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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Crystallography and morphology of chromium rich eutectic carbides in an As-Cast Fe-Cr-C alloy crystallized in non-equilibrium conditions
    Autorzy:
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Bała, P.
    Tokarski, T.
    Gajewska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1111862.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    81.20.-n
    81.30.Fb
    81.70.-q
    Opis:
    The crystallography and microstructure of eutectic carbides crystallizing in non-equilibrium conditions in hypoeutectic Fe24Cr0.8C have been studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The alloy was synthesized in an arc furnace in high purity argon atmosphere and crystallized on water-cooled copper mould. Greater thermal gradient in regions close to water-cooled, copper mould in comparison with top of the ingot gives a formation of eutectic carbides with two morphologies: large polygonal carbides and surrounding them much smaller, plate-like carbides instead of rod-like carbides, observed in top of the ingot. There was no evidence for influence of non-equilibrium crystallization to the formation of types of carbides different than M₂₃C₆.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 1007-1009
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Characterization Of Cast Fe-Cr-C Alloy
    Charakterystyka stopu Fe-Cr-C w stanie lanym
    Autorzy:
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Bała, P.
    Stępień, M.
    Cios, G.
    Kozieł, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352071.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Fe-Cr-C alloy
    chromium carbides
    cast alloy
    segregation
    stop Fe-Cr-C
    węgliki chromu
    stop żeliwa
    segregacja
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of the characterization of alloy from Fe-Cr-C (carbon content 0.79 wt.%) system including the microstructure, phase analysis, morphology and hardness in as cast state. The chemical composition was designed to create chromium-rich ferritic matrix with high volume fraction of carbides in form of interdendritic eutectics. The research was carried out on the cross section of the ingot, synthesized in an arc furnace under high purity argon atmosphere and crystallized on water-cooled copper mould. Microstructural characterization was carried out by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Phase identification was performed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure of the investigated alloy is composed of primary and secondary dendrites Fe-Cr solid solution and complex M23C6 and M7C3 carbides in interdendritic areas. Segregation of Cr and C during crystallization causes precipitation of M7C3 carbides. The average hardness of the alloy is 205±12 HV10.
    W pracy dokonano analizy mikrostruktury, faz oraz wybranych właściwości stopu w stanie lanym z układu Fe-Cr-C (stężenie węgla 0,79% mas.). Skład chemiczny zaprojektowano tak, aby uzyskać osnowę ferrytyczną bogatą w chrom z dużym udziałem objętościowym węglików eutektycznych. Badania przeprowadzono na przekroju poprzecznym wlewka wykonanego w piecu łukowym w atmosferze ochronnej argonu, krystalizującego na miedzianym łożu, chłodzonym wodą. Obserwacje mikrostruktury przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem mikroskopii świetlnej oraz skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM). Identyfikację faz wykonano za pomocą rentgenowskiej analizy fazowej. Mikrostruktura badanego stopu składa się z dendrytów pierwszo i drugorzędowych roztworu stałego chromu w żelazie α oraz węglików złożonych M23C6 i M7C3, powstałych w obszarach międzydendrytycznych. Segregacja Cr i C podczas krystalizacji, sprzyja wydzielaniu węglików typu M7C3. Średnia twardość stopu wynosi 205±12 HV10.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2A; 779-782
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Microstructural characteristic of hypereutectoid iron alloys melted in ArcMelter furnace
    Autorzy:
    Frocisz, Ł.
    Krawczyk, J.
    Kozieł, T.
    Goły, M.
    Tokarski, T.
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075751.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.05.F-
    64.70.kd
    Opis:
    ArcMelter furnace is commonly used as a method for synthesis of amorphous and nanocrystalline materials. Due to easy and precise chemical composition control, also short time of whole process, this method was used to synthesis of new model hypereutectoid iron alloys. Material for the investigation was 90CrV6 steel. The chemical composition of this steel was modified to obtain the increase of carbides volume fraction with preserving the same chemical composition and mechanical properties of the matrix. The melt was conducted at sub atmospheric pressure of argon. The obtained materials were chemically analyzed by the use of optical emission spectrometer. The metallographic analysis was performed by the use of microscope. Phase composition in cast state was analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Chemical composition of the ingots differed from the previously established compositions in the range of 0.08 mass percentage. The high cooling rate resulted in dendritic character of the obtained microstructures. The microstructure of modified tool materials was plate martensite with large amount of retained austenite. The stress induced martensitic transformation in the crack area was observed. Retained austenite destabilization was initiated by the stress relaxation related with material cracking.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 939-941
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    X-ray diffraction and EBSD study of Al-Ti-Co-Ni-Fe high-entropy alloy
    Autorzy:
    Górecki, K.
    Bała, P.
    Cios, G.
    Stępień, M.
    Kozieł, T.
