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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 22
Tytuł:
The Sznajd Dynamics on a Directed Clustered Network
Autorzy:
Malarz, K.
Kułakowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1812229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
07.05.Tp
87.23.Ge
89.20.-a
89.65.-s
89.75.-k
Opis:
The Sznajd model is investigated in the directed ErdH os-Rényi network with the clusterization coefficient enhanced to 0.3 by the method of Holme and Kim. Within additional triangles, all six links are present. In this network, some nodes preserve the minority opinion. The time τof getting equilibrium is found to follow the log-normal distribution and it increases linearly with the system size. Its dependence on the initial opinion distribution is different from the analytical results for fully connected networks.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, 3; 581-588
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The SIRS Model of Epidemic Spreading in Virtual Society
Autorzy:
Grabowski, A.
Kosiński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1812230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.75.-k
89.65.-s
87.10.-e
Opis:
The phenomenon of epidemic spreading in a real social network is described and investigated numerically. On the basis of data concerning amount of time devoted daily to social interactions, the influence of human activity on spreading process is investigated in the frame of SIRS model. It was found that the activity of an individual is positively correlated with its connectivity and the relation has power law form. The influence of control measures on the spreading process is investigated as a function of initial conditions. The cost-effectiveness of mass immunizations campaigns and target vaccinations is compared. It was found that the form of activity distribution has significant influence on the spreading phenomena in the network.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, 3; 589-596
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Models of Personal Incomes in USA
Autorzy:
Łukasiewicz, P.
Karpio, K.
Orłowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1409048.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
89.65.Cd
Opis:
The shapes of distributions of personal incomes in USA have been investigated based on the data for 1993 to 2008. Comparisons between four models utilizing various number of parameters have been performed. The studies showed that the empirical data is described the best by the three-parameter Dagum model. Values of the models parameters indicate that the distribution of personal incomes can be regarded as zero-modal one. However, one-parameter exponential model shows a good agreement with data and can be treated as a good approximation of empirical distribution with the exception of the region with very high incomes. The high-income region is characterized by the relatively great number of events and is described much better by the Dagum distribution.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 2B; B-82-B-85
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategies in Crowd and Crowd Structure
Autorzy:
Gawroński, P.
Malarz, K.
Krawczyk, M.
Malinowski, J.
Kupczak, A.
Sikora, W.
Kułakowski, K.
Wąs, J.
Kantelhardt, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
02.50.Le
89.65.-s
05.45.-a
Opis:
In an emergency situation, imitation of strategies of neighbours can lead to an order-disorder phase transition, where spatial clusters of pedestrians adopt the same strategy. We assume that there are two strategies, cooperating and competitive, which correspond to a smaller or larger desired velocity. The results of our simulations within the Social Force Model indicate that the ordered phase can be detected as an increase of spatial order of positions of the pedestrians in the crowd.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 3; 522-525
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spanning Trees of the World Trade Web: Real-World Data and the Gravity Model of Trade
Autorzy:
Skowron, P.
Karpiarz, M.
Fronczak, A.
Fronczak, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1388204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.75.-k
89.65.Gh
89.65.-s
Opis:
In this paper, we investigate the statistical features of the weighted international-trade network. By finding the maximum weight spanning trees for this network we make the extraction of the truly relevant connections forming the network's backbone. We discuss the role of large-sized countries (strongest economies) in the tree. Finally, we compare the topological properties of this backbone to the maximum weight spanning trees obtained from the gravity model of trade. We show that the model correctly reproduces the backbone of the real-world economy.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 3A; A-123-A-128
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Singular Dynamics of Various Macroeconomic Sectors
Autorzy:
Kozłowska, M.
Kutner, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1538495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.20.-a
89.65.-s
89.90.+n
Opis:
In this work we applied our original solution of the literal Rheological Model of Fractional Dynamics of Financial Market, i.e., the time-dependent solution proportional to the Mittag-Leffler function superposed with oscillations, not only to describe the singular dynamics of financial markets but also to study the singular dynamics of various macroeconomic sectors. The approach makes possible to sufficiently estimate (among others) the time of crash as well as its order. Thus we demonstrate, perhaps useful for stock market investors as well as for various macroeconomic agents, the technical analysis of bubble and crash, which is complementary to the famous one supplying power-law superposed with log-periodic oscillations.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 4; 630-636
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Self-Organization of Plutonomy in a Fair Competitive Society
Autorzy:
Todate, Y.
Fujie, R.
