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Tytuł:
Evaluation of the Energy Capacity of the Controlled Landfill from Mohamedia Benslimane by Three Theoretical Methods – Land Gem, IPCC, and TNO
Autorzy:
Oukili, Ahlam Idrissi
Chhiba, Mostafa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
controlled landfill
municipal solid waste
biogas
first order decay model
electrical energy
Opis:
The objective of this study was to estimate the content of methane produced and generated by the anaerobic biodegradation of the main organic fraction of municipal solid waste from the controlled landfill of Mohammedia-Benslimane (Morocco) by three theoretical models, based on the first order decay equation: LandGEM, IPCC and TNO. To carry out this study, the quantities of solid waste buried in this landfill since its inauguration in 2012 were used and the composition of the biogas in-situ in 2020 and 2021was determined. The quantities of waste that will be buried in this landfill from 2022 to 2032 were estimated by projection.The results of the analysis of the biogas generated in this controlled landfill in 2020–2021 indicate that it is composed of 59.59% CH4, 38.9% CO2, and 0.14% O2. This result indicates that the waste is in a stable methanogenesis phase. The results obtained by using the three methodologies show that the total volume of CH4 generated during the period 2012–2021 was 32.59 Mm3 according to the IPCC model, 20.95 Mm3 according to the LandGEM model and 20.96 Mm3 according to the TNO model. The total volume of CH4 that will be produced during the period 2022–2032 has been projected to 107.48 Mm3 by the IPCC model, to 76.84 Mm3 by the LandGEM model, while the total volume of CH4 projected under the TNO method will be 67.67 Mm3. The maximum methane production will reach a value of 12.07 Mm3, 9.46 Mm3 and 7.82 Mm3 for the IPCC, LandGEM and TNO models, respectively. In 2021, the volume of methane estimated by the three models is higher than that on-site measurement by a factor of 3.5(IPCC), 2.4 (LandGEM) and 2.3 (TNO). The results clearly indicate that the three models over predict methane generations when compared to the on-site generations. According to the LandGEM methodology, the electricity estimated will reach a maximum value of 33 GWh/year in 2032.The efficient use of methane generated by this controlled landfill as a source of electrical energy in the upcoming years can be an option for the sustainable management of waste.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 2; 19--30
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Global solutions for a nonlinear Kirchhoff type equation with viscosity
Autorzy:
Lapa, Eugenio Cabanillas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
global solutions
nonlinear Kirchhoff type problem
exponential decay
Opis:
In this paper we consider the existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions of the following nonlinear Kirchhoff type problem $ u_{t t} - M ( \int_\Omega | \nabla u |^2 dx ) \Delta u - \delta \Delta u_t = \mu | u |^{p-2} u $ in $ \Omega \times ]0, \infty [ $ where $ M(s) = $ ⎧ $ a - bs $ for $ s \in [0, a/b [$, ⎨ ⎩ $ 0, $ for $ s \in [ a/b, + \infty ] $. If the initial energy is appropriately small, we derive the global existence theorem and its exponential decay.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2023, 43, 5; 689-701
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opowiadam, więc jestem
I tell, therefore I am
Autorzy:
Romaniszyn-Ziomek, Lidia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-07-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Bielsko-Bialski
Tematy:
decay
narration
narrator
tale
prose
rozpad
narracja
opowieść
proza
Opis:
I tell, therefore I am [Review: Anna Węgrzyniak, W świecie, który wciąż się rozpada. Lektury prozy XX i XXI wieku (In a World that Continues to Fall Apart. Reading Prose of the 20th and 21st Century), Wydawnictwo Naukowe ATH, Bielsko-Biała 2019, pp. 215.] The present text is a review of a monograph by the eminent (recently deceased) scholar professor Anna Węgrzyniak. The book In a World that Continues to Fall Apart. Reading Prose of the 20th and 21st Century is a collection of essays divided into three sections, and each of those concerns texts by writers from various generations. They are connected by the category of decay, but the centre of this brilliantly spun yarn is taken up by a subject connecting all of the broken worlds – a narrator, a teller, building his identity through a tale and showing the diverse faces of history, humanity, individual existences. “To live, one has to tell stories” – writes Węgrzyniak in the introduction (p. 9). This is why she herself focuses on the tale and on careful reading. Thus she creates a captivating, very approachable history of reading and of perception of texts, combined with scholarly reflection.
