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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Zestawienie elementów zabytkowych jako narzędzie waloryzacji zabytku w procesie klasyfikacji i kategoryzacji
    List of historic elements as a tool for valorization of a monument in the process of classification and categorization
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/113965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Lubelska. Polski Komitet Narodowy Międzynarodowej Rady Ochrony Zabytków
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego; 2016, 2; 117-119
    2543-6422
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ZAMEK CZORSZTYN ZABYTKOWA RUINA W PARKU NARODOWYM
    CZORSZTYN CASTLE HISTORICAL RUIN IN A NATIONAL PARK
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538794.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    Zamek Czorsztyn
    zabytkowa ruina
    warownia
    Baszta Baranowskiego
    Park Narodowy w Pieninach
    dziedzictwo kulturowe
    uroczysko
    zabezpieczenie ruin
    Alfred Majewski
    Zieleniec
    Opis:
    Researchers have acknowledged that the oldest fortress on the site of the present-day castle was built during the third quarter of the thirteenth century and became known as “Wronin”. The castle named “Czorsztyn”, expanded and redesigned upon numerous occasions starting with the fourteenth century, played the part of a custom house, the seat of the office of a starosta not associated with the castletown, and a royal residence located next to an important route to Hungary. In 1629-1643 starosta Jan Baranowski, the count of Jastrzębiec, basically redesigned the object. The downfall of the castle began with its devastation in 1734-1735, and final collapse was caused by a fire which broke out in 1790. From that time on, the castle remained a ruin. This was the state in which it was discovered by nineteenth-century tourists and artists, becoming part of the Polish Romantic tradition. Attempts at preserving the ruins were made already during the nineteenth century and the first half of the twentieth century by the owners of the castle, members of the Drohojowski family. A natural reserve was created in 1921 after rare (endemic) species of plants were found amidst the ruins. During the 1950s limited preservation work was conducted after the monument was taken over by the State Treasury. Changes in the surrounding environment caused by the construction of an artificial water reservoir made it necessary to embark upon wider conservation undertakings, realised since 1992 by the present-day administrator of the monument, i. e. the Pieniński National Park, according to projects by Piotr M. Stępień, an architect, and Dr. Stanisław Karczmarczyk, an engineer. The basic conservation premise accepted by all the variants and stages of the project is to preserve the characteristic silhouette of the ruins of Czorsztyn Castle in view of its above mentioned role played in Romantic tradition and connections with the protected landscape of the Pieniny Mts. The process of securing relics uncovered in the course of research and opening the ruins to visitors calls for the introduction of roofs, stairs and gangplanks within the object. From the viewpoint of construction, the basic method of protection proved to be the recreation of selected elements of the historical ceilings, arches, etc., supplemented by means of injections and roof bolting in the case of threatened fragments of the walls. The author lists the reasons and consequences of resorting to this particular method. Heretofore efforts have managed to maintain the accepted conservation premises. The correctness of the selected conservation trend is confirmed by the large numbers of visitors and their approval for the object. By using the example of Czorsztyn, the author analysed the conservation of historical ruins, claiming that the threats posed to historical ruins include the doctrine of non-intervention and unhampered fantasy. As a rule, a radically conceived principle of nonintervention signifies consent to the annihilation of the historical ruin in the near future. A similar threat is posed by reconstruction which enters into the domain of fantasy, unsupported by iconography or the outcome of architectural research. By restoring the utilitarian and technical value of the given object, such reconstruction destroys its historical merits, sometimes irreversibly. A wide field of professional solutions located between those two radical attitudes, makes it possible to preserve an object without losing any of its historical qualities.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2005, 1; 5-28
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    WYBRANE PROBLEMY KONSERWACJI I EKSPOZYCJI ANTYCZNYCH ZABYTKÓW RZYMU
    SELECTED PROBLEMS OF THE CONSERVATION AND EXPOSITION OF CLASSICAL MONUMENTS IN ROME
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535437.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    Rzym
    zabytki Rzymu
    budowle antyczne
    Kolumny Trajana i Marka Aureliusza
    relikty Stadionu Domicjana
    Łuk Konstantyna
    nebulizacja
    Koloseum
    Forum Romanum
    Palatyn
    Fora Cesarskie (Fori Imperiali)
