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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Deflacjonizm a element normatywny
    Deflationism and Normative Element
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963763.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The author offers a critical analysis of so called deflationary conception of truth. According to the conception in question an adequate theory of truth contains nothing more than instances of a schema: „p” is true iff p. In short, truth is a disquotation. After giving a brief presentation of main deflationary ideas, the author argues that deflationism conflicts with normative epistemology. In other words, being a form of naturalism it leads to elimination of so called normative element from the philosophy of science. For example deflationary conception of truth is not able to account for constitutive connections between normative ideas of truth and reliability.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2001, 9, 2; 101-121
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wstęp do debaty "Prawda - Nauka - Religia"
    Introduction to the Debate "Truth - Science - Religion"
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964158.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2006, 14, 2; 23-26
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Spór o naturę prawdy z punktu widzenia teorii czynności mowy
    The Argument about the Nature of Truth from the Point of View of Speech Act Theory
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964170.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    There are at least three distinct arguments about the nature of truth. The first two are, respectively, between correspondence theories and epistemic theories and between inflationism and deflationism. The aim of the paper is to characterise the third dispute whose starting question is whether truth and truth conditions are semantic or pragmatic concepts. In other words, the question is whether it is semantics or pragmatics that provides an adequate account of truth conditions of utterances. There are two competing answers: the conception of literal truth conditions, which takes its origins in H.P. Grice's theory of language, and the conception of context-sensitive truth conditions, which appeals to the phenomena called semantic underdeterminancy. The author claims that the argument between these two conceptions in question cannot be identified with the dispute between literalism and contextualism. Whereas the former focus on the specific problem of truth conditions of utterances, the latter deals with a more general issue called Semantics/Pragmatics Interface. According to the author, these two dilemmas seem to cut across each other. More precisely, the idea of context-sensitive truth conditions can be interpreted either along the literalist's or contextualist's lines. According to the author it contextualism, not literalism, that provides a better, pragmatic account of truth conditions.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2006, 14, 2; 131-146
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Niedookreślenie językowe z punktu widzenia teorii zwrotnych warunków prawdziwości
    Linguistic Underdeterminacy from the Viewpoint of the Reflexive Truth Conditions Theory
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965156.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper is to present the theory of reflexive truth conditions with particular reference to the literalist account of communicative competence it offers. Like contextualist conceptions, the theory allows for the phenomenon of linguistic underdeterminacy. Unlike most popular accounts of communicative competence, however, it takes the phenomenon to be a property of the semantic, rather than the cognitive correlate of an utterance; it is claimed, namely, that the semantic correlate of an utterance is to be identified with the state of affairs the utterance signifies, whereas its cognitive correlate is best understood as the conventionally determined, token-reflexive description of the signified state. The paper consists of four parts. In the first section the author offers a few terminological conventions. The second section provides a synthetic presentation of the dominant view on the nature and causes of linguistic underdeterminacy. In the third section, following Manuel García-Carpintero, John Perry and Kepa Korta, the author develops his own version of the reflexive truth conditions theory and points out that the resulting conception offers an original account of linguistic underdeterminacy. The paper ends with general conclusions regarding the nature of linguistic underdetermination and the structure of the literalism/contextualism debate.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2009, 17, 3; 57-97
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teoria teorii znaczenia
    The Theory of a Theory Meaning
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968307.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The aim of the paper is to evaluate critically Wacław Janikowski's radically empiricist theory of meaning. In the first section, the author offers a critical analysis of the main theses and definitions proposed by Janikowski. His conclusion is that Janikowski fails to provide a coherent theory of meaning, balancing between functionalism, mentalism and behaviorism. In the second section, the author offers a more general reflection on the actual aim and expected form of a theory of meaning. He claims that in order to construct a comprehensive and adequate account of meaning one should start with the ontological question on the nature of linguistic items, and then ask the epistemological question on the structure of linguistic or communicative competence and end with considerations on the methodology of linguistic studies. In other words, the author rejects the approach tacitly adopted by Janikowski, who starts his theoretical reflection by deriving ontological conclusions on the nature of meaning from the previously accepted methodological principles.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2009, 17, 2; 99-112
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jakiej teorii prawdy relatywiści potrzebują?
    What is the Theory of Truth that Relativists Need?
