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Tytuł:
A regional comparison of children’s blood cadmium, lead, and mercury in rural, urban and industrial areas of six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco
Autorzy:
Hrubá, Františka
Černá, Milena
Chen, Chunying
Harari, Florencia
Horvat, Milena
Koppová, Kvetoslava
Krsková, Andrea
Laamech, Jawhar
Li, Yu-Feng
Löfmark, Lina
Lundh, Thomas
Lyoussi, Badiaa
Mazej, Darja
Osredkar, Joško
Pawlas, Krystyna
Pawlas, Natalia
Prokopowicz, Adam
Rentschler, Gerda
Snoj Tratnik, Janja
Sommar, Johan
Spěváčková, Věra
Špirić, Zdravko
Skerfving, Staffan
Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21375677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-07
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
biological monitoring
child
mercury
lead
environmental pollutants
cadmium
Opis:
Objectives The authors aimed to evaluate whether blood cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) in children differ regionally in 9 countries, and to identify factors correlating with exposure. Material and Methods The authors performed a cross-sectional study of children aged 7–14 years, living in 2007–2008 in urban, rural, or potentially polluted (“hot spot”) areas (ca. 50 children from each area, in total 1363 children) in 6 European and 3 non-European countries. The authors analysed Cd, Pb, and total Hg in blood and collected information on potential determinants of exposure through questionnaires. Regional differences in exposure levels were assessed within each country. Results Children living near industrial “hot-spots” had B-Cd 1.6 (95% CI: 1.4–1.9) times higher in the Czech Republic and 2.1 (95% CI:1.6–2.8) times higher in Poland, as compared to urban children in the same countries (geometric means [GM]: 0.13 μg/l and 0.15 μg/l, respectively). Correspondingly, B-Pb in the “hot spot” areas was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.6–2.1) times higher than in urban areas in Slovakia and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.9–2.7) times higher in Poland (urban GM: 19.4 μg/l and 16.3 μg/l, respectively). In China and Morocco, rural children had significantly lower B-Pb than urban ones (urban GM: 64 μg/l and 71 μg/l, respectively), suggesting urban exposure from leaded petrol, water pipes and/or coal-burning. Hg “hot spot” areas in China had B-Hg 3.1 (95% CI: 2.7–3.5) times higher, and Ecuador 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2–1.9) times higher, as compared to urban areas (urban GM: 2.45 μg/l and 3.23 μg/l, respectively). Besides industrial exposure, traffic correlated with B-Cd; male sex, environmental tobacco smoke, and offal consumption with B-Pb; and fish consumption and amalgam fillings with B-Hg. However, these correlations could only marginally explain regional differences. Conclusions These mainly European results indicate that some children experience about doubled exposures to toxic elements just because of where they live. These exposures are unsafe, identifiable, and preventable and therefore call for preventive actions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2023, 36, 3; 349-364
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cadmium and lead content in gluten and gluten-free bread available on Polish market – potential health risk to consumers
Zawartość kadmu i ołowiu w pieczywie glutenowym i bezglutenowym dostępnym na polskim rynku – potencjalne ryzyko zdrowotne konsumentów
Autorzy:
Gacal, Magdalena
Gut-Pietrasz, Klaudia
Ćwieląg-Drabek, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22443149.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-13
Wydawca:
Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
bread
gluten
gluten-free
lead
cadmium
health risk
chleb
bezglutenowy
ołów
kadm
ryzyko zdrowotne
Opis:
INTRODUCTION: Grain products, especially bread, play an essential role in the nutrition of people around the world. However, due to the release of excessive amounts of pollutants into the environment, grain products may also contain some amounts of potentially toxic elements, which may have a negative effect on the human body. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aim of the study is to analyze the content of heavy metals in selected gluten and gluten--free breads available on the Polish market, and to assess the non-cancerous and cancerous exposure of consumers to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). This assessment covered the exposure of eight age groups. The content of Cd and Pb was determined by the ET-AAS method. RESULTS: The highest mean concentration of Cd was recorded in wheat-rye bread (0.072 mg/kg), the lowest in gluten--free bread (0.021 mg/kg). The general distribution of Cd in individual types of bread was as follows: wheat-rye > wheat > rye > gluten-free bread. CONCLUSIONS: The estimation of exposure to Cd and Pb of the consumers of wheat and wheat-rye bread showed that a significant health risk may occur in the population of children < 11 years of age.
