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Wyszukujesz frazę "Wisniewski, B.M." wg kryterium: Autor


Tytuł:
The formation of a pluralistic society and its impact on climate change - implementation of the lifelong learning concept
Autorzy:
Wisniewski, B.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079053.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
pluralism
society
climate change
lifelong learning
learning concept
public policy
Opis:
In this work, the author refers to the own research entitled "Citizens' participation in the creation and implementation of public policy. Electoral participation". The aim of this study was to analyze factors affecting civic participation in the form of participation in general elections. The study gave a reason to look more deeply into the formation of a pluralistic society in the age of climate change and social unrest. In this article, however, the author analyzes the impact of climate change in the process of creating a pluralistic society. The focal point of the paper has to do with the implementation of the Lifelong Learning concept in contemporary society. The aim of this work is to indicate the public authority the need for the more effective methods of activating and educating our society in the fight against climate change.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 4PB; 588-592
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Navigation in emission control area zones
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Szymański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ECA
exhaust emission
ship route optimization
fuel criterion
route programming
Bon Voyage
Opis:
The article presents the origin of Emission Control Area (ECA) zones, a timetable for their enforcement, criteria of their implementation and the principles and rules of navigation in these areas. Plans and areas of the next ECA zones envisaged for the future are presented. Least fuel route programming was presented, together with a description of safety rules during the change-over procedure in operations concerning the main engine and other ship systems. An attempt to identify the problems that may be encountered when programming the routes with the use of on-board routing systems, like Bon Voyage of AWT, leading through the ECA zones, has been made. Examples of such problems, taken from a true voyage of a postpanamx container vessel on a transpacific voyage, have been presented. A generalized algorithm for programming the route leading through the ECA zone according to the least fuel criterion has been presented.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 116-120
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of ship performance optimization systems and the bon voyage onboard routing system
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Szymański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ocean routes programming
SPOS system
Bon Voyage system
ocean routes optimization
safety of navigation
weather navigation
weather routing
Opis:
A significant increase in demand for navigation support systems called Onboard Routing Systems (ORS) can be observed in the World’s merchant fleet. ORS is a navigation-support system that enables route programming to warn of dangers and navigation constraints and determine the required route-safety level directly onboard the vessel. In this article, an attempt to analyze and compare two ORS systems has been made: the Ship Performance Optimization System (SPOS), by the Meteo Consult Group; and the Bon Voyage system by Applied Weather Technologies (AWT). Individual items, methods, and criteria of both systems for optimization and weather forecasting models utilized have been compared. Particular attention has been paid to the usefulness of the systems regarding the problem of identification and avoidance of hazards such as tropical cyclones and wave resonance. Ergonomics of both systems has also been compared.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 106-115
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship route programming in restricted and coastal areas in tropical cyclone regions
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Szymański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315881.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
tropical cyclone
avoidance maneuvers
Bon Voyage
SPOS
Cyklon
1-2-3 rule
anti-collision plot
weather routing
cyklon tropikalny
manewry omijania
reguła 1-2-3
nawigacja meteorologiczna
Opis:
The article describes various methods used for tropical cyclone avoidance maneuvers during navigation in restricted and coastal waters. The avoidance maneuvers were carried out with the use of the following methods: the ORS (Onboard Routing System) systems, Bon Voyage 7.0 and SPOS 7.0, the 1-2-3 rule recommended by the US national weather administration NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), the graphic-manual anti-collision plot, as well as the assistance and recommendations of the shore based AWT (Applied Weather Technologies) Centre. The weather and operational data that were used were from the actual voyage of the 9000TEU container ship POSTPANAMX, from Yantian (China) to Vancouver (Canada), which took place in August 2015. During this voyage the ship encountered the tropical cyclone SOUDELOR.
Źródło:
New Trends in Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 205-212
2545-2843
Pojawia się w:
New Trends in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tropical cyclones avoidance in ocean navigation - safety of navigation and some economical aspects
Autorzy:
Szymański, M.
Wiśniewski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
safety at aea
tropical cyclones
ocean navigation
tropical cyclones avoidance
safety of navigation
economical aspect
minimum fuel consumption
weather navigation
Opis:
Based upon the true voyages various methods of avoidance maneuver determination in ship - cyclone encounter situations were presented. The goal was to find the economically optimal solution (minimum fuel consumption, maintaining the voyage schedule) while at the same time not to exceed an acceptable weather risk level.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 1; 57-68
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Navigational and legislative constraints for optimization of ocean routes in the Northern Pacific Ocean
Autorzy:
Szymański, M.