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968401.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to justify the claim that relativism assumes a deflationary account of truth. In the first section the author articulates some terminological conventions regarding the use of the terms "relativism" and "deflationism". It is assumed that relativism advocates two theses. The first one is the thesis of relativity. It says that opinions adopted by members of some community depend on social or cultural factors determining their cognitive point of view. The second one is the thesis of symmetry. It claims that the idea of the absolute and objective correctness has no sense. In other words, the choice of a cognitive point of view cannot be objectively justified. Nevertheless, it can be explained by describing its social causes. Next, the author analyses the most popular deflationary views on truth. It is assumed that the most reliable form of deflationism is the so-called disquotational conception. According to the conception in question the meaning of a concept of truth is entirely captured by instances of the disquotational scheme: "S" is true if and only if s. It is stressed that the instances of the scheme define the immanent notion of truth. The point is that the notion so defined can be predicated only on sentences one understands. In the second section the author develops the main argument of this paper. A few relativistic accounts of truth are analysed. It is argued that relativists have no alternative but to accept the deflationary account of truth. The main idea of the argument is that rejecting the notion of transcendent truth relativism makes the notion of truth empty and strictly immanent. In other words, it makes the notion deflationary. The third section contains some remarks on possible ways of arguing against relativism.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2003, 11, 3-4; 143-158
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zgodność z rzeczywistością. Uwagi o Jacka J. Jadackiego teorii prawdy
    Correspondence with Reality: Remarks on Jacek J. Jadackis Theory of Truth
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909969.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The author starts with the assumption that a popular idea, according to which a true sentence corresponds with reality, is adequate. Therefore, any adequate theory of truth has to account for it. It turns out, however, that it is the epistemic conception, not the correspondence one, that meets such a demand. In order to justify his claim, the author discusses Jacek J. Jadacki's theory of truth. Roughly speaking, the theory in question states that if a given sentence refers to a certain state of affairs - that function a the sentence's semantic value - then the sentence is true if and only if the relevant state of affairs holds. In short, the theory defines the truth of a given sentence in terms of the holding of the state of affairs to which the sentence refers. It remains to be explained, therefore, what it is, for a given state of affairs to hold. The author considers three possible accounts of the holding of the state of affairs. According to the first one, the sentence's semantic value is either a mental representation or an ideal entity grasped in the subjective episode of understanding. Such a mental or ideal state of affairs holds if it has its real counterpart. The second ac-count is based on the idea that real states of affairs constitutes a subclass of all describeable states of affairs. A given state of affairs holds if and only if it belongs to this special class. According to the third interpretation, a holding state of affairs is the semantic value of a true sentence. The author argues that the first account gives rise to the suspect question on the nature of either the relation of mental representation or the relation of exemplification. The second account, in turn, seems to require a controversial assumption that existence is a property. Taking into account those and similar problems, we have no alternative but to embrace the third option, according to which a given state of affairs holds because it is the semantic value of a true sentence. The truth of a sentence, in turn, has to be conceived as its rational acceptability.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2005, 13, 3; 115-126
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tacit Mechanisms and Heuristic Theorizing: Comments on Ryszard Wójcicki’s “Is There Only One Truth? An Introduction to the Pragmatic Theory of Knowledge Acquisition”
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/967091.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
    Opis:
    The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, it aims at developing a preliminary typology of subconscious, tacit mechanisms that underlie the conscious exercise of practical skills as well as the formation and functioning of conscious mental representations such as perceptual experiences, mental images, explicitly held beliefs and explanatory hypotheses. Second, it employs the typology to consider whether these tacit mechanisms can be examined and explicated by what Ryszard Wójcicki calls heuristic theorizing or heuristic reasoning, i.e., by a cognitive procedure whose job is to study one's tacit or personal knowledge. The paper consists of two sections. Section 1 outlines the general structure of what Michael Polanyi calls personal knowledge or tacit knowing. It also discusses a few examples of tacit knowing - in action, perception and cognition - and argue that they all have to be explained in terms of implicit mechanisms rather than in that of implicitly held beliefs or theories. Section 2 start with an observation that despite having the same structure, the implicit mechanisms consideration in section 1 fail to form a homogeneous class: there are mechanisms that operate on propositional representations such as tacitly held beliefs and theories, mechanisms that involve nonpropositional representations such as perceptual experiences and topographic or classificatory cognitive schemas, and mechanism whose characteristic feature is their using specific processing rules reflecting the structural properties of a given stimuli domain. In other words, it is argued that what Polanyi calls personal or tacit knowlAbstracts 161 edge may take either the form of representational states - propositional or nonpropositional - or the form of processing rules. Finally, it is demonstrated that these and similar differences are significant for understanding the role of heuristic theorizing in the acquisition and justification of objective knowledge.
