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Tytuł:
Wzrost i właściwości optyczne kryształu BaGd2 (MoO4)4 domieszkowanego Er3+
Growth and optical properties of Er3+-doped BaGdcrystal 2 (MoO4)4
Autorzy:
Han, S.
Wang, J.
Zhang, H.
Pan, S.
Xv, H.
Wang, Y.
Shen, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/142191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:
Wytwarzanie kryształów
ciepło właściwe
widmo
czas trwania fluorescencji
crystal growth
specific heat
spectrum
fluorescence lifetime
Opis:
Pojedynczy kryształ BaGd2(MoO4)4 domieszkowany 1% at. Er3+ wyhodowano metodą Czochralskiego. Omówiono szczegóły procedury otrzymywania i wzrostu kryształu. Kryształ ma doskonałą płaszczyznę poślizgu (010), a jego łupliwość czyni go przydatnym jako ośrodek czynny w mikrolaserach. Zmierzono widmo absorpcyjne w zakresie światła widzialnego i bliskiej podczerwieni (NIR) w temperaturze pokojowej. W zakresie od 380 do 1600 nm występuje kilka intensywnych pików absorpcyjnych. Zmierzono również widmo fluorescencyjne wzbudzane za pomocą lampy ksenonowej. Zaobserwowano intensywny pik emisyjny NIR 1536 nm. Czasy trwania fluorescencji 4I13/2 oraz 4I11/2 wyznaczone za pomocą dopasowania krzywej wykładniczej wyniosły odpowiednio 5,85 ms i 112,62 μs. Ciepło właściw Er3+ BaGd2(MoO4)4 w 25°C wynosi 0,471 J g-1 K-1. Na podstawie zmierzonych widm obliczono parametry optyczne na podstawie teorii Judda-Ofelta (J–O).
A 1 at % Er3+ doped BaGd2(MoO4)4 single crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. Details on the preparation and growth procedures were discussed. The crystal has a perfect (010) cleavage plane, and the cleavage character makes the crystal suitable as a gain medium for microchip lasers. The absorption spectrum in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions was measured at room temperature. There are several strong absorption peaks in the range from 380 to 1600 nm. The fluorescence spectrum excited by a Xenon lamp was also measured. A strong NIR emission peak located at 1536 nm was observed. The fluorescence lifetimes of 4I13/2 and 4I11/23+:BaGd2(MoO4)4 at 25°C is 0.471 J g-1 K-1. Using the measured spectra, the optical parameters were calculated using the J–O theory.
Źródło:
Chemik; 2013, 67, 9; 763-770
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:
Chemik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using chemometrics to identify water quality in Daya Bay, China
Autorzy:
Wu, M.-L.
Wang, Y.-S.
Sun, C.-C.
Wang, H.
Lou, Z.-P.
Dong, J.-D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49096.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
robust principal component analysis
water quality
chemometrics
China
cluster analysis
Daya Bay
Opis:
In this paper, chemometric approaches based on cluster analysis, classical and robust principal component analysis were employed to identify water quality in Daya Bay (DYB), China. The results show that these approaches divided water quality in DYB into two groups: stations S3, S8, S10 and S11 belong to cluster A, which lie in Dapeng Cove, Aotou Harbor and the north-eastern part of DYB, where water quality is related mainly to anthropogenic activities. The other stations belong to cluster B, which lie in the southern, central and eastern parts of DYB, where the quality is related mainly to water exchange with the South China Sea. Cluster analysis yields good results as a first exploratory method for evaluating spatial difference, but it fails to demonstrate the relationship between variables and environmental quality on the one hand and the untreated data on the other. However, with the aid of suitable chemometric approaches, the relationship between samples or variables can be investigated. Classical and robust principal component analysis can provide a visual aid for identifying the water environment in DYB, and then extracting specific information about relationships between variables and spatial variation trends in water quality.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 2; 217-232
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Three-dimensional simulation of the fracture system distribution in formation rock based on fractal method
Trójwymiarowe symulacje rozkładu spękań w skałach z wykorzystaniem metody fraktali
Autorzy:
Li, W.
