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Tytuł:
Functions of elections in democratic systems
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
elections
functions of elections
Opis:
Elections are a procedure typical for democratic systems, but also systems which do not respect the principles of democracy often employ them. However, due to their different functional positioning, they fulfill various functions. The presented text is an attempt to present the most important functions performed by the elections in democratic systems. The adopted model of generalization has allowed for separation of seven basic functions, present in all elections: delegation of political representation; selection of the political elite; legitimisation of those in power; control over authorities; political accountability; creation of political programmes; recreation of public opinion image. The presented typology allows for its use both in different types of elections (parliamentary, presidential, local, regional and European Parliament) as well as in relation to different electoral systems. The general nature of the described types of functions allows the separation of specific categories within its framework, but the objective of the present study has determined that the focus remains on the description and analysis of the presented types.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2013, 4; 25-38
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determinanty zmiany systemu wyborczego
The Determinants of Electoral System Change
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
change of the electoral system
electoral system in Poland
electoral crisis
reforms of the election law
Opis:
Elections are a tool for the competing entities to achieve political goals. Therefore, electoral procedures are a significant element affecting their political perspectives. A change in the electoral system depends on balance of power in the parliament. In practice, two models of electoral reforms are possible. In the first of them, political parties collaborate to reform the system. Thus, they protect the interests of as many parties as possible. In the second one, the majority can force others to accept the solutions that are beneficial for them. The majority promote the institutional patterns and procedures that give them a chance to consolidate or increase the relative power of influence of elections. The presented paper includes the analysis of social preferences concerning a reform of the electoral system in Poland. The study revealed the preference for the cooperative model of changing the electoral system. Only the respondents who identified themselves as having right-wing inclinations approved of the competitive model.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2016, 12; 25-36
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczne postrzeganie korupcji politycznej w perspektywie oceny uczciwości władz politycznych
The Social Perception of Political Corruption vs the Evaluation of Honesty of Political Authorities
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514793.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
corruption,
political corruption
political power
honesty
Opis:
Political corruption is a multidimensional phenomenon, concerning political authorities at all possible levels. It is defined as the abuse of power by political entities in order to obtain personal benefits in the form of greater power or wealth. It shows that the subject of political corruption is not only material benefits but also the mechanisms of increasing the influence or special treatment. The character of political corruption results in the public interest in it, enhanced by the public character of the individuals it refers to. It is also influenced by the processual character of the phenomenon itself, but first of all by the specific attractive nature of corruption in social awareness. The article presents the findings of research concerning opinions on political corruption. Its goal is to study the relationships between the respondents' opinions on political authorities' honesty and the determinants of corrupt phenomena. The main research question is: Is there any relationship between the person's opinion on political authorities' honesty and the person's perception of political corruption? The hypothesis related to the question assumes there is a connection between the perception of political authorities' honesty and the evaluation of components of political corruption. The research is part of a research project carried out by the IPSO ORDO Academic Foundation on the perception of the corruption phenomenon in the public domain.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2017, 17; 119-128
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electoral manipulations
Manipulacje wyborcze
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-05-14
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
manipulacje wyborcze
rywalizacja wyborcza
niepewność polityczna
wybory
fałszerstwa wyborcze
electoral manipulation
electoral competition
political uncertainty
elections
electoral fraud
Opis:
Manipulacje wyborcze są mechanizmem trwałego wpływu na wynik wyborów. Podmioty rywalizacji wyborczej (electoral competition) chcą wpłynąć na swoje szanse w wyborach. Możliwe wymiary manipulacji wskazują na potencjalne podmioty ich dokonujące. Rządzący posiadają wyższy potencjał manipulacyjny niż polityczna opozycja. Manipulacje wyborcze zmieniają poziom politycznej niepewności. Jej wymiar jest kształtowany w sferze instytucjonalnej i komunikacyjnej. Skutki manipulacji wyborczych częściej mają oddziaływanie obliczone na najbliższy czas, ale te ze sfery instytucjonalnej mogą kształtować długoterminowy poziom niepewności politycznej.
