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    Tytuł:
    Biological Medicinal Therapy in terms of Respecting Patients’ Rights – Assessment of the Present Legal Status in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka E.
    Susłowska, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895517.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-04-29
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    patient safety
    patients’ rights
    biological medicinal product
    informed consent
    Opis:
    Introduction: Patients’ rights must be respected at every stage of therapy, including during biological drug therapy. For clinicians, it is key to be involved in the decision-making process with regard to the choices of medication and possible drug substitution. In Poland, the law encourages automatic drug substitution and does not recognise disparities in biological drugs. Aim: The main aim of the paper is to describe the present legal situation depicting the scope of autonomy of a hospitalised patient. Methods: An analysis was conducted of the Polish regulations, the doctrine and administrative decisions and European Medicines Agency guidance documents. Results: In Poland, patients who require therapy with advanced technologies such as biopharmaceuticals, may obtain access to a medicine within a special drug reimbursement programme in a hospital. Hospitals are supplied with the drugs necessary for drug therapy programmes via public procurement. This means that hospital procurement procedures decide which drug a patient will receive. It is not the decision of the health care provider. In view of this, the Polish Patient Ombudsman, in a decision confirmed by the Provincial Administrative Courts, pointed out that the selection of a drug for therapy should depend on current medical knowledge rather than on the result of a tender carried out by a hospital. Conclusions: Polish solutions based on the lack of an obligatory requirement to consult a substitution with a treating physician deviate from the standard practices followed in numerous EU countries and the US.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2020, 77, 2; 373-379
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    WPŁYW NOWEJ USTAWY O PRODUKTACH KOSMETYCZNYCH NA POPRAWĘ BEZPIECZEŃSTWA ICH STOSOWANIA
    The influence of the new act on cosmetic products on the improvement of the safety of use
    Autorzy:
    Pilarska, Anna
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/762583.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-01-20
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    kosmetyki
    ustawodawstwo
    bezpieczeństwo produktów konsumenckich
    cosmetics
    legislation
    consumer product safety
    Opis:
    Cosmetic products are one of three categories of products that are associated with purchasing in pharmacies. This is mainly due to the high level of confidence in products bought in pharmacies and personal conviction concerning their safety. In fact, the requirements for cosmetics safety are the same for products sold in pharmacies, as well as in any other places. Frequently patients buying cosmetics in pharmacies have no awareness of the fact, that this category of products is regulated differently from medicinal products. It is crucial for patients, who have doubts about the safety of the products, to be able to obtain the necessary information from the pharmacist especially on how and to whom the adverse reaction should be reported. This study analyses the new act on cosmetic products, which has been enacted on January 1, 2019. It contains provisions that are to be an effective enforcement instrument for entities placing cosmetic products on the market to ensure compliance with the relevant obligations set out in Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30th November 2009 on cosmetic products. Cosmetic products are one of three categories of products that are associated with purchasing in pharmacies. This is mainly due to the high level of confidence in products bought in pharmacies and personal conviction concerning their safety. In fact, the requirements for cosmetics safety are the same for products sold in pharmacies, as well as in any other places. Frequently patients buying cosmetics in pharmacies have no awareness of the fact, that this category of products is regulated differently from medicinal products. It is crucial for patients, who have doubts about the safety of the products, to be able to obtain the necessary information from the pharmacist especially on how and to whom the adverse reaction should be reported. This study analyses the new act on cosmetic products, which has been enacted on January 1, 2019. It contains provisions that are to be an effective enforcement instrument for entities placing cosmetic products on the market to ensure compliance with the relevant obligations set out in Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30th November 2009 on cosmetic products.
    Produkty kosmetyczne znajdują się w pierwszej trójce kategorii produktów kojarzonych z zakupami dokonywanymi w aptece. Wynika to przede wszystkim z wysokiego poziomu zaufania do produktów kupowanych w aptece i przekonania, że produkt apteczny jest produktem bezpiecznym. W rzeczywistości wymagania dotyczące bezpieczeństwa kosmetyków są takie same dla produktów sprzedawanych w aptekach, jak i w każdym innym miejscu. Niejednokrotnie pacjenci kupujący kosmetyki w aptece nie mają także świadomości, że ta kategoria produktów uregulowana jest w odmienny sposób od produktów leczniczych, czy wyrobów medycznych. Warto, by w sytuacji, gdy pacjenci mający wątpliwości co do bezpieczeństwa zastosowanego produktu, mogli uzyskać od farmaceuty informacje, w jaki sposób i do kogo należy zgłosić działanie niepożądane kosmetyku. Niniejsze opracowanie analizuje nową ustawę o produktach kosmetycznych, która weszła w życie 1 stycznia 2019 r. Zawiera ona zapisy, które mają stanowić narzędzie do skutecznego egzekwowania od podmiotów wprowadzających produkty kosmetyczne do obrotu, przestrzegania przepisów Rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (WE) nr 1223/2009 z 30 listopada 2009 r. dotyczącego produktów kosmetycznych.
