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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 197
Tytuł:
Dyplomacja brytyjska wobec kwestii albańskiej w 1921 roku
British Diplomacy in Relation to the Albanian Issue in 1921
Autorzy:
Ławski, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/46445444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
British diplomacy
Albania
Adriatic issue
Balkans
Treaty of London (1915)
dyplomacja brytyjska
kwestia adriatycka
Bałkany
traktat londyński (1915)
Opis:
Albańczycy swoją pierwszą niepodległość uzyskali w 1913 r., w wyniku decyzji mocarstw europejskich. Wielka Wojna, a także spory wewnętrzne albańskich watażków doprowadziły do upadku suwerenności w latach 1914–1918. Podczas konferencji pokojowej w Paryżu przedstawiciele ententy oraz Stanów Zjednoczonych musieli podjąć decyzję w sprawie przyszłości Albańczyków. Kwestia ta w 1919 r. nie została rozwiązana w związku z licznymi zawirowaniami. Determinacja Albańczyków oraz sprzyjająca im sytuacja międzynarodowa sprawiły, iż zaczęli wyrzucać obce wojska ze swojego kraju, a także domagać się akcesu do Ligi Narodów. Artykuł ma zadanie zaprezentować postawę dyplomacji brytyjskiej wobec problemu uznania Albanii.
Albanians gained their first independence in 1913, as a result of the decision of European powers. The Great War, as well as internal disputes among Albanian warlords, led to the collapse of sovereignty in 1914–1918. During the Paris Peace Conference, representatives of the Entente and the United States had to make a decision about the future of Albanians. This issue was not resolved in 1919 due to numerous issues. The determination of the Albanians and the favorable situation in the international scene meant that they began to expel foreign troops from their country and demand accession to the League of Nations. The article aims to present the attitude of British diplomacy towards the problem of recognizing sovereign Albania.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2024, 115; 81-113
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eastern Promise and EU Integration: Deciphering the Strategic Implications of External Influences in the Western Balkans
Autorzy:
Turčalo, Sead
Smajić, Mirza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53706460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Geopolitical Pluralism
EU Enlargement Process
Western Balkans
Russia
China
Turkey
External Infuences
Opis:
The Western Balkans, which include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia, are important geopolitical entities that serve as a conduit and battleground for influence between the European Union (EU) and external powers such as Russia, China, and Turkey. This article explores the complexities of EU integration in the Western Balkans, emphasising significant external influences from those global actors. The primary research problem focuses on how these influences manifest politically, economically, and culturally along with their implications for the region’s EU accession efforts. The analysis demonstrates that the EU’s approach to enlargement is increasingly influenced by geopolitical imperatives rather than purely political and economic reforms. Given the involvement of many external actors, the EU must devise a sophisticated policy that strikes a balance between advancing democratic ideals and addressing strategic security concerns. The article emphasises the EU’s urgent need to accelerate integration as a “geostrategic investment” (European Commission, 2018), with the goal of stabilising its periphery and countering these external forces. Finally, the article claims that successful EU integration for the Western Balkans depends on efficiently controlling external impacts and strengthening institutional resilience. The findings call for a diverse EU policy that blends geopolitical pragmatism with democratic governance to ensure the region’s inclusion into the European framework. This strategic balance is critical for maintaining stability and promoting long-term development in the Western Balkans in the face of competing global interests.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 105-123
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Accession of Western Balkan States: The Role of CEFTA and WTO Membership
Autorzy:
Skrynka, Dmytro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53694812.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
International Law
International Trade
International Dispute
Balkans
Kosovo
Serbia
Opis:
The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) is known to have positively affected the EU accession of several central and eastern European states. The fairly modest progress of EU accessions of Western Balkan states is in stark contrast to the processes of the EU accession of the parties to the original version of CEFTA. This article analyses the role of WTO membership as an external factor determining the efficacy of CEFTA in advancing the process of EU integration in the Western Balkans (2007–2024). The article identifies two key advantages of WTO membership in the context of CEFTA’s role in the process of EU accession. The first advantage is related to the use of WTO dispute settlement to ensure compliance with standards either identical or similar to those established by CEFTA. The second advantage is based on the relatively new WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), aimed at eliminating many of the barriers to international trade, which happen to be the key problems as regards regional economic integration in the Western Balkans. The article concludes that WTO membership could play a decisive role for the coordinated and efficient process of the European integration of Western Balkan states on the basis of CEFTA.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 143-158
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka papiestwa w Europie Środkowej i na Bałkanach w okresie działalności Konstantyna i Metodego w państwie morawskim oraz misjonarzy łacińskich w Bułgarii
The policy of the Holy See in Central Europe and the Balkans during the activities of Constantine and Methodius in the Moravian state and the Latin missionaries in Bulgaria
Autorzy:
Polek, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32395583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Central Europe and the Balkans in the 9th century
papacy
Carolingian and Byzantine Empires
Cyril and Methodius
Sancta Ecclesia Marabensis
Europa Środkowa i Bałkany w IX w.