Zhao, H.
Liu, M.
Li, S.
Sun, W.
Wang, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/219509.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
szczelinowanie hydrauliczne
wymiary fraktali
naturalne spękania
spękania powstałe wskutek szczelinowania
symulacje numeryczne
hydraulic fracturing
fractal dimension
natural fracture
fracturing fracture
numerical simulation
Opis:
During exploitation process of fractured reservoir, the complex distribution of natural fracture system may lead to a series of accidents, such as sand plug and multi fracture extension in hydraulic fracturing operation. Considering the difficulties of numerical analysis on formation rock mass fracture system distribution, three-dimensional geometry model of a single fracture formation is proposed in this paper, and fractal geometry method is introduced to build the three-dimensional fractal description model of formation fracture system distribution. On this basis, the effects of fractal parameters on natural fracture porosity, permeability and other properties are analyzed. The results show that: First, the number and propagation of natural fracture are controlled by the fractal dimension, the number of groups and the initial quantity. Second, the fractal dimension of natural fracture distribution has an obvious effect on natural fracture porosity and permeability. Third, porosity and permeability of natural fracture distribution both experience exponential growth as fractal dimension increases. Fourth, when the fractal dimension remains constant, the porosity and permeability of natural fractures both increase with the fracture scale.
W trakcie eksploatacji złoża zalęgającego w spękanych warstwach i pokładach złożony system naturalnych spękań prowadzić może do licznych incydentów, np. powstawania zatorów piaskowych lub nadmiernego rozszerzenia spękań w trakcie szczelinowania hydraulicznego. Z uwagi na trudności związane z analizą numeryczną rozkładu spękań skał macierzystych, w pracy zaproponowano trójwymiarowy model geometryczny pojedynczego pęknięcia z wykorzystaniem metod geometrii fraktalnej do opracowania trójwymiarowego modelu opisującego powstawanie układu spękań i ich rozkład. Na tej podstawie przeanalizowano wpływ parametrów fraktalnych na naturalną porowatość pękniętych skał, ich przepuszczalność oraz pozostałe właściwości. Wyniki badań wskazują że, po pierwsze, liczba i tempo propagacji naturalnych spękań uzależnione są od wymiarów fraktalnych, liczby grup i wielkości początkowej. Po drugie, wymiary fraktalne naturalnego systemu spękań skał mają zdecydowany wpływ na porowatość i przepuszczalność. Po trzecie, porowatość i przepuszczalność naturalnych systemów pęknięć wykazują wzrost w miarę wzrastania wymiarów fraktalnych. Po czwarte, gdy wymiary fraktalne pozostają niezmienne, zarówno porowatość i przepuszczalność naturalnych spękań rosną wraz ze skalą fraktali.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2018, 63, 2; 425-436
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermally Induced Polymorphic Transformation of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) Investigated by in-situ X-ray Powder Diffraction
Autorzy:
Liu, Y.
Li, S.
Wang, Z.
Xu, J.
Sun, J.
Huang, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
HNIW
polymorphism
in situ X-ray diffraction
phase transition
heat stimulation
Opis:
The ε→γ phase transition of HNIW induced by heat was investigated with in situ X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD). The effects of purity, particle size, insensitive additives and the time of isothermal heat treatment on the phase transition were evaluated. It was found that the phase transition is irreversible with changes in temperature, and the two phases can coexist in a certain temperature range. Moreover, the initial phase transition temperature increases with increasing purity and decreasing particle size of HNIW, and thus with the approximate crystal density. The addition of graphite and paraffin wax to HNIW as insensitive additives leads to a decrease in the initial phase transition temperature, but the addition of TATB does not affect the initial phase transition temperature. Thus, TATB is a suitable insensitive additive. Moreover, at the critical temperature, the isothermal time determined the efficiency of the ε- to γ-phase transition. This work lays the foundations for the choice of molding technologies, performance test methods, ammunition storage options, as well as the manufacture of HNIW-based explosive formulations.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 4; 1023-1037
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Reinforcement of the TNT System by a Newly-designed GAP-based Polyurethane-Urea: a Molecular Simulation Investigation
Autorzy:
Qian, W.