Źródło:
Świat i Słowo; 2023, 40, 1; 325-331
1731-3317
Pojawia się w:
Świat i Słowo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal control problems without terminal constraints: The turnpike property with interior decay
Autorzy:
Gugat, Martin
Lazar, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200685.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
optimal control
turnpike property
system with hyperbolic PDEs
interior decay
sterowanie optymalne
układ hiperboliczny
rozkład wewnętrzny
Opis:
We show a turnpike result for problems of optimal control with possibly nonlinear systems as well as pointwise-in-time state and control constraints. The objective functional is of integral type and contains a tracking term which penalizes the distance to a desired steady state. In the optimal control problem, only the initial state is prescribed. We assume that a cheap control condition holds that yields a bound for the optimal value of our optimal control problem in terms of the initial data. We show that the solutions to the optimal control problems on the time intervals [0, T] have a turnpike structure in the following sense: For large T the contribution to the objective functional that comes from the subinterval [T/2, T], i.e., from the second half of the time interval [0, T], is at most of the order 1/T. More generally, the result holds for subintervals of the form [r T,T], where r ∈ (0, 1/2) is a real number. Using this result inductively implies that the decay of the integral on such a subinterval in the objective function is faster than the reciprocal value of a power series in T with positive coefficients. Accordingly, the contribution to the objective value from the final part of the time interval decays rapidly with a growing time horizon. At the end of the paper we present examples for optimal control problems where our results are applicable.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2023, 33, 3; 429--438
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected aspects of acoustic treatment of the orchestra pit
Autorzy:
Kamisiński, Tadeusz
Brawata, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
first sound reflections
reverberation time
early decay time
reflective screens
adjustable orchestral barrier
pierwsze odbicia dźwięku
czas pogłosu
czas wczesnego zaniku
ekrany odbijające dźwięk
regulowana bariera orkiestronu
Opis:
The orchestra pit is not a friendly workplace for musicians, and the need to ensure their interaction with the stage and audience places very high demands on this interior. The aim of the considerations presented in the article was to analyse the various possibilities of acoustic adaptation of the orchestra pit against the background of obtaining the expected effects. The conducted simulation studies and the use of the results of the experimental studies carried out in the well-equipped orchestra pit of the Krakow Opera allowed for the indication of representative acoustic parameters useful for the assessment of the results of acoustic treatment. Based on the comparison of the reverberation time T20 and EDT for various variants of the orchestra pit interior, the confirmation of the legitimacy of using sound diffusing and absorbing systems was obtained. They spread the energy of the first sound reflections in time and reduce the risk to the musicians' hearing. Reflective elements and sound dispersing within the orchestral will ensure adequate audibility between the musicians.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2023, 34, 1; art. no. 2023104
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trophic Abilities of Trametes Gibbosa (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) With Respect to The Wood of Fagus Sylvatica
Autorzy:
Piętka, Jacek
Szczepkowski, Andrzej
Ronikier, Michał
Saługa, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
wood decay fungi
white rot
fungal inoculation
molecular identification
Opis:
Trametes gibbosa is a widespread polypore fungus occurring throughout Europe and Asia. It is considered a saprotroph occasionally exhibiting parasitic activity. The aims of the present experimental work were to: (1) determine the ability of T. gibbosa pure culture to decompose beech wood under laboratory conditions, (2) test the trophic abilities of T. gibbosa by comparative analysis of the development of its mycelium inoculated into the stems of living beech trees and into beech rollers (stem segments – dead substrate). The laboratory wood decay experiment revealed considerable weight loss of the beech wood samples exposed to T. gibbosa (32.7% after 120 days). Identification of the mycelium used for inoculation in natural forest conditions was done by morphological analysis of the cultures and molecular barcoding. Attempts to recover T. gibbosa mycelium were made after two and eight years for the living trees, and after two years for the rollers. While T. gibbosa could not be reisolated from the inoculated beech trees, basidiomata were observed on the beech rollers, and genetically verified T. gibbosa mycelium was extracted from them. We conclude that T. gibbosa exhibits strong saprotrophic inclinations.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2023, 66, 211; Art. no. 1644-3985.413.08