papiestwo
Bizancjum
Karolingowie
państwo morawskie
Bułgaria
Konstantyn i Metody
Opis:
The subject of the article is the policy of the Holy See during the pontificates of Nicholas I, Hadrian II and John VIII with regard to countries in Central Europe and the Balkans. It was the result of the complex relations between the papacy and the Carolingians, the Byzantine Empire as well as the Slavic states. The Moravian rulers (Rostislav and Sviatopluk) and, Boris-Michael, the Khan of Bulgaria, used the interest of the Holy Sees diplomacy in these regions to implement their own ecclesiastical and political plans. An analysis of mutual diplomatic contacts shows more interest in Boris-Michaels state in the diplomatic activity of the papacy than in the Moravian state. The change in the policy of the Holy See took place after the fiasco of making the Bulgarian state dependent on the Church, as well as with the deterioration of relations with the East Frankish monarchy (in ecclesiastical and political matters). This contributed to the growing importance of the Moravian state in the diplomatic activities of Rome in Central Europe (the Gloria in excelsis Deo papal bull).
Źródło:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2024, 2(41); 13-70
2084-1213
Pojawia się w:
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protection of Workers’ Rights in Bankruptcy Proceeding in Serbian and Western Balkans Legislation
Autorzy:
Mijatović, Marija
Vavan, Zoran
Gajinov, Tamara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53692938.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Protection of Workers’ Rights
Bankruptcy
Republic of Serbia
Law Harmonisation
Western Balkans
Bankruptcy Legislation
Opis:
The protection of workers’ rights in bankruptcy proceedings is a matter of supreme importance in every country. Comparing national laws, one could conclude that the predominant solution is to grant workers the position of privileged creditors. In Serbia, workers are protected by means of two laws: the Labour Law, which is the lex generalis for this area, and the Bankruptcy Law, which has the role of lex specialis. In addition to protection during bankruptcy proceedings before commercial courts, workers can appeal to the state’s national guarantee institution, namely, the Solidarity Fund. Serbia is, therefore, among the countries which employ a mixed – protectionist system. By analysing the legal solutions related to these issues, the authors want to determine the correlation between national legal solutions and those at the European Union level, and to consider the problems in bringing these claims in legal practice. They have also reviewed the current legislation in some Western Balkans countries including Croatia as a member of the EU, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which has candidate status akin to Serbia. The authors conclude that Serbian law has a modern, hybrid approach in securing the rights of workers in bankruptcy proceedings, but that there is room for improving regulations in this area. This could be achieved by, inter alia, increasing the volume of claims guaranteed to workers, restricting the reasons for initiating bankruptcy proceedings, making preliminary payments to workers in the initial stages of the proceedings, and keeping court records on the percentage of workers’ claims being realised in bankruptcy proceedings.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 249-261
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Realism and Multipolarity in the XXI Century. Challenges for the Balkans
Autorzy:
Babić, Marko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53711290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Realism
Multipolarity
Balkans
China
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to offer an insight into the phenomenon of multipolarity, a phenomenon that appeared on the global scene after the end of a unipolar moment that has lasted since the early 1990s. The paper is an attempt to present the main thesis of multipolarity as well as the correlation between multipolarity and realism as a theory in international relations. For this purpose, the most important explanatory achievements of realism have been reviewed. This was a springboard for analysing one of the world players and an active participant of the new multipolar order in the form of China, using all the realist instruments suggested, in its relations with selected countries of the Balkan region.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 9-25
