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Tytuł:
A novel logic-based approach for failure modes mitigation control and quantitative system reliability analyses
Oryginalna, oparta na logice metoda kontroli ograniczania przyczyn uszkodzeń i ilościowej analizy niezawodności systemu
Autorzy:
Yang, D.
Ren, Y.
Wang, Z.
Liu, L.
Sun, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
failure
reliability
failure mitigation control
quantitative reliability analyses
uszkodzenie
niezawodność
kontrola ograniczania uszkodzeń
ilościowe analizy niezawodności
Opis:
The core idea of reliability design is to mitigate the product’s failure modes. However, for the cross-links among potential failure modes of a complex product, it is very difficult to establish the mapping relationship between failure modes mitigation and quantitative values of reliability, and the decision of failure modes mitigation have to be performed by virtue of experience, which always increase design period. In order to solve these problems, a novel logic-based approach for failure modes mitigation control and quantitative system reliability analyses is provided. Firstly, a hybrid of active and passive control process of reliability design is proposed. Secondly, a novel concept of failure modes correlation set (FMCS) and a determination approach based on deductive theory are presented. According to the changes in failure modes probabilities of occurrence, the reliability formulas of the components and assemblies are provided to depict the effects of failure mode mitigation on reliability of components and assemblies. And then the FMCS mitigation sequence is decided to determine reliability design activities. Thirdly, a closed control process of FMCS mitigation is provided integrated with logic decision method. By exposing the design of a helicopter fuel system, the present study demonstrates that all approaches are feasible, and the relationship between reliability parameters and qualitative design exists. Hence the failure modes mitigation could be controlled for the achievement of quantitative reliability requirements.
Podstawowym problemem w procesie projektowania niezawodności jest ograniczenie przyczyn uszkodzeń produktu. Jednakże, w przypadku sieci połączeń pomiędzy możliwymi przyczynami uszkodzeń złożonego produktu, trudno jest ustalić mapę zależności pomiędzy ograniczaniem przyczyn uszkodzeń i ilościowymi wartościami niezawodności, a decyzje względem ograniczania przyczyn uszkodzeń muszą bazować na własnym doświadczeniu, co znacznie wydłuża okres projektowania. W celu rozwiązania powyższych problemów, zaproponowano oryginalną, opartą na logice, metodę kontroli ograniczania przyczyn uszkodzeń i ilościowej analizy niezawodności systemu. Na wstępie, zaproponowano mieszany proces aktywnej i pasywnej kontroli niezawodności projektu. Następnie, zaprezentowano oryginalną koncepcję zbioru korelacji przyczyn uszkodzeń (FMCS) i metodę oznaczania opartą o teorię dedukcji. Na podstawie zmian dotyczących prawdopodobieństwa występowania przyczyn uszkodzeń, określono wzory niezawodności części i układów w celu pokazania wpływu ograniczania przyczyn uszkodzeń na niezawodność części i układów. Określono następnie ograniczającą sekwencję FMCS, ażeby ustalić założenia dla projektowania niezawodności. Na koniec zaprezentowano zamknięty proces kontroli ograniczania FMCS w powiązaniu z logiczną metodą podejmowania decyzji. Analizując pod tym kątem projekt systemu paliwowego helikoptera, wykazano w niniejszej pracy przydatność wszystkich powyższych metod, jak również związek pomiędzy parametrami niezawodności a projektowaniem jakościowym. Dlatego też ograniczanie przyczyn uszkodzeń powinno być kontrolowane w celu osiągnięcia wymaganej niezawodności ilościowej.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2015, 17, 1; 100-106
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abundance and community structure of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria in response to peanut growth under controlled condition in Shandong, China
Autorzy:
Huang, C.
Xu, N.
Fu, Z.
Sun, B.
You, S.
Ma, D.