Electoral manipulations are a mechanism of exerting permanent influence on the election result. The subjects of electoral competition want to influence their electoral opportunities. Possible dimensions of manipulations are related to the potential subjects that carry them out. The ruling ones have a higher manipulation potential than the political opposition. Electoral manipulations modify the level of political uncertainty. Its dimension is shaped in the institutional and communication spheres. The effects of electoral manipulations are more often aimed at the nearest future only, but those in the institutional sphere may shape the long-term level of political uncertainty.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2015, 43, 3; 25-39
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Systemowa specyfika wyborów samorządowych w Polsce
System Specificity of Local Elections in Poland
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-05-14
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
wybory samorządowe
wybory lokalne
wybory regionalne
polski system partyjny
municipal elections
local elections
regional elections
Polish party system
Opis:
The political system transformation initiated in 1989 brought about dramatic changes in the functioning of local and regional government structures. The dimension of their political and social empowerment manifests itself through their own electoral cycle in the form of local government elections. The article is an attempt to expound the specificity of local elections in Poland. The factors behind this specificity indicate the restoration processes of local government, on-going decentralization processes, active use of mechanisms for implementing local government electoral law and the growing significance of elections at the local and regional level. These features make the local elections stand out from the parliamentary, presidential and European Parliament elections.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2014, 41, 1; 53-72
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in the Party System in the Context of Deconsolidation of Democracy in Poland
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Polish party system
Polish political parties
functions of political parties
models of competition at the cabinet level
voting behaviors in Poland
Opis:
The party system and the parties within it were ones of the relevant elements of system transformation in Poland. We can identify several significant determinants of the process with regard to this area. The first of them is formal standards and their influence on the course of political competition. The second is the functions attributed to political parties in the political and party system. The third one is connected with the significance of social structure’s specificity and its influence on voting behaviors. The fourth determinant is the models of competition at the cabinet level. The paper presents these four determinants of development of political parties and the party system in Poland in the perspective of democratization processes.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2020, 1 (49); 55-66
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Istotność wyborów i jej czynniki w świadomości społecznej
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20680187.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Opis:
One of the basic features of a democratic state are cyclical and competitive elections. They are an instrument through which the ideas of political representation are implemented, while being also a factor of creation of various authorities. The specificity of the distribution of power in a democracy is founded on the causative position of the general elections, as a form of granting the most important powers to the institutions of the political system. The present article text presents the results of research on the issue of the social significance of the various elections held in Poland and the factors influencing the perception of their importance. In the course of the study were revealed both the social preferences for the function of distribution of power and influence on the lives of citizens as the most important factors in the perception of the importance a given election. In the case of the least important elections, a key reason for such their perception was the location of the decision-making in other bodies of the political system than the one on which the opinions were expressed.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2011, 2; 205-226
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola korupcji politycznej w procesie rozliczalności wertykalnej na poziomie lokalnym
The role of political corruption in local vertical accountability
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1941560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
korupcja polityczna
rozliczalność wertykalna
asymetria informacyjna
wybory lokalne
system wyborczy
political corruption
vertical accountability
information asymmetry
local elections
electoral system
Opis:
Korupcja polityczna jest zjawiskiem mogącym wpływać na proces rozliczalności wertykalnej. Jej oddziaływanie jest związane z wpływem na 3 komponenty: informacyjny, ewaluacyjny i administracyjny. Rządzący na poziomie lokalnym mogą osłabiać efekty rozliczalności wertykalnej, wpływając na jej przebieg. W przypadku wystąpienia korupcji politycznej najskuteczniejszym sposobem przeciwdziałania efektywności rozliczalności wertykalnej jest instrumentalne kreowanie komponentu informacyjnego. Odbywa się ono poprzez asymetrię informacyjną i zarządzanie niepewnością komunikacyjną. W przypadku komponentu ewaluacyjnego mechanizm osłabiania rozliczalności zakłada odejście od modelu głosowania ekonomicznego na rzeczy aksjologicznego lub socjotropicznego. Relatywnie najsłabsze możliwości osłabiania procesu rozliczalności wertykalnej występują w przypadku komponentu administracyjnego i odwołują się do intencjonalnych zmian elementów systemu wyborczego.