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of a New Geopolitical Environment on the Peace and Security of the Western Balkans
Autorzy:
Najetović, Džemal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53703764.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Western Balkans
Peace
Security
International Law
International Relations
Opis:
Trends in the EU and NATO are certainly a part of global international efforts and communications along with being integral parts of the actions of those progressive forces that strive towards global peace, security, and social progress. Therefore, European trends cannot be taken out of the global context of international relationships or any other efforts to make positive changes in the world. The countries of the Western Balkans are faced with important political, economic, and security challenges, and should support one another in the process of their accessions to the EU and NATO and create the necessary conditions for the development of a better European defense and security relevant as regards the security interests of NATO. As part of democracy and humanity, their friends should help in the building of a safer geopolitical environment. In the search of a better solution, it is recommended to focus on the values and goals of all citizens and peoples of the Western Balkans. This primarily includes dignified living in a modern, prosperous, and democratic country. A country of this kind in the Western Balkans can exist only by being fully integrated in the European and global organisations and by respecting contemporary global standards. The future of the countries of the Western Balkans cannot rely on negative, narrow-minded concepts or approaches. Their future should be founded on universal human values. And not only the future of the Western Balkans, but the entire region where it is situated. All of us should understand that happiness and prosperity of one people in this region should not be built upon the misfortune of others.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 57-71
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Main Security Challenges and Threats in the Western Balkans and Possible Model for Solving Them in the Process of European Integration
Autorzy:
Tahirović, Mehmedin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53709975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Western Balkans
Rusia
Disinformation
EU
NATO
US
Berlin Process
Opis:
In a narrower sense, within the geo-political jargon of the European Union, the term “Western Balkans” is used alongside the term “Southeast Europe”. The Western Balkans encompasses the former Yugoslav countries of Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, and Kosovo, excluding Slovenia but including Albania. After the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, objective reasons emerged that prompted the need for new forms of cooperation between the new and existing countries in order to promote reconciliation and stabilise the Western Balkans. NATO and the EU played a predominant role in this process, along with certain Member States of these international organisations. The aggression by Russia against Ukraine on 24th February 2022, the situation in the Middle East, and the complexity of relations between China and the United States regarding Taiwan have compelled all European countries to recognise that these conflicts pose an immediate threat to European security. Analysing the foreign policy aspects and their impact on regional security, it is essential to highlight that the Western Balkans is characterised by weak governance, a fragile civil society, and geopolitical disputes. These internal and regional factors make the region highly susceptible to local and external disinformation campaigns. On the other hand, China represents a significant global partner for Serbia, and it is important to point out that since 2016, investments from China have been accelerating and also that in the period from 2016 to 