Wiśniewski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134983.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
route programming
SPOS system
Bon Voyage system
navigational constraints
legislative constraints
Northern Pacific
Opis:
A ship sailing between the coasts of China, Japan, Korea and the Western coast of North America must cross navigational and geographical barriers of the Kuril Islands Archipelago and Aleutian Chain. Passes between the islands are particularly difficult and hazardous in winter. Most of them are covered by drifting ice for 5 months of the year. A number of allowed passes and offshore routes had been established by the maritime authorities of Alaska on the Bering Sea and in Aleutian Chain. However, use of other passes and routes is limited to exceptional cases only. Similar regulations exist in the Okhotsk Sea and other waters under Russian jurisdiction. The ship must then give grounds for a deviation from recommended or allowed passes and tracks and report other required information. Since January 1, 2015, it is mandatory to use the low sulphur fuel oil (sulphur content no higher than 0.01%) in the main propulsion system and auxiliary machinery when navigating inside the Emission Control Area (ECA) zone. Ships face a constant dilemma whether to remain in the ECA zone for the shortest or longer period of time, if the fuel and cost gain in relation to the entire route justify that. Available decision making support systems, like SPOS and Bon Voyage, do not solve that issue satisfactorily.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 48 (120); 96-104
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Bon Voyage 7.0 (AWT) to programming of an ocean route of post-Panamax container vessel in transpacific voyage Seattle – Pusan 26.08.2015, 1600UTC – 05.09.2015, 2100UTC
Autorzy:
Szymański, M.
Wiśniewski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ocean voyage route optimization
ocean voyage route programming
voyage planning
Bon Voyage system
fuel criterion
ECA
Opis:
The results of testing the Bon Voyage system for an ocean voyage are presented in this paper. The main assumptions of testing were: ETD – 26.08.2016 and ETA – 05.09.2016, as established by the owner. All the data have been obtained from an actual voyage of a post-Panamax shipping container through the North Pacific. Testing was repeated again after completion of the voyage (post-voyage analysis). The data indicate that improved results with respect to fuel consumption could have been achieved using a different moment of second stage testing. Possible problems at planning, programming, and optimizing of the route leading through the ECA (Emission Control Area) zones with the use of onboard routing systems are also presented.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 48 (120); 182-186
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania możliwości zwiększenia efektywności pracy przenośnika taśmowego poprzez wymianę podstawowych elementów transportowych
Improving the operating efficiency of a belt conveyor through the replacement of its basic transport elements
Autorzy:
Miedziński, B.
Habrych, M.
Wiśniewski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/187750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technik Innowacyjnych EMAG
Tematy:
przenośnik taśmowy
efektywność pracy maszyn
parametry fizyczne
belt conveyor
operating efficiency
physical parameters
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących określania wpływu zmiany wybranych parametrów fizycznych podstawowych elementów transportowych przenośnika taśmowego (taśma i krążniki) na sprawność elektryczną i poziomy poboru mocy czynnej przez układ napędowy, a także zaprezentowano oszacowane wartości wypadkowych oporów ruchu wpływających na wartość strat mocy i dynamikę pracy urządzenia.
The article features the results of tests which were conducted to check how the changes in the selected physical parameters of basic transport elements of a belt conveyor (belt and rollers) impact the electrical efficiency and active power consumption by the driving system. In addition, the estimated values of the resultant motion resistance were presented, which impact the value of power loss and the operating dynamics of the device.
Źródło:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa; 2013, R. 51, nr 9, 9; 5-13
0208-7448
Pojawia się w:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The problem of ship voyage evaluation by the charterer and the owners
Problem rozliczania podróży statku przez czarterującego i armatora
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Wielgosz, M.
Piotrowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ocena podróży statku
pogodowe prowadzenie statku
charakterystyka prędkości
badania po podróży
ship voyage evaluation
ship weather routing
speed characteristics
post-voyage testing
Opis:
The authors address the problem of settlement of voyage time by the charterer and its demand of compensation from the carrier company for an alleged extension of the vessels voyage. They analyzed a voyage of ship "Diana" where the charterer hired the company AWT for weather routing the ship and then settle voyage time and fuel consumption. The analyzed documentation included the settlement of voyage by AWT and the charterer to shipowner's claim for compensation for the extension of voyage time. The authors subjected the weather data from three sources (AWT, Ship's Log Book, SPOS program) to a repeated evaluation and performed similar computations demonstrating that the calculations by weather-routing centres are not always faultless and fail to use actual and reliable data.