WSTĘP: Produkty zbożowe, zwłaszcza pieczywo, odgrywają istotną rolę w żywieniu ludzi na całym świecie. Jednak ze względu na uwalnianie nadmiernych ilości zanieczyszczeń do środowiska produkty zbożowe mogą również zawierać pewne ilości pierwiastków potencjalnie toksycznych, które mogą mieć negatywny wpływ na organizm człowieka. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Celem pracy jest analiza zawartości metali ciężkich w wybranych chlebach glutenowych i bezglutenowych dostępnych na polskim rynku oraz ocena nienowotworowego i nowotworowego narażenia konsumentów na kadm (Cd) i ołów (Pb). Ocena ta obejmowała narażenie ośmiu grup wiekowych. Zawartość Cd i Pb oznaczono metodą ET-AAS. WYNIKI: Najwyższą średnią zawartość Cd odnotowano w pieczywie pszenno-żytnim (0,072 mg/kg), najniższą w pieczywie bezglutenowym (0,021 mg/kg). Ogólny rozkład Cd w poszczególnych rodzajach chleba przedstawiał się następująco: pszenno-żytni > pszenny > żytni > bezglutenowy. WNIOSKI: Oszacowanie narażenia na Cd i Pb konsumentów pieczywa pszennego i pszenno-żytniego wykazało, że w populacji dzieci w wieku < 11 lat może wystąpić istotne ryzyko zdrowotne.
Źródło:
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis; 2023, 77, 1; 255-263
1734-025X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cadmium Removal from Contaminated Soil by Electro-Kinetic Method
Autorzy:
Hawal, Laith Hamdan
Al-Sulttani, Ali Omran
Hamza, Jinan N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202315.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
electrokinetic method
cadmium
soil
removal rate
rice husk
Opis:
For this study, an electro kinetic method used to eliminate cadmium from the polluted soil. This method is useful at low permeability medium. Several experiments were conducted with variable operating circumstances, using different pH purging solutions. Rice husks were used in this work as an adsorbent medium available and free of charge to counteract the reverse osmosis process that occurs and affects the work efficiency. The final results after the end of the practical experiments of this process showed that the percentages of the removal process began to increase after the pH gradually decreases. The pH of the solution for the three experiments conducted was 3, 6 and 9, respectively. The best removal rate was 68% in this process at pH 3 ; when compared with the second and third tests at pH 6 and 9, the removal ratios were 58% and 51.5%, respectively. It was discovered that the cadmium removal rate began to decrease along with voltage. At 30 volts the removal rates were 68%, whereas 20 volts they were 66%. Rice husks have been shown to be an effective adsorbent for counteracting reverse osmosis. Therefore, it can be successfully used as an adsorbent medium.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 1; 79--86
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation and elimination of surfactant-induced interferences in anodic stripping voltammetry for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium
Autorzy:
Grabarczyk, Malgorzata
Wardak, Cecylia
Wawruch, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24085686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cadmium
stripping voltammetry
surfactants
Amberlite resins
Opis:
This article aims to investigate in detail to what extent surfactants affect the determination of cadmium by anodic stripping voltammetry. In recent years, the production and use of surfactants have been steadily increasing, so that their concentration in environmental water samples is rising. At the same time, it is known that organic compounds, such as surfactants, often hinder the voltammetric determination of trace elements by stripping. Non-ionic (Triton X-100, Brij 35, Tween 20, Tween 60, Tween 80), cationic (CTAB, CTAC, DTAB, HPC) and anionic (DSS, SDS) compounds were selected to investigate the effect of surfactants on the voltammetric signal of cadmium. At the same time, the extent to which the addition of Amberlite resins to the analysed solution eliminates the interfering effect of surfactants was tested. Three types of Amberlite resins XAD-2, XAD-7 and XAD-16 were selected for the study and the ratio of resin weight to solution volume was determined. Finally, the determination of cadmium in surfactant-enriched environmental samples was carried out. The recoveries obtained between 95.5 and 107%, with RSD between 3.4 and 6.2%, confirm the validity and correctness of the proposed procedure All measurements were carried out by anodic stripping voltammetry using a CNTs/SGC electrode modified with a bismuth film as the working electrode.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2023, 59, 4; art. no. 170717
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Removal of Cadmium (II) by Adsorption Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Dried Biomass
Autorzy:
Rosidah
Rahayu, Sata Yoshida Sri
Susanti, Evi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
heavy metals
cadmium
phytoremediation
water hyacinth
biosorbent
Opis:
