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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Numerical Modelling of the Electron Backscattering at the Variable Gas Pressure
    Autorzy:
    Krysztof, M.
    Słówko, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1503782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    41.85.-p
    52.80.Dy
    Opis:
    The authors prepared a computer programme for simulations of electron flow in various gas conditions. This software combines a commercial programme SIMION 3D v. 7.0, destined for computations of charged particles trajectories in electric and magnetic fields, and the Monte Carlo one written by the authors in the SIMION internal language. The programme takes into consideration the electron scattering in elastic and inelastic collisions, the ionising avalanche and γ processes. This programme was used to investigate the secondary electron backscattering by gas filling the sample chamber of the environmental scanning electron microscope and its influence on the signal to noise ratio S/N and material contrast suppression.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 120, 1; 19-22
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Environmental Equipment for Classic SEM Enabling Investigations of Dielectric and Wet Surfaces
    Autorzy:
    Słówko, W.
    Krysztof, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1503785.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    41.85.-p
    52.80.Dy
    Opis:
    To extend capabilities of the classic scanning electron microscopes toward the variable pressure/environmental technique, the authors designed the vacuum and detection system in the form of a simple attachment which does not need any changes in an original structure of the instrument. The main part of the system is the vacuum and detection head, combining the intermediate vacuum chamber and electron detectors of chosen kinds. The low vacuum secondary electron detector extracts electrons through the lower throttling aperture and is designed in the form of an unipotential electrostatic lens with the anode covered with scintillator. It can work from pressures exceeding 10 hPa to high vacuum, i.e. in the whole range of the scanning electron microscopy applications for almost all possible samples. The low vacuum secondary electron detector may be also made in a miniaturised autonomous form equipped with a photomultiplier or a semiconductor photodetector. These designs are destined for low vacuum scanning electron microscopy where the intermediate chamber is arranged inside an objective lens.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 120, 1; 23-25
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Detector System for Three-Dimensional Imaging in the Variable Pressure/Environmental SEM
    Autorzy:
    Słówko, W.
    Krysztof, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400458.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    41.85.-p
    52.80.Dy
    Opis:
    The authors developed a method of three-dimensional surface reconstruction, which takes advantage of the angular distribution of backscattered electron emission to obtain a digital map of surface elevations. Such quantitative information about the surface topography is obtained by digital processing of four input images acquired from four electron detectors. The method was adapted to environmental conditions by means of the vacuum-detector equipment applicable for a standard scanning electron microscopy. The main part of the equipment is the vacuum-detector head containing the intermediate vacuum chamber with a semiconductor backscattered electron detector inside. The detector captures a zenith backscattered electron fraction passing through the throttling aperture placed closely to the sample at the distance comparable to the aperture diameter (0.6 mm). The system was dedicated to the investigations of solid nonconductive samples at pressures < 10 hPa but it has already been supplemented with a gaseous directional backscattered electron detector which can work at a distance of a few mm to be safe for biological samples.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 5; 877-879
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Throttling Aperture as the Gaseous Secondary Electron Detector in the Variable Pressure/Environmental SEM
    Autorzy:
    Krysztof, M.