    Źródło:
    Filozofia Nauki; 2012, 20, 1; 33-44
    1230-6894
    2657-5868
    Pojawia się w:
    Filozofia Nauki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Echo i udawanie w ironii komunikacyjnej
    Echo and Pretending in Communicative Irony
    Autorzy:
    Mękarska, Janina
    Witek, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/561308.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Semiotyczne
    Tematy:
    ironia
    echo
    udawania
    akty mowy
    etiolacja językowa
    komunikacja ekspresywna
    Opis:
    The paper develops a speech-act based account of communicative irony. A central idea behind the proposed model is that verbal acts of ironizing fall under what John L. Austin called the doctrine of the etiolation of language. After discussing the notion of communicative irony construed along the lines of Mitchell S. Green’s model of expressive communication, we elaborate on the Austinian idea of linguistic etiolation by contrasting the serious and etiolated uses of language, where the latter are parasitical on the mechanisms of the former. We argue that echoing and overt pretending are two complementary techniques of linguistic etiolation that enable one to perform acts of expressing one’s negative attitudes towards contextually available mental or linguistic representations. We also show that the proposed model of linguistic etiolation allows us to account for a number of verbal cases of communicative irony.
    W artykule przedstawiamy model ironii komunikacyjnej sformułowany w ramach teorii aktów mowy. Twierdzimy, że akty ironii werbalnej stanowią szczególne przypadki zjawisk, które John L. Austin określał mianem etiolacji językowej. Po omó- wieniu pojęcia ironii komunikacyjnej rozumianego w duchu Mitchella S. Greena modelu komunikacji ekspresywnej, proponujemy rozwinięcie Austinowskiej idei etiolacji i pokazujemy, jak przypadki etiolacyjnego zastosowania języka pasożytują na mechanizmach jego poważnych lub zwykłych zastosowań. W szczególności argumentujemy, że przywołanie echem oraz jawne udawanie są dwoma technikami etiolacji, które umożliwiają nadawcy ekspresję negatywnego nastawiania do kontekstowo dostępnych reprezentacji mentalnych lub językowych. Pokazujemy też, że proponowany model pozawala na wyjaśnienie werbalnych form ironii komunikacyjnej.
    Źródło:
    Studia Semiotyczne; 2019, 33, 2
    0137-6608
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Semiotyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A data assimilation approach for estimating strength of steel pipes reinforced with composite sleeves under unsteady pressure-flow conditions
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Uilhoorn, Ferdinand
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845453.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    pipe wall metal loss
    composite sleeve
    pipe fracture
    gas dynamics
    data assimilation
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is twofold: to estimate the unsteady pressure-flow variations in gas transmission pipelines using the ensemblebased data assimilation approach and to analyse the strength of steel tubes reinforced with composite sleeves containing localized part-wall thickness loss caused by corrosion while taking into consideration a safe operating pressure of the pipeline. For a steel thin-walled cylinder containing a partwall metal loss, a flexible wrap of fibreglass as well as carbon glass with epoxy resin are determined. The strength of the repaired pipeline with two kinds of materials for sleeves is investigated taking into consideration the internal pressure at the defect location. For the case study, a section of the Yamal transit pipeline on the Polish territory is selected. The results enable pipeline operators to evaluate the strength of corroded steel pipelines and develop optimal repair activities, which are of vital importance for the maintenance and operation of underground steel networks.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2020, 41, 4; 3-22
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A data assimilation approach for estimating strength of steel pipes reinforced with composite sleeves under unsteady pressure-flow conditions
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Uilhoorn, Ferdinand
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845456.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    pipe wall metal loss
    composite sleeve
    pipe fracture
    gas dynamics
    data assimilation
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is twofold: to estimate the unsteady pressure-flow variations in gas transmission pipelines using the ensemblebased data assimilation approach and to analyse the strength of steel tubes reinforced with composite sleeves containing localized part-wall thickness loss caused by corrosion while taking into consideration a safe operating pressure of the pipeline. For a steel thin-walled cylinder containing a partwall metal loss, a flexible wrap of fibreglass as well as carbon glass with epoxy resin are determined. The strength of the repaired pipeline with two kinds of materials for sleeves is investigated taking into consideration the internal pressure at the defect location. For the case study, a section of the Yamal transit pipeline on the Polish territory is selected. The results enable pipeline operators to evaluate the strength of corroded steel pipelines and develop optimal repair activities, which are of vital importance for the maintenance and operation of underground steel networks.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2020, 41, 4; 3-22
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of hydrogen blended natural gas on linepack energy for existing high pressure pipelines
    Autorzy:
    Witek, Maciej
    Uilhoorn, Ferdinand
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2134929.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    existing steel pipeline
    hydrogen blended natural gas
    hydrogen percentage
    content
    linepack energy
    Opis:
