby i przyczynia się do wykształacania u patogenów odporności na fungicydy. Alternatywą jest bezpieczna dla środowiska biologiczna ochrona roślin z wykorzystaniem hypowirulentnych izoltów dwujądrowych Rhizoctonia (BNR). W tym celu stosowane są izolaty z różnych grup anastomozowych. Mogą one być wykorzystywane jako czynniki biologiczne w ochronie roślin przeciw różnym grzybom chorobotwórczym, w tym także przeciw Rhizoctonia solani. Jest to możliwe, dlatego że zajmują one te same nisze ekologiczne, co patogeny. Dodatkowo izolaty BNR mają zdolność wzbudzania naturalnej odporności roślin i stymulowania ich wzrostu.
    Źródło:
    Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2015, 22, 2; 195-203
    1898-6188
    2084-4530
    Pojawia się w:
    Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol Agent against Tomato and Pepper Disease: A review
    Autorzy:
    Habtamu, Mekonnen
    Lamenew, Fenta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031675.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biocontrol
    Capsicum annuum
    Phytopathogens
    Plant Growth Promotin Rhizobacteria
    Solanum lycopersicum
    Opis:
    Tomato and pepper are some of the most important and widely grown vegetable crops in the world. Like many other vegetables and fruits, tomato and pepper are threatened by biotic and abiotic stresses. Conventional agricultural practices frequently rely on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides that have adverse effects on humans, animals and environments. In this situation, the use of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can better crop yield, as these are vital components of soil fertility and plant growth promotion, moreover, they can display antagonistic effects against phytopathogens. Under such circumstances, knowledge about the local bacterial populations, their identification, and their implications for improving management practices (vis-a-vis plant growth promotion and destruction of plant diseases) is very important. Recent advances in microbial and molecular techniques have significantly contributed to introducing many different bacterial genera into soils, onto seeds, roots, tubers or other planting materials to control disease and improve productivity. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria have been generally applied to high value crops like tomato and pepper. Thus, this review is intended to summaries the literature on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for growth promotion potential and biocontrol agent against tomato and pepper disease.
    Źródło:
    World News of Natural Sciences; 2020, 28; 13-23
    2543-5426
    Pojawia się w:
    World News of Natural Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    First report of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Luffa cylindrica in Egypt and its control
    Autorzy:
    Elgamal, N.G.
    Khalil, M.S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082755.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    biocompost
    biocontrol
    essential oil
    Luffa cylindrica
    Podosphaera xanthii
    powdery mildew
    Opis:
    Luffa cylindrica M. Roem, is commonly called sponge gourd or Egyptian cucumber. In September 2018, several plants showing symptoms of powdery mildew were observed in some fields at different locations in Egypt. Identification and pathogenicity tests indicated that the causal fungus of powdery mildew disease of luffa cylindrica was Podosphaera xan thii. Results of surveyed luffa plants grown at different field localities of northern Egypt, for powdery mildew disease incidence revealed that the maximum record (57.33%) of dis- ease occurrence was recorded in some fields belonging to Beheira governorate followed by, Alexandria and Sharqia (53.67% and 48.00%, respectively). Meanwhile, fewer occurrences were observed in Kafer El-Sheekh governorate (45.33%). We applied biocontrol agents as a foliar spray against powdery mildew in vitro and under field conditions. The effects of some essential oils, organic acid and bioproducts were also studied. All treatments sig- nificantly reduced P. xanthii compared to untreated plants. Chaetomium globosum and Sac charomyces cerevisiae alone or grown on rice straw and/or bagas showed highly reduced disease incidence compared to the other treatment. From the present study it could be suggested that the usage of biocontrol formulated on rice straw might be used as an easily applied, safe and cost effective control method against powdery mildew diseases.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2020, 60, 3; 311-319
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Control of Mould Spoilage on Apples Using Yeasts as Biological Control Agents
    Autorzy:
    Gomomo, Zukisani
    Fanadzo, Morris
    Mewa-Ngongang, Maxwell
    Hoff, Justin