Yu, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12689395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
China
plant cultivation
peanut
Arachis hypogaea
plant growth
community structure
microorganism abundance
ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
ammonia-oxidizing archaea
field experiment
three-year field experiment
controlled condition
Opis:
Based on a three-year field experiment under controlled condition in Ji’nan, China, the effects of peanut growth on the variation in the abundance and community structure of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) before and after peanut growth were investigated through quantitative PCR and cluster analysis of terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results show that the community composition of AOA and AOB was greatly affected by the peanut growth leading to the decreased abundance of AOA and increased abundance of AOB. Furthermore, AOA and AOB community structures varied before and after peanut growth. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all AOA and AOB community sequences were clustered into the uncultured group. Altogether, the results suggested that the abundance of AOA and AOB in soil and their community compositions can be greatly affected by the peanut growth.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2019, 18, 6; 119-127
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of affine NARMA model to design of adaptive power system stabilizer
Autorzy:
Zhou, J.
Ke, D.
Chung, C. Y.
Sun, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/327256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
adaptive control
affine
NARMA model
neural network
power system stabilizer
PSS
sterowanie adaptacyjne
sieć neuronowa
stabilizator systemu zasilania
Opis:
An affine nonlinear autoregressive moving average (NARMA) model is derived from the neural network (NN) based general NARMA model in this paper, by using Taylor series expansion. The predictive error of this affine NARMA model will be quite acceptable, at least for the control purpose, if the amplitude of control input is properly limited. Therefore, an adaptive control scheme based on this model is proposed and applied to the design of adaptive power system stabilizer (APSS) since the amplitude of PSS output is usually well limited. The feature of this control scheme is that the control input can be online analytically obtained. Thus, comparing to the traditional NN based APSS (TAPSS), the affine NARMA model based APSS (AAPSS) does not need the training of a NN as neuro-controller, which may be a troublesome and time consuming step during the design. Moreover, the AAPSS can generally perform better than the TAPSS. Simulation studies on a single machine infinite bus system and a multi-machine system show that the AAPSSs can consistently well perform to damp electromechanical oscillations in the systems over a wide range of operating conditions.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2018, 19, 2; 105-114
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Auxiliary intelligent operating system for dragline stripping equipment in surface mining
Autorzy:
Sun, J.-D.
Zhang, R.-X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/88889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Wydział Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii. Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
dragline stripping
intelligent operating system
operational efficiency
Opis:
In order to improve operation skill of the operators, the design of the auxiliary intelligent operating system of the dragline was studied. Whereby the gyroscopes incorporated in smartphone and data sequence filter algorithm, the automatic collection function of operation cycle, the rotation angle and other parameters of the dragline are attained. In line with the relations among the rotation angle of equipment operation, time-spent and the acceleration, the ratio of the acceleration and deceleration rotation angle in full load rotation and non-loaded return stage are acquired respectively. The function of bucket in rotation was realized. Comprehensive score calculation standard of the technique level of the dragline-based operation was developed, and the function of automatic checking the operation level was effectuated. Field experiment results indicated that the operators’ faults are markedly reduced as the auxiliary intelligent operating system is employed. By using the system the operation behavior of low power slow rotation in rain, snow, low atmospheric pressure and other severe weather conditions can be reduced, assuring all-weather efficient and safe operation of dragline.
Źródło:
Mining Science; 2017, 24; 251-266
2300-9586
2353-5423
Pojawia się w:
Mining Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of Magnetic Core in Magnetic Pulse Compression System
Autorzy:
Zhang, D.
Yan, P.
Sun, Y.
Wang, J.
Zhou, Y.
Pan, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
07.05.Tp
42.65.Re
75.60.Ej
Opis:
In order to obtain the characteristics of magnetic core under ≈0.5-5 μs saturation time, a one-stage magnetic pulse compression circuit without external demagnetization circuits which are commonly used in magnetic compressors is designed. The current through the core is calculated by voltage across the resistive load, and the loop voltage is picked up with a single wire loop and integrated by software. B-H curves are derived from the measured voltage and current wave forms. B-H curves show that the core loss is in inverse proportion to the time to saturation, whereas the percentile core loss decreases as the charging energy increases. While the eddy current loss and dissipated energy are in direct proportion to dB/dt. The low inductance of magnetic switch indicates that the core is saturated and behaves as an air core. By applying custom characteristics to each stage in Pspice simulation, more practical energy transfer in magnetic pulse compression and the effects of leakage current are presented.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 6; 1001-1003
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crystallization Process of $Fe_{75}Co_5Zr_{10}B_{10}$ Amorphous Alloy
Autorzy:
Sun, Y.
Zuo, B.
Wang, D.
Meng, X.
Liu, J.