    Źródło:
    Farmacja Polska; 2020, 75, 12; 698-703
    0014-8261
    2544-8552
    Pojawia się w:
    Farmacja Polska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Limitation of patients’ rights during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Piątkowska, Kamila
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Pilarska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1197570.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-05-25
    Wydawca:
    Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny
    Tematy:
    legislation
    patients’ rights
    COVID-19
    compassionate use
    Opis:
    Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the observance and limitation of patients’ rights all over the world, including Poland. Material and methods: We analysed in detail the Polish legal acts relevant to healthcare in terms of their impact on the patients’ rights. Our analysis is based on the Bill of Patients’ Rights that was in force in Poland before the announcement of the state of epidemic (March 20th 2020). The legal acts were analysed by use of the exegesis of legal texts and comparative legal literature rules. Results: The patients’ right to family life and presence of relatives during the performance of healthcare services and to additional nursing care has been directly limited. Rights that have been limited indirectly include the right to healthcare services (limited by the use of telemedicine) and the right to dignified death and pastoral care (patients often die alone). The limitations also have an indirect impact on the right to confidentiality and respect for privacy and dignity. Conclusions: Our analysis identified limited patients’ rights in Poland without entitlement to pursue claims thereunder.
    Źródło:
    European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine; 2021, 4, 1; 79-85
    2657-3148
    2657-3156
    Pojawia się w:
    European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE SERVICES IN POLAND
    Autorzy:
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Susłowska, Natalia
    Gaworska-Krzemińska, Aleksandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895340.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    community pharmacy
    Emergency contraceptive pill
    simulated patient
    pharmacy consultation
    Opis:
    Pharmacies are acknowledged to have a key role in the provision of health services, including emergency contraceptive services and under the right circumstances could meet the growing expectations for reproductive health education and consultations. Pharmaceutical emergency contraceptive service provided by pharmacists include ensuring the availability of required medicines, correct dispensing, providing comprehensive information, all of which requires not only consultations that are health-oriented and educational, but also providing the patient with an adequately private situation to talk with the pharmacist. Objectives: The aim of the paper is to evaluate pharmaceutical emergency contraceptive services provided in polish pharmacies. Material and methods: The observational study included 60 community pharmacies of different profiles located in Gdansk (Poland). Our method was to use “standardized (simulated) patients”. Results: The study revealed the low availability of emergency contraception in Gdańsk pharmacies. Pharmacy employees provided drug-related information in 51.6% of study’s visits. None of the pharmacies provided patients with educational information on reproductive health. Regarding the respecting of patients’ rights privacy and intimacy, overall, the pharmacies scored 4.41 on a five-point scale. Conclusions: Our study sought to identify both the developed and underdeveloped aspects of a comprehensive emergency contraceptive service. Pharmacy employees in the study provided patients with a narrow range of information on hormonal medications and they failed to include sexual health education in their work. The patient’s right to expect that intimacy and privacy will be respected during their consultation was met to a satisfactory degree.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 6; 1431-1438
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prescription errors and medicined supply problems in community pharmacy practice - preliminary study
    Autorzy:
    Susłowska, Natalia
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka E.