Using water hyacinth as a phytoremediation agent produces abundant biomass due to periodic harvesting in the system. One of the alternative uses of water hyacinth biomass can be a bio-sorbent to absorb metal contamination in the waters. This study aims to determine the quality of activated water hyacinth bio-sorbent, potentially reducing metal cadmium (Cd). The research was conducted from January to April 2022. The results showed that the parameters of water content, iodine absorption, and methylene blue in water hyacinth bio-sorbent had met the quality standard of activated carbon based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995. In contrast, the ash content still did not. In water, hyacinth stem bio-sorbents (stems + ZnCl2 and stems 300 °C + ZnCl2) obtained higher ash content (25.87 and 73.30%) than the ash content of water hyacinth root and leaf bio-sorbent with the same activation treatment. The optimum adsorption capacity (Qe) for the roots + ZnCl2 occurred at a contact time of 45 minutes which was 8.13 mg/g with an absorption efficiency (Ef) of 34.20%. For the root 300 °C + ZnCl2, the optimum adsorption capacity and absorption efficiency occurred at a contact time of 8 hours, namely 9.08 mg/g and 38.66%, respectively. The optimum adsorption capacity and absorption efficiency of the leaves + ZnCl2 occurred at a contact time of 4 hours, namely 7.63 mg/g and 32.12%, respectively. Meanwhile, at the leaves 300 °C + ZnCl2, the optimum adsorption capacity and absorption efficiency occurred at a contact time of 8 hours with a value of Qe = 11.84 mg/g and Ef = 49.35%.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 3; 246--253
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of the Gray Forest Soil Moisture Level on the Accumulation of Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu in Spring Barley Grain
Autorzy:
Razanov, Serhii
Husak, Oksana
Hnativ, Petro
Dydiv, Andrii
Bakhmat, Oleh
Stepanchenko, Vitalii
Pryshchepa, Alla
Shcherbachuk, Victor
Mazurak, Oksana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
soil
heavy metals
Pb
lead
Cd
cadmium
Zn
zinc
Cu
copper
spring barley
accumulation coefficient
concentration
precipitation
artificial moistening
growing season
germination
earing
Opis:
Among a number of climate-related factors, moisture has the greatest impact on crop productivity. In recent years, certain changes have been observed under conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with regard to precipitation – from low to in some cases – abnormally high, which requires the study of their impact on the yield and safety of cereal grain for its forecasted production. The article examined the effect of a high level of soil moisture (256.2–272.5 mm) and a low level (47.4–52.3 mm) during the growing season (germination→earing) of spring barley grain on the accumulation of heavy metals in it and its productivity under the conditions of gray forest soils of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Spring barley varieties Helios and Caesar were selected for the research. A decrease in the accumulation coefficient at a high level of soil moisture (256.6–272.5 mm) in spring barley grain Pb from 8.3% to 11.3%, Cd – from 35.0% to 35.5%, Zn was established – by 15% and Cu – from 11.2% to 16.6% compared to the low level of soil moisture (47.1 mm – 53.3 mm). At the same time, it was found that with a high level of soil moisture, there is a decrease in the yield of Helios and Caesar spring barley by 18.0% and 14.1%, respectively.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 7; 285--292
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of magnetic nanoparticles in an Ionic liquid (BMIM-PF6) based vortex‐assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (VSLLME) for measuring the traces amounts of cadmium in environmental, biological and nutritional samples
Autorzy:
Payab, Meghdad
Maleki, Fatemeh Yousefnezhad
Sheikhloie, Hossein
Baghban, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35505376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Radomskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
VSLLME
cadmium
vortex-assisted
heavy metal
real sample
kadm
metale ciężkie
próbka rzeczywista
Opis:
In the present project, the magnetic nanoparticles were used in a type of an ionic liquid based micro-extraction to measure trace amounts of cadmium in different real samples containing environmental water samples, saliva and human hair. In the optimum condition, the recovery percentages for the real sample were about 94.5% to 101.3%, showing the designed method is suitable to be used for analyzing the real environmental and biological samples. The main parameters were evaluated and optimized as follows: pH was 2.5, the volume of ionic liquid was 150 μl, the amount of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles was 50mg, the volume of the complexing agent was 12 μl, and the vortex time was 1 min and 2 min for ionic liquid, and magnetic nanoparticle distribution steps, respectively. Also, the volume of the medium was 10 to 20 ml.
