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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 86
Tytuł:
On Modelling AM/AM and AM/PM Conversions via Volterra Series
Autorzy:
Borys, A.
Sieńko, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AM/AM conversions
AM/PM conversions
nonlinear distortion
power amplifiers
Volterra series
Opis:
In this paper, we present the expressions, not published up to now, that describe the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions of communication power amplifiers (PAs) via the Volterra series based nonlinear transfer functions. Furthermore, we present a necessary and sufficient condition of occurrence of the nonzero values of AM/PM conversion in PAs. Moreover, it has been shown that Saleh’s approach and related ones, which foresee nonzero level of AM/PM conversion, are not models without memory. It has been also shown that using a polynomial description of a PA does not lead to a nonzero AM/PM conversion. Moreover, a necessary condition of occurrence of an AM/AM conversion in this kind of modelling is existence of at least one nonzero polynomial coefficient associated with its odd terms of degree greater than one.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2016, 62, 3; 267-272
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Correct Understanding and Classification of Saleh’s and Related Models of AM/AM and AM/PM Conversions
Autorzy:
Borys, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Saleh's model of AM/AM
Saleh's model of AM/PM
conversions
classifications
power amplifiers
memory effect
Opis:
In this paper, some of the existing classifications of the Saleh’s and related models of the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions occurring in communication power amplifiers (PA) are reviewed. It is shown that these classifications are inconsistent and must be refined. Obviously, carrying out such a refinement properly needs a good knowledge and correct understanding of the mechanisms leading to the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions. This was achieved in this paper by performing a thorough analysis of the PA behavior using an analytical tool, the Volterra series. The main points of this analysis are presented here in great detail. Among others, it is shown that the influence of the PA memory on the AM/PM conversion is two-fold: direct and indirect. The former can be however fully neglected. On the other hand, the indirect influence caused by “the interaction of the carrier with the PA memory” cannot be neglected when the PA has not enough wideband frequency characteristics. The latter effect mentioned causes changes in the carrier phase that are received as the phase changes of the baseband modulating signal.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 1; 39-44
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quadrature Mapping, Saleh’s Representation, and Memory Models
Autorzy:
Borys, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AM/AM conversions
AM/PM conversions
quadrature model
Saleh's representation
power amplifiers
Volterra series
memory effect
Opis:
In the literature, Saleh’s description of the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions occurring in communication power amplifiers (PAs) is classified as a representation without memory. We show here that this view must be revised. The need for such revision follows from the fact that the Saleh’s representation is based on the quadrature mapping which, as we show here, can be expanded in a Volterra series different from an usual Taylor series. That is the resulting Volterra series possesses the nonlinear impulse responses in form of sums of ordinary functions and multidimensional Dirac impulses multiplied by coefficients being real numbers. This property can be also expressed, equivalently, by saying that the nonlinear transfer functions associated with the aforementioned Volterra series are complex-valued functions. In conclusion, the above means that the Saleh’s representation incorporates memory effects.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2016, 62, 4; 389-394
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wizje posłaniem Boga do narodu wybranego (Am 7, 1-3. 4-6. 7-9; 8, 1-3; 9, 1-4)
Autorzy:
Witaszek, Gabriel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Wizje
Am 7
1-3
4-6
7-9
Am 8
Am 9
1-4
visions
Opis:
II nucleo originale del libro di Amos sembra essere stato costituito dalia raccolta delle sue visioni. II numero di cinque, suddivise in tre gruppi, sono attualmente contenute nel’ultima parte del libro: le prime tre al capitolo 7, la quarta al capitolo 8, la quinta al capitolo 9. Le prime tre visioni sono costruite secondo lo stesso schema. Iniziano con una formula identica: „Ecco quello che mi ha fatto vedere il Signore Jahvè”. La rivelazione e dunque data dall’oggetto o dalla realtà che il profeta vede. Nella prima di queste rivelazioni 1'oggetto e molto semplice: si tratta del formarsi di uno sciame di cavallette che invade la campagna. L'oggetto della seconda e piu difiicile da definire: si tratta di un Aipęp che divora il territorio di Israel|ij;fuoco di tale portata che prosciuga anche l’abisso primordiale. Alla vista di questi fenomeni Amos intercede per Israele e la minaccia espressa dalla visione non si effettua. La terza visione si distingue dalle precedenti. Il profeta non è solo posto in presenza di un oggetto, ma viene interrogato da Dio su ció che vede. Si parla di un oggetto di misurazione (filo a piombo, livello), di un uomo e di un muro. I’interpretazione più probabile è che si tratti della misurazione del muro stesso da parte di uno sconosciuto. Amos vedrebbe insomma qualquno intento a controllare la perpendicolarità da un muro con uno strumento quale il filo a piombo. Amos non intercede più per il popolo ma tace di fronte alla sentenza di condanna. La quarta visione riprende lo schema della terza visione. Il profeta si trova in presenza di un oggetto, in questo caso un cesto di frutta, e viene interrogato da Jahvè con la già nota domanda: „Chi vedi?”. II senso della visione è espresso in questo caso nel gioco di parole tra i termini „maturo” e „fine”. La quinta visione costituisce invece un caso a sè. Il profeta si trova in presenza di Jahvè stesso nel tempio, in vicinanza dell’altare; il tempio viene colpito dal terremoto e sembra precipitare su tutti i presenti uccidendoli. Alla distruzione del tempio fa seguito un ampio oracolo in cui Jahvè illustra il signifcato di questa condanna.