Wang, L.
Hua, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.43.Dq
64.60.My
Opis:
$Fe_{75}Co_5Zr_{10}B_{10}$ amorphous alloy prepared by melt-spinning was annealed at various temperatures. The thermal property and microstructures were investigated by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The crystallization process of $Fe_{75}Co_5Zr_{10}B_{10}$ amorphous alloy is complex. The α-Fe phase precipitates from the amorphous matrix in the initial stage of crystallization. The α-Mn type (χ) phase precipitates at 570°C, but transforms to α-Fe phase and the Laves C14(λ) phase at higher temperature. In the final stage of crystallization, $Fe_3Zr$, $Fe_2Zr$, and unknown phases are observed and the λ-phase disappears. The α-Fe phase preferentially nucleates after annealing at 530C for 10 min and the χ-phase preferentially nucleates after annealing at 600C for 10 min. The nucleation barrier of χ-phase is larger than that of α-Fe phase. The local structure of χ-phase is more similar to amorphous phase.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 124, 4; 685-687
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of a SYBR Green I real-time PCR assay for detection of novel porcine parvovirus 7
Autorzy:
Li, Y.D.
Yu, Z.D.
Bai, C.X.
Zhang, D.
Sun, P.
Peng, M.L
Liu, H.
Wang, J.
Wang, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Capsid gene
PPV7
SYBR Green I real-time PCR
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2021, 24, 1; 43-49
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Annealing Temperature and Ambient on Formation, Composition and Bandgap of $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ Thin Films
Autorzy:
Sun, Y.
Yao, B.
Meng, X.
Wang, D.
Long, D.
Hua, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205220.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
68.55.-a
Opis:
Amorphous Cu-Zn-Sn-S precursor films were prepared by sol-gel and spin-coating with copper chloride, zinc chloride, tin chloride and thiourea solutions as starting materials. A $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ film with kesterite structure and a small amount of chlorine formed when the precursor was annealed under Ar ambient at temperature above 200°C, but its atomic ratios of Cu:Zn:Sn:S far deviated from stoichiometric ratios of the $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$. However, when the precursor films were annealed with sulfur powder together at temperatures between 360 and 480°C, the CZTS film containing a very small amount of Cl formed, and its atomic ratio change little for Cu, Zn, and Sn, increases for S and decreases for Cl with increasing temperature. When the temperature is 480°C, a CZTS only has Cu, Zn, Sn, and S element is fabricated, and the atomic ratio of Cu:Zn:Sn:S is near the stoichiometric ratio. The bandgap of the CZTS decreases with increasing annealing temperature. The mechanisms of the formation and the properties of the CZTS are suggested in the present work.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 3; 751-756
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of experimental infections of various Tembusu virus strains isolated from geese, ducks and chickens on ducklings
Autorzy:
Xu, T.
Huang, X.
Li, Y.
Liu, Q.
Liu, X.
Han, K.
Liu, Y.
Yang, J.
Zhao, D.
Bi, K.
Sun, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
goose-derived
duck-derived
chicken-derived
Tembusu virus
pathogenicity
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2018, 21, 2; 389-396
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Endoreversible Four-Reservoir Chemical Potential Transformer with Diffusive Mass Transfer Law
Autorzy:
Xia, D.
Chen, L.
Sun, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1493376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
05.70.Ln
82.60.Lf
Opis:
The performance of an isothermal endoreversible four-reservoir chemical potential transformer, in which the mass transfer between the mass reservoir and the working medium obeys diffusive law, is analyzed and optimized in this paper. The relation between the rate of energy pumping and the coefficient of performance of the isothermal chemical potential transformer is derived by using finite-time thermodynamics. Moreover, the optimal operating regions and the influences of some parameters on the performance of the cycle are studied. The results obtained herein can provide some new theoretical guidelines for the optimal design of a class of apparatus such as mass exchangers, as well as electrochemical, photochemical, and solid-state devices, and the fuel pumps for solar-energy conversion systems.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2011, 120, 3; 378-383
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How foot morphology changes influence shoe comfort and plantar pressure before and after long distance running?
Autorzy:
Mey, Q.
Gu, Y.
Sun, D.
