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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    The Problem of the Status of Harmony in Pythagorean Philosophy
    Autorzy:
    Świercz, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420705.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Philolaus of Croton
    Archytas of Tarentum
    harmony
    Pythagorean philosophy
    peras and apeiron
    Opis:
    RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to analyze the ontic status of harmony in Pythagorean philosophy. THE RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND METHODS: The main problem undertaken in the article is an analysis of the ontic status of harmony in Pythagorean philosophy, conducted within the context of the theory of principles. The research method is based on an analysis of source texts. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article begins with an analysis of passages from the works of Philolaus of Croton. Next, the treaty Peri archan attributed to Archytas of Tarentum is analyzed. The analysis of the source texts includes references to the main interpretative positions contained in the secondary literature. RESEARCH RESULTS: The most important result of the scientific analysis conducted here is the organization of the possible interpretations of the ontic status of harmony and indication of the main difficulties associated with them. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: In his conclusions, the author indicates interpretative possibilities resulting from the perspective taken in the article, as well as areas that require further study, concerning such issues as the relationship between Pythagorean and Orphic thought.
    Źródło:
    Horyzonty Polityki; 2019, 10, 32; 105-118
    2082-5897
    Pojawia się w:
    Horyzonty Polityki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pitagorejski model ustroju doskonałego
    Pythagorean Model Of the Perfect Political System
    Autorzy:
    Gajda-Krynicka, Janina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953971.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    utopia
    państwo doskonałe
    ustrój polityczny
    sprawiedliwość
    Platon
    pitagoreizm
    pitagoreizm hellenistyczny
    arche-zasada
    miara
    proporcja
    Archytas
    Okellos z Leukanii
    Hippodamos z Miletu
    Zaleukos
    Charondas
    Theagenes
    Euryfamos z Metapontu
    Utopia
    perfect state
    political system
    justice
    Plato
    Pythagoreanism
    Hellenistic Pythagoreanism
    arche-principle
    measure
    proportion
    Ocellus Leucanus
    Hippodamus of Miletus
    Zaleucus
    Euryphamus of Metapontum
    Opis:
    In history of philosophy the origin of the first plans of the perfect political system, called an ideal one, or – from the time Thomas More’s Utopia was published – a utopian one, is usually associated with Plato’s philosophy in which the model of the perfect state has its justification in a transcendent principle of reality: in The State – in the supersensible world of ideas; in Laws – in the world of the principles that are inaccessible to the sensual inspection, i.e. ἀρχαί. However, already Aristotle’s testimony points to the fact that the perfect state was written about long before the times of Plato. Studies of the Pythagorean philosophy that originated before Plato, allow the statement that its followers saw the imperfection of the political systems that they knew, and also they knew its causes, which they perceived in infringement by political structures of the principle of universal justice that is omnipresent in the universe. The first plans of the perfect system must have been originated already in the first, so-called old Pythagorean union; however, the state of the writings by the Pythagorean philosophers does not allow their detailed reconstruction. On the basis of fragments and the doxographic evidence that are preserved and recognized as authentic we can only infer that they thought that the state-polis as a microcosmos in its structure should imitate the structure of the universe – the model and pattern of perfection for all beings constituting the universe, which can be reduced first of all to the conviction that in all the aspects of its functioning it should be subjected to the measure, harmony and proportions determined by universal justice. We find a confirmation of such a conception of the perfect system in the collection of the so-called Pythagorean apocryphal works preserved to our times – works that were written towards the end of the 4th or at the beginning of the 3rd century B.C., and popularized under the names of “old” Pythagoreans (like Charondas, Zaleukos, Archytas of Tarentum, Ocellus, Hippodamus of Miletus, Aresas, Diotogenes, Sthenidas, Ecphantus, Euryphamus of Metapontum), transmitted by late philosophers and compilers, like Porphyrius, Iamblichus or Stobaeus. Since the standpoints of various researchers as to the dating and origin of those writings differ from one another, it should be accepted that they were written either as imitations of the old-Pythagorean writings that have not been preserved, or they developed, according to Pythagorean teaching on the principles and the universe, findings included in the so-called Πυϑαγορικὰ ὑπομνήματα. Among those apocryphal works we find a lot of writings explicitly or implicitly devoted to the question of the perfect political system: the very form of politeia, the authority, status and obligations of the ruler, laws and their sources, the status and obligations of citizens, education, ethical and moral norms. All these writings share acceptance of a definite model for the perfect system: it is the universe and its structure. According to the old-Pythagorean teaching about two principles-ἀρχαί, the universe consists of the rational principle containing proportion and measure (πέρας), and the principle devoid of this measure and proportion (ἄπειρον). In the structure of the universe the rational principle puts its measure and proportion on the irrational principle – which is manifested in the proper numerical relations, in the harmony of oppositions, in the equilibrium of coming into existence and disappearance of all the beings the universe consists of, as well as in the eternal existence and invariability of the very universe. Disturbance of the proper proportions of the structure causes its disintegration. The authors of the pseudo-Pythagorean writings perceive the causes of political upheavals and falls of states in such disturbances of the proper proportions and relations in the field of polis. Hence the perfect political system is one that in the micro scale imitates the correctness of the structure of the universe, which should be manifested in proper relations between the ruler or the authority and the citizens, and in passing proper laws that should be a “translation” of the law of universal justice into the language of human decisions in citizens’ ethical and moral actions. Hence Pythagorean apocryphal works are a proof that long before Plato philosophers wrote about the perfect political system.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2004, 52, 3; 55-96
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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