2023, about 96% of the total investments were made, a total of 5.3 billion euros, and that in each of those years, China was among the five most important investors in Serbia (Politika, 7th May 2024). As the most influential state economically and politically in the Western Balkans, Serbia has the potential to influence other countries in the region toward alternative centres of power. The latest NATO Strategic Concept, adopted in Madrid in 2022, emphasises the strategic importance of the Western Balkans and the Black Sea region for the Alliance, and NATO has expressed its readiness to continue supporting the Euro-Atlantic aspirations of interested countries in these regions. The Berlin Process (BP) is an intergovernmental initiative aimed at connecting the Western Balkan countries (WB6) with the European Union and facilitating the development of mutual relations based on European values. The focus of the process lies in high-level cooperation between WB6 officials and their EU partners. It also involves EU institutions, international financial institutions, civil society, youth, and businesses in the region. One of the significant advantages of the Berlin Process is the financing of planned and assumed commitments from EU funds, unlike most other initiatives where states finance their participation from their own budgets.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2024, 28, 3; 27-55
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Between Barbarism and Civilization: The Image of the Inhabitants of Dalmatia under Napoleon (1806–1813) from the French Perspective in the Mediterranean Context
Między barbarzyństwem a cywilizacją – obraz mieszkańców Dalmacji pod rządami Napoleona (1806–1813) w perspektywie francuskiej w kontekście Śródziemnomorza
Autorzy:
Sajkowski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Dalmacja
Bałkany
Prowincje Iliryjskie
Śródziemnomorze
historia idei
Dalmatia
Balkans
Illyrian Provinces
Mediterranean
history of ideas
Opis:
The article analyzes the image of the population of Dalmatia in the Napoleonic era. The analysis is mainly based on documents produced by the French administration of Dalmatia between 1806 and 1813, when the province was first part of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy and from 1809 belonged to a separate entity of the French Empire, the Illyrian Provinces. The study analyzes the picture of Dalmatian society that the French drew for practical administrative purposes and places it in the broader context of the concepts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe and, in particular, the environmental and historical peculiarities of the Mediterranean region. The article shows that the tensions between the settled population on the coast and the semi-nomadic pastoral communities in the Dalmatian hinterland, which was a characteristic phenomenon of the Mediterranean world, had a great influence, at least in the Dalmatian context, on the formation of ideas that later became part of the image of Balkan backwardness and other ideas about the Balkan region that took shape in the Age of Enlightenment. 
Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu analizę wizerunku ludności Dalmacji pod panowaniem francuskim w epoce napoleońskiej. Analiza ta opiera się głównie na dokumentach wytworzonych przez francuską administrację Dalmacji w latach 1806–1813, kiedy to prowincja była najpierw częścią napoleońskiego Królestwa Włoch, a od 1809 r. częścią odrębnego podmiotu Cesarstwa Francuskiego, Prowincji Iliryjskich. Niniejsze studium analizuje obraz społeczeństwa dalmatyńskiego stworzony przez Francuzów dla praktycznych celów zarządzania i zestawia go z szerszym kontekstem idei Bałkanów, Europy Wschodniej i przede wszystkim środowiskowych i historycznych uwarunkowań Śródziemnomorza. Artykuł wykazuje, że zjawiska napięć, które występowały między osiadłą ludnością wybrzeża a pół-koczowniczymi społecznościami pasterskimi wnętrza Dalmacji, co było charakterystycznym zjawiskiem świata śródziemnomorskiego, miały – przynajmniej w kontekście dalmatyńskim – ogromny wpływ na pojawienie się idei, które później stały się częścią obrazu bałkańskiego zacofania i innych koncepcji dotyczących regionu Bałkanów, które miały kształtować się głównie w epoce Oświecenia.