Shu, Y.
Ma, Q.
Li, H.
Wang, S.
Chen, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
TNT
GAP
polyurethane-urea
inter-molecular interaction
mechanical properties
Opis:
A glycidyl azide (GAP)-based polyurethane-urea (PUU) modifier used in the 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-based composite explosive was investigated by molecular simulation. Inter-molecular interactions were investigated using quantum chemistry calculation on the dimer of TNT and GAP-PUU, and attractive forces were found between the two molecules. The cohesive energy densities and the solubility parameters were obtained through molecular dynamics simulations combined with thermodynamic calculations on the TNT and GAP-PUU amorphous cell models, and the miscibility of the modifier in molten TNT was predicted to be good. The interaction energies and the mechanical properties were then obtained by molecular simulations and mechanical calculations on the solid-phase models of the GAP-PUU with TNT along three crystalline directions, and an improvement in the mechanical properties was predicted.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 2; 411-426
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The optimization of the dielectric layer photonic crystal filter by the quadratic response surface methodology
Autorzy:
Yang, H.
Meng, S
Wang, G.
Huang, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
optimization
photonic crystal filter
response surface methodology
Opis:
Dielectric layer photonic crystal filter structures in waveguide are optimized by the quadratic response surface methodology. The optimization model of the filter is established on the basis of the analysis which is conducted with the aid of the response surface methodology. The model is solved using sequential quadratic programming and the optimal parameters are obtained. Examples demonstrate it is effective.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 369-379
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synthesis and Theoretical Studies of a New Insensitive Explosive, 2’-Methyl-3-nitro-2’H-[1,3’-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-5,5’-diamine
Autorzy:
Luo, J.
Liu, Y.
Wang, J.
Chai, T.
Yuan, J.
Chang, S.
Yu, Y.
Jing, S.
Ma, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358633.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
insensitive explosive
synthesis
theoretical studies
density functional theory
new 1,2,4-triazole derivative
Opis:
A new insensitive energetic material 2’-methyl-3-nitro-2’H-[1,3’-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-5,5’-diamine (1) was prepared by a three-step synthesis from commercially available chemicals. The energetic title compound was comprehensively characterized by various means, including FT-IR, multinuclear (1H, 13C, 14N) NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, HPLC and thermal analysis. The sensitivities of the synthesized material towards various external stimuli (impact, friction) were determined according to the BAM method. The optimized structure and related thermodynamic parameters were obtained at the DFT-B3LYP/6-31+G** theoretical level. The detonation properties of the material were also predicted according to the Kamlet-Jacobs formulae and the Monte-Carlo method. The results show that the density, heat of formation, detonation velocity, detonation pressure, impact sensitivity and purity were 1.83 g/cm3, 369 kJ/mol, 7.52 km/s, 25.4 GPa, 82.3 J and 97.7%, respectively. In addition, the compound was an insensitive high explosive which could meet the requirements of high energetic materials.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 2; 269-280
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on a novel hydroxamic acid as the collector of rhodochrosite
Autorzy:
Zhao, G.
Dai, T.
Wang, S.
Zhong, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110816.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
flotation
rhodochrosite
hydroxamic acid
DFT
Opis:
A novel collector, tert-butyl benzohydroxamic acid (TBHA), was first introduced in rhodochrosite flotation. The performance of TBHA was investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) calculation along with the micro flotation test, zeta potential determination and XPS analysis, compared with benzohydroxamic acid (BHA). TBHA has stronger affinity to the mineral than BHA in terms of frontier molecular orbital, atomic net charge and bond population. The substitution of tert-butyl group on the benzene ring improves the affinity of the hydroxamic acid to the mineral. TBHA exhibits excellent collecting ability to rhodochrosite with a recovery of about 99% at a concentration of 3.89×10-4 mol/dm3 and pH 6.5. The hydroxamic acid molecules are adhered on mineral surfaces by chemical adsorption, resulting in negative shifts for the zeta potential of rhodochrosite with the presence of the collector. Chemical adsorption can be also confirmed from XPS analyses that the atomic concentration ratios of C and O to Mn on the treated mineral surfaces were increased and the binding energy of Mn3s was decreased. The experimental data achieve excellent agreement with the computational analyses.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 428-439
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of the characteristics about insulation damage based on the accelerated life tests
Badanie charakterystyk uszkodzeń izolacji w oparciu o testy przyspieszonego starzenia
Autorzy:
Yang, Y. H.