The phenomenon of political corruption may affect the process of vertical accountability. Its effect is connected with influencing three components: the information, evaluation and administrative one. Local authorities may weaken the effects of vertical accountability by affecting its course. In the case of political corruption, the most effective way of disrupting the effectiveness of vertical accountability is to affect the information component. It takes place by means of information asymmetry and the management of communication uncertainty. In the case of evaluation component, the mechanism of weakening accountability assumes the rejection of the model of economic voting in favor of axiological or sociotropic one. The administrative component provides relatively least opportunities to weaken the accountability process. In that case, they involve intentionally changing some elements of the voting system.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2018, 58; 114-127
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Parliamentary elections in Poland 1989-2011
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/666745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Opis:
Abstract: Parliamentary elections, which are shaping the sphere of political competition and the structure of the party system, have been held in Poland since 1989. The article shows the evolution of the system of elections to the parliament and its impact on the institutionalization of the party system. The current shape of the election system proves that the party system is stable both in terms of the sustainability of party entities and the standards of political competition in the election arena. Elections are also a factor which consolidates party leadership in the case of the major political groups. This is particularly visible after Poland’s accession to the European Union. The evolution of the process of gaining political relevance by new political parties is also observed. Following 2001, only one new political party was able to win parliamentary representation.Key words: Parliamentary elections in Poland, Polish party system, electoral competition, Donald Tusk, Jarosław Kaczyński
Źródło:
Studia Politicae Universitatis Silesiensis; 2014, 13
1895-3492
2353-9747
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politicae Universitatis Silesiensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Political Parties’ Electoral Strategies in the Context of Political Uncertainty
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
electoral strategies
political uncertainty
political manipulations
Opis:
Taking part in an election, political parties implement their planned strategic activities, which involve making choices regarding competitive goals and maximizing the usefulness of the resources they have. A significant context of party strategies is political uncertainty. The paper discusses the importance of political uncertainty in three areas. First, political uncertainty is an instrument affecting the character of political competition. In the second area, the article presents its role as a factor of competition in the process of campaigning for votes. It also points out that political uncertainty may be a mechanism of institutionalizing new political parties. Some of the implemented party strategies, influencing the level of political uncertainty, assume possible electoral manipulations.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2015, 11; 51-59
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polski wyborca w perspektywie modelu głosowania retrospektywnego
Polish voter in the perspective of retrospective voting model
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514697.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
elections
economic voting
retrospective voting
prospective voting
Opis:
The idea of retrospective voting refers to voting decisions that are based on an evaluation of how the government has managed the economy. Research on economic voting in Poland have been carried out from the beginning of the democratic transformation, focusing on isolating and testing of the transition model specific to the countries of Central Europe. Its differentiating feature is a novel way of simultaneously joining the retrospective and prospective motivations in the behaviour of voters, compared to the conventional model present in consolidated democracies. The retrospective voting model is defined as deciding whether to reward or punish the incumbent party on the basis of past policy performance. Based on analysis and own research, the presented paper evidences that the validity of applying the transitional model in the study of economic voting in Poland has been exhausted, as the retrospective motivation is nowadays predominant in the decisions of voters.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2015, 10; 9-21
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Głosowanie ekonomiczne w Polsce: koniec modelu tranzycyjnego?
Economic voting in Poland: the end of transition model
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514703.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
economic voting
retrospective voting
prospective voting
transitional model
polish parliamentary elections
Opis:
Research on economic voting in Poland have been carried out from the beginning of the democratic transformation, focusing on isolating and testing of the transition model specific to the countries of Central Europe. Its differentiating feature is a novel way of simultaneously joining the retrospective and prospective motivations in the behavior of voters, compared to the conventional model present in consolidated democracies. The purpose of the present article is to attempt to determine the relationship between the two types of electoral motivations identified above in the parliamentary elections, starting with the election of 1991 and ending with the 2011 elections. Based on analysis and constructive criticism of findings of other researchers and own research, the presented paper evidences that the validity of applying the transitional odel in the study of economic voting in Poland has been exhausted, as the prospective motivation is nowadays predominant in the decisions of voters.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2013, 6; 101-118
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sukces Ruchu Palikota w świetle czynników możliwego sukcesu politycznego (Political Opportunity Structure)
„Ruch Palikota” success through the Political Opportunity Structure model
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
Political Opportunity Structure
new parties
Opis:
The aim of the presented text is an attempt to verify the most popular in the political science literature hypotheses about the emergence of new political movements, potential sources of their electoral success and the prospects for a permanent presence on the political scene. The primary reference is a theoretical model of the Political Opportunity Structure, which is a complex description concept for the success sources of the new political movements. The context for the presented text are the parliamentary elections in 2011 and the success of a new political party – ”Ruch Palikota”.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2012, 3; 159-174
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyborcza selekcja elit politycznych w Polsce
Election selection of political elites in Poland
Autorzy:
Wojtasik, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159412.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Opis:
Free and fair elections are the method used to select from among the people who have hold specified elective position or public office. In this context, elections are a way of implementing the selection process of the political elite, allowing procedural participation of citizens in shaping political representation. As a result of their execution decisions are made about the distribution of power, which depends on the direction in the act of voting revealed political preferences resulting from translating the achievements of individual votes mandated. Selection of the representatives of the society and subjectivity attributing their decision-making assumes that voters will be able to choose from among themselves those who possess the desired skills, and those who are elected, they will make decisions in the interest of the whole community. The article treats the selection of political elites as a basic function of elections, acting on the issues of creating the political leadership in the parliamentary election, the President of Poland, local governments and the European Parliament.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2013, 38; 153-171
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 26

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