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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Determining if Exhaust Emission From Light Duty Vehicle During Acceleration on The Basis of On-Road Measurements and Simulations
    Autorzy:
    Nowak, Mateusz
    Kamińska, Michalina
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027939.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    real driving emissions
    PEMS
    simulation
    CO₂ emission
    Opis:
    Vehicle exhaust emissions depend on multiple factors, such as the emission norm, driving parameters (speed, acceleration) or the technical condition of the vehicle. These driving parameters may often depend on the condition of the road infrastructure and other factors influencing road conditions. The article attempted to assess the emissivity during acceleration of a vehicle powered by a compression ignition engine. Mapping the actual values is possible with the use of exhaust emission measurement equipment that operates under the actual operating conditions of a vehicle. Recently, an increase in the use of simulation methods in research of this type has been observed. The authors decided to check the suitability of using road traffic simulation software to estimate the $CO_2$ emissions during vehicle acceleration. The obtained results are promising, because in terms of the emissions of the analyzed exhaust gas component, the simulation results differed from the results obtained during measurements with the use of Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) equipment by less than ±20%.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 10; 63-72
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of the Particulate Filter Use in the Spark Ignition Engine Vehicle on the Exhaust Emission in Real Driving Emission Test
    Autorzy:
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124146.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    Real Driving Emissions
    emission
    gasoline particulate filter
    particulate matter
    Opis:
    The introduction of new exhaust emissions norms for motor vehicles forces manufacturers to rely on th new technologies of exhaust gas aftertreatment and emission reduction. The past studies by the authors demonstrated a significant emission of nanoparticles from the gasoline engines with direct fuel injection, especially dangerous for the human health and life. The latest solution is a particulate filter designed for spark ignition engines, introduced in parallel with a norm limiting their number emission. The research conducted within the article concerned testing its effectiveness by measuring the vehicle equipped with and without the filter under real driving conditions. The drive cycle was made in accordance with the requirements of the RDE (Real Driving Emission) standard using PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) equipment. The values of harmful gaseous components and solid particles were measured in terms of mass and number. The comparison of emission results indicated a significant efficiency of the filter in terms of particle weight and number reduction. The dimensional distribution of particle diameters were also analyzed, which changed as a result of the filter. The authors believe that the filter efficiency is the result of much higher temperatures of exhaust gases than in the case of diesel engines, which causes the incineration.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 1; 120-127
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analiza wyników symulacji różnych konfiguracji filtrów cząstek stałych w układzie wylotowym silnika o zapłonie iskrowym
    Analysis of the simulation results of various particulate filter configurations in exhaust system of a spark-ignition engine
    Autorzy:
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Fuć, Paweł
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/314483.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    silnik spalinowy
    symulacja CFD
    GPF
    emisja PM
    combustion engines
    CFD simulation
    PM emission
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki symulacji przepływu gazów wylotowych przez trzy konfiguracje ceramicznego nośnika umieszczonego w układzie wylotowym silnika. Nośniki różniły się parametrami gęstości cel na całej długości filtra. Przebadano filtr o stałym parametrze CPSI (ang. Cell per Square Inch), filtr o dwóch różnych gęstościach cel oraz nośnik potrójny. Dla każdego z elementów filtra wprowadzone zostały warunki brzegowe, które określają charakter przepływu oraz definiują rodzaj powierzchni danego elementu. Określony został także skład gazów wylotowych, których przepływ jest symulowany. Warunki początkowe symulacji zawierają dane dotyczące ciśnienia, temperatury oraz prędkości przepływu. Do przeprowadzenia symulacji wykorzystano oprogramowanie AVL Fire Aftertreatment. Program stanowi wiodące narzędzie do symulacji CFD w dziedzinie silników spalinowych.
