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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 34
Tytuł:
Bractwo Różańcowe w Urzędowie w XVIII wieku
The Rosary Brotherhood in Urzędów in the 18th Century
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
bractwa
konfraternie
Bractwo Różańcowe
Urzędów
parafia
prebenda
prebendarz
seniorzy bractwa
beneficjum
uposażenie
Brotherhoods
confraternities
Rosary Brotherhood
parish
prebend
prebendary
seniors of brotherhood
benefice
salary
Opis:
Among the bigger and smaller social groups that have existed in the history, religious brotherhoods deserve a special attention. Their origin goes back to the Christian times. In the medieval Western Europe brotherhoods became a common phenomenon. In Poland, like in the whole Catholic Church, a specially dynamic development of brotherhoods took place only after the Trent Council. They became an important factor in the revival of the Church and they influenced the spiritual awareness of the society. They also played an important role in fighting Protestantism. Well-organized brotherhoods, often having their own altars, chapels and chaplains, realized their own public-religious aims contained in their statutes. In the 17th-18th centuries Urzędów had four religious brotherhoods. Urzędów was a crown town, established by King Władysław Jagiełło in 1405. It was the seat of the deanery of the same name, which belonged in that time to the Zawichost arch-deanery and the Cracow diocese. Three of the Urzędów brotherhoods were confraternities that were the best known and the most popular in Poland: The Literary Brotherhood, The St. Anna's Brotherhood, and The Rosary Brotherhood. Apart from them the unique St. Sebastian Brotherhood was active for a short time that did not exist anywhere else. The oldest of them was the Literary Brotherhood of Our Lady, which was established in 1489; the youngest was the Jesus and the Immaculate Mary Rosary Brotherhood. It was established in 1721 and accepted in 1726. It was founded by noblemen, Krzysztof Węgliński and Benedykt Węgliński. The two men also had the right of patronage over the brotherhood. By virtue of the foundation and erection the brotherhood had its own benefice (rosary prebend), chapel with a fraternal altar in it, and its own prebendary. In his account of 1781 the inspector states that at the beginning the prebend had its own chapel adjacent to the parish church, but after the church had been burned down in 1755, and another one was built, the chapel was situated in one of the aisles. The confraternity's main aim was to propagate the cult and glory of Our Lady as well as promoting and practicing the rosary services that were headed by an appointed priest who did the religious service in the brotherhood. The prebendaries were chosen and presented by the founders. The successive prebendaries in Urzędów were: Rev. Paweł Smoleński, Rev. Krakowiecki, Rev. Błażej Pezielski, Rev. Franciszek Szymański, Rev. Adrian Pawełecki. The last prebendary in the 18th century was Rev. Szymon (Mateusz) Tymiński. The successors of the confraternity founders had the right of presentation. Brotherhoods, especially the bigger ones, had their own administrations. They were headed by the seniors who were obliged to see to the whole of their activities. Also the brotherhood scribe was an important person, as he entered the names of new members of the brotherhood in a special register; he also collected and noted down the membership fees. In the Urzędów Rosary Brotherhood most of the mentioned functions and tasks were performed by two trusted members, usually representatives of the municipal authorities, and, as a rule, wealthy people, called “provisories” or “seniors”. The religious associations' activities were always based on bigger or smaller financial foundations. Of the Urzędów ones the Rosary Brotherhood had decidedly the most financial resources. Its wealth resulted from the benefice guaranteed by the founders and collators. Besides the property belonging to the brotherhood itself, their prebendary had his own, ample salary. Both the prebendary and the brotherhood itself had estates, bequeathed sums of money on the estates belonging to the Urzędów townspeople, and revenues coming from collections, contributions and alms from the parishioners. The fall of brotherhoods came in the period of a full bloom of the Enlightenment in Europe and the development of the so-called Catholic Enlightenment. In the period immediately preceding the final fall of Poland in 1795 all brotherhoods active there were doomed to wretched existence and slowly they ended their life in the initial phase of the occupation of the Polish lands by the three invaders. In 1801 only the Rosary Brotherhood still worked at the Urzędów church, while the remaining ones stopped their activities, and their benefices were given to the parish after the fire of the parish church in 1755. The other sources of income and charity bequests were assigned for building a new church. The Rosary Brotherhood continued its work after Poland lost sovereignty, through most of the 19th century. However, the political and social conditions in which it had to work was completely new; also the situation in which the Polish Church found itself was completely different from the previous one.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2004, 52, 2; 25-55