Źródło:
The Biblical Annals; 2001, 48, 1; 37-52
2083-2222
2451-2168
Pojawia się w:
The Biblical Annals
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Symulacyjna aproksymacja charakterystyki przetwarzania flickermetru dla modulacji amplitudy i częstotliwości
Simulation approximation of flickermeter conversion characteristic for amplitude and frequency modulation
Autorzy:
Majchrzak, J.
Wiczyński, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/156720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
flikermetr
wskaźnik Pst
modulacja AM
modulacja FM
flickermeter
Pst indicator
FM modulation
AM modulation
Opis:
Flickermetr jest potoczną nazwą układu pomiarowego przeznaczonego do oceny odczuwania migotania światła wywołanego wahaniami napięcia. Normatywna charakterystyka przetwarzania flickermetru jest określona mało licznym zestawem par wartości głębokości modulacji i częstotliwości harmonicznego lub prostokątnego sygnału modulującego dla modulacji amplitudy napięcia wejściowego. Wielkością wyjściową jest wskaźnik krótkookresowego migotania światła Pst. W celu dokładniejszego odtworzenia charakterystyki przeprowadzono badania symulacyjne dla modulacji amplitudy i częstotliwości napięcia wejściowego. Zamodelowano elementy toru normatywnego flickermetru, tj. filtry o stałych parametrach zapisane w postaci operatorowej wraz z multiplikatorami, narzędzie do wyznaczania wartości Pst, źródło sygnału testowego oraz narzędzia do prezentacji i archiwizacji wyników badań. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych zrealizowanych przy pomocy standardowych przebiegów testowych dla modulacji amplitudy AM oraz częstotliwości FM. Zamieszczono specyficzne fragmenty wyznaczonych charakterystyk oraz przykład wpływu ograniczenia pasma napięcia wejściowego na wynik pomiaru flickermetrem dla modulacji FM. Wyniki symulacji porównano z nielicznymi punktami normatywnymi. Sformułowano uwagi przydatne w diagnostyce flickermetru.
Flickermeter is a measurement system for estimation of the disturbances coming from flickering of light caused by the fluctuations of voltage. The disturbances are described on the basis of values of short-term coefficient Pst and long-term coefficient Plt of light flickers. The flickermeter system considered in the paper consists of two main components: a signal channel simulating perception processes in the chain: light source-eye-brain and a statistics module. Signal chains action is a map for bounded number of standard points of characteristic conversion. The simulation works with realization interpolation and extrapolation standard points was advisable. Presented results come from tests for AM and FM modulation.Before using the results, the verification was necessary. The conclusions formulated are useful in flickermeter's diagnostic.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 9 bis, 9 bis; 629-632
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vibrational Modes in Si$\text{}_{x}$Ge$\text{}_{1-x}$ Alloys: Temperature and Compositional Dependence
Autorzy:
Lorenc, M.
Humlíček, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1968341.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.Am
63.20.Dj
Opis:
We report infrared absorption spectra of crystalline Si$\text{}_{x}$Ge$\text{}_{1-x}$ alloys with silicon content 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 at room and liquid nitrogen temperature. We covered the spectral range from 375 to 1200 cm$\text{}^{-1}$ that includes the "Si-Ge" and "Si-Si" single-phonon transitions, the continuum of two-phonon processes, and the localized mode of interstitial oxygen. We study the change of vibrational structure and correlation between reference (pure Si and Ge) and alloy spectra. We observed shifts to lower wave numbers by about 1 cm$\text{}^{-1}$ of the two-phonon absorption bands per 1% increase in germanium concentration. Pronounced changes of the vibrational spectra upon lowering the temperature were detected.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1997, 92, 5; 899-902
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Localized Vibrational Modes of Interstitial Oxygen in Si$\text{}_{x}$Ge$\text{}_{1-x}$ Alloys
Autorzy:
Lorenc, M.