    Van der Rijst, Marieta
    Okudoh, Vincent
    Kriel, Johan
    du Plessis, Heinrich W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-05-31
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Rozrodu Zwierząt i Badań Żywności Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    mould spoilage
    fungicides
    postharvest control
    biocontrol agents (BCAs)
    apples
    yeast
    Opis:
    Considerable quantities of fruit are lost during pre- and post-harvest stages due to mould spoilage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of selected yeasts against spoilage mould Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum and Alternaria alstroemeriae. One hundred and four yeast isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against B. cinerea, P. expansum and A. alstroemeriae using radial inhibition, dual and mouth-to-mouth plate assays. Sixty-seven out of 104 yeasts showed growth inhibition activity against P. expansum, while 36 yeasts inhibited B. cinerea, 47 yeasts inhibited A. alstroemeriae, but only 22 yeasts showed inhibition activity against all three moulds. Candida pyralidae Y63, Meyerozyma guilliermondii Y88 and Zygoascus hellenicus Y89 showed highest inhibition activity against all three moulds, when mode of inhibition was due to direct contact. Volatile organic compounds produced by Pichia kluyveri Y64, C. pyralidae Y63 and M. guilliermondii Y88 showed the highest growth inhibition against all three moulds. These yeasts were also evaluated against all three moulds on apples. P. kluyveri Y64 showed 100%, 57% and 26% growth inhibition against A. alstroemeriae, B. cinerea and P. expansum, respectively, on apples and performed slightly better than a commercial fungicide against B. cinerea and P. expansum. While M. guillermondii Y88 showed 100%, 60% and 18% inhibition on apples against A. alstroemeriae, B. cinerea and P. expansum, respectively. P. kluyveri Y64 and M. guilliermondii Y88 showed potential as biofungicides and warrant further investigation.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences; 2022, 72, 2; 119-128
    1230-0322
    2083-6007
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Molecular typing, biodiversity, and biological control of endophytic fungi of Triticum aestivum L. against phytopathogenic fungi of wheat
    Autorzy:
    Hassanein, N.M.
    El-Gendy, M.M.A.A.
    Abdelhameed, N.M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    endophyte fungi
    biocontrol agent
    phytopathogenic fungi
    green house
    root rot disease
    Opis:
    The current study aimed to evaluate the biodiversity and antagonistic potential of 22 endophytic fungal species belonging to 10 endophytic genera, namely Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Gliocladium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Pochonia, Scopulariopsis, and Stachybotrys, along with 2 morphospecies of mycelia, namely a yellow sterile septate mycelium (YSSM) and a dark sterile septate mycelium (DSSM), living within healthy Triticum aestivum L. against nine wheat pathogenic fungi identified as Alternaria alternata, Alternaria cichorii, Alternaria dianthi, Alternaria sonchi, Aspergillus petrakii, Curvularia penniseti, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium semitectum, and Fusarium solani obtained from naturally infected plants. The highest count and frequency in T. aestivum were recorded for Fusarium subglutinans (n = 81 and Rf = 34.91%) followed by DSSM (n = 32 and Rf = 13.79%). In vitro DSSM studies showed the highest antagonistic activity of 56.52% reduction against A. petrakii, while F. subglutinans inhibited F. semitectum by 72.97%. These two endophytic isolates were then selected as fungal bioagents to control root rot disease in wheat caused by A. petrakii and F. semitectum under greenhouse conditions. Wheat plants growing from seeds inoculated with DSSM were more resistant to root rot disease in soil infected with A. petrakii, and they showed reduced root rot severity percentage (15.56%) and disease index (0.27) compared to the values of 40% and 1.13, respectively, for these parameters in untreated plants. Furthermore, treatment of seeds with F. subglutinans before planting in soil infected with F. semitectum reduced the disease severity percentage and the disease index from 50% and 2.20 to 20% and 0.47, respectively. These endophytic fungi also markedly increased the growth parameters (length, fresh weight, and dry weight of shoots and roots) of wheat plants growing in soils infected with these phytopathogens. The present study showed that wheat is a promising ecological niche for different fungal endophytes that assist their host plants to survive and resist the harmful effects of phytopathogenic fungi, improve wheat growth, and develop fungal strains as biological control solutions against wheat diseases.