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ustrój polskich szpitali potrydenckich
Die Verwaltung der polnischen Spitäler in nachtridentischer Zeit
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955128.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
Bei der Behandlung des in der Literatur bisher sehr kontrovers beleuchteten Problems der Verwaltung der Spitäler in nachtridentinischer Zeit muß die große Heterogenität der einzelnen Spitäler in der Adelsrepublik unterstrichen werden, für die sehr unterschiedliche lokalen Faktoren verantwortlich waren; außerdem war sie durch die Arten der Spitäler und den Charakter der Ortschaften bedingt, in denen sie sich befanden. Generell jedoch war das Spital im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert eine typisch kirchliche Institution. Die Kirche übte die unanfechtbare Oberhoheit darüber aus. In den Spitälern auf dem Lande, die nur selten besondere Spitalverwalter unterhielten, war der Pfarrherr der einzige für ihr Funktionieren im administrativen und pastoralen Bereich verantwortliche Vorgesetzte. In den städtischen Pfarrspitälern wurde der Pfarrer sehr oft von Spitalverwaltern vertreten, so daß nur die Armenseelsorge in seiner Kompetenz verblieb. Anders verhielt es sich in den noch im Mittelalter entstandenen Präpositurspitälern in größeren Städten, wo ein geistiger Präposit die gesamte cura animarum für die Armen ausübte, während die Verwaltungs- und wirtschaftlichen Angelegenheiten ausschließlich in der Kompetenz der von den Stadtämtern delegierten Verwalter lag.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2000, 48, 2 Special Issue; 543-560
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dzieci porzucone w rodzinach zastępczych w Rzymie i okolicach w XVII i XVIII wieku
Abandoned Babies in Foster Families in Rome and its Vicinity in the 17-18th Centuries
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955896.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The phenomenon of abandoning unwanted babies that had been known and occurred on a large scale for ages was also extremely frequent in the area of the whole Church State. A special role in rescuing such babies and in helping them throughout their lives was played by the Holy Spirit Hospital in Rome that was founded by Pope Innocent III and run by the Order of the Holy Spirit. The model and system of fostering abandoned children was used for many ages by other charity organizations, run not only by that order. The building of the Rome hospital was planned in such a way that it guaranteed complete anonymousness to the people exposing their babies and keeping the matter in secret. The babies, who were usually brought at night or at dusk, were put into a drum mounted into the outer wall. After turning the drum, at the bell's signal, the waifs were transferred to the person on duty inside the hospital and then to the wet nurses constantly residing in the hospital. In the 17th and 18th centuries nearly 1000 babies on average were brought to the hospital every year. The phenomenon of abandoning babies was so common that the Holy Spirit Hospital was not able to secure lodgings and care or maintainance for them. Hence efforts were made to give as many foundlings as possible to women living outside the hospital to be fed and fostered. In return for this the wet nurses received regular help in money and clothes from the hospital. Women willing to act as wet nurses had to meet strict conditions laid down by the hospital. The conditions concerned their health and quality of their milk as well as their moral-ethical attitude, religious life and financial status. Because of the better weather as well as moral conditions such wet nurses were preferred who came from small villages situated mainly within several dozen kilometres from Rome. The number of children who were with their foster parents in the 18th century was about 2000. An absolute majority of waifs (over 90%) given to foster parents in small towns and villages found themselves in peasant families, whereas most families that took care of the hospital children in Rome were craftsmen's families. Abandoned babies were often used by their foster parents in an illegal way to get money. Such a behaviour of the wet nurses and their families was a large scale phenomenon throughout the 18th century. Keeping the babies' death secret in order to continue receiving help from the hospital was quite frequent. Also abandoning babies by legally married couples and taking them back from the hospital for profit reached frightening proportions. So called intermediaries' actions had the most criminal character. They were involved in trading the foundlings. The inspectors often found more than a dozen waifs illegally taken from the hospital in their homes, that also served as hiding places.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 1999, 47, 2; 125-148
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan fizyczny i zdrowotny pensjonariuszy Szpitala Świętego Ducha w Rzymie w XVII-XVIII wieku
The State of Health of the Patients of the Holy Ghost Hospital in Rome in the 17th and 18th Centuries