Odagaki, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
89.90.+n
05.65.+b
Opis:
We investigate the origin of the emergence of the plutonomy, an extreme form of hierarchy, where the top 1% of households account for more wealth than the bottom 99%. For a model fair society where individuals participate in a competition with equal right, we show that the plutonomy can be self-organized when individuals divided into several groups compete with those in the same group for a certain period (season) and they are regrouped at the end of every season. In the fair society, the wealth flows steadily from lower groups to the highest group, which is the origin of the plutonomy. Using mean-field analysis, we show that the fraction of winners decreases in proportion to the inverse of the number of groups.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 5; 937-940
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prosumption in the Public Administration Sector
Autorzy:
Jakimowicz, A.
Rzeczkowski, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.Gh
89.65.-s
89.75.Fb
Opis:
The aim of this article is to examine the possibility of implementing the rules of prosumption in the public administration sector in Poland. The level of development of the Polish e-Government system is far from satisfactory, taking into consideration comparatively narrow (regarding both type and range) set of public services provided on-line. A comprehensive method of public administration sector evaluation has not been worked out yet on the level of communes, though it is very useful because of the greatest innovative potential which has not been used so far. An assessment of a relatively deteriorating indicator of innovation in the public administration sector in Poland is impossible without going to the local level and analysing the situation in certain voivodeships, especially in the communes which are the main units of the local government. Prosumption is the main idea of a new economic school called wikinomics, it means blurring the difference between the producer or a service provider and the customer by including the latter to the processes of production of goods or supplying services. According to the article, prosumption in the public administration sector can be used in two ways. Firstly, it should be known to what extent internet sites of commune offices can be transformed into social innovative platforms which could show natural creativity of customers. Secondly, it is important to determine whether the main principles of prosumption, such as getting rid of control, peering and sharing the results, can be used in practical work of commune offices. This article is focused on the research of web pages issued by the local authorities. The possibility to use web pages as platforms to provide public service on-line is evaluated. Besides, the correspondence analysis was introduced, which helped to identify the innovative potential in the public administration sector and evaluate it paying special attention to the processes of prosumption. A rational expectations hypothesis allowed to explain the process of the appearance of systematic errors in interaction between a citizen and an official. It appeared that systematic errors result in perception gaps. Prosumption is the most successful mechanism for reduction of perception gaps.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 5; 1011-1017
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Price-Volume Relationship in Polish Stock Market
Autorzy:
Karpio, K.
Łukasiewicz, P.
Orłowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1409003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
89.65.Gh
02.30.Nw
Opis:
A relationship between daily prices of Polish WIG index and trading volumes is investigated. By introducing variables related to a number of last prices and volumes, a history of values in a certain period of time (which could be regarded as an investor memory) is taken into account. Different characteristics of autocorrelations for prices and trading volumes are observed. By studying mutual correlations between the variables, a local maximum at about 100 trading days is discovered. The Granger causality test is performed, indicating very strong influence of prices on volumes. This property can be considered as a sign of markets maturity.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 2B; B-61-B-66
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinion Formation in an Open System and the Spiral of Silence
Autorzy:
Gawroński, P.
Nawojczyk, M.
Kułakowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1388390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
02.50.-y
89.65.-s
05.40.Fb
Opis:
A new model is formulated of the sociological effect of the spiral of silence, introduced by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann in 1974. The probability that a new opinion is openly expressed decreases with the difference between this new opinion and the perceived opinion of the majority. We also assume that the system is open, i.e. some people enter and some leave during the process of the opinion formation. An influence of a leader is simulated by a comparison of two runs of the simulation, where the leader has different opinion in each run. The difference of the mean expressed opinions in these two runs persists long after the leader's leave.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 3A; A-45-A-50
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On a Combinatorial Aspect of Fashion
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, M.
Kułakowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
07.05.Tp
Opis:
Simulations are performed according to the Axelrod model of culture dissemination, with modified mechanism of repulsion. Previously, repulsion was considered by Radillo-Diaz et al. as dependent on a predefined threshold. Here the probabilities of attraction and repulsion are calculated from the number of cells in the same states. We also investigate the influence of some homogeneity, introduced to the initial state. As the result of the probabilistic definition of repulsion, the ordered state vanishes. A small cluster of a few percent of population is retained only if in the initial state a set of agents is prepared in the same state. We conclude that the modelled imitation is successful only with respect to agents, and not only their features.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 3; 560-563
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mutual Information-Based Hierarchies on Warsaw Stock Exchange
Autorzy:
Fiedor, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1388360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
05.10.-a
64.60.aq
89.65.-s
89.70.-a
Opis:
A popular method for network analysis of financial markets is a notable part of econophysics research. The networks created in such efforts are focused exclusively on linear correlations between stocks. While Pearson's correlation is the obvious starting point, it would be useful to look at its alternatives as to whether they provide improvements to this methodology, particularly given Pearson's correlation coefficient considers only a limited class of association patterns. We propose to use mutual information-based hierarchical networks, as mutual information is a natural generalisation of Pearson's correlation. We estimate mutual information using naive plug-in estimator as consistent bias is not harmful to this application, however other methods may also be used. We then transform the mutual information into an Euclidean metric and create minimal spanning trees and maximally filtered planar graphs. We apply this methodology to Warsaw Stock Exchange for years between 2000 and 2013, and comment on the differences with the standard methodology, as well as the structural changes on Warsaw Stock Exchange which the study reveals.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 3A; A-33-A-37
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modern Rheology on a Stock Market: Fractional Dynamics of Indices
Autorzy:
Kozłowska, M.
Kutner, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1535822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.20.-a
89.65.-s
89.65.Gh
89.90.+n
Opis:
This paper presents an exactly solvable (by applying the fractional calculus) the rheological model of fractional dynamics of financial market conformed to the principle of no arbitrage present on financial market. The rheological model of fractional dynamics of financial market describes some singular, empirical, speculative daily peaks of stock market indices, which define crashes as a kind of phase transition. In the frame of the model the plastic market hypothesis and financial uncertainty principle were formulated, which proposed possible scenarios of some market crashes. The brief presentation of the model was made in our earlier work (and references therein). The rheological model of fractional dynamics of financial market is a deterministic model and it is complementary to already existing other ones; together with them it offers possibility for thorough and widespread technical analysis of crashes. The constitutive, fractional integral equation of the model is an analogy of the corresponding one, which defines the fractional Zener model of plastic material. The fractional Zener model is the canonical one for modern rheology, polymer physics and biophysics concerning non-Debye relaxation of viscoelastic biopolymers. The useful approximate solution of the constitutive equation of the rheological model of fractional dynamics of financial market consists of two parts: (i) the first one connected with long-term memory present in the system, which is proportional to the generalized exponential function defined by the Mittag-Leffler function and (ii) the second one describing oscillations (e.g. beats or oscillations having two slightly shifted frequences). The shape exponent leading the Mittag-Leffler function, defines here the order of the phase transition between bullish and bearish states of the financial market, in particular, for recent hossa and bessa on some small, middle and large stock markets. It happened that this solution also successfully estimated some long-term price dynamics on the hypothetical market in United States.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 118, 4; 677-687
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Key Courses of Academic Curriculum Uncovered by Data Mining of Students Grades
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Ł.
Chołoniewski, J.
Hołyst, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1398901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
89.65.Ef
Opis:
Learning is a complex cognitive process that depends not only on an individual capability of knowledge absorption but it can be also influenced by various group interactions and by the structure of an academic curriculum. We have applied methods of statistical analyses and data mining (principal component analysis and maximal spanning tree) for anonymized students' scores at Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology. A slight negative linear correlation exists between mean and variance of course grades, i.e. courses with higher mean scores tend to possess a lower scores variance. There are courses playing a central role, e.g. their scores are highly correlated to other scores and they are in the centre of corresponding maximal spanning trees. Other courses contribute significantly to students' score variance as well to the first principal component and they are responsible for differentiation of students' scores. Correlations of the first principal component to courses' mean scores and scores variance suggest that this component can be used for assigning ECTS points to a given course. The analysis is independent of declared curricula of considered courses. The proposed methodology is universal and can be applied for analysis of students' scores and academic curriculum at any faculty.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 5; 1071-1076
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indifferents as an Interface between Contra and Pro
Autorzy:
Malarz, K.
Kułakowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1538566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
89.65.-s
87.23.Ge
89.65.Ef
89.75.-k
89.75.Fb
Opis:
In most sociophysical simulations on public opinion, only two opinions are allowed: Pro and Contra. However, in all political elections many people do not vote. Here we analyse two models of dynamics of public opinion, taking into account Indifferent voters: (i) the Sznajd model with symmetry Pro-Contra, (ii) the outflow one move voter model, where Contra's are converted to Indifferent by their Pro neighbours. Our results on the Sznajd model are in an overall agreement with the results of the mean field approach and with those known from the initial model formulation. The simulation on the voter model shows that an amount of Contra's who remain after convertion depends on the network topology.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 4; 695-699
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 22

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