Wang, K.-S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/300857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
accelerated life testing
competing failure mode
insulation degradation
Gompertz-type relation shape parameter
Opis:
In this study the Maximum Likelihood Estimator is taken to identify the characteristics of insulation failure about the class-H motors by considering the accelerated life testing data under censored situation from Nelson. Based on the Weibull survival modeling the failure is expressed as the series connection of three modes, namely the turn, phase, and ground, respectively, the so-called competing failure. The main concern in present investigation is about the variation of shape parameters, β with the temperature. The Gompertz-type relation of βi(T) is suggested with the reference temperature, Tri for the i-th failure mode. It is found that the Tri ’s not only distinguish the characteristics of cumulative damage process about the insulation, but also involve the estimation of mean-time-to-failure (MTTF). Physically Tri denotes the turning point of varied βi as the i-th failure mode becomes moderate in a sense of less capability about the accumulation of insulation damage at higher temperature where corresponds the thermal degradation process. The numerical results indicate that the insulation technique used is acceptable as the operation temperature kept in the use condition 363K. According to the predicted lifetime as the temperature rises up to 440K, which still within the allowed range in application, the turn structure needs to be rearranged primarily, then the phase next. The ground mode has only influence on the failure at much higher temperature.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2013, 15, 4; 325-331
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Software Startups – A Research Agenda
Autorzy:
Unterkalmsteiner, M.
Abrahamsson, P.
Wang, X. F.
Nguyen-Duc, A.
Shah, S.
Bajwa, S. S.
Baltes, G. H.
Conboy, K.
Cullina, E.
Dennehy, D.
Edison, H.
Fernandez-Sanchez, C
Garbajosa, J.
Gorschek, T.
Klotins, E.
Hokkanen, L.
Kon, F.
Lunesu, I.
Marchesi, M.
Morgan, L.
Oivo, M.
Selig, C.
Seppänen, P.
Sweetman, R.
Tyrväinen, P.
Ungerer, C.
Yagüe, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
software startup
research agenda
software-intensive systems
Opis:
Software startup companies develop innovative, software-intensive products within limited time frames and with few resources, searching for sustainable and scalable business models. Software startups are quite distinct from traditional mature software companies, but also from micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises, introducing new challenges relevant for software engineering research. This paper’s research agenda focuses on software engineering in startups, identifying, in particular, 70+ research questions in the areas of supporting startup engineering activities, startup evolution models and patterns, ecosystems and innovation hubs, human aspects in software startups, applying startup concepts in non-startup environments, and methodologies and theories for startup research. We connect and motivate this research agenda with past studies in software startup research, while pointing out possible future directions. While all authors of this research agenda have their main background in Software Engineering or Computer Science, their interestin software startups broadens the perspective to the challenges, but also to the opportunities that emerge from multi-disciplinary research. Our audience is therefore primarily software engineering researchers, even though we aim at stimulating collaborations and research that crosses disciplinary boundaries. We believe that with this research agenda we cover a wide spectrum of the software startup industry current needs.
Źródło:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal; 2016, 10, 1; 89-123
1897-7979
Pojawia się w:
e-Informatica Software Engineering Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sire pedigree error estimation and sire verification of the Taiwan dairy cattle population by using SNP markers
Autorzy:
Chao, C.H.
Yeh, Y.H.
Chen, Y.M.
Lee, K.H.
Wang, S.H.