Fernandez, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
ciśnienie podeszwowe
obuwie
kształt stopy
komfort
bieg długodynstansowy
foot shape
plantar pressure
footwear
comfort
long distance running
Opis:
Prolonged running has been popularized globally in recent decades. This study was aimed to reveal information about foot morphology, shoe comfort and plantar loading among recreational heel-strike runners. Methods: Twenty-six runners participated in foot morphology, perceived scores and peak pressure tests after 10- and 20-km track running. The foot morphology was measured using a 3D foot scanner, perceived scores were recorded using a visual analogue scale and plantar pressure was measured via insole plantar pressure measurement system. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The heel midsole materials properties were measured before and after 20 km. Significant changes were observed in ball width and girth, arch height and foot volume. The perceived scores showed significance in overall, forefoot and heel comfort, arch support and forefoot width. Peak pressure to the heel, medial mid-foot and metatarsal greatly increased. The first metatarsal showed consecutive increase from static to 10 km, and 20 km, while big-toe showed a decrease. Conclusions: The morphology variations and forefoot loading concentration may lead to discomfort and possibly imply dermatological problems and metatarsal bone stress, particularly on the first metatarsal. Combining changes of heel midsole property, knowledge of foot shape, shoe perception and plantar pressure is of great value for recreational long-distance running shoes design and materials selection.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2018, 20, 2; 179-186
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increasing nitrogen use efficiency with lower nitrogen application frequencies using zeolite in rice paddy fields
Autorzy:
Wu, Q.
Chen, T.
Chi, D.
Xia, G.
Sun, Y.
Song, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082479.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
available nitrogen
nitrogen uptake
root system
labour force
Opis:
Zeolite can effectively regulate the nutrient status in the root zone of crops, thereby increasing nitrogen utilization. However, there has been relatively little research conducted concerning a possible reduction in the frequency of nitrogen application due to the sustained-release properties of zeolite. In this study, 157.5 kg ha-1 nitrogen in the form of urea fertilizer was applied at the same rate, either as a one-time application or as a 3-way split application with and without 10 t ha-1 zeolite. The effects on rice yield, nitrogen uptake, root morphology and soil properties were evaluated in 2014 and 2015. Results showed that zeolite could enhance the biomass, leaf area index and nitrogen uptake. A higher rice grain yield and nitrogen uptake following soil treatment with zeolite could be attributed to a higher soil cation exchange capacity as well as nitrogen and potassium availability in the soil especially during the vegetative period of the rice plant. The addition of nitrogen to the soil as a one-time application or 3-way split application with 10 t ha-1 zeolite significantly increased rice grain yield by 8.5 or 10.7% compared with nitrogen as a one-time application without zeolite. Zeolite addition greatly improved the development of root morphology and activity compared with treatments without zeolite, which contributed to additional plant growth. The addition of nitrogen to the soil with 10 t ha-1 zeolite as a one-time application that can significantly increase nutrient retention is recommended to improve rice grain yield and decrease nitrogen application frequencies in order to lower both labour forces and energy requirements.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 2; 263-269
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metoda przewidywania niezawodności elementów składowych silnika diesla oparta na analizie przyczyn i skutków uszkodzenia FMEA
A reliability prediction method for diesel engine components based on FMEA
Autorzy:
Ling, D.
Song, W.
Sun, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/300964.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
przewidywanie niezawodności
silnik Diesla
podobieństwo konstrukcyjne
FMEA
reliability prediction
diesel engine
design similarity method
Opis:
Przewidywanie niezawodności polega na ocenie niezawodności urządzeń lub wyrobów z użyciem modeli i danych matematycznych przed wejściem tych pierwszych do produkcji lub ich modyfikacją, zanim dostępne są dane empiryczne. Jest to ważna część działań mających na celu poprawę niezawodności, jakie prowadzi się podczas całego czasu eksploatacji danego systemu. Artykuł koncentruje się na zagadnieniu przewidywania niezawodności elementów składowych silnika Diesla. Dla skrócenia czasu gromadzenia potrzebnych informacji oraz poprawy skuteczności predykcji zaproponowano metodę zintegrowaną z analizą przyczyn i skutków uszkodzenia (FMEA). Metoda stanowi modyfikację metody podobieństwa konstrukcyjnego (design similarity), w której niezawodność nowego elementu składowego oblicza się porównując występowanie przyczyn jego uszkodzeń w nowej konstrukcji z ich występowaniem w podobnym, już istniejącym elemencie składowym. Proponowaną metodę omówiono na przykładzie predykcji niezawodności uszczelki głowicy cylindra silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym.