Źródło:
Scientiae Radices; 2023, 2, 4; 359-377
2956-4808
Pojawia się w:
Scientiae Radices
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biochar as a Cadmium Scavenger in the Aquatic Environment Remediation: Date Seeds as Raw Material
Autorzy:
Al-Tarawneh, Amjad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068474.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biochar
date seed
pyrolysis
cadmium
adsorption
isotherm
spectroscopy
Opis:
It was found that date seeds are suitable for biochar production due to their low moisture content 8.92%, low ash yield 1.05%, and high organic matter content 78.3%. The biochar was produced by pyrolysis at 350, 450 and 550°C. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical characteristics of biochar was investigated. It was found that the porosity, water holding capacity, ash content, pH, organic matter, fixed carbon, and the elemental content of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, P, Zn, Ba, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Ti, and V were increased along with pyrolysis temperature. Meanwhile, the biochar yield, bulk density, and the total content of N and S were decreased. The biochar was tested as a sustainable adsorbent to investigate the adsorption of Cd from contaminated water. The adsorption isotherms of Cd on biochar were determined based on Langmuir equation. The maximum adsorption of Cd at 25°C and pH 7 were 667, 714, and 833 mg/kg for the biochars produced at 350, 450, and 550°C, respectively. On the basis of the physicochemical characteristics of the biochar and the findings from Langmuir equation that showed the biochar produced at 550°C has the highest adsorption capacity for Cd, the desorption/adsorption experiment was carried out using the biochar produced at 550°C. The adsorption of Cd by biochar was directly proportional to the Cd concentrations. It was increased from 0.009 mmol/0.5g at 0.01 mmol Cd to 0.12 mmol/0.5g at 0.2 mmol Cd concentration. The desorption of Cd from biochar was increased proportionally to cadmium concentrations from 0.01 to 0.05 mmol and became constant above 0.05 mmol, regardless of the increment of cadmium concentrations. High retention potential for the cadmium that adsorbed within the biochar was proven in this study with desorption/adsorption percentage of 16%. These findings provide a successful example of date seeds converting into the sustainable adsorbent for Cd removal from aquatic environment to achieve the conception of eco-friendly production, which should be studied further.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 3; 270--280
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cadmium Immobilization in the Rice – Paddy Soil with Biochar Additive
Autorzy:
Thi, Khac Vu
Lan, Phuong Dinh Thi
Hang, Nga Nguyen Thi
Thanh, Hoa Nguyen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Cd
cadmium
soil contamination
rice grain
cadmium accumulation
biochar
straw
Opis:
Cadmium (Cd) is toxic for humans, but its effects on the yield and quality of rice under contaminated irrigation conditions remain uncertain. In this study, paddy soils in the Red River Delta (Vietnam) were selected for experiments with the purpose of understanding the effects of Cd contaminated irrigation water on growth, yields, and grain Cd accumulation. In addition, biochar was produced from rice husk (BRH) and rice straw for preventing Cd infiltration into rice was also studied in this experiment. A field experiment was established with applicated BRH and straw into polluted paddy soil, as a result the Cd content in grains reduced significantly. The Cd contaminated soil was added to the BRH and rice straw (RS) with six ratios, including: (1) RS 2.5%, (2) BRH 2.5%, (3) RS-BRH: 1.25–1.25%, (4) RS 5.0%, (5) BRH 5.0%, (6) RS-BRH: 2.5–2.5%, (w:w). Besides, three content levels 0.01–0.05–0.5 mg/L of Cd in irrigation water were applied throughout crop season. The results showed that the Cd accumulation in rice was in the following order: roots > stems > seeds. With 3 contaminated irrigation levels which were applied, the Cd concentrations of 0.05 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L affected plant height and yield. However, the Cd content in grains under contaminated soil condition can be controlled from 82.47–83.94% by applying a BRH ratio from 2.5–5% (w:w).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 4; 85--95