    The article presents the results of exhaust gas flow simulation by three configurations of a ceramic support placed in the engine exhaust system. The carriers differed in the cell density parameters along the entire length of the filter. A filter with a fixed CPSI (Cell per Square Inch) parameter, a filter with two different cell densities and a triple support were tested. For each element of the filter, boundary conditions have been introduced, which define the nature of the flow and define the type of surface of a given element. The composition of the exhaust gases whose flow is simulated was also determined. The initial conditions of the simulation include data on pressure, temperature and velocity. AVL Fire Aftertreatment was used to carry out the simulation. The program is a leading tool for CFD simulation in the field of internal combustion engines.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 6; 268-273
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Integration of capacitors with carbon-lignin based electrodes in rail vehicles for enhanced energy efficiency
    Autorzy:
    Kurc, Beata
    Woźniak, Krystian
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32222566.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-12-28
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
    Tematy:
    braking energy
    capacitors
    energy consumption
    lignin
    railbus
    Opis:
    The article presents considerations regarding the possibility of recovering braking energy of a rail vehicle. The energy parameters obtained during acceleration and braking of the loaded railbus were taken as input data. It was found that over 13 kWh of energy was lost irretrievably in the braking resistors. Due to the speed of the discussed process, capacitors with an original design were proposed for energy recovery. For the purposes of this study, electrodes were fabricated using carbon derived from lignin carbonization at two distinct temperatures: 900°C and 1000°C. Based on the electrochemical tests carried out, it was found that the second proposed solution achieves a significantly better power-to-weight ratio – 13 kW/kg.
    Źródło:
    Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2023, 3-4; 33-39
    0138-0370
    2719-9630
    Pojawia się w:
    Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of Toxicity Indexes in Reference to Carbon Dioxide for a Vehicle Equipped with a Two-Stroke Engine without an Exhaust Aftertreatment System
    Autorzy:
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Ziętara, Bartosz
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Kołodziejek, Daniel
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201656.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    moped
    PEMS
    portable emission measurement system
    toxicity index
    exhaust emission
    real driving conditions
    Opis:
    Research work on the new assessment of environmental indicators using equipment from the PEMS group (Portable Emission Measurement Systems) with motor vehicles is being developed. Due to the miniaturization of equipment, there are new measurement possibilities for more and more numerous groups of vehicles, including two-wheelers. The article presents the research and a summary of the results of a moped equipped with a two-stroke engine, approved in accordance with the Euro 3 standard. The research object is mainly used for driving in urban traffic. Therefore, the research route was created as the first communication frame in the Poznań agglomeration. In the analysis of the results, the author’s M toxicity index was proposed, which is based on the assumption that CO2 emission is a measure of the correctness of the combustion process. The equipment from the PEMS-AxionR/S+ group, characterized by small dimensions and low weight, was used to determine the actual motion parameters and the emission of toxic compounds. In the analysis of the measurement results, dimensionless indicators of toxicity M of gaseous compounds were determined and a comparative analysis was made with the values of other objects obtained in the course of previous research (motorcycle, passenger car, off-road vehicle, hybrid bus and agricultural tractor). Due to the engine design (two-stroke type), the worst environmental indicators were obtained for CO and HC compared to other tested vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 228--236
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The impact of particulate filter substrate type on the gaseous exhaust components emission
    Autorzy:
    Sokolnicka-Popis, Barbara
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Gallas, Dawid
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097478.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    filtration
    emission
    particulate filter
    gaseous components
    combustion
    filtracja
    emisja
    filtr cząstek stałych
    składniki gazowe
    spalanie
    Opis:
    The article presents ceramic and metal substrate filtration efficiency in the particulate filter of a spark-ignition engine with direct fuel injection. Gaseous exhaust components were taken into account. There are many publications on the solid particles mass and number reduction, so the authors examined the effect of catalytic carriers on gaseous compounds, such as CO, NOx, THC, whose content also poses a threat to human health and life, and this issue is not often described in the literature dedicated to measurements of modern internal combustion engines. During the tests, the length and carrier material effect on the emission of harmful substances in exhaust gases was determined.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2020, 59, 4; 58--62
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of emission indicators related to CO2 emissions in the ecological assessment of an agricultural tractor
    Autorzy:
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Merkisz, Jerzy
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Kamińska, Michalina
    Weymann, Sylwester
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2038051.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
    Tematy:
    agricultural machinery
    emission of CO2
    emission indicators
    PEMS
    RDE
    Opis:
    The paper presents the proposed proprietary M exhaust emission indicator, which is based on the assumption that CO2 emissions are a measure of the correctness of the combustion process. The measurements were performed using a farm tractor meeting the Tier 3 emission norm, operated in real conditions during plowing work. The tests were carried out for a given land section at three speeds In the analysis of test results, the net engine work was used, as it is carried out in the type approval procedures. When measuring in real operating conditions, the torque read from the OBD system is overstated because it takes into account the engine’s internal resistance. In the analysis of test results, the fuel consumption, emission indicators of gaseous compounds and particulates were determined, and the best conditions for conducting agricultural works were indicated in terms of their impact on the natural environment. The aim of the work is to verify the possibility of determining the emission index for an off-road vehicle and a comparative analysis of its values for various operating parameters of a farm tractor. On this basis, it was found that the lowest values of the M identity were recorded for the test characterized by a vehicle speed of 15 km/h.