Reliability prediction involves reliability estimation of equipment or products prior to their production or modification by applying mathematical models and data before empirical data are available. It is an important part of reliability improvement work in the whole lifetime of a system. This paper focuses on the reliability prediction of diesel engine components. To reduce the time of gathering useful information and to improve prediction efficiency, a method integrated with design failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is proposed. The method is a modification of design similarity method in which the reliability of a new component is calculated by comparing its failure modes occurrence in the new design with the one of a similar existing component. An example about reliability prediction of a cylinder head gasket in a diesel engine is used to illustrate the proposed method.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2011, 1; 63-67
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nano-silica reinforced hybrid light-diffusing films with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties
Autorzy:
Sun, X
Li, N.
Hang, J
Jin, L.
Shi, L
Cheng, Z.
Shang, D
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
optical materials and properties
nanocomposites
light-diffusing films
sol-gel preparation
nanoparticles
Opis:
Ultraviolet-curable hybrid light-diffusing films with good optical, mechanical and thermal properties were prepared by involving vinyl-silane-modified nano-silica into light-diffusing films. The light-diffusing films were two-phase materials consisting of UV-curable matrix and light-diffusing agent. The effect of three different light-diffusing agents, viz. inorganic layered particle (CaCO3), spherical acrylic resin (MR-7HG) and organosilicone resin (KMP-590) and their contents, on the optical properties of light-diffusing films was studied. The results showed the light-diffusing film exhibited good optical properties (the transmittance was 90.7% and the haze was 95.5%) when KMP-590 was a light-diffusing agent and its content was 25%. It was because that KMP-590 showed good transparency, good dispersion in the UV-curable matrix and the greater difference in refractive index with UV-curable matrix and polycarbonate substrate. Furthermore, the effect of nano-silica on the optical, mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid light-diffusing films was investigated. Compared to that of the light-diffusing films without nano-silica, the haze of the hybrid light-diffusing films containing nano-silica was lightly enhanced to above 98%, while their transmittance basically remained unchanged at a high value (above 89%). Additionally, scratch and abrasion resistance of the hybrid films were obviously improved by nano-silica especially with the particle size of 10–15 nm. Furthermore, the mechanical property and thermal stability of the hybrid films were improved as the content of nano-silica with the particle size of 10–15 nm increased. The enhanced mechanical property and thermal stability of the films could be attributed to the dense structure induced by the increase in network density with the addition of vinyl-silane-modified nano-silica.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 393-404
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New information on sexual dimorphism and allometric growth in Keichousaurus hui, a pachypleurosaur from the Middle Triassic of Guizhou, South China
Autorzy:
Xue, Y.
Jiang, D.
Motani, R.
Rieppel, O.
Sun, Y.
Sun, Z.
Ji, C.
Yang, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Opis:
Keichousaurus hui is a small pachypleurosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Triassic of China. Many specimens of various growth stages are known, making them ideal for ontogenetic research. We report 22 new specimens from the Middle Triassic of Xingyi (Guizhou, south China), and combined their skeletal measurements with those from 85 published specimens to analyze the ontogenetic trajectory of sexual dimorphism. An Exploratory Factor Analysis suggests that the largest factors behind morphological disparity within the species are body size followed by gender. Sexual dimorphism is most clearly reflected in selected skeletal ratios that are more pronounced in males than in females. We found that the relative length of femur to body size was useful in gender identification, in addition to three ratios that are traditionally used, namely a distal expansion of the humerus relative to its shaft, humerus length relative to body size, and humerus length relative to femur length. Two distinctive patterns exist in allometric changes of these four ratios. The distal expansion of the humerus is exceptional in that it is equally pronounced in juvenile and adult males and therefore must have been fully established during embryonic growth. The other three features are not pronounced at birth size and subsequently become pronounced during postembryonic growth. However, males and females already show different growth trajectories at birth size even in these three. Therefore, the fate of sexually dimorphic features seems to have already been set during embryonic growth in K. hui.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2015, 60, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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