    The aim of this work is to examine the impact of the hydrogen blended natural gas on the linepack energy under emergency scenarios of the pipeline operation. Production of hydrogen from renewable energy sources through electrolysis and subsequently injecting it into the natural gas network, gives flexibility in power grid regulation and the energy storage. In this context, knowledge about the hydrogen percentage content, which can safely effect on materials in a long time steel pipeline service during transport of the hydrogen-natural gas mixture, is essential for operators of a transmission network. This paper first reviews the allowable content of hydrogen that can be blended with natural gas in existing pipeline systems, and then investigates the impact on linepack energy with both startup and shutdown of the compressors scenarios. In the latter case, an unsteady gas flow model is used. To avoid spurious oscillations in the solution domain, a flux limiter is applied for the numerical approximation. The GERG-2008 equation of state is used to calculate the physical properties. For the case study, a tree-topological high pressure gas network, which have been inservice for many years, is selected. The outcomes are valuable for pipeline operators to assess the security of supply.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2022, 43, 3; 111--124
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Misje stratosferyczne Akademii Tarnowskiej. Część 1: sprzęt i oprogramowanie
    Stratospheric missions of the University of Applied Sciences in Tarnow. Part 1: hardware and software
    Autorzy:
    Antosz, Jakub
    Arabik, Regina
    Jasielski, Jacek
    Witek, Maciej
    Ciężadło, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35535031.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-03-15
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Tarnowska
    Tematy:
    balon stratosferyczny
    radiosonda
    APRS
    Horus
    SSTV
    radioamator
    stratospheric balloon
    radiosonde
    radio amateur
    Opis:
    W artykule opisano proces przygotowania oraz wysyłania przez członków Studenckiego Koła Naukowego Elektroników „Amper” Akademii Tarnowskiej trzech misji balonowych. W pierwszej jego części przedstawiono ważniejsze zagadnienia związane z lotem balonu (dobór odpowiedniego osprzętu, użytego gazu czy uzyskanie niezbędnych pozwoleń). W tej części zawarto również zagadnienia związane z prognozowaniem tras przelotu, tak aby zwiększyć szanse na pozytywne przeprowadzenie całej misji. W kolejnym rozdziale opisano zarówno sprzęt projektowany przez studentów i użyty w czasie misji (radiosonda, rejestrator danych, nadajnik SSTV) jak i komercyjny (lokalizator GNSS, kamera). Kolejny rozdział opisuje oprogramowanie i osprzęt służące do monitorowania lotu balonu. W ostatnim zaprezentowano wykorzystanie systemu SondeHub. System ten umożliwia pasjonatom śledzenie tras przelotu balonów zarówno tych wysyłanych przez stacje meteorologiczne jak i amatorskich. Dodatkowo posiada system bazodanowy przechowujący komplet danych wysyłanych przez radiosondę (zarówno lokalizacyjnych jak i telemetrycznych). Artykuł stanowi notę aplikacyjną i może być pomocny dla osób chcących zrealizować własne misje stratosferyczne.
    The article describes the process of preparing and sending three balloon missions by students members of the Electronics Student Scientific Club „Amper” of the University of Applied Sciences in Tarnow. The first part describes more important issues related to the balloon flight (selection of appropriate equipment, gas used and obtaining the necessary permits). This part also describes issues related to forecasting flight routes in order to increase the chances of successfully carrying out the entire mission. The next chapter describes both the equipment designed by students and used during the mission (radiosonde, data recorder, SSTV transmitter) and factory-made commercial equipment (GNSS locator, camera). The next chapter describes the software and hardware used to monitor the balloon’s flight. The last one describes the use of the SondeHub system. This system allows enthusiasts to track the flight paths of balloons, both those sent by weather stations and amateur ones. Additionally, it has a database system storing a complete set of data sent by the radiosonde (both location and telemetry). The article is an application note and may be helpful for people who want to carry out their own stratospheric missions.
    Źródło:
    Science, Technology and Innovation; 2023, 18, 3-4; 30-45
    2544-9125
    Pojawia się w:
    Science, Technology and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Brand Promotion Throught Computer Games on the Example of Second Life
    Promowanie marek w grach komputerowych na przykładzie gry Second Life
    Autorzy:
    Laskowska-Witek, Justyna
    Mitręga, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964171.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
    Tematy:
    Gry komputerowe
    Komunikowanie marketingowe
    Marka
    Product placement
    Promocja handlowa
    Techniki promocji
    Brand
    Commercial promotion
    Computer games
    Marketing communication
    Promotion techniques
    Opis:
    The in-game advertising has become a popular marketing communication channel. Especially, the online MMORPG game is Second Life that has received particular interest in recent years. In this chapter we take a close look on attributes which make this game very close to the real world and thus more attractive to users. Secondly, we identified promotion tools that brands use to promote inside of the virtual world. Furthermore, we decided to adopt the perspective of Second Life gamers and explore their attitude and reactions to promotion of companies through the game. The results of our research suggests that the majority of users we interviewed did not notice in-game brand promotion inside of Second Life. The remaining players have positively perceived such promotion activities as: different types of public relations and sponsorship, however they admitted that they have no influence on their purchasing decisions.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 205; 34-48
    2083-8611
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ekonomiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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