    Źródło:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2021, 23, 4; 605-611
    1507-2711
    Pojawia się w:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative analysis of exhaust emissions from passenger cars and motorcycles
    Autorzy:
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Lijewski, Piotr
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132906.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    combustion engines
    passenger car
    motorcycle
    emission
    silniki spalinowe
    samochód osobowy
    emisja
    Opis:
    The subject of this article is a comparative analysis of exhaust emissions for: HC (hydrocarbons), CO (carbon monoxide), CO2 (carbon dioxide), NOx (nitrogen oxides) from a passenger vehicle and a motorcycle in laboratory conditions on a dynamometer station. The first vehicle category was represented by a compression-ignition engine with a displacement volume of 1.3 dm3 and a power of 66 kW. The exhaust aftertreatment system included a catalytic converter and a particulate filter. The second category was a motorcycle, equipped with an engine with a displacement of 0.7 dm3 and a maximum power of 55 kW. The two-wheeled vehicle was equipped with a three-way catalytic converter. Speeds were modeled on the European type approval test - NEDC (New European Driving Cycle). In order to conduct a comparative analysis of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption from vehicles of different categories, the obtained results were presented in the form of emissions converted into passenger-kilometers (g/pkm). The research used modern equipment belonging to the PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) group of devices. The analyzes carried out enable the decision making on which vehicles have a greater environmental impact due to their exhaust emissions, taking into account the distance and the number of passengers carried.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 2; 19-22
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Harmful exhaust components and particles mass and number emission during the actual drive of a passenger car in accordance with the RDE procedure
    Autorzy:
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Fuć, Paweł
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Grzeszczyk, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134096.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    RDE procedure
    particulate mass
    particulate number
    exhaust emission
    direct injection
    procedura RDE
    masa cząstek stałych
    liczba cząstek stałych
    emisja spalin
    wtrysk bezpośredni
    Opis:
    The article presents toxic exhaust components emission measurement results as well as solid particles mass and number. The test involved a direct gasoline injection engine, in which special attention should be paid to the particulates number emission. Small diameters of nanoparticles make them particularly dangerous to human health. Nowadays, vehicle engines are constantly improved and modernized as a result of the need to meet existing exhaust gas emission standards. One of the few ways to determine the actual content of toxic and harmful compounds in the exhaust gases is the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) procedure, the requirements of which apply from 2016 for new vehicles, and from 2019 will apply to all registered passenger cars. The RDE procedure does not replace the WLTP (World Light-Duty Vehicle Test Procedure), but complements it. The tests on the dynamometer are separated from external conditions such as traffic volume or congestion and are not a sufficient indicator of emissions in real traffic conditions.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 198-202
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Use of toxicity indicators related to CO2 emissions in the ecological assessment of an two-wheel vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Kamińska, Michalina
    Lijewski, Piotr
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Tutak, Przemysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097581.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    motorcycles
    toxicity indicators
    laboratory conditions
    WMTC test
    PEMS
    motocykle
    wskaźniki toksyczności
    warunki laboratoryjne
    test WMTC
    Opis:
    The subject of the article is proposed proprietary M toxicity indicator, which is based on the assumption that CO2 emissions are a measure of the correctness of the combustion process. For this purpose, gaseous exhaust compounds such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide were measured and analyzed. The test object was a motorcycle, equipped with an gasoline engine with a displacement of 0.7 dm3 and a maximum power of 55 kW. The tests were carried out using the PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement System) AxionR/S+. The exhaust emissions measurement was done in line with the WMTC (World Motorcycles Test Cycle) certification test, dedicated to vehicles in this category. The test consists of three parts, each of them lasts 600 s and has a different maximum speed value. The test was performed on a single-roller chassis dynamometer, designed for testing two-wheeled vehicles. The toxicity indicators and rotation speed results were presented as a function of time.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2021, 60, 4; 36--41