Artykuł dotyczy problemu rozliczania czasu podróży statku przez czarterującego oraz roszczeń po podróży za niedotrzymanie przez statek warunków umowy czarterowej. Przeanalizowano rzeczywistą podróż statku "Diana", gdzie czarterujący posłużył się firmą AWT do prowadzenia i doradztwa pogodowego statku, a następnie rozliczenia podróży pod względem czasu i zużycia paliwa. Do ukazania problemu wykorzystano dokumentację dostarczoną przez armatora, zawierającą także rozliczenie podróży przez ośrodek AWT oraz roszczenie czarterującego do armatora o rekompensatę za przedłużenie podróży o 11,98 godziny. W artykule poddano ponownej analizie dane pogodowe z trzech źródeł (AWT, Dziennika okrętowego i programu SPOS). Zestawiono je na wykresach jednoznacznie wskazujących różnice w danych, na których opierano rozliczenia, a mające znaczący wpływ na otrzymane wyniki.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2010, 21 (93); 88-97
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of RTKLIBs Positioning Accuracy Usingn low-cost GNSS Receiver and ASG-EUPOS
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Bruniecki, K.
Moszyński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Differential GPS (DGPS)
real time kinematic
postprocessing
Opis:
The paper focuses on a comparison of different positioning methods provided by free and open source software (FOSS) package called RTKLIB. The RTKLIB supports real‐time and post‐processed positioning. The most important modes of operation tested by the authors are Kinematic, Static, Fixed and Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The data for evaluation were obtained from low‐cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The tested receiver was based on the u‐bloxʹs LEA‐6T GNSS module. This receiver provides different types of information including raw carrier phase measurements. It gives the possibility for centimeter‐level precision of positioning. As the supporting source of data ASG‐EUPOS system was used. ASG‐EUPOS is a Polish network of GNSS reference stations providing the real‐time corrections and post processing services for the entire territory of Poland.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 1; 79-85
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quaternary phosphonium salts as effective extractants of zinc(II) and iron(III) ions from acidic pickling solutions
Autorzy:
Marszałkowska, B.
Regel-Rosocka, M.
Nowak, Ł.
Wiśniewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/778035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
ekstraktory
cynk(II)
żelazo(III)
czwartorzędowe sole fosfoniowe
kwas chlorowodorowy
solvent extraction
zinc(II)
iron(III)
quaternary phosphonium salts
hydrochloric acid
Opis:
Extraction of zinc(II) and iron(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions using quaternary phosphonium salts, CyphosŽ IL 101, CyphosŽ IL 104, CyphosŽ IL109 and CyphosŽ IL 111 in mixtures with toluene, was studied. Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride (CyphosŽ IL 101) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (CyphosŽ IL 104) showed the best zinc(II) and iron(III) extraction abilities. After three stages of zinc(II) extraction with CyphosŽ IL 101 and CyphosŽ IL 104 the efficiencies were 100 and 93.6%, respectively. Total iron(III) transport to the organic phase was achieved after two separation stages and amounted to 82.1 and 100% for CyphosŽ IL 101 and CyphosŽ IL 104, respectively. Zinc(II) and iron(III) could be effectively stripped from the loaded organic phases with 0.5 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid. The more hydrophobic the character of the anion type of phosphonium salts, the lower the efficiency of extraction.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2010, 12, 4; 1-5
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy wkoło nas wyrośnie nanorurkowy las?
Will a nanotube forest grow around us?
Autorzy:
Terzyk, A.P.
Kruszka, B.
Wiśniewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/171853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
las nanorurek węglowych
metoda CVD w obecności pary wodnej
Super Wzrost CVD
nanorurka węglowa
carbon nanotube forest
water-assisted CVD method
Super Growth CVD
CNT
Opis:
In this study we describe the methods of preparation of a new class of carbon nanotubes i.e. pure and highly organized materials: carbon nanotube forests [3, 5]. High yield of this new method is caused by an increase in catalytic activity and life of used catalysts mainly due to an addition of steam to the reaction. The assistance of steam during the synthesis (the method is called "Super Growth Chemical Vapor Deposition"[3, 5]) leads to SWNTs forests having the height up to 4.0 mm. Such result is 100 times better in terms of efficiency than the previously reported records. Such synthesized, aligned materials are extremely high, super-highly dense and vertical-standing [Figs 2–4]. Moreover, this method leads to the purest SWNT material (over 99.98%) ever made. SWNTs are very easily separable from the catalysts and could be used without further purification. Highly efficient growth of SWNTs and DWNTs forests on conducting metal foils is also discussed. It is shown that such foils made of Ni-based alloys with Cr or Fe are excellent materials for the synthesis [3, 5, Fig. 3]. Under conditions where steam is added predominantly SWNTs (having the diameter 2.8 nm) are formed. Synthesis with an addition of oxygencontaining aromatics as growth enhancers is also described [figs. 16,17]. These enhancers caused the grow of CNTs having different diameters and wall numbers under identical reaction conditions. Creation of double-walled carbon nanotubes with populations as high as 84% and with the average size of 5.4 nm is possible with an insertion of methyl-benzoate. The creation of multi-walled CNTs is possible with an addition of benzaldehyde [9, Fig. 16].