    Balwicki, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895527.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-04-29
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    pharmaceutical law
    Drug Prescription
    pharmacies
    pateint safety
    Opis:
    Polish legislation has indicated e-prescription as the preferential way of prescribing drugs, the traditional paper form of prescription is still more common. The Polish Pharmaceutical Law Act defines the information that must be included in a prescription. Pharmacists have noted that a large number of paper prescriptions do not contain all the required information. These shortcomings can be classified as prescription errors. According to international literature, prescription errors can be divided into errors of omission and errors of commission, which require the absolute intervention of a pharmacist. The first error type is the situation in which the document lacks important, required information or it is illegible or unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the type and frequency of problems related to the dispensing of paper-based prescriptions. The study included a detailed analysis of formal prescription deficiencies with respect to the place where the prescription was prescribed and the qualifications of the prescriber. 2044 prescriptions were collected in regard to problems and formal errors. This study provided data on the type and frequency of problems related to the dispensing of paper prescriptions. An higher percentage of not dispensed prescriptions was noted in pharmacies where the majority of prescriptions came from hospital emergency departments. The most common problems were related to the lack of a drug in the pharmacy stock and the legibility of the prescription. It was also noted that the higher the percentage of prescriptions issued by dentists, the greater the number of problem situations.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2020, 77, 2; 361-371
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Legitimacy and potential savings in automatic substitution of biological products in Poland, the example of insulin
    Autorzy:
    Wąż, Piotr
    Gruchała, Katarzyna A.
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-10-31
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    biologics
    biosimilars
    substitution
    Opis:
    Currently in Poland there is no regulation aiming at framing the complexity of substitution process arising at pharmacy level. In practice such process exists in variety type of products, both generic and biological scope. Lack of integrity in terms of this process between authorised medical professions who held it, might lead to further costs both for the health care system and patients. The aim of the study is to explain, that the economic advantage, which very often is the result of performed substitution process, in some types of products such as bio-logical ones, should be preceded with the decision of the treating physi-cian. Only then, in the cooperation between persons prescribing and dispensing certain medicinal product the process of substitution may fully use its potential of money saving along with the control over a certain patient. The study brings the yet unknown classification of dif-ferences in costs between actually performed automatic substitution of products containing human insulin in the pharmacy setting in Poland in four year period in five Voivodeships.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 5; 1255-1263
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Legal and economic identification and assessment of pharmacy substitution in narrow therapeutic index drugs, on the example of epileptic medications in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Gruchała, Katarzyna
    Wąż, Piotr
    Kawczak, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895513.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    pharmacy substitution
    carbamazepine
    pharmacy law
    Opis:
    Currently in Poland there is neither regulation aiming at framing the complexity of substitution process arising at pharmacy level, nor further guidelines depending on drug category. FDA describes a narrow therapeutic index drug (NTI) in the 21 Code of Federal Regulations 320.33(c) and highlights that safe and effective use of such drug products require careful titration and patient monitoring. In major therapeutic areas disadvantages of the generic substitution are irrelevant or minor in comparison to the economic benefit. In epilepsy, a number of experts and professional bodies have recommended caution with generic substitution of drugs used in this condition. Aim of the study is to legally and economically identify and assess drug sub-stitution occurrence in Polish background among selected narrow therapeutic index drugs used in epilepsy. Paper is divided into two sections: first is retrospective based and tackles the data received from the National Health Fund; whereas second section takes under consideration questionnaire based results gained during medical history being collect-ed with the patients. Basing on most commonly substituted substance in epilepsy: carbamazepine, the maximum single difference in cost in substitution at the pharmacy was identified around the level of 1.7 PLN, and maximum extra pay at the same level. Ob-served/reported changes, ADRs, discomfort were provided based on the question-naire. The study highlights the necessity of planning process and evaluation of cur-rent market regulations.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 6; 1447-1458
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Status prawny medycznej marihuany – badanie wiedzy i opinii studentów farmacji
    Legal status of medical marijuana - studying knowledge and opinions among pharmacy students
    Autorzy:
    Gazdowicz, Magdalena
    Susłowska, Natalia
    Piątkowska, Kamila
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/762649.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-07-21