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Measurement of rail vehicles exhaust emissions
    Autorzy:
    Kamińska, Michalina
    Kołodziejek, Daniel
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Fuć, Paweł
    Grzeszczyk, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097647.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    exhaust emission
    rail vehicles
    real driving emissions
    RDE
    portable emission measurement system
    PEMS
    non-road mobile machinery
    NRMM
    emisja spalin
    pojazdy szynowe
    rzeczywista emisja cząstek
    przenośne systemy pomiaru emisji
    pozadrogowe maszyny ruchome
    Opis:
    The basic problem in terms of measuring exhaust emissions is the approval tests of traction vehicles, which are carried out on engine dynamometers. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain reliable results concerning their actual impact on the natural environment. It is therefore advisable to carry out the tests in real operation conditions, as is the case for road vehicles for which RDE (Real Driving Emissions) tests are carried out. The latest Stage V emission standards push for the introduction of this type of test, but no limit values for toxic exhaust gases have been established and no test guidelines have been defined for assessing actual emissions. This article describes the issues related to the legislative guidelines for non-road vehicles in force in Europe, as well as the measurement tools used, such as mobile equipment for measuring emissions of PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) and newly developed emission gates. Additionally, the paper presents examples of locomotive exhaust emission tests in real operating conditions. The aim of the measurements was to assess the emission of toxic compounds against the relevant standards. The subject of the research was a diesel locomotive type T448.P equipped with a modernized internal combustion engine.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 2; 10--17
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of Research Method, Results and Regulations Regarding the Exhaust Emissions from Two-Wheeled Vehicles under Actual Operating Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Lijewski, Piotr
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Domowicz, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124348.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    two-wheeled vehicles
    exhaust emission
    RDE methodology
    PEMS
    Opis:
    The subject of this article was the analysis of the current state of legislation regarding the exhaust emissions from two-wheeled vehicles. The regulations and emission limits were analyzed and compared for different areas of the world. Moreover, the review of the legal provisions includes an individual approach to specific categories of two-wheeled vehicles. The study also describes the research and exhaust emission measurement methods from mopeds and motorcycles both under laboratory conditions and in actual operation. The methods were evaluated in the aspect of future emission requirements and trends. In addition, the results of emissivity measurements under actual operating conditions obtained in the Poznań agglomeration with the use of motorcycle units were discussed and analyzed. The values of road emissions of all toxic compounds limited by legislators were compared with emission standards.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2020, 21, 1; 128-139
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of exhaust emission measurements in rural conditions from heavy-duty vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Ziółkowski, Andrzej
    Fuć, Paweł
    Lijewski, Piotr
    Rymaniak, Łukasz
    Daszkiewicz, Paweł
    Kamińska, Michalina
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Jagielski, Aleks
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097466.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    heavy-duty vehicle
    emission test
    exhaust emission
    samochód ciężarowy
    badanie emisji
    emisja spalin
    Opis:
    Road transport holds for the largest share in the freight transport sector in Europe. This work is carried out by heavy vehicles of various types. It is assumed that, in principle, transport should take place on the main road connections, such as motorways or national roads. Their share in the polish road infrastructure is not dominant. Rural and communal roads roads are the most prevalent. This fact formed the basis of the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption tests of heavy vehicles in real operating conditions. A set of vehicles (truck tractor with a semi-trailer) meeting the Euro V emission norm, transporting a load of 24,800 kg, was selected for the tests. The research was carried out on an non-urban route, the test route length was 22 km. A mobile Semtech DS instrument was used, which was used to measure the exhaust emissions. Based on the obtained results, the emission characteristics were determined in relation to the operating parameters of the vehicles drive system. Road emission, specific emission and fuel consumption values were also calculated.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2020, 59, 3; 54--58
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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