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verification of Reaching the Regulatory Limit for the Release of Radioactive Liquid Waste in Nuclear Medicines
Autorzy:
Alfayyadh, Linda
Naimi, Sepanta
Mizban, Fadhil
Al-Hamami, Naheel
Alguraibawi, Marwah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
radioactive iodine
I-131
liquid waste
storage system
decay system
nuclear medicine
authorisation limit
Opis:
The research was conducted at one of Iraq’s nuclear medical facilities in Baghdad, which uses radioactive iodine (I-131) to treat thyroid patients, the major purpose of this research was to meet the national legal limit for the release of radioactive liquid waste into the environment, a high purity germanium reagent radiation detector was used to evaluate nine iodine I-131 samples. From 2021 and 2023, the concentration of waste prior to storage and disposal was between 24498 Bq/L and 5.7 Bq/L. Short-lived radionuclides, such as I-131 with an 8.04-day half-life, may be released into the sewage system in line with Iraq’s Nationally Approved Limits and Austria’s International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Moreover, it is stored for 10 times the half-life, or four months, until the choice to release it into the environment is made.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 329--336
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Absurda lex, sed lex? Public value and the decay of the Rule of Law: A conceptual perspective
Autorzy:
Behar-Villegas, Erick
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Public Value
Rule of Law
legal-formalism
legal institutions
democratic decay
property rights
Opis:
The Rule of Law serves, under a broadly accepted notion of justice, the enforcement of property rights and a relative predictability of citizen affairs, i.e. it fosters Public Value. However, it is subject to risks that materialise in weakened institutions, uncertainty and transaction costs. The connection between Public Value and the Rule of Law becomes salient when understanding how the latter degenerates at the expense of the former. This article provides two theoretical frameworks that explain the connection between the two concepts, as well as three manifestations of the Rule of Law’s decay. These comprise the excess of legal-formalism, the excess of discretion in enforcement and the instrumentalisation of the law, i.e. when it embodies injustice. Although they vary depending on the legal system, these aspects build a conceptual body that illustrates how contingent legal outcomes affect society, developing Daly’s (2019) concept of democratic decay in the economics and business literature.
Źródło:
Economics and Business Review; 2022, 8, 3; 7-26
2392-1641
Pojawia się w:
Economics and Business Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy profilaktyka stomatologiczna ma uzasadnienie w działaniach z zakresu medycyny pracy?
Is dental prophylaxis justified in activities of occupational medicine?
Autorzy:
Jaraszek, Małgorzata
Hanke, Wojciech
Marcinkiewicz, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
próchnica
zdrowie jamy ustnej
edukacja zdrowotna
opieka profilaktyczna
czynniki ryzyka zawodowego
źródła wiedzy
dental decay
oral health
health education
preventive care
occupational risk factor
sources of knowledge
Opis:
Wstęp: Rosnąca częstość występowania próchnicy zębów u osób w każdym wieku uzasadnia potrzebę ciągłego poszukiwania skutecznych metod zapobiegania jej rozwojowi, także w kontekście oceny oddziaływania szkodliwości zawodowych. Hipoteza badawcza niniejszej pracy zakładała, że uczniowie szkoły gastronomicznej z racji specyfiki zawodu mają wymuszony, dodatkowy kontakt z żywnością, co może utrudniać im utrzymanie prawidłowej higieny jamy ustnej i w konsekwencji zwiększać zachorowalność na próchnicę.Materiał i metody: Grupę badaną stanowiło 109 mężczyzn: 55 uczniów technikum gastronomicznego (GA) oraz dla porównania 54 uczniów technikum elektryczno-informatycznego (E-I), całkowicie niezwiązanego z obróbką żywności. Badanie każdego ucznia, przeprowadzane w 2 etapach (na początku edukacji zawodowej w technikum i po 3 latach praktycznej nauki zawodu), składało się z 2 części – badania stomatologicznego oraz badania kwestionariuszowego (ocena indywidualnej higieny jamy ustnej, preferowanych artykułów spożywczych i źródeł wiedzy na temat żywienia). Wyniki: Po 3 latach obserwacji większy wzrost liczby osób z próchnicą (P > 0) zaobserwowano w grupie E-I (różnica istotna statystycznie). W grupie GA wzrost liczby osób z próchnicą był nieistotny statystycznie. Analiza źródeł wiedzy na temat zdrowego odżywiania i higieny jamy ustnej wykazała, że po 3 latach praktycznej nauki zawodu dla uczniów GA głównym źródłem wiedzy stała się szkoła i uzupełniająco internet, a dla uczniów E-I – przede wszystkim internet, a dodatkowo rodzina.Wnioski: Mniejszy przyrost częstości występowania próchnicy w grupie GA należy wiązać z realizowaną w szkole teoretyczną i praktyczną nauką na temat żywności oraz żywienia. Dlatego należy udoskonalać metody prowadzenia edukacji prozdrowotnej dotyczącej higieny jamy ustnej w szkołach zawodowych i poszerzyć standardy postępowania lekarskiego podczas obligatoryjnych badań profilaktycznych u każdego ucznia rozpoczynającego praktyczną naukę zawodu.