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Tokarski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1153214.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-10
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    81.30.-t
    61.05.C-
    68.37.Hk
    61.66.Dk
    Opis:
    Al₁₅Ti₂₀Co₂₀Ni₂₅Fe₂₀ alloy, synthesized in an arc furnace, was characterized by microscopic investigations, X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. Theoretical assumptions indicate a dual-phase crystal structure fcc+bcc. It was shown that dendrites and eutectic are bcc phase, and the interdendritic region is fcc phase.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 4; 991-992
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of Selected in-Situ Composites from the Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-C System
    Autorzy:
    Wieczerzak, K.
    Bala, P.
    Dziurka, R.
    Stepien, M.
    Tokarski, T.
    Cios, G.
    Gorecki, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352051.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-C
    in-situ composites
    intermetallic compounds
    dilatometry
    microstructure
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to synthesize and characterize the selected in-situ composites from the Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo-C system, additionally strengthened by intermetallic compounds. The project of the alloys was supported by thermodynamic simulations using Calculation of Phase Diagram approach via Thermo-Calc. Selected alloys were synthesized in an arc furnace in a high purity argon atmosphere using a suction casting unit. The studies involved a range of experimental techniques to characterize the alloys in the as-cast state, including optical emission spectrometry, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction and microhardness tests. These experimental studies were compared with the Thermo-Calc data and high resolution dilatometry. The results of investigations presented in this paper showed that there is a possibility to introduce intermetallic compounds, such as χ and σ, through modification of the chemical composition of the alloy with respect to Nieq and Creq. It was found that the place of intermetallic compounds precipitation strongly depends on matrix nature. Results presented in this paper may be successfully used to build a systematic knowledge about the group of alloys with a high volume fraction of complex carbides, and high physicochemical properties, additionally strengthened by intermetallic compounds.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2B; 1241-1247
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metody chemicznej ligacji w syntezie peptydów i białek. Część 1
    Chemical ligation methods in the synthesis of peptides and proteins. Part 1
    Autorzy:
    Kropidłowska, M.
    Jędrzejewska, K.
    Wieczerzak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/171570.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    natywna chemiczna ligacja
    NCL
    kinetycznie kontrolowana ligacja
    KCL
    synteza peptydów
    native chemical ligation
    kinetically controlled ligation
    peptide synthesis
    Opis:
    Proteins are biological macromolecules affecting very important functions in the body. They are involved in many biochemical processes. They can perform catalytic functions acting as enzymes. They also participate in the transport of many small molecules and ions – for example one molecule of hemoglobin carries four molecules of oxygen. In addition, proteins serve as antibodies and are involved in transmission of nerve impulses as receptor proteins. Because peptides and proteins perform so important functions, to study them it is essential to obtain these compounds in the greatest possible amounts. The compounds can be obtained generally by three main methods: • by isolation of the native peptides and proteins • by expression in microorganisms • by chemical synthesis. Each of the above methods has its advantages and disadvantages, but only the chemical synthesis gives the possibility to introduce modifications to the structure of the resulting protein, such as the insertion of new functional groups, to give the product in the final form and with satisfactory yield. In this review we present the application of chemical ligation methods in the synthesis of peptides and proteins. We describe in details mechanism of native chemical ligation method and the conditions necessary to carry the reaction [1]. The synthesis of long polypeptide chains by kinetically controlled ligation (KCL) is also depicted [2]. This part of the paper also details a number of approaches to noncysteine containing peptides by chemical ligation methods.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2017, 71, 9-10; 727-746
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metody chemicznej ligacji w syntezie peptydów i białek. Część 2
    Chemical ligation methods in the synthesis of peptides and proteins. Part 2
    Autorzy:
    Jędrzejewska, K.
    Kropidłowska, M.
    Wieczerzak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/172242.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    natywna chemiczna ligacja
    synteza peptydów
    tioester
    native chemical ligation
    peptide synthesis
    thioester
    Opis:
    Proteins are synthesized only by living organisms. Today, we are able to receive them by recombinant protein expression in bacterial cells. This technique is very useful and gives satisfactory amount of desirable material but it precludes the possibility of introduction of some chemical modifications that are often obligatory. For this reason, chemical synthesis of longer peptide chains is still important and is the object of scientists attention. Over the last century, notion of peptide synthesis took a new meaning. Nowadays, we know a number of innovative methods and also automated devices which help us to make progress in this area. Nevertheless, the synthesis of longer, more complicated peptide chains and proteins still constitutes a problem. Native chemical ligation (NCL) has facilitated the synthesis of numerous complex peptide and protein targets. Expansion of ligation techniques has allowed the entry of peptides into the world of therapeutic drugs [1]. NCL reactions are carried out in aqueous solution and give good yields. Due to mild conditions, NCL overcomes racemic and solubility problems encountered in classical peptide synthesis using protected fragments. The challenge is to synthesize the C-terminal thioester-containing peptide necessary for the transesterification reaction, which is the first step of linking the peptide fragments [2]. In this review we discuss the evolution, advantages and potential applications of chemical ligation reactions. In the first part of this article we described the utility of native chemical ligation approach to non-cysteine containing peptides. This part details a number of important approaches to the synthesis of peptides bearing a C-terminal thioester. Contemporary applications of these techniques to the total chemical synthesis of proteins are also presented.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2017, 71, 9-10; 747-761
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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