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2011, 65, 1-2; 111-134
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integrated problem of ship route planning
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Medyna, P.
Chomski, J.
Mąka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
Tematy:
planowanie trasy statku
ograniczenia
procedury
ship route planning
limitations
procedures
Opis:
Planning and realization of ship route is a complex problem, which consists of elements from different disciplines. It is necessary to take into account: the formal requirements, the organization of traffic in restricted areas, exploitation limitations of the ship; economic issues relating to the costs of fuel and the costs associated with the possible unscheduled reaching the ship at the port of destination and waiting for unloading. It is important to maintain safety conditions related to extreme weather conditions. As the sailing is done on the changing weather conditions, considerable issue is the problem associated with the acquisition, processing and integration of weather data. Issues connected directly with the procedures of route computation are also important - the choice of optimization algorithm, matching the speed characteristics, the state of load. Increasingly being taken into account as restriction of navigation has to be the threat of piracy and terrorism. In the planning and realization of a ship voyage important issue is so called human factor and thus the experience of the master, which will include a decision as to the extent of detail of route planning, taking into account the restrictions importance and eventual adoption or not the proposed route
Źródło:
Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2011, 4, 4; 58-64
1899-8208
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport System Telematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The degree of implementation of SPOS on Polish Steamship Company’s ships
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, B.
Gibuła, M
Piotrowski, T.
Wolski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
SPOS
weather forecasting
forward speed of cyclones (Vc)
routs (KDC)
extent of storm winds
wind direction
weather systems supporting maritime navigation
Opis:
The article deals with the problem of ship’s ocean route programming. For masters during planning the ocean most convenient route lots of factors are very important such as among others: current, forecast weather, criteria and restriction, speed and fuel characteristic of ships on waves and wind and so on. These elements when are properly identify and adopted allow the master for making an effective ship’s course and speed decision. The aim of research is to show how the SPOS system is treated during the ocean’s ship route. 39 captains of PŻM ships during the year of 2014 answered on 9 questions of questionnaire which were concerned the degree of utilization of SPOS (Ship Performance Optimization System) during the operation of their ships. All the masters confirmed that they use of SPOS system as a browser weather, while only 25.6% of masters confirmed that they also use the SPOS system as a tool in planning the route. They also repeatedly pointed out, however, that SPOS has some of limitations such as not limited information about ice cover or tropical cyclones, etc. In conclusion, it can be assess that the SPOS system is satisfactorily used on ships as a browser forecast, but does not work well in planning the trip by navigators.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2014, 40 (112); 113-117
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrahigh-Strength Nanostructured Steels for Armours
Autorzy:
Garbarz, B.
Marcisz, J.
Adamczyk, M.
Wiśniewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/403480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
passive armour
penetration of steel
maraging steel
Opis:
The paper presents principles of designing and examination results of superclean high-strength new generation maraging steel for composite armours protecting against piercing with small-calibre armour-piercing (AP) projectiles. The research concerns maraging steel of yield strength ≥ 2,5 GPa and suitable toughness required to achieve high resistance of armour to piercing with AP projectiles. Three base compositions of maraging steel (MS) of yield strength 400 ksi, 500 ksi and 550 ksi with different content of alloying elements Fe, Ni, Co, Mo, W, V are described. The process of vacuum melting of the concerned steels was presented as well as further processing, i.e. homogenizing treatment, hot working, machining, solution treatment, ageing and grinding in order to prepare plates with dimensions of 50 × 50 × 10 mm. The manner of perpendicular firing at the aforementioned plates placed on a stand with RHA armour "witness" plate is presented. Moreover, demonstrated are also the visible results of maraging plates firing with 12,7 mm B-32 type armour-piercing incendiary projectiles on RHA plates. Also shown are the images of scans performed using an electron microscope of maraging plates' fracture surface generated by firing.
Źródło:
Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa; 2011, 2, 1 (3); 25-36
2081-5891
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Mechatroniki : uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, inżynieria bezpieczeństwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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