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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Trudny proces wskrzeszania japońskiej dumy narodowej
    The difficult process of reviving Japanese national pride
    Autorzy:
    Starecka, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Opis:
    According to the public opinion poll conducted by the Dentsū Agency in 2000, in terms of national pride, the Japanese placed themselves at a distant 57th position in the world. “The love of the fatherland” was declared by approximately 54% of respondents. The survey report published by the Cabinet Office of Japan in January 2015 shows a similar level of social attitudes (55%). The attempts to revive the spirit of patriotism, including the restoration of ethics classes in schools, respect for state symbols, as well as the revision of the constitution imposed on Japan during the occupation, have been taken-up by the authorities since the 50s. However, they have met with strong opposition from the left-wing parties, the teachers’ unions and the pacifist-inclined groups within Japanese society. Economic successes have significantly contributed to the sense of national pride. The decreasing tendency is associated with a prolonged crisis, as well as the inability of Japan to pursue, despite the end of the Cold War, a foreign policy less dependent on the United States, or to adopt a more assertive stance towards China. Moreover, the media proclaims the “second loss” of Japan. Prime Minister Shinzō Abe emphasizes that the current crisis is largely the result of the moving away from traditional values. It has been indicated that one of essential conditions for the recovery of national pride, in addition to the need to form a new constitution reflecting the national character (kunigara), is the revision of the Japanese historical consciousness distorted by the Tokyo Trial. However, steps in this direction are perceived as an attempt to revive the cult of the state and they are considered militaristically ambitious. The aim of the presented paper is to answer the question of whether the allegations formulated by Asian neighbours, as well as in Japan, can be considered well-founded.
    Źródło:
    Azja-Pacyfik; 2015, XVIII; 188-208
    1643-692X
    Pojawia się w:
    Azja-Pacyfik
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Japonia, Korea Południowa, Chiny – inicjatywy wspólnego opisu dziejów najnowszych
    Japan, South Korea, China – Initiatives of the Common Depiction of the Contemporary History
    Autorzy:
    Starecka, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/578172.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
    Tematy:
    Japan
    Korea
    China
    joint history research
    Opis:
    Differing historical memories cause constant friction in Japan’s relations with her Asian neighbours. In the first decade of the twenty-first century these conflicts worsened in connection with, among others, the approval by the Ministry of Education of the controversial history textbook published by Fusōsha. In order to improve mutual relations, joint history research projects such as the Japan-South Korea Joint History Research Committee (2002-2005; 2007-2010) and the Japan-China Joint History Research Committee (2006-2010) were established. It is also worth noting the attempts at creating common teaching materials undertaken by both academia and civil society organizations like the “History that Opens the Future” (Mirai o hiraku rekishi, 2005) and its continuation (2012), published in Japanese, Korean and Chinese. The aim of this article is to present joint initiatives that describe the recent history of the East Asian region and an attempt to answer the question of whether the current historical policy of China, South Korea and Japan creates an opportunity to develop a balanced assessment of World War II.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2017, 1-2; 167-182
    0033-2283
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Orientalistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    日本側による戦争責任自主裁判構想
    Japanese Initiatives Concerning Voluntary War-responsibility Trials
    Autorzy:
    Starecka, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810794.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Stowarzyszenie Badań Japonistycznych
    Tematy:
    war responsibility
    voluntary trials
    Emperor Shōwa
    Higashikuni Naruhiko
    Shidehara Kijūrō
    Yoshida Shigeru
    Opis:
    It is common knowledge that the International Military Tribunal for the Far East to Japan was equivalent to the Nuremberg trials to Nazi Germany. However, while Germany is seen to have actively pursued its war criminals, Japan continues to be accused of lacking similar initiative, and failing to fully analyze or take responsibility, morally or politically, for the war. In reality, during the Allies’ conference for the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, Japanese Military officials proposed conditions allowing for Japan to carry out its own war criminal trials. Then on September 12, 1945 the Japanese government formulated a declaration of “just trials” for war criminals, independently of the Allies’ war tribunal. However it is worth pointing out that there was also unofficial pressure from General MacArthur’s headquarters to do so. In his opinion, a Japanese initiative in such matters was desirable. Based on this declaration, the Japanese military command began trials of class BC war criminals, but in February 1946 they were suspended at the behest of General Headquarters. It’s also important to mention that there was a plan to release an Imperial Rescript aimed at harsh penalties for individuals who defied the Emperor’s will and led Japan into an aggressive war (hangyakuzai). Additionally, leftist organizations were calling for civil tribunals that would try war criminals, starting with the Emperor. According to Yoshida Shigeru (the Foreign Affairs Minister and later Prime Minister), having the Occupation run the trials was in fact the most favorable outcome for Japan because of the unique connection between the nation and the Emperor, for whom judging his subjects would be especially painful (shinobigatai), it also prevented shedding the blood of kinsmen, saved the Emperor, and contributed to a system of national security. Opinions on the Tokyo Tribunal are divided; in present-day Japan discussions regarding the necessity of evaluating and re-evaluating wartime issues and judgments remain ongoing.
    Źródło:
    Analecta Nipponica; 2017, 7; 241-265
    2084-2147
    Pojawia się w:
    Analecta Nipponica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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