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1957174.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The fate of the unwanted and abandoned children, likewise of the sick, old and poor people, has since the most ancient times been always topical. It has been a touchy social, moral and ethical problem, and difficult to be solved. The widespread phenomenon of abandoning children in Rome and its vicinity decidedly affected the decision of Pope Innocent III to found in 1198 the Holy Ghost Hospital-Poor-House in Rome, being under the jurisdiction of the order of the Holy Ghost Fathers. The principal function of this hospital, from the moment of its rise onward, was to take care about the children abandoned by their mothers or families. It is worth noting that there was a high death rate among the children abandoned at the hospital. In the beginning of the 17th century it exceeded their total population by 30 per cent. Many children would die even before they arrived at the hospital, during secret labours deprived of any professional assistance. Then they would die during their long-awaited transport, lasting several days or several weeks, as well as during a long and exhausting journey to the poor-house. Then came a drastic selection as early as during the two-week stay in the hospital. The vast majority of the children were fed by wet nurses in appalling hygienic and sanitary conditions and very poor accommodation and they would not survive till the moment wet nurses appeared, ready to take up further care about them in their homes. As well as their high mortality, one of the reasons why the newly born children were abandoned were their congenital and acquired diseases and other physical handicaps. The foundlings who came to the hospital had very poor health, many defects, their bodies were covered with ulcers and wounds. They were also infected with venereal diseases. A considerable part of them were disabled children. The hospital authorities tended to give as many foundlings as possible to the women living in Rome or other places to be fed and brought up. It should be emphasized that the children given to surrogate families were in a very bad health condition. In 1705, during the visitation to the foundlings living in places outside Rome, more than fifty of them were found to be ill with serious diseases and handicaps. The most common defects were the following: unidentified handicap (storpiati), skin diseases, mycosis, itch, dwarfism, height deficiency, and ocular diseases, including partial or complete blindness. Certainly, a considerable part of diseases and physical disabilities were congenital; most of them, however, were acquired in later age, due to unfortunate accidents, e.g. knocked out eyes. Some diseases or general malaise in the children could have been due to negligence on the part of their carers. Therefore it goes without saying that various diseases present in the children entrusted to the surrogate families caused their high mortality. After a temporary, eleven- (girls) or twelve-year (boys) long stay in the homes of their wet nurses the abandoned children had to return to the poor-house. The girls coming back from their wet nurse and thenceforth called “Zittelle,” were placed in the so-called “Conservatorio,” while the boys were put in another place, in “Scuola dei Putti.” In comparison with “Zitelle del Conservatorio,” whose number in general varied from 500 to 800, the boys educated at school (as a rule 40-50 of them) with regard to their total number in the hospital were a marginal phenomenon. As regards the “Zitelle” living in “Conservatorio,” their health condition wes very unfavourable. A large number of handicaps and various diseases running among the “Zittelle” is confirmed by different sources of both the 17th and 18th centuries. For example, the percentage of the “Zittelle Invalide ed Informe” in relation to the total number in “Conservatorio” ranged in the last decade of the 18th century between 27 and 31%. In the beginning of the second half of that century 158 of the “Zittelle” out 940, that is 17% of the total number of inhabitants of the poor-house, suffered from various diseases, ailments and disability. It is worth noting the vast variety of handicaps and incurable diseases (“imperfezioni e mali incurabili”) from which the inhabitants of the poor-house suffered. There were as many as 96 cases of various complicated and chronic, most often permanent deformities, diseases and lesions. Most of them were congenital, rarely acquired. Among the physical defects usually there were the following: the absence of one eye, lameness, claudication, dwarfism, deficiency, hypogenesis and paresis, hump, the absence of speech, fatuity and mental debility, blindness, skin disease, immobile eye, tuberculosis, deafness, varicose veins, the absence of fingers, asthma, paralysis, epilepsy, communicable disease (imprecise), stammer, oedema and the like. Some women had simultaneously several complicated diseases and ailments, e.g. one of them did not have one eye and suffered from epilepsy, another was a paralysed asthmatic.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 1998, 46, 2; 117-148
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pensjonariusze szpitali wielkopolskich w XVII i XVIII wieku
The Patients of the Hospitals in Greater Poland in the 17th and 18th Centuries
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1964689.pdf
Data publikacji:
1990
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