    Źródło:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2020, 101, 4; 283-299
    0860-7796
    Pojawia się w:
    BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of loose kernel smut caused by Sporisorium cruentum onrhizomes of Sorghum halepense
    Autorzy:
    Astiz Gassó, Marta Monica
    Lovisolo, Marcelo
    Perelló, Analia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/961639.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    biocontrol
    host-pathogen interactions
    johnson grass
    kernel smut
    smut
    systemic diseases
    Opis:
    Th e eff ect of loose kernel smut fungus Sporisorium cruentum on Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) was investigated in vitro and in greenhouse experiments. Smut infection induced a decrease in the dry matter of rhizomes and aerial vegetative parts of the plants evaluated. Moreover, the diseased plants showed a lower height than controls. The infection resulted in multiple smutted buds that caused small panicles infected with the fungus. In addition, changes were observed in the structural morphology of the host. Leaf tissue sections showed hyphae degrading chloroplasts and vascular bundles colonized by the fungus. Subsequently, cells collapsed and widespread necrosis was observed as a symptom of the disease. Th e pathogen did not colonize the gynoecium of Sorghum plants until the tassel was fully developed. The sporulation process of the fungus led to a total disintegration of anthers and tissues. When panicles were inspected before emergence, fungal hyphae were observed on floral primord. Histological sections of panicles showed fungal hyphae located in the parenchyma tissue and the nodal area. Infection occurred in the floral primordium before the tassel had fully developed and emerged from the flag leaf. Grains were replaced by sori surrounded by a thin membrane that usually was broken before or after the emergence of the panicle. The results, together with the significant decrease of the dry matter of rhizomes and seeds of S. halepense, suggest that S. cruentum could be considered as a potential biocontrol agent in the integrated management of this weed.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 1
    1427-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Plant Protection Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biocontrol of Timber Decaying Fungi by Botanical Pesticides an Ecofreindly Technology
    Autorzy:
    Nagadesi, Praveen Kumar
    Arya, Arun
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190214.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Timber decay
    Biocontrol
    Plant Extracts
    Ecofriendly Technology
    Lenzites rot
    Ganoderma rot
    Schizophyllum rot
    Opis:
    Timber is one of the longest-used building materials for various types of structures, and has been used in the construction of both historical and modern structures. Timer decay is caused by primarily enzymatic activities of microorganisms. The eco-friendly management of timber degrading fungi is tried by using plant extracts, oils and gels. In most of the fungi 25% methanolic extract was more effective than 5 and 10% concentrations. Lenzites sterioides was completely inhibited by 5% leaf extract of P. Juliflora and 10% leaf extracts of Prosopis, Cymbopogon and Datura at 25% concentration. Oils and gels of Cymbopogon citrates, Anacardium occidentale L., Gossypium barbadensis L., Linum usitatissimum L., Aloe vera L., and Aloe ferox Mill. were used to control the timber degrading fungi. Out of four oils cashew nut shell oil was most effective followed by cotton seed oil. Of the two Aloe gels tried the A. ferox gel showed better results than A. vera. For the first time the biocontrol of L. sterioides T. pini and S. commune, by botanical pesticides was reported. For the first time the biocontrol of L. sterioides T. pini S. commune, G. lucidum, and S. hirsutum by Oils and gels was reported.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2016, 44; 206-223
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Schyłek ery antybiotyków? Przykłady działań alternatywnych dla antybiotyków
    The end of the age of antibiotics? Alternatives to overcoming bacterial resistance
    Autorzy:
    Urban-Chmiel, Renata
    Pyzik, Ewelina
    Dec, Marta
    Puchalski, Andrzej
    Marek, Agnieszka
    Stępień-Pyśniak, Dagmara
    Nowaczek, Anna
    Herman, Klaudia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22412083.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Krajowa Izba Lekarsko-Weterynaryjna
    Tematy:
    leczenie
    antybiotyki
    bakteriofagi
    peptydy kationowe
    probiotyki
    zastosowanie
    zwierzęta
    zamienniki antybiotyków
    nanocząstki
    antibiotics
    animals
    bacteriophages
    biocontrol
    cationic peptides
    nanoparticles
    probiotics
    Opis:
    The „golden age” of antibiotics seems to be coming to an end. The effect of uncontrolled distribution of chemotherapeutic agents in animal production is the commonly growing phenomenon of dramatic drug resistance in bacterial populations. At the end of the 20th century, the repeated failures to effectively control of bacterial infections have initiated the introduction of legislative procedures to limit the use of antibiotics, especially as feed additives in animals. The next step was the developing of alternative for antibiotics to control bacteria, with particular emphasis on natural substances as extracts and oils obtained from plants, which have been used against Gram – positive and Gram – negative bacteria, as well as Candida fungi. These are cationic peptides stabilized by cysteine (defensins and cathelicidins) – identified both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Other examples are the nanoparticles, especially silver, gold or platinum. The use of bacteriophages as natural anti-bacterial agents, which bactericidal effect has been demonstrated in numerous experimental therapies in humans and animals, also deserves special emphasis. In this article scientific approaches to novel antibacterial therapies were presented and briefly discussed. As a consequence of the threat of widespread and global growth of multi-resistant bacteria there is a strong need to develop of alternative for antibiotics in elimination of multidrug resistant pathogens.