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of Bio Product on Rice Growth, Rice Yield and Decreases in Cadmium Contents in Soil and Rice Grains
Autorzy:
Sitisara, Wimonrat
Pongpattanasiri, Sukthai
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
bioproduct
cadmium
rice yield
rice growth
Opis:
The aim of this research was to study the effects of chemical (CH) and bioproduct (MIC) fertilizers on rice growth (plant height), rice yield (full grains), and the decrease in cadmium (Cd) contents in soil and rice grains. A silty clay loam (SCL) soil for growing rice was prepared in the laboratory, with Cd addition and pH control. The relationship between CH and MIC fertilizer additions in various amounts with the reduction in the Cd contents of soil and rice grains was explored. As a result, the rice growth in the harvest phase and the yield increased from 138.80 ± 5.72 to 888.40 ± 2.38 cm⋅plant-1 and 689 to 888 seeds⋅plant-1, respectively, when the bioproduct was increased from MIC100 (0.625 L⋅ha-1) to MIC500 (3.125 L⋅ha-1). The Cd content in the soil during the harvest phase, 35.53 mg⋅kg-1, which was less than the standard value of 37.00 mg⋅kg-1 defined by the Pollution Control Department (PCD), Thailand, decreased when the bioproduct increased to MIC500. For the Cd contents in polished rice grains, when MIC500 was added, 0.19 mg⋅kg-1 of Cd was accumulated, which is acceptable according to the Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants (CCFAC) threshold of 0.20 mg⋅kg-1 for Cd. Thus, MIC500 was the most effective in reducing the Cd accumulation in soil and rice grains and promoting rice growth among all MIC amounts.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 4; 105--109
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kadm i jego związki nieorganiczne. Metoda oznaczania w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy
Cadmium and its inorganic compounds. Determination in workplace air
Autorzy:
Surgiewicz, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23352079.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
kadm
związki kadmu
metale rakotwórcze
metoda analityczna
powietrze na stanowiskach pracy
narażenie zawodowe
nauki o zdrowiu
inżynieria środowiska
cadmium
cadmium compounds
carcinogenic metals
analytical method
workplace air
occupational exposure
health sciences
environmental engineering
Opis:
Kadm i jego związki nieorganiczne powodują raka płuc. Wykazano także zależność między narażeniem ludzi na kadm i jego związki a rakiem nerek i prostaty. Szacuje się, że na kadm i jego związki jest narażonych kilka tysięcy osób zatrudnionych w hutnictwie, przy produkcji akumulatorów, stopów, pigmentów, tworzyw sztucznych oraz przy spawaniu. W Polsce wartość najwyższego dopuszczalnego stężenia (NDS) dla kadmu (CAS: 7440-43-9) i jego związków nieorganicznych została zmieniona. Wartość NDS mająca obowiązywać od 2027 roku odnosi się do frakcji wdychalnej i wynosi 0,001 mg/m³ . W okresie przejściowym od lipca 2021 do 2027 roku przyjęto wartość NDS wynoszącą 0,004 mg/m³ . Opracowano metodę oznaczania kadmu i jego nieorganicznych związków umożliwiającą oznaczanie tej substancji w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy z wykorzystaniem metody absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej z elektrotermiczną atomizacją (ET-AAS), zgodną z wymaganiami zawartymi w normie europejskiej PN-EN 482. Kadm oznaczano w zakresie stężeń: 0,10 ÷ 1,00 i 0,50 ÷ 5,00 µg/l. Uzyskano oznaczalność metody w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy wynoszącą 0,0001 mg/m³ oraz możliwość oznaczania tej substancji w zakresie stężeń 0,00010 ÷ 0,0104 mg/m³ dla próbki powietrza 480 l. Przedstawiona metoda umożliwia oznaczanie kadmu i jego związków nieorganicznych w powietrzu na stanowiskach pracy w wymaganym zakresie 0,1 ÷ 2 nowych wartości NDS. Zakres tematyczny artykułu obejmuje zagadnienia zdrowia oraz bezpieczeństwa i higieny środowiska pracy będące przedmiotem badań z zakresu nauk o zdrowiu oraz inżynierii środowiska.