Humlíček, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991997.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.Am
63.20.Pw
Opis:
We study infrared-active vibrations of interstitial oxygen in Czochralski-grown samples of Si$\text{}_{x}$Ge$\text{}_{1-x}$ alloys with the silicon content from 0 to 1 between room and liquid nitrogen temperature. The measurements were performed on a large series of samples including single crystals of Si and Si-rich alloys, and polycrystalline samples of alloys with a higher Ge content. We focus on quantitative data on the compositional and temperature evolution of the strongest absorption band above 1100 cm$\text{}^{-1}$, related to the asymmetric stretching of the Si$\text{}_{2}$O pseudomolecule. We have also observed a pronounced Fano-like resonance centered at 520 cm$\text{}^{-1}$.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1998, 94, 3; 436-440
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Micro-Raman Investigation of Hydrogen Localized in Cone-Shaped Defects Formed on the Silicon Wafer Surface
Autorzy:
Frantskevich, N.
Fedotov, A.
Frantskevich, A.
Mazanik, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1366278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.Am
61.72.uf
Opis:
The goal of this work is the micro-Raman study of molecular hydrogen localized in cone-shaped defects, which are formed on the surface of previously helium implanted and annealed Czochralski Si wafers as a result of hydrogen plasma treatment. The line at ≈ 4158 $cm^{-1}$ corresponding to molecular hydrogen is observed in the Raman spectra when the laser beam is focused both on cone-shaped defects or defect-free regions of the surface. The laser irradiation of cone-shaped defects during micro-Raman experiments leads to intensity increase of this line when the irradiation time is increasing, with subsequent appearance of lines at ≈ 3621 and ≈ 3698 $cm^{-1}$ and simultaneous disappearance of 4158 $cm^{-1}$ line. No such effect was observed when the laser beam was focused on defect-free regions. The experiments have shown that heat treatment of the samples studied causes the appearance in the Raman spectra of lines at ≈ 3468, ≈ 3621, and ≈ 3812 $cm^{-1}$, which can be associated with molecular hydrogen.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 6; 1332-1334
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teologia sądu Boga nad Izraelem (Am 2, 6-16). Analiza retoryczna
Autorzy:
Witaszek, Gabriel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178209.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
sąd
Am 2
6-16
judgement
Opis:
La chiave interpretativa dell’oracolo contro Israele (Am 2, 6-16) sta nell’estrema gravita dei peccati del popolo eletto. II profeta Amos denuncia gli atti contro la giustizia. Si tratta di atti di carattere simbolico il cui scopo e svelare le radici dei peccati d’Israele e la natura del malo. Tutto questo si fa usando il metodo del’analisi retorica.
Źródło:
The Biblical Annals; 1998, 45, 1; 17-35
2083-2222
2451-2168
Pojawia się w:
The Biblical Annals
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Salehs Model of AM/AM and AM/PM Conversions is not a Model without Memory : Another Proof
Autorzy:
Borys, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Saleh's model of AM/AM
Saleh's model of AM/PM
conversions
power amplifiers
memory effect
in-phase representation of nonlinear devices
quadrature representation of nonlinear devices
Opis:
The so-called Saleh's representation for description of the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions, occurring in communication power amplifiers, consists of two expressions that describe them as functions of a real-valued baseband signal modulating the carrier amplitude. It is a common view that this description forms a model without memory. We show here that the above belief is not correct; just the opposite is true. To prove this, we take into account an equivalent description of the Saleh's model called the quadrature model of bandpass nonlinearities and express it in a form of a nonlinear operator. Afterwards, we check whether this operator possesses a zero memory. To this end, we use an appropriate theorem of the nonlinear systems theory. Finally, as a result of this investigation, we observe that the memory of the above operator is nonzero.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2017, 63, 1; 73-77
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Głód słowa Bożego. Analiza egzegetyczno-teologiczna tekstu Am 8, 11-12
Autorzy:
Szwarc, Urszula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177510.pdf
Data publikacji:
1980
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
egzegeza
Słowo Boże
Am 8
11-12
Opis:
A critico-literary, exegetic and theological analysis of Amos 8,11-12 has brought the author to the conclusion, that prophet Amos in his threat has prognosticated God’s punishment which will be caused by the nation itself because of their rejection of the grace allowing them to understand Jahwe’s instruction and to recognize the sense of God’s interference with the history of mankind. The author sees a confirmation of her conclusions in the text of Isa. 6,9-10.