    Słówko, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400459.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    41.85.-p
    52.80.Dy
    Opis:
    The authors analysed the conditions of the secondary electron detection with the use of the lower throttling aperture as the electron collector positioned close to the sample, at the distance less, or comparable to the aperture opening. For computer simulations of electron flow under various gas conditions, the software combining the commercial programme SIMION 3D v. 7.0, enabling computations of charged particles trajectories in the electric and magnetic fields, combined with the Monte Carlo one written by the authors was used. The results of the simulations show that the gas amplification of the electron signal and the noise to signal ratio are suitable for imaging at working gas pressures exceeding 1 hPa (100 Pa). The upper limit of the pressure defined by the electron beam scattering by far exceeds 10 hPa and is a question of the accelerating voltage and vacuum units design. The detector unit combined also with the differential pumping system has been designed in the form of an attachment to the classic scanning electron microscopy and applied in the JSM840 (JEOL) microscope. The simulation results have been proved experimentally.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 5; 880-883
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Materials Patterning and Characterisation at the Nanometre Scale Using Focused MeV Ion Beams: Present Achievements and Future Prospects
    Autorzy:
    Grime, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1628030.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    81.16.Nd
    41.75.Ak
    41.85.-p
    Opis:
    A key phenomenon in the interaction of MeV ions and solids is that the energy transferred from the primary ions to the target electrons is high compared with atomic and molecular binding energies, but low compared with the ion energy. This means that there is a high probability of modifying the chemical properties of the material (for patterning) or of inducing the emission of electromagnetic radiation (for analysis), yet the path of particle is changed by a negligible amount, which means that focused beams remain sharp even after penetrating long depths into the material. Developments in focusing MeV ions in recent years have pushed the useable beam diameters into the sub-micrometre region, which means that nuclear microbeams are poised to make an impact in both direct write fabrication and micro-analysis at length scales of interest in nanotechnology or microbiology. This paper reviews the science and technology underlying the use of nuclear microbeams (ion solid interactions, focusing systems) and reports on the present status and trends of applications in sub-micron scale applications.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 2; 467-472
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Formation of Accelerated Particle Beam in Isochronous Cyclotron
    Autorzy:
    Voronin, A.
    Partyka, J.
    Aldibekova, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1381861.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-06
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    29.27.Bd
    29.20.dg
    41.85.-p
    Opis:
    In the paper there are given calculated and experimental data which allow to form necessary beam parameters for a precise experiment in nuclear physics. An intensity of a beam extracted from an isochronous cyclotron acceleration chamber ($E_{p}$ = 30 MeV) can reach 15 μA with an energy spread of 3 × $10^{-3}$. Accelerated ion beams of such kind are widely applicable in nuclear physical experiments.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 6; 1408-1411
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of coherent synchrotron radiation in bunch compressor of TARLA
    Autorzy:
    Yildiz, H.
    Aksoy, A.
    Arikan, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070217.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    29.27.Bd
    29.27.-a
    29.20.Ej
    41.60.-m
    41.60.Cr
    41.85.Ja
    41.85.-p
    07.55.Db
    02.10.Yn
    Opis:
    High order and non-linear effects in accelerator beamline play an important role in the transport of the beam. These effects cause variation of designed beam parameters such as emittance growth, bunch length variation, beam halo formation, etc. One of the known non-linear effects in bunch compressors is the coherent synchrotron radiation effect. In this study we focus on coherent synchrotron radiation effect in Turkish Accelerator and Radiation Laboratory in Ankara (TARLA) machine which is designed to drive Infrared Free Electron Laser, covering the range of 3-250 μm. We additionally discuss high order effects in bunch compressor of TARLA.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 1; 214-216
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Phase Shifter Operation of the Azimuthally Magnetized Coaxial Ferrite Waveguide
    Autorzy:
    Georgieva-Grosse, M.
    Georgiev, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1419702.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    02.60.Lj
    02.90.+p
    41.20.-q
    41.20.Jb
    85.70.Ge
    Opis:
    The terms for operation of the coaxial waveguide, entirely filled with azimuthally magnetized latching ferrite, as a digital nonreciprocal phase shifter for the normal $TE_{01}$ mode, are found. They are classified as physical, mathematical and functional ones. The physical prerequisites are drawn from the phase curves of the structure and specify the boundaries of the interval in which it produces differential phase shift for a given numerical equivalent of the modulus of off-diagonal ferrite permeability tensor element. The mathematical condition brings the parameters of configuration together with certain roots of its characteristic equation, derived in terms of complex Kummer and Tricomi confluent hypergeometric functions and with the related to them positive real $L_2(c,ρ,n)$ numbers (c=3, 0<ρ<1, n=1). The functional criteria determine the borders of the domain of phase shifter operation of the geometry. These are functions, defined for a fixed central conductor thickness which express in normalized form the impact of the guide radius on the phase shift at the cut-off frequencies and at the envelopes, denoting the termination of the phase curves for negative ferrite magnetization from the side of higher frequencies. The same are reckoned, employing iterative methods, consisting in a repeated numerical solution of the equation mentioned, followed by a computation of the guide radius and phase constant of the wave and are plotted graphically. The influence of the parameters of transmission line on the area referred to is analyzed.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 122, 1; 63-70
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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