    Źródło:
    Życie Weterynaryjne; 2022, 97, 07; 445-450
    0137-6810
    Pojawia się w:
    Życie Weterynaryjne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Patogenne lęgniowce z rodzaju Phytophthora - nowe zagrożenie lasów w Europie
    Pathogenic oomycetes of Phytophthora genus - a new threat to forests in Europe
    Autorzy:
    Ajchler, M.
    Łobocka, M.
    Oszako, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/986789.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    zagrozenia drzewostanow
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    legniowce
    Oomycetes
    Phytophthora
    fytoftoroza
    identyfikacja
    epidemiologia
    Phytophthora alni
    Phytophthora cactorum
    Phytophthora cambivora
    Phytophthora cinnamomi
    Phytophthora citrophthora
    Phytophthora quercina
    Phytophthora plurivora
    Phytophthora ramorum
    ochrona lasu
    zwalczanie chorob roslin
    oomycetes
    phytophthora
    molecular typing
    plant pathogens
    biocontrol
    Opis:
    Pathogenic oomycetes represented mainly by the species of Phytophthora genus are among the most dangerous plant pathogens. They pose a serious threat for agricultural as well as wild plants, and are involved in forest decline worldwide. Over 140 pathogenic Phytophthora species have been identified so far. The common infection symptoms include rotting of below− and above− ground parts of plants, causing weakness and slow decline of infected trees. The economic losses caused by certain Phytophthora species may rich even 100%. Globalization and border opening have facilitated the transport of plant material between countries and continents, thus increased the risk of transfer of various Phytophthora genus representatives to new geographical locations. Global warming (e.g. mild winters) have facilitated the expansion of species from southern to northern Europe. Among Polish Phytophthora isolates are species that have previously been known only in nurseries (e.g. P. cactorum), but nowadays they are also isolated from forests (e.g. oak stand in the Krotoszyn Plateau). It suggests the pathway from nurseries to stands with plant for plantings and attached soil. There are also new species, that have not been isolated so far in the world (P. polonica) or found far away from Poland (P. fragaliaefolia in Japan on strawberry). The possible natural pathways are birds and water courses. In Mazowsze and Wielkopolska regions (C and W Poland) the polyphagous P. cinnamomi was found on pedunculate oaks (Quercus robur). This species causes significant damage to red oak forest in France, but also threats Jarrah forests in the Australian ecosystem (it attacks ca. 1000 species of plants). Fortunately, in addition to time consuming and laborious classic methods of Phytophthora identification, based on morphology and physiological properties, molecular methods that are based on immunological tests and chromosomal or mito− chondrial DNA markers identification have come into common use. Despite morphological similarity to true fungi, oomycetes are more closely related to diatoms and brown algae, and have several structural features that differentiate them from fungi, including the cell wall composed of cellulose instead of chitin. That is one of the reasons that fungicides have a limited use in the fight with Phytophthora infections. Additionally, type of ecological niches that are settled by pathogenic oomycetes (root remnants in soil, watercourses) hinders the chemical combating. Biocontrol, i.e. the use of interspecies interactions between microorganisms (bacteria, fungi) to limit the growth and development of pathogens, seems to be a reasonable alternative.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 10; 870-880
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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