Background: The growing incidence of caries at all ages groups, justifies the need of constant search for effective methods of preventing, also in the context of the assessment of the impact of occupational agent. The research hypothesis assumed that due to the specificity of the profession, students of the gastronomic school have forced, additional contact with food. Thus it might be difficult for them students to maintain proper oral hygiene and, consequently, increase the incidence of tooth decay. Material and Methods: The study group comprised 109 men: 55 students of a gastronomic technical school (GA) and for comparison 54 students of an electrical and IT technical school (E-I), whose vocational education was completely unrelated to food processing. The study was performed at 2 stages (at the beginning and after 3 years of practical vocational training) and comprised of 2 parts: a dental examination and a questionnaire examination (assessment of individual oral hygiene, preferred food products and sources of knowledge about nutrition). Results: After 3 years of observation, a higher, statistically significant, increase in the number of people with caries (P > 0) was observed in the group of students from the E-I school. The analysis of the sources of knowledge on healthy eating and oral hygiene showed that after 3 years of practical vocational training, the main source of knowledge for GA students was school and the Internet, for E-I students the internet and the family. Conclusions: The smaller increase in the incidence of tooth decay in the group of GA might probably be associated with the theoretical and practical teaching of food and nutrition in the school. Therefore, the methods of conducting pro-health education on oral hygiene in vocational schools should be improved and the standards of medical conduct during obligatory preventive examinations in every student starting their practical vocational training should be extended.
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 3; 219-227
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energetyka jądrowa – konieczność, a nie zagrożenie
Nuclear power – a necessity, not a threat
Autorzy:
Domański, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Mazowieckie Biuro Planowania Regionalnego w Warszawie
Tematy:
promieniowanie
rozpad promieniotwórczy
reaktor jądrowy
chłodziwo
moderator
moc cieplna
moc elektryczna
awaria
obieg parowy
paliwo jądrowe
sprawność
radiation
radioactive decay
nuclear reactor
coolant
thermal power
electrical power
failure
steam cycle
nuclear fuel
efficiency
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono w skrócie potrzeby energetyczne świata, podział zużycia energii pierwotnej z punku widzenia paliw oraz 3 podstawowe scenariusze rozwoju świata prezentowane przez Międzynarodową Agencję Energii. Omówiono podstawowe procesy dotyczące wytwarzania energii jądrowej i jej konwersji na energię wewnętrzną. Przedstawiono najważniejsze typy reaktorów jądrowych podając ich podstawowe parametry pracy. W posumowaniu przedstawiono zasadnicze wnioski.
The work briefly outlines the world's energy needs, the division of primary energy consumption from a fuel perspective and the three basic world development scenarios presented by the International Energy Agency. The basic processes of nuclear power production and its conversion into internal energy are discussed. The most important types of nuclear reactors are presented with their basic operating parameters. The basic conclusions are presented in the summary.
Źródło:
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne; 2022, 42; 25-60
1689-4774
Pojawia się w:
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exponential decay of solutions to a class of fourth-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations modeling the oscillations of suspension bridges
Autorzy:
Liu, Yang
Yang, Chao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
fourth-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations
weak solutions
exponential decay
family of potential wells
Opis:
This paper is concerned with a class of fourth-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations subject to free boundary conditions that can be used to describe the nonlinear dynamics of suspension bridges.
