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Tytuł:
Wymóg zaszczepienia się przeciw COVID-19 przez usługobiorcę jako ograniczenie swobody świadczenia usług w UE
Requirement for the recipient to get vaccinated against COVID-19 as a restriction on freedom to provide services in the EU
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/6567728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
rynek wewnętrzny UE
swoboda świadczenia usług
środki ograniczające
szczepienia przeciwko COVID
certyfikaty szczepień
EU internal market
freedom to provide services
restrictive measures
vaccinations against COVID
vaccination certificates
Opis:
Akcji szczepień przeciw COVID-19 w UE, rozpoczętej na przełomie 2020 i 2021 r., niemal od początku towarzyszy dyskusja na temat dokumentu potwierdzającego fakt otrzymania szczepionki przeciw COVID-19 lub przebycia tej choroby i w konsekwencji uzyskania odporności na zakażenie koronawirusem SARS-CoV-2. Propozycję wprowadzenia takiego dokumentu, nazwanego unijnym zaświadczeniem cyfrowym, Komisja Europejska przedstawiła w marcu 2021 r. Z punktu widzenia prawa rynku wewnętrznego UE istotny jest materialnoprawny wymóg zaszczepienia się przeciw COVID-19 do celów transgranicznego korzystania z różnego rodzaju usług, którego spełnienie potwierdza unijne zaświadczenie cyfrowe. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, czy wymóg zaszczepienia się przeciw COVID-19 przez obywatela państwa członkowskiego UE zamierzającego skorzystać z usług oferowanych w innym państwie członkowskim UE należy uznać za, co do zasady zakazane, ograniczenie swobody świadczenia usług w UE. Wniosek, że tak jest w istocie, umożliwia wskazanie warunków, jakie muszą być spełnione, by przedmiotowy wymóg był zgodny z prawem UE.
The campaign of vaccination against COVID-19 in the EU, launched at the turn of 2020 and 2021, is almost from the beginning accompanied by a discussion on the document confirming the fact of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine or having this disease and, consequently, obtaining immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection. The proposal to introduce such a document, called an EU Digital COVID Certificate, was presented by the European Commission in March 2021. From the point of view of the EU internal market law, the substantive legal requirement to get vaccinated against COVID-19 for the purpose of cross-border use of various types of services, the fulfillment of which has been confirmed by an EU Digital COVID Certificate, is important. The aim of the paper is to examine whether the requirement to get vaccinated against COVID-19 by a citizen of an EU Member State wishing to use services offered in another EU Member State should be regarded as, in principle prohibited, restriction of the freedom to provide services in the EU. The conclusion that this is the case makes it possible to indicate the conditions which must be fulfilled for the requirement in question to be compatible with EU law.
Źródło:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego; 2022, 1; 10-18
0137-5490
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EXTREME MATERIAL POVERTY AS A NEGATIVE PREREQUISITE FOR THE TRANSFER OF AN APPLICANT FOR INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION TO THE COMPETENT MEMBER STATE AND FOR THE REJECTION OF AN APPLICATION FOR THE GRANT OF REFUGEE STATUS AS BEING INADMISSIBLE
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Izabela Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/784231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
EU asylum law, Regulation (EU) No 604/2013, Directive 2013/32/EU, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU, extreme material poverty
Opis:
             The essential measures for a common European asylum system adopted by the EU institutions include the Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 and the Directive 2013/32/EU. These acts relate to the various stages of the functioning of the common European asylum system, however, there may be a risk of a violation of the fundamental rights of applicants as set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU, including the prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment (Article 4 of the Charter), at both stages. Such a risk may arise as a result of deficiencies in asylum systems of the Member States. If these deficiencies are to fall within the scope of Article 4 of the Charter, they must attain a particularly high level of severity, which depends on all the circumstances of the case. An example of attaining this particularly high level of severity is the situation of extreme material poverty. As acts of the EU asylum law do not contain the terms “particularly high level of severity” and “extreme material poverty” and all the more they do not define them, guidelines on how to interpret and apply Article 4 of the Charter in the context of the common European asylum system should be sought in the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU. Therefore, the aim of the article is to explore and attempt to generalise and develop the basis and the criteria indicated by the CJEU for assessing the actual nature of deficiencies in the asylum system of the Member State in question from the point of view of the prohibition laid down in Article 4 of the Charter, with particular emphasis on the criterion of a particularly high level of severity and the situation of extreme material poverty which meets this criterion.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2019, 37, 2; 139-161
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artificial intelligence systems and the right to good administration
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Izabela Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
EU law
fundamental rights
right to good administration
artificial intelligence
AI systems
Opis:
The use of AI in public administration is becoming a reality, although it is still a long way from large-scale undertakings . The right to good administration, well-established in EU legal order, is equally real, however, it must be borne in mind that this right has so far been defined only in relation to traditional administration . Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to examine whether the use of AI in public administration would allow individuals to fully exercise their right to good administration. To achieve this purpose, it is reconstructed, on the basis of EU law provisions in force and the case-law of the CJEU, the meaning and scope of the right to good administration, and analysed, taking into account a definition of AI systems and planned legislative changes, whether and to what extent the reconstructed understanding of this right enables the use of AI systems in public administration. In the course of research the hypothesis that the right to good administration does not preclude the use of AI systems in public administration is verified . As the conducted analysis shows, the right to good administration as interpreted in traditional administration enables the use of AI systems in public administration, provided that the appropriate quality of these systems and the level of knowledge and skills of the parties and authorities are ensured .