Źródło:
Colloquia Humanistica; 2023, 12; 1-16
2081-6774
2392-2419
Pojawia się w:
Colloquia Humanistica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Building a Geopolitical European Union After Russia’s Attack on Ukraine: The Valuable Tool of Enlargement
Autorzy:
Dionysiou, Evita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52566873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Treaty on European Union
Article 49
Enlargement Process
Accession
Qualified Majority Voting
Russia
Ukraine
War
Western
Balkans
Opis:
Russia’s attack on Ukraine is a watershed moment that forced the EU to confront its weaknesses and reshuffle its priorities. In this context, the war brought back at the top of the EU’s agenda the enlargement process. In light of these developments, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the war on the EU’s enlargement process and to demonstrate that enlargement policy has acquired a greater geopolitical value than ever before. The paper begins with a historical overview of the challenges that have defined the enlargement process and have led to a deadlock, demonstrating that the war can provide impetus for the revival of the stagnant enlargement process. The discussion proceeds, in turn, to the pros and cons of further expansion of the EU. A pro-enlargement position is adopted, arguing that enlargement is a valuable tool for the transformation of the Union into a real geopolitical actor. Finally, the paper builds upon the previous analysis and proposes ways of adjusting the enlargement process to the new challenges created by the war. To conclude, the paper argues that Russia’s aggression can reinvigorate the enlargement process, which in turn can strengthen the EU’s role on the geopolitical chessboard. The stakes are too high and the EU cannot afford to lose the momentum.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2023, 27, 2; 7-26
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Byron’s Use of Language in Description of East/West and its Albanian Reception
Język Byrona w opisie Wschodu/Zachodu i jego odbiór wśród Albańczyków
Autorzy:
Krasniqi, Seniha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33323108.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
George Gordon Byron
Albania
East/West
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
Balkans
language
culture
Wschód/Zachód
Wędrówki Childe Harolda
Bałkany
język
kultura
Opis:
In this paper, using a hermeneutic approach, I discuss G. G. Byron’s use of language in describing the socio-political and geographical issues of the countries he visited during his travels in Europe, primarily with regard to Albania. I show that in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Byron depicted Albanian scenery in an attempt to create homophily. I also analyse the Albanian reception of the English poet’s vision. I justify the relevance of incorporating Byron’s position on Albania into the consciousness of the Albanian people, as well as supplementing the Albanian language with the oriental vocabulary he used.
W niniejszym artykule, stosując podejście hermeneutyczne, omawiamy sposób użycia języka przez G. G. Byrona w opisie kwestii społeczno-politycznych i geograficznych krajów, które odwiedził on podczas swojej podróży po Europie, przede wszystkim w odniesieniu do Albanii. Pokazuję, że w Wędrowkach Childe Harolda Byron przedstawił albańską rzeczywistość, sugerując powinowactwo z rodzimym kontekstem kulturowym. Analizuję również albański odbiór wizji angielskiego poety. Uzasadniam zasadność włączenia do świadomości narodu albańskiego stanowiska Byrona w kwestii Albanii, jak i uzupełnienia języka albańskiego o wykorzystane przez niego orientalne słownictwo.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2023, 23
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Deosmanisation of Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1878 and 1918 on the Example of Sarajevo
Autorzy:
Lis, Tomasz Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28696589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
culture of remembrance
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878–1918
Austro-Hungarian occupation
Balkans
Opis:
In 1878, Austria-Hungary received a mandate in Berlin to exercise power in Bosnia and Herzegovina. During this period, they pursued a policy of deosmanisation and Europeanisation of the country. Vienna’s actions, however, differed significantly from the policies of neighbouring Serbia or Bulgaria, where the deosmanisation processes resulted in the partial or complete elimination of Islamic culture from the public space. Therefore, the article aims to outline the cultural policy of Austria-Hungary in Bosnia and Herzegovina, primarily in the context of the culture of remembrance, and to show the Austrian visions of the approach to the local past. The capital city of Sarajevo served as an example of this policy, where the processes mentioned above are best seen in terms of the actions of the authorities themselves, the preserved archival legacy, and professional literature.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2023, 126; 49-66
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health Professionals Wanted: The Case of Health Professionals from Western Balkan Countries to Europe
Autorzy:
Mara, Isilda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48790722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
health professionals
mobility
gravity modelling
Europe