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    medyczna marihuana
    status prawny
    studenci farmacji
    wiedza
    opinie
    prawo farmaceutyczne
    medical marijuana
    legal status
    pharmacy students
    knowledge
    opinions
    pharmacy law
    Opis:
    Background: Medical marijuana was legalized in Poland in 2017. Cannabinoids contained in marijuana can play a big role in the treatment of pain. The right to pain treatment is especially needed for palliative patients, as it ensures them dying in dignity and peace. With the growing occurrence of medical marijuana in the treatment of patients, future pharmacists should acquire the necessary knowledge on this topic during their studies. Pharmacists have a legal obligation to provide information on prescription medicinal products containing cannabis, including storage and use of the medicinal product dispensed, as well as precautions related to the medicinal product dispensed. Aim of the study: The study looked for answers to questions about the level of pharmacy students’ knowledge concerning medical marijuana and relationship between the year of study and level of knowledge. On the basis of a medical prescription, pharmacists make prescription drugs containing medicinal hemp in pharmacies. Materials and methods: The survey study was conducted from February 25 to April 19. The studied group consisted of 132 pharmacy students from all Pharmaceutical Departments in Poland. The form contained 16 questions. Most of these questions were disjunctive and in several of them the Likert scale was used again. Results: The results of the study indicate that pharmacy students rate their knowledge of medical marijuana very low. Students do not know the indications for medical cannabis use or its side effects. The study sought to find out if there was a need for additional education for students about medical marijuana. No correlation was found between the year of study and the knowledge of pharmacy students. Conslusions: Education about endocannabinoid system in the course of pharmacy studies is negligible, therefore there is an increased need to include this topic in the pharmaceutical study program. Regardless of the year of study, the level of pharmacy students' knowledge about indications, side effects or how to take medical marijuana is low and they need additional education in this field
    Przedmiot badań: Medyczna marihuana zyskuje obecnie popularność w terapii pacjentów cierpiących na przewlekły ból. Produkty lecznicze zawierające w swoim składzie kannabinoidy są coraz częściej obecne na aptecznych półkach, dlatego przyszli farmaceuci powinni zdobywać niezbędną wiedzę o medycznej marihuanie podczas studiów. Cel badań: Celem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie wiedzy i opinii studentów farmacji w Polsce na temat medycznej marihuany. W badaniu szukano związku między rokiem studiów a poziomem wiedzy studentów. Badanie miało również na celu sprawdzenie, czy istnieje potrzeba dodatkowej edukacji na temat marihuany medycznej na studiach farmaceutycznych. Materiał i metody: Przeprowadzono autorską ankietę, w grupie 132 studentów farmacji ze wszystkich wydziałów farmaceutycznych w Polsce. Wyniki: Analiza obowiązujących przepisów prawnych w Polsce oraz badanie ankietowe pozwalają stwierdzić, że poziom wiedzy studentów na temat marihuany medycznej jest niski, niezależnie od roku studiów. Wnioski: Edukacja o układzie endokannabinoidowym w toku studiów na kierunku farmacja jest znikoma, dlatego istnieje zwiększona potrzeba zawarcia tego tematu w programie studiów farmaceutycznych
    Źródło:
    Farmacja Polska; 2020, 76, 5; 250-257
    0014-8261
    2544-8552
    Pojawia się w:
    Farmacja Polska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A policy view: gaps and weaknesses of substitution between biological products in law and economics dimension: the example of insulin
    Autorzy:
    Gruchała, Katarzyna A.
    Waz, Piotr
    Kawczak, Piotr
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Wolnik, Bogumił
    Baczek, Tomasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895366.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-08-31
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    insulin
    biosimilars
    substitution
    drug policy
    legilation
    Opis:
    The purpose of the study is to analyze the act of substitution between biological products. Diabetes mellitus notes the greatest increase in the projected causes of deaths globally till 2030. The proper drug substitution process may help to increase the control over the disease management. In this paper authors try to identify and explain the challenges for the health policies and legislations in emerging markets and low- and middle-income countries. Analysis of retrospective data covering prescribed-dispensed insulin products was performed. The study is based on the law and economics approach with the application of the planning theory and modeling. The study shows the scope of substitution process of insulin and highlights the necessity of univocal legal approach profiled for this therapy area. Prognosis of created base model indicates at constant presence of substitution process of insulin. Substitution is to bring financial savings for patients, it is yet however unknown whether savings arising from the act of purchase will still have positive impact on undertaken therapy process in long-term period. These findings may inform about important factors and how emerging markets and low- and middle-income countries can increase progress of the substitution process.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2018, 75, 4; 1003-1015
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    OFF-LABEL USE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS - LEGAL RULES AND PRACTICES
    Autorzy:
    Jaroszyński, Janusz
    Mela, Aneta
    Furtak-Niczyporuk, Marzena
    Staniszewska, Anna
    Poniatowski, Łukasz A.