Cadmium and its inorganic compounds cause lung cancer. A relationship between human exposure to cadmium and its inorganic compounds and renal and prostate cancer has also been demonstrated. It is estimated that several thousand people employed in metal production are exposed to cadmium and its inorganic compounds; in metallurgy, in the production batteries, alloys, pigments, plastics and welders. The values of the maximum allowable concentration (NDS) for cadmium [7440-43-9] and its inorganic compounds in Poland were changed. The NDS value, which is meant to become obligatory from 2027, refers to the inhalable fraction and amounts to 0.001 mg/m³ . In the transition period from July 2021 to 2027, the NDS value was set at 0.004 mg/m³ . A method for the determination of cadmium and its inorganic compounds was developed, enabling the determination of this substance in the air at workplaces with the use of the atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization (ET AAS), in accordance with the requirements of the European standard PN-EN 482. Cadmium was determined in the concentration range: 0.10–1.00 µg/l and 0.50–5.00 µg/l. The method’s determination in the air at workplaces of 0.0001 mg/m³ was obtained for, as well as the possibility of determining this substance in the concentration range of 0.00010–0.0104 mg/m³ for a 480-l air sample. The presented method enables the determination of this substance in the air at workplaces in the required range of 0.1–2 new NDS values. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
Źródło:
Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy; 2022, 3 (113); 153--183
1231-868X
Pojawia się w:
Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of selective retention of Cd-Ni ions from aqueous solutions by polymer enhanced ultrafiltration
Autorzy:
Can, Muhammed F.
Arslan, Fatma
Çelik, Mehmet S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146925.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cadmium
nickel
polymer enhanced ultrafiltration
polyethylenimine (PEI)
selective heavy metal ion retention
Opis:
Polymer enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) technique economically enables separation and/or retention of various heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions for environmental and engineering problems. Polyethylenimine as the water-soluble complexation agent utilized to interact with heavy metal ions of Cd and Ni as cations in ultrafiltration experiments were modeled with protonation data to understand the mechanism. Test runs showed that an enrichment coefficient (the ratio of Cd over Ni in permeate) up to 10 was obtained at pH 4.2 in the temperature range of 20-22oC, whereas full retention of both cations is possible above pH 5.0 and those results are highly compatible with the model developed.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2022, 58, 5; art. no. 151913
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Removal of Cadmium using Alkaline-Treated Activated Carbon from Leucaena Leucocephala Biomass
Autorzy:
Ibrahim, W. M. H. W.
Sulaiman, Nurul Syuhada
Amini, Mohd Hazim Mohammad
Kadir, W. R. A.