    Hale Trajana (Mercati Traianei)
    Kapitol
    Złoty Dom (Domus Aurea)
    Rzymskie Muzeum Narodowe (Museo Nazionale Romano)
    Termy Dioklecjana
    Ołtarz Pokoju (Ara Pacis)
    Opis:
    Almost the entire area of contemporary Rome contains classical buildings whose fragments had been incorporated into later structures or whose relics remain concealed underground. The author discusses their conservation upon the basis of of selected different objects. Trajan's column, the Column of Marcus Aurelius, the Arch of Constantine, the Arch of Septimus Severus and the Arch of Titus are examples of large-scale marble historical monuments, subjected to thorough conservation during the 1980s. The differences between their present-day state are the consequence primarily of the threat posed by the pollution of the natural environment caused by street traffic. On the other hand, the subterranean complex of relics in Domus Aurea is damaged by moisture. In the case of the Colosseum, in which samples of the elevation have been cleaned, the author accentuates respect for patina and the authenticity of the monument, an approach characteristic for the Italian school of conservation. The article discusses the programme of conserving such archaeological complexes as the Forum Romanum, the Palatine and the Imperial Fora. In the latter case, an essential element of the programme was the arrangement of the Imperial Fora Museum in the Halls of Trajan. The author underlines the fact that new elements had been introduced into the classical structure of the building in such a way as to avoid dominating it. Plans for building a third line of the Roman Underground propose an exposition area conceived as a link between the stations and the archaeological protection area. The author considers the work conducted in the Capitoline Museum (i.a. a new showroom for the statue of Marcus Aurelius) and plans for further development, which foresee the creation of a whole district of museums in the environs of the Capitol. He goes on to discuss the expansion of Museo Nazionale Romano – a project for redesigning the main museum seat in the Baths of Diocletian, an exposition in the Planetarium Hall, and new departments in Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Palazzo Altemps and Via delle Botteghe Oscure (the Balbi Crypt) – together with building Ara Pacis, a new museum designed by Richard Meier. Summing up: effective in situ protection of classical large-scale monuments, especially marble objects threatened by atmospheric factors, has still not been satisfactorily resolved. This may be the reason why a network of archaeological museum expositions, conceived as an essential component of the contemporary town structure, is being created with such great consistency and impetus. The expositions aim at a an attractive and comprehensive presentation of architectural elements and works of art near the sites in which they were discovered and in connection with a display of relics of the buildings. In contrast to a tendency which originated in the 1930s, and consisted of isolating classical monuments and “cleaning” them of all later stratification, the present-day trend aims at showing the monuments within a complete historical context.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2005, 4; 5-26
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wawel w polskim systemie służb konserwatorskich
    Wawel in the Polish system of conservation services
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/113873.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Lubelska. Polski Komitet Narodowy Międzynarodowej Rady Ochrony Zabytków
    Tematy:
    Wawel
    museum
    historic preservation
    muzeum
    ochrona zabytków
    Opis:
    The article describes the system of historic preservation care provided to the architectural complex of outstanding historical value located on the Wawel Hill. The historic preservation supervision is organised in a very particular way, i.e. responsibilities of the Regional Historic Preservation Officer are delegated to the Head of the Wawel Royal Castle acting as Historic Preservation Officer of the Wawel Hill. His area of competence covers the entire Wawel Hill within the boundaries set forth in the register of historic monuments and sites (A-7), i.e. not only the museum premises and the land on which it is located (owned by the State Treasury) but also church facilities (including Wawel Cathedral) and hill slopes for which Cracow Municipality is responsible. It seems that there are sound reasons behind the scope of historic preservation supervision covering both movable (exhibit items) and immovable (architecture) properties. With regard to Wawel, it is also particularly important to keep this ensemble of great historical significance under joint historic preservation supervision. It is therefore not recommended for three separate bodies, i.e. the museum, the church, and the municipality, to be responsible for this group of historic monuments. This results from the fact that a standardised and uniform concept needs to be defined for this ensemble and a great number of problems pertaining to technical and conservation issues need to be solved comprehensively. Furthermore, this article details duties carried out by Historic Preservation Officer of the Wawel Hill and explores matters for which Regional Conservation Officer is responsible. The author is of the opinion that the organisation of the discussed historic preservation supervision may be a role model for other residences of great historical value and other protected ensembles used as museums.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego; 2016, 1; 117-119