From the very moment of the conversion to Christianity the Church carried out a charitable activity on the basis of hospitals which she set up. In the Middle Ages as well as in the period of the 16th - 18th centuries they played first of all the function of poor-houses, and not infirmaries. The phenomena of poverty, beggary and vagrancy constituted the most complicated and difficult socialproblems which could not be completely solved by establishing hospitals. Thus it turned out to be necessary to select the poor addmitted to hospitals. On the one hand, the question was how to provide care first for those who were most in need, and on the other, to cope with the so-called „false poor”, namely, people who were young, strong and healthy, and yet they begged under the disguise of poverty. To hospitals could be admitted only those who were unable to work, crippled, ill, old, particularly people from the parish where the hospital was. In the first thirty years of the 17th century barely every fifth parish of the Poznań diocese had a hospital within its territory. At the end of that century there were hospitals in circa half of the parishes in the diocese. Principally, the number of hospitals in the last quarter of the 17th century did not change throughout the 18th century. In the first half of the 17th century in all hospitals of that part of the Poznań diocese which belonged to Greater Poland there were at the same time ca 641 patients, but in the last quarter of the 17th century there were 569 poor people. In the first half of the 18th century the total number of the poor in hospitals dropped a little. In the period of 1724-1728 there were 567 people and in 1737-1744 only 461. The number of the „hospital inhabitants”, however, raised after the first partition, reaching 63. It was very characteristic of that period that the average number of patients in a hospital dropped successively. In the period of 1603-1611 on the average in particular hospitals of the archidiaconates in the Poznań diocese there were from 9 to 12 people, whereas throughout the 18th century the average number of people living in the hospitals of this diocese ranged from 4 to 6. The reason why the number of the poor in hospitals raised in the first half of the 17th century was due to the small number of hospitals. That is why they had to accomodate the greater number of the poor. As a rule the participation of women in the overall structure of patients ranged from 65 to 80 per cent. It was a very typical and common phenomenon in the Poznań diocese that the use of hospitals was inappropriate, which in turn contributed to the limited number of beds, and in consequence to a considerable fall in the number of patients who lived there. „Unlawful inhabitants” in hospitals constituted a very differentiated mosaic in view of their professional and social status. Most often the co-tenants of the patients were: organists and then hospital provosts. Hospital buildings were also let to schools. Furthermore one could encounter in hospitals: bailiffs, bell-ringers, teachers, and curates, people who served the Church, and even a Jew.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 1990, 38, 2; 119-181
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Losy wychowanków Szpitala Świętego Ducha w Rzymie w XVIII w.
The Fate of the Pupils of the Holy Ghost Hospital in Rome in the 13th Century
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1860556.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The fate of the unwanted and abandoned children, similarly as the sick people and the poor, have from time immemorial always been a current, drastic and difficult problem, both moral and ethical. There were many abandoned children in Rome and in its vicinity, a phenomenon that decidedly influenced Innocent III’s decision to found in 1198 a hospital-poor-house in Rome. The hospital was run by the Holy Ghost Fathers. Its principal function, from the time of its foundation onwards, was to take care about the children forsaken by their mothers or families. To abandon a child at the poor-house did not always mean that the child had to stay long there. The hospital personnel made efforts to give as many foundlings as possible to women in Rome or its vicinity to feed and bring them up. After about eleven- (girls) or twelve-year stay (boys) at wet nurses’, the forsaken children would return to the poor-house. Most of them, however, again left the hospital. The girls would get married or were given in service with other people. Generally speaking, they would never return from that service to the hospital. Now the boys, almost all of them, were taken by craftsmen as apprentices. Some foundlings, male and female alike, were given into adoption. It is characteristic that, generally, the hospital foundlings given into adoption, service or apprenticeship, usually came to the same families or persons who had prior taken care of them in the period until they became eleven or twelve years old. The persons who hosted the hospital charges lived, as rule, not farther than 100 km away from Rome. The carers of the foundlings belonged to the lower social classes. The most numerous group consisted of peasants and poor craftsmen.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1997, 25, 2; 141-168
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Figli Legitimi” w Rzymie i w państwie kościelnym w XVIII w.