Źródło:
Opuscula Mathematica; 2022, 42, 2; 239-255
1232-9274
2300-6919
Pojawia się w:
Opuscula Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Exponential decay of transient values in discrete-time positive nonlinear systems
Autorzy:
Kaczorek, Tadeusz
Ruszewski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
exponential decay
transient value
discrete-time
fractional order
positive
nonlinear
feedback
system
Opis:
The exponential decay of transient values in discrete-time nonlinear standard and fractional orders systems with linear positive linear part and positive feedbacks is investigated. Sufficient conditions for the exponential decay of transient values in this class of positive nonlinear systems are established. A procedure for computation of gains characterizing the class of nonlinear elements are given and illustrated on simple example.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2022, 32, 3; 577--588
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New species of corticioid fungi (Basidiomycota) for Poland found in Białowieża Primeval Forest in 2018-2020
Autorzy:
Yurchenko, Eugene
Wołkowycki, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11881008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
Aphyllophorales
geography
micromorphology
Polyporales
wood decay basidiomycetes
Opis:
Eight new species of fungi (Acanthobasidium norvegicum, Amylocorticium laceratum, Hyphoderma transiens, Odonticium septocystidiatum, Phlebia cretacea, Ph. subulata, Steccherinum albidum, and Tubulicrinis calothrix) were identified for Poland after a study of collections from large forests situated in the northeast part of the country. Leptosporomyces fuscostratus was confirmed for Polish mycobiota. Main diagnostic features, natural range, substratum preferences, and taxonomic position of these species are discussed. Color images of basidiomata for 9 species, line drawings of microscopic structures for 6 species, and scanning electron microscopy images of important microstructures for 4 species are provided.
Źródło:
Acta Mycologica; 2022, 57; 577
0001-625X
2353-074X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mycologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship nonlinear roll motion identification using artificial neural network
Autorzy:
Mousavi, Seyed Mohamadreza
Khoogar, Ahmad Reza
Ghassemi, Hassan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
nonlinear roll motion
dynamic identification
DTMB 5415
roll decay
artificial neural network
Opis:
The solution of the nonlinear equation for a ship’s rotational motion around its longitudinal axis, even with simplifying assumptions, is complicated. This oscillatory motion, which is known as the roll motion, is generated when the ship sails in the waves, and the irregular behavior of the waves causes time-varying dynamics. Calculating the ship’s roll response is possible by determining roll equation coefficients. In the current study, the coefficients were determined from the dynamic response of the ship using a training feed-forward neural network. The training was carried out in two modes: as a free swing in calm water and forced oscillation in irregular waves. The DTMB 5415 vessel was selected as the case study ship. The results of the simulation by the neural network were validated by numerical analysis and model test results.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2022, 72 (144); 65--74
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Terrigenous organic matter and formation of siderite in the Bathonian Ore-Bearing Clay Formation at Gnaszyn, Poland : a petrochemical study
Autorzy:
Lis, Kacper
Wojtulek, Piotr
Lis, Grzegorz
Jelonek, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
organic matter
kerogen
siderite concretions
microbial decay
Jurassic
Opis:
The Bathonian Ore-Bearing Clay Formation, outcropping in the Gnaszyn open-pit mine at Częstochowa (Poland), includes several horizons of abundant iron carbonate concretions. The cores of the concretionary bodies commonly contain organic matter (OM), dominated by fragments of wood. These organic particles usually display well-preserved primary structures and occur rarely as more deformed and/or completely degraded fragments. Their original structures are frequently replaced by or filled with secondary mineralization, mostly represented by pyrite. The maceral composition of the OM of the wood fragments is dominated by huminite with subordinate inertinite and resinite. Vitrinite reflectance analyses revealed values lower than 0.45%. The total organic carbon content (TOC) displayed variable results between 2% and 18%. Rock-Eval analyses revealed low amounts of hydrogen (< 45 mg HC/g TOC) and relatively high amounts of oxygen (up to 136 mg CO2/g TOC). Analysed samples contained small quantities of free hydrocarbons (S1 peak < 0.26 mg HC/g rock) as well as hydrocarbons, generated during pyrolysis (S2 peak < 7.05 mg HC/g rock). These features are characteristic for immature type IV kerogen of terrigenous origin. However, the maceral composition and frequent occurrence of siderite affecting the Rock-Eval parameters may indicate that the original kerogen belonged to type III. According to previous authors, the OM of terrigenous origin was delivered to well-oxygenated water of the palaeo-basin in the Częstochowa area. The present data indicate that intensive biodegradation of this OM at shallow burial depleted the oxygen supply within the sediment, driving the pore water into dys- or anoxic conditions. The activity of microorganisms in reducing iron and/or sulphates became the dominant biodegradation reaction, introducing Fe2+ and HCO3- ions into the system. Negative δ13C values in the cortex of the concretions analysed indicate that the bicarbonate consumed in siderite precipitation was supplied by this microbial activity. The reducing microenvironments developed in the sediment and wood fragments acted as nucleation sites for siderite precipitation.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2022, 92, 3; 295--312
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 119

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