Źródło:
The Biblical Annals; 1980, 27, 1; 43-51
2083-2222
2451-2168
Pojawia się w:
The Biblical Annals
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The beneficial role of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of wetland plants and tolerance to metal stress
Autorzy:
Sidhoum, Warda
Fortas, Zohra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wetlands
phytoremediation
metal accumulation
AM fungi
metallic elements
Opis:
The potential of fi ve plants namely Atriplex halimus L., A. canescens (Pursh) Nutt., Suaeda fruticosa (Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel.), Marrubium vulgare L. and Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter from two selected wetlands in northwest Algeria subjected to house and industrial effluents were examined to assess their arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) diversity and colonization, as well as to determine their tolerance and ability in accumulating metallic trace elements (MTEs). The purpose was to investigate whether, or not, these fungi are related to metallic uptake. Arbuscular mycorrhizal association was observed in all plant species, since the dual association between AMF and dark septate endophytes (DSE) was found in roots of 80% plants species. Hence, the decreasing trend of metal accumulation in most plant organs was Zn>Cu>Pb, and the most efficient species were M. vulgare> S. fruticosa>A. canescens> D. viscosa> A. halimus. The bioaccumulator factors exceeded the critical value (1.0) and the transport factors indicated that all these species were phytoremediators. Pearson correlation showed that Cd bioaccumulation and translocation were inhibited by AMF infection; meanwhile Zn, Pb and Cd accumulation were affected by AMF spore density and species richness, DSE frequency, pH, AMF and plant host. Native halophytes showed a multi-metallic resistance capacity in polluted wetlands. M. vulgare was the most efficient in metal accumulation and the best host for mycorrhizal fungi. AMF played a major role in metal accumulation and translocation.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2019, 45, 1; 103-114
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identyfikacja wydzieleń występujących w strukturze blach cienkich ze stopu magnezu AM50
Identification of precipitations in structure of AM50 magnesium alloy sheets
Autorzy:
Skupień, P.
Rozmus, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/181554.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
Tematy:
stop magnezu AM50
struktura
wydzielenia
blachy cienkie
analiza fazowa
AM50 magnesium alloy
structure
precipitations
sheets
phase analysis
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań obejmujące identyfikację wydzieleń znajdujących się w strukturze blach cienkich ze stopu magnezu AM50 walcowanych na gorąco. Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu wysokorozdzielczego elektronowego mikroskopu skaningowego Inspect F oraz transmisyjnego Titan 80-300. W strukturze badanego stopu zidentyfikowano trzy typy wydzieleń różniących się miedzy sobą składem chemicznym i morfologią.
This paper presents the results of tests including the identification of precipitations in the structure of hot rolled AM50 magnesium alloy sheets. The tests were carried out using high-resolution scanning electron microscope Inspect F and transmission electron microscope Titan 80-300. Three types of precipitations were identified within the structure of the tested alloy, which differed in their chemical compositions and morphologies.
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2013, T. 65, nr 4, 4; 18-22
0137-9941
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical Inversion of Amino Acids (Alanine and Aspartic Acid) by Semi-empirical Methods
Autorzy:
Mohamed, M. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
inversion
alanine
aspartic
semi-empirical methods
AM1
Opis:
The inversion reaction coordinate of free amino acids (alanine, aspartic acid) have been computationally calculated by semi-empirical methods AM1. A transition state for free alanine and aspartic acid were obtained as a three membered ring in which the α-C-H and α-C-CH3 are slightly elongated, 1.2 and 2.17 Å respectively in the alanine transition state. The activation energy of alanine is 77.52 kcal/mol in the gas phase and 76.66 kcal/mol in aqueous phase, and for aspartic acid is 54.87 kcal/mol in the gas phase and 50.86 kcal/mol in aqueous phase.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 7, 1; 37-44
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Endomycorrhizal studies in Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. of Kerala, India
Autorzy:
Nidheesh, K. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Arbuscular mycorrhiza
Curcuma aeruginosa
Native AM fungi
Ultisols
Opis:
This is the first report of an ecological investigation on endomycorrhizal symbiosis in Curcuma aeruginosa, a medicinally and nutritionally important herb. Samples were collected from the field, where the plant grows under natural condition. AM fungal and soil fertility parameters were analysed as per standard methods. Altogether 16 different AM fungal species from seven different soil series are discovered. AM fungal species composition varied among soil series. Species richness of AM fungi was positively correlated with organic carbon content of soil. Shannon's diversity index and Simpson's index in the study area were measured. High intensity of AM fungal colonization in the roots of naturally growing C. aeruginosa suggests the need of proper management of the association in its cultivation practices also. Data obtained from the present investigation may help for the development of native AM fungi based biofertilizer based for a sustainable soil fertility management and cultivation of the crop.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2020, 30, 2; 125-135
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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