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2022, 49, 2; 203-223
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of lipegfilgrastim on hematopoietic reconstitution and supportive treatment after megachemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies
Autorzy:
Frączak, Ewa
Dybko, Jarosław
Rybka, Justyna
Biedroń, Monika
Dereń-Wagemann, Izabela
Urbaniak-Kujda, Donata
Kuliczkowski, Kazimierz
Wróbel, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1064904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Medical Education
Tematy:
G-CSF
auto-PBSCT
lymphoproliferative malignancies
Opis:
Megachemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (auto-PBSCT) is a standard treatment option in patients below 70 years of age with multiple myeloma (MM) as well as with relapsed and refractory lymphomas. Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) are commonly used to accelerate bone marrow recovery after chemotherapy and reduce the duration of severe neutropenia. Lipegfilgrastim is a glicopegylated G-CSF with prolonged action registered for adult patients with malignant neoplasms in order to reduce the duration of neutropenia and the incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN). So far, there is not enough data to confirm the effectiveness and safety of this drug in patients with hematological malignancies including those undergoing auto-PBSCT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of lipegfilgrastim on hematopoietic regeneration and supportive care after auto-PBSCT in patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies. The study population consisted of 30 patients (12 female and 18 male; median age: 50 years ± 13), including 13 patients with MM, 5 with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and 12 with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (nHL). The median number of transplanted CD34+ cells was 3.96 ± 1.56 × 10^6/kg of body mass. On day +1 after auto-PBSCT, the patients received lipegfilgrastim in a single 6 mg subcutaneous injection. The control group consisted of 32 patients (13 female and 19 male; median age: 50 years ± 6.4), including 13 with MM, 8 with HL and 11 with nHL, who received subcutaneous filgrastim in a dose of 5 μg/kg/day from day +1 after transplantation and continued to an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1.5 × 10^9/L. There was no significant difference in the time of regeneration ANC > 0.5 × 10^9/L which was 10.65 ± 1.00 vs. 11.51 ± 2.29 days respectively in the study and control group. Similar observations were noted regarding the duration of febrile neutropenia (2.16 ± 2.22 vs. 1.70 ± 4.17 days; p = 0.998), regeneration of platelets (PLT) > 20 × 10^9/L (12.41 ± 2.41 vs. 13.82 ± 4.48 days; p = 0.233) and demand for transfusion of red blood cells (0.76 ± 1.07 vs. 1.33 ± 2.33 units; p = 0.414) and platelets (11.5 ± 6.9 vs. 19.2 ± 17.7 units; p = 0.08). Different results were observed for the length of hospitalization, which was significantly shorter in the lipegfilgrastim group (16.14 ± 14 vs. 24.46 ± 6.79 days; p = 0.000). Lipegfilgrastim is as effective as filgrastim with regards to the regeneration of the hematopoietic system, duration of febrile neutropenia, demand for transfusion of blood products and significantly reduces hospitalization in patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies after auto-PBSCT.
Źródło:
OncoReview; 2016, 6, 2; A66-71
2450-6125
Pojawia się w:
OncoReview
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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