    Dąbrowski, Jan
    Czajka-Bełz, Anna
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Dreher, Piotr
    Drop, Bartłomiej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895505.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-08-30
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
    Tematy:
    health policy
    pharmaceuticals
    medicinal products
    off-label drug use
    prescribing
    Opis:
    The off-label use of medicinal products raises many interpretation-related issues, not only among physicians, but also pharmacists and lawyers. The use of drugs in a manner other than that specified in the Summary of Product Characteristics is not regulated by Polish law. The authors’ goal is to discuss the topic mainly from the practical perspective, while also considering its theoretical aspects, and to identify systemic solutions to several problems, that are extremely important for the proper functioning of the entire healthcare system. The paper highlights that there is a fine line between experimental medicinal practices and those that are in keeping with current medical knowledge.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2019, 76, 4; 621-628
    0001-6837
    2353-5288
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odpady cytostatyczne i cytotoksyczne – zasady postępowania w Polsce
    Cytostatic and cytotoxic waste – rules of conduct in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Furtak-Niczyporuk, Marzena
    Jaroszyński, Janusz
    Mela, Aneta
    Staniszewska, Anna
    Piotrowska, Jowita
    Zimmermann, Agnieszka
    Czajka-Bełz, Anna
    Dreher, Piotr
    Dąbrowski, Jan
    Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162684.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-06-14
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    lek cytotoksyczny
    cytostatyk
    niebezpieczne odpady medyczne
    bezpieczeństwo pracy z cytostatykami
    usuwanie leków
    bezpieczne postępowanie z cytostatykami
    cytotoxic drug
    cytostatic drug
    hazardous medical waste
    safety of work with cytostatic drugs
    drug disposal
    safe handling of cytostatic drugs
    Opis:
    Polska jest jednym z krajów europejskich, w których wytwarza się najwięcej niebezpiecznych odpadów medycznych. Mimo że w Europie ilość produkowanych odpadów cytotoksycznych i cytostatycznych (stosowanych w chemioterapii przez chorych onkologicznie) od kilku lat się zmniejsza, w Polsce – rośnie. Odpady te stanowią zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa dla pracowników medycznych oraz chorych otrzymujących leki. Dlatego wymagane są specjalne procedury postępowania, które pozwalają ograniczyć szkodliwość tych leków dla zdrowia ludzi. Celem pracy było przedstawienie zasad postępowania w Polsce z lekami cytotoksycznymi i cytostatycznymi oraz ich odpadami. Med. Pr. 2019;70(3):377–391
    Poland is one of the European countries with the highest level of production of dangerous medical waste. Although in Europe the volume of produced cytotoxic and cytostatic waste (used in chemotherapy by oncological patients) has been declining for several years, in Poland a reverse trend has been observed. As this waste puts the safety of medical workers and patients at risk, special handling procedures are required to limit the harmful effect of these drugs on human health. In view of the above, the aim of the work was to present the rules of conduct with cytotoxic and cytostatic drugs, and their waste, in Poland. Med Pr. 2019;70(3):377–91
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Pracy; 2019, 70, 3; 377-391
    0465-5893
    2353-1339
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Pracy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Practical problems for introductory electrical engineering
    Autorzy:
    Makal, Jarosław
    Alinejad, Aria
    Lundheim, Lars
    Bolstad, Torstein
    Tybell, Thomas
    Hardeberg Zimmermann, Pauline
    Białostocka, Anna
    Choroszucho, Agnieszka
    Forenc, Jarosław
    Karpiuk, Andrzej
    Sierocka, Honorata
    Steckiewicz, Adam
    Gajić, Bojana
    Raičević,, Nebojša B.
    Suproniuk, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/books/2204855.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Opis:
    What makes up a good problem? We will not attempt to give a complete answer to that question. A partial answer is that, for engineering education, it is desirable if a problem in some sense is practical. It should, if possible, relate to the students’ previous experience, connect to applications that the student knows or is about to learn about. Such experienced relevance of the problem might be the spark that inspires an otherwise marginally motivated learner.When selecting problems for this booklet, we have chosen such ones that in our experience have served us well. Several of them have been developed and revised in collaboration with students and learning assistants and have been tried out in courses at our respective institutions. Even though intended learning objectives may be common, the actual syllabus and course construction must always be adapted to local culture, tradition and administrative requirements. A reader may find that some of our suggestions fit well with his or her own way of teaching, others not.
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Książka
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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