Germany
Western Balkans
Opis:
The Western Balkan countries have been faced with a rising outward mobility of health professionals, driven by the increasing demand for this category of worker, especially in European countries. Labour-market imbalances are pushing many health professionals to leave the Western Balkan region. As a consequence, shortages of health professionals are looming and access to health services in the region is put under strain. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the recent pattern of mobility of health professionals from Western Balkan (WB) countries. A gravity model is implemented to analyse the push-and-pull factors of mobility during 2000–2019 and towards European countries. The analysis finds that income differentials between WB and European countries are strong pull factors. Additionally, policy changes in the destination countries shape the mobility patterns and several European countries, especially Germany, have benefited from the mobility of health professionals from WB countries.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 2; 33-52
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovation Potential in the Western Balkans Relative to the European Union and Selected Neighbouring Countries
Autorzy:
Grodzicki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52573943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Economic Growth
Innovation Potential
Western Balkans
European Union
Opis:
Although Western Balkan economies are still on the list of EU candidates or potential candidate countries, they do have some integration with EU economies. The EU is the leading trading partner of the Western Balkans and is one of the top destinations for the fl ow of people. The Western Balkan economies have been trying to address their populations’ ongoing emigration (the so-called “brain drain” phenomenon) by implementing targeted economic policies. Since one of the main contributors to economic growth is the ability to create innovation, it is crucial to building innovation potential. The main challenge for innovation policy is to provide a favourable environment for entrepreneurship and economic growth to create jobs. Thus, this paper aims to examine innovation potential – an innovation input – as it creates the conditions needed for innovation development. The results of analysing the data (on research and development spending, human resources, an environment friendly to innovation, and intellectual property rights) indicate that the Western Balkan countries are lagging behind the EU in many aspects of innovation potential, so they should still develop their strategies towards creating higher innovation potential. Thus, they will be able to have a higher level of innovation and, as a result, be more competitive in economic terms.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2023, 27, 3; 143-156
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kwestia tablic rejestracyjnych jako punkt zapalny w stosunkach między Serbią i Kosowem w latach 2011–2022
The license plate issue as a flashpoint in relations between Serbia and Kosovo in 2011–2022
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Sławomir
Sendek, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/17878237.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Bałkany Zachodnie
Republika Serbii
Republika Kosowa
bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe
tablice rejestracyjne
Western Balkans
Republic of Serbia
Republic of Kosovo
international security
license plates
Opis:
Sprawa tablic rejestracyjnych samochodów należących do kosowskich Serbów stała się jednym z głównych powodów eskalacji napięcia między Belgradem a Prisztiną latem 2022 r. Ze względu na groźbę wybuchu regionalnego konfliktu, w mediację między stronami zaangażowały się instytucje międzynarodowe, w tym przede wszystkim dyplomacja unijna. Stacjonujące w Kosowie oddziały międzynarodowych sił pokojowych również włączono w stabilizowanie sytuacji. Przyczyną sporu między władzami serbskimi a kosowskimi była kwestia, jakich tablic rejestracyjnych mogą używać w swoich samochodach kosowscy Serbowie. Artykuł omawia źródła problemu, wynikające z uwarunkowań historycznych oraz międzynarodowych decyzji w sprawie statusu Kosowa, przedstawia zagrożenia wynikające z braku satysfakcjonujących obydwie strony uregulowań tej kwestii, a także opisuje podejmowane w przeszłości próby rozwiązania tego problemu.
The problem of license plates issued to Kosovo Serbs became the main reason for the escalation of tensions between Belgrade and Pristina in summer 2022. Due to the threat of a regional conflict, international institutions, including EU diplomacy, became involved in mediation between both sides. The international peacekeeping troops stationed in Kosovo also contributed to stabilizing the situation. The reason for the dispute between the Serbian and Kosovo authorities is the question of which license plates Kosovo Serbs could use in their vehicles. The article describes the causes of the problem resulting from historical conditions and international decisions on the status of Kosovo. It also presents the threats resulting from the lack of mutually satisfactory regulations on this issue, and discusses the attempts made in the past to seek solutions to this problem.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2023, LI, 2; 53-65
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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