Lin, T.Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539078.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Holstein cattle
genetic testing
sire pedigree
Opis:
Information regarding the correct pedigree of and relationship between animals is useful for managing dairy breeding, reducing inbreeding, estimating breeding value, and establishing correct breeding programs. Additionally, the successful implementation of progeny testing is crucial for improving the genetics of dairy cattle, which depends on the availability of correct pedigree information. Incorrect pedigree information leads to bias in bull evaluation. In this study, Neogen GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 50K SNP chips were used to identify and verify the sire of Taiwanese Holstein dairy cattle and analyze the reasons that lead to incorrect sire records. Samples were collected from 2,059 cows of 36 dairy farms, and the pedigree information was provided by breeders. The results of sire verification can be divided into three categories: submitted unconfirmed sire, submitted confirmed sire, and incorrectly submitted verified sire. Data on the sires of 1,323 (64.25%) and 572 (27.78%) dairy cows were verified and discovered, respectively. Sires of 1,895 (92.03%) dairy cattle were identified, which showed that the paternal pedigree of dairy cattle could be discovered and verified through genetic testing. An error-like analysis revealed that the data of 37 sires were incorrectly recorded because the bull’s NAAB code number was incorrectly entered into the insemination records: for 19 sires, the wrong bull was recorded because the frozen semen of a bull placed in the wrong storage tank was used, 6 had no sire records, and for 12 sires, the NAAB code of the correct bull was recorded but with a wrong stud code, marketing code, or unique number for the stud or breed. To reduce recorded sire error rates by at least 27.78%, automated identification of the mated bull must be adopted to reduce human error and improve dairy breeding management on dairy farms.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2022, 25, 1; 61-65
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Serological and molecular evidence of Coxiella burnetii in samples from humans and animals in China
Autorzy:
El-Mahallawy, H.S.
Kelly, P.
Zhang, J.
Yang, Y.
Wei, L.
Tian, L.
Fan, W.
Zhang, Z.
Wang, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2016, 23, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review and future perspectives on the integration characteristics for equine lentivirus in the host genome
Autorzy:
Yu, Y.-Y.
Xu, M.-S.
Liang, H.
Wang, H.-Y.
Yu, C.-Q.
Liu, Q.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
lentivirus
equine infectious anemia virus
integration
long interspersed elements
Opis:
Despite over 40 years of research on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine, we still lack a considerable progress. Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a lentivirus in the Retroviridae family, akin to HIV-1 in genome structure and antigenicity. EIA is an important infectious disease in equids, characterized by anemia, persistent infection, and repeated fevers. The EIAV attenuated vaccine in China is the only lentiviral vaccine used on a large scale. Elucidating the mechanism of waning and induction of protective immunity from this attenuated vaccine strain will provide a critical theoretical basis and reference point for vaccine research, particularly in the development of lentivirus vaccines, with far-reaching scientific value and social significance. In this paper, we summarize the information related to EIAV integration site selection, particularly for the Chinese EIAV attenuated vaccine strains on the equine genome. This may improve our mechanistic understanding of EIAV virulence reduction at the host genome level. The obtained data may help elucidate the biological characteristics of EIAV, particularly the Chinese attenuated EIAV vaccine strain, and provide valuable information regarding retroviral infections, particularly lentiviral infection and associated therapeutic vectors.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2023, 26, 1; 163-172
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Retention, recovery and recycling of metal values from high alloyed Steel slags
Retencja, odzysk i recycling metalu z żużli wysokostopowych stali
Autorzy:
Teng, L. D.
Seetharaman, S.
Nzotta, M.
Dong, P. D.
Ge, H. L.
Wang, L. J.
Wang, H. J.