"Figli Legitimi" in Rome and the Church State in the 18th Century
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861375.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The fate of unwanted children, the so-called "foundlings", was from the most ancient times an ever current and difficult to solve social problem. The pope Innocent III founded in medieval Rome the Holy Ghost hospital, which was an attempt to solve this problem; the hospital was administered by the order of the Holy Ghost Fathers. In the 17th century, as a rule, over 1000 children were abandoned at the hospital annually, and in the 18th c. from 500 to 900. Rome was the main source of hospital foundlings, and the towns and villages situated within 100 kilometers from the capital of the Church State, especially northward. According to the primary idea of Innocent III the Holy Ghost hospital was for illegitimate children, who came from illegal non-marital relation. Instructions were often issued which recommended admitting to hospital "figli illegitimi" exclusively, and at the same time strictly forbade abandoning "figli legitimi", that is children from legal and full marriages. These guidelines not always brought about the expected effect, since in practice many children from full families were abandoned at the hospital. The decisive majority consisted of children from poor families or they were disabled and ill. A lot of parents abandoned their children at the hospital for some commercial and financial reasons. Then by way of deception they took from the hospital the children they had earlier abandoned. They posed as custodians who would like to bring up hospital foundlings for a permanent payment from the hospital. The hospital staff sought to do away with this practice. They recommended that all foundlings from legal marriages, after proving this fact, should immediately be sent back to their lawful parents. In the period of 1737-1749, during a visitation 21 foundlings were sent back to their parents.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1995, 23, 2; 87-100
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dzieci porzucone w Rzymie i okolicach w XVIII wieku
Forsaken Children in Rome and its Surroundings in the 18th Century
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861418.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
The main purpose of the hospital of the Holy Ghost, founded in 1198 and run by Spirituals, was to take care about the forsaken children who were born out of wedlock. Practically they often cared also about children from poor families. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries ca 500-1000 newborns were abandoned at the hospital. The political and social situation in the Church State as well as disasters, which often occurred, had a large bearing on the course and increase of the phenomena of abandoning children. The main source of enlisting foundlings were villages and localities placed within 100 km from Rome, especially north of Rome. As a rule, people abandoned infants at the age of a couple or dozen days or so. The structure and internal layout of the hospital and poor-house were designed in such a way so that it could warrant total discretion for those who abandoned children. People brought foundlings to the poor-house at night or at dark, which provided anonymity for those who left their children. Having being admitted, the babies were then marked with the sign of a double cross, which was the symbol of the Holy Ghost’s hospital. Then they were handed over to the nurses in charge. Abandoning one’s children at the poor-house did not always mean their long-term stay at this institution. The hospital staff sought to give them, as soon as possible, to living in Rome or other places who could feed them and bring them up. Those women who wanted to be nurses in the poor-house, as well as in their own houses, the hospital would put some very rigorous conditions as to both their health, their moral and ethical attitude and their religious life. The children taken from the hospital to be fed and brought up, after a period of stay in the houses of their guardians, had to be unconditionally brought back to the hospital at the age of 11 (girls) or 12.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1994, 22, 2; 84-108
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Źródła normatywne kościelne jako podstawa do badań nad szpitalnictwem w Polsce przedrozbiorowej
Normative Church Sources as a Basis for the Study of Hospital Care in Poland Before the Partitions
Autorzy:
Surdacki, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1871004.pdf
Data publikacji:
1990
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Opis:
Charity and care of the poor, the sick, the old, vagrants, cripples, the homeless, the handicapped and those struck by other misfortunes were from the earliest times a pressing, difficult and sensitive social problem. From the beginning the Church's charitable activities concentrated around the hospitals which it founded. But synodal statutes, which were the main source of Church legislation in Poland, contain hardly any laws or decrees concerning hospitals until almost as late as the mid-sixteenth century. The pre-Tridentine synods took no direct interest in hospitals, dealing instead with various noninstitutional forms of helping the poor. This lack of interest in hospitals on the part of the pre-Tridentine synods certainly shows relative independence of hospitals from the Church, and the considerable influence municipal authorities had on their management. A breakthrough for the Church's charitable undertakings came at the Council of Trent, which totally subordinated hospitals to the Church, charging the latter with responsibility for founding new hospitals and care of the needy. The Council's constitutions greatly affected the model and the development of hospital care. Postconciliar Church legislation more and more frequently dealt with the problems of Church hospitals. A document of fundamental importance for subsequent legislation regulating the model, functions and internal organization of hospitals in all Polish dioceses was a pastoral letter known as "The Pastoral". It was issued at the synod of the diocese of Cracow in 1601 by Bishop Bernard Maciejowski and then announced at the provincial synod at Piotrków in 1607. Later Church legislation, though frequently dealing with matters of charity and welfare, did not contribute much to the problem of hospitals. The frequent editions of The Pastoral and its reprints in the records of later 17th and 18th century synods show that the questions of welfare and hospital organization it dealt with remained a live issue for about 150 years. This demonstrates the stability of the Polish model of hospital care in the post-Tridentine period.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 1990, 18, 2; 57-70
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 34

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