Mohamed, Mazlan
Ramle, Sitti Fatimah Mhd
Bilgin, Ugur
Rahman, Wan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2125550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
activated carbon
cadmium
Leucaena leucocephala
adsorption
Opis:
Water contamination that caused by heavy metals is a very common phenomenon in the industrial age. One of the popular way to treat metal contaminated water is by adsorption process using activated carbon as the adsorbent. This paper works on producing activated carbon by chemical means with impregnation ratios of NaOH:char (w/w) was predetermined at 1:1 (ACT1-1), 2:1 (ACT2-1) and 3:1 (ACT3-1) under activation temperature of 700°C. Considering the Leucaena leucocephala is a wildly, easy and fast grown species, with the availability throught the year, it was chosen to be used as the precursor. The properties of these activated carbons and its potential for cadmium removal from aqueus solution was analyzed. It was found that the highest surface area was recorded at 662.76 m²/g. Four parameters were studied which are contact time, the effect of pH, initial concentration of adsorbate and temperature. The equilibrium time was achieved in 40 min treatment at initial concentrations of 30 mg/l. The adsorbent exhibited good sorption potential for cadmium at pH 8.0 and equilibrium temperature of 30℃. Based on the results, this study had proved that activated carbon from Leucaena leucocephala biomass have the good potential to be used for removal of cadmium from wastewater.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 3; 1033--1036
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The environmental fate of metals from zinc and lead mining area in surface water (Przemsza River, southern Poland)
Autorzy:
Pierri, Dorota
Rutkowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
Zn-Pb ore
Upper Silesia region
Przemsza River
metals pollution
thallium
cadmium
mercury
Opis:
The chemical composition of surface waters of the Przemsza River flowing through Upper Silesia (in southern Poland) is strongly affected by Zn and Pb ore, and less by Carboniferous hard coal deposits. The chemical type of surface water is Ca-HCO3. In the waters, three groups of metals and metalloids were found that directly interfere with the mineralization of the deposit. Although genetically related to the same deposit, each group exhibits a different fate in the environment. A typical deposit association is Pb-Zn-Ag-As-Sb-Hg. The first group of metals in surface waters is consistent with the typical association of the ore Zn-Pb-Cd-(Tl), the second includes Ag-Sb-Hg, and the third includes the additives in the zinc and lead ore Co-Ni-Mo-Mn: [formula]. Depending on the pH-Eh conditions, metals and metalloids precipitate out of the solution or sorb on solid particles. The concentrations of individual groups of metals are interdependent but show different environmental fates along the river course. The natural process of the enrichment of surface waters with Zn-Pb-Cd-(Tl) is by water circulation in a rock matrix naturally rich in the metals and draining groundwaters by the river. Under oxidizing and slightly alkaline conditions, Ag-Sb-Hg incorporated into the soluted chemical compounds, may, when the physicochemical parameters of the waters change, be adsorbed and/or precipitated. The presence and ratio of concentrations of Co-Ni-Mo-Mn with respect to zinc are almost identical, differing only in concentration.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2022, 48, 4; 353--366
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of well-known antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cadmium-induced toxicity
Autorzy:
Sitek, Agnieszka
Kozłowska, Lucyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085759.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
vitamin A
β-carotene
vitamin E
vitamin C
oxidative stress
cadmium exposure
Opis:
Long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) leads to the development of a number of conditions associated with liver and kidney damage, reproductive and cardiovascular disorders, in addition to visual impairment, blindness and hearing loss, among others. Cadmium has been classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The toxicity of Cd is related to its pro-oxidant properties and the associated increase in oxidative stress. Antioxidant ingredients may be helpful in preventing the adverse effects of Cd. The effect of well-known antioxidant vitamins (E, C, A and β-carotene) in the prevention of Cd-induced toxicity is presented in this study. Numerous studies in animal models have shown that the effects of vitamins: E, C, A, and β-carotene were effective in reducing Cd concentrations in organs and tissues and reduced Cd-induced changes in liver, kidney, and reproductive, circulatory, nervous, immune, and respiratory systems. In contrast, the limited number of human studies does not allow to accurately determine the role of these nutrients in reducing Cd-induced toxicity, indicating the need for further studies clarifying the role of antioxidant vitamins in reducing Cd-induced toxicity. However, it seems reasonable to promote the consumption of natural food products that are sources of antioxidant vitamins in groups of people with occupational and environmental exposure to Cd.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 4; 367-392
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 307

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