Chychko, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
retencja
odzysk
recykling
żużel
stal chromowa
odwęglanie
retention
recovery
recycling
slag
chromium steel
decarburization
Opis:
The work was carried out in four parallel directions. The thermodynamic activities of oxides of Cr in steel slags were determined by slag-gas equilibration technique. The ratio of Cr2+/Cr3+ in CaO-MgO(-FeO)-AlO3-SiO2-CrO× system slags was measured by X-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES). High-temperature mass spectrometry method was also used to obtain the distribution of chromium oxides. A mathematical correlation was established for estimating the ratio of Cr2+/Cr3+ as a function of temperature, partial pressure of oxygen and slag basicity. Laboratory investigations of the decarburization of high alloy steels under controlled oxygen potentials have been carried out to retain Cr in the steel phase. A mathematical model has been developed for the decarburization process with controlled oxygen partial pressure. Experimental and theoretical investigations have been carried out in optimizing the Mo-additions to steel in the EAF practice in Uddeholm Tooling AB. Substantial saving of Mo as well as less emissions of Mo-bearing dust are indicated in the study. A salt extraction process was developed to extract the metal values from steel slags. Successful extractions, followed by electrolysis indicate that this could be a viable route towards recovery of metals from metallurgical slags.
Praca była realizowana w czterech równoległych kierunkach. Termodynamiczne aktywności tlenków Cr w żużlu zostały określone w stanie równowagi żużel-gaz. Stosunek Cr2+/Cr3+ w żużlach CaO-MgO-(-FeO)-AlO3-SiO2-CrOx mierzono metodą absorpcji promieniowania rentgenowskiego w pobliżu krawędzi widm (XANES). W celu uzyskania rozdziału tlenków chromu wykorzystano wysokotemperaturową spektrometrię masową. Korelację matematyczną ustalono do oceny stosunku Cr2+/Cr3+, jako funkcji temperatury, ciśnienia parcjalnego tlenu i zasadowości żużla. Badania laboratoryjne odwęglania stali wysokostopowych, kontrolowanego przez potencjał tlenowy przeprowadzono, aby pozostawić Cr w stali. Model matematyczny został opracowany dla procesu odwęglania z kontrolą parcjalnego ciśnienia tlenu. Eksperymentalne i teoretyczne badania zostały przeprowadzone przez optymalizację dodatku Mo do stali w procesie EAF w Uddeholm Tooling AB. Znaczne oszczędności Mo, a także mniejsza emisja pyłu zawierającego Mo są wskazane w badaniu. Proces ekstrakcji soli został stworzony, aby wyodrębnić metal z żużli stalowniczych. Udane ekstrakcje, a następnie elektrolizy, wskazują, że mogłaby to być opłacalna droga do odzysku metali z żużli metalurgicznych.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2010, 55, 4; 1097-1104
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Response of energy-size reduction to the control of circulating load in vertical spindle pulverizer
Autorzy:
Li, H.
He, Y.
Zhang, Y.
Ge, Z.
Xie, W.
Wang, S.
Li, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110803.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
circulating load control
response of energy-size reduction
mixture grinding
energy efficiency
Opis:
In the vertical spindle pulverizer (VSP), the large circulation ratio and high ash and sulfur contents in circulating load would result in intensive energy consumption and low grinding efficiency. Although the control of circulating load would help increase the energy efficiency, no quantitative study has been conducted due to the high temperature and pressure in the closed VSP. In this study, response of energy-size reduction to the control of circulating load was studied by the experimental simulation method. Coal mixtures with fine/coarse ratio of 11:1, 8:1 and 6:1 were ground by a lab-scale roller mill. Energy-size reductions of the coarse coal were compared to evaluate the influence of circulating load control. Results showed that the product with the coarse coal increased by 30% when the specific breakage energy was 1.0 kWht–1 as the circulation ratio decreased from 11 to 6. Meanwhile, a breakage characteristic index of the coarse coal was two times higher due to the cushioning effect of fines. Besides, decrease of circulation ratio led to increase of the breakage rate of coarse coal, and the energy saving improved by 57%. With the same energy input of 2.0 kWht-1, the yield of –0.09 mm pulverized fuel (PF) increased from 22 to 43%. Therefore, controlling the circulating load is an effective method to improve the breakage rate of coarse coal and energy efficiency for PF generation.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 793-801
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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