    2543-6422
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    REKONSTRUKCJA I KREACJA W ODNOWIE ZAMKU NA WAWELU
    RECONSTRUCTION AND CREATION IN THE RESTORATION OF WAWEL CASTLE
    Autorzy:
    Stępien, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/537015.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    WAWEL CASTLE - RECONSTRUCION AND CREATION
    odnowa zamku na Wawelu
    Tomasz Pryliński
    Zygmunt Hendel
    „Pochód królów”
    realizacje Adolfa Szyszko-Bohusza
    strop kasetonowy
    rezerwaty archeologiczne
    uporządkowanie Wawelu
    Opis:
    The damage incurred by the partitioning authorities meant that in 1905 the condition of Wawel Castle was that of advanced devastation. Consequently, its restoration entailed the permanent question whether to recreate the historical form of the damaged elements or rather to introduce new ones, proposed by the designer? In the first restoration (1881-1882) architect Tomasz Pryliƒski referred to the shape of the Castle from the first half of the seventeenth century. Due to the degree of its devastation and gaps in the documents, a number of elements resembled more design creation than reconstruction. The study served as a base for a restoration project proposed in 1907-1908 by Zygmunt Hendel, which, in turn, became the topic of a controversy involving the Cracow conservators and Max Dvofiák, who opposed the reconstruction of the damaged components and even the removal of the walled up parts of the gallery. The discussion produced a compromise, which proved to be conducive for Wawel Castle. In work completed up to 1914 the recreation of the historical state remained predominant and corresponded to the premises of the scientific restoration of this monument of national history. This was also the time of several unrealised projects relating to Wawel, in which artistic creation prevailed over conservation principles. The two most important are Acropolis by Stanisław Wyspiański and Władysław Ekielski, and Pochód Królów (Royal Procession) by Wacław Szymanowski. Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz, supervisor of the Castle’s restoration in 1916-1939 and 1945-1946, proposed more moderate solutions. He achieved, i. a. the recreation of the majority of the Castle interiors, a new composition of the main entrance, and a number of elements in the Castle elevations. The archaeological reservations around the relics of the rotunda of St. Felix and St. Adauctus, and in the western wing of the Castle, comprised truly pioneering proposals. Both contain a creative element, albeit of a new variety, i.e. the conservation arrangement. In the four conceptions concerning the whole Hill, the realised elements were those of greatest value, while the rejected ones were contrary to Wawel’s historical character. Wawel Hill managed to survive the German occupation unscathed, but was subjected to a number of harmful redesigning ventures. The ensuing damage of the historical complex called either for the recreation of its earlier state or creative reconstruction. The post-war resignation from stately functions in favour of purely museum ones contributed to a new trend. Prof. Witold Minkiewicz negated the conception of monumental buildings, and recognised adaptation to a historical environment to be the suitable solution. It is precisely this current which is represented by the restoration of Złodziejska (Thieves) Tower and the adjoining newly erected administrative building no. 8. The restoration of the western wing of the palace (Prof. Alfred Majewski) attempted to make use of the “reconstruction” trend combined with partial recreation referring to the general character of the Renaissance interiors. On the other hand, the gate wing interiors have been granted the nature of an architectural reservation. Successive realisations within the range of archaeologicalarchitectural reservations include the so-called inner courtyard featuring a display of the foundations of mediaeval edifices and “The Lost Wawel” exhibition. The author of the shows in the Treasury and the Armoury (Prof. Młodzianowski) applied simple modernistic forms. The reconstruction encompasses the southern section of the mediaeval walls, re-created only to a certain height. The next stage in the restoration of Wawel Castle has been determined by the realisation of a complex conservation programme, conducted since 1990 under the supervision of Prof. Jan Ostrowski, the present-day Director of the Royal Castle on Wawel Hill. Its premises foresee the inclusion not only of the historical strata of assorted buildings on Wawel Hill but also previous conservation. This approach does not exclude a number of corrections, as long as the essential elements of the historical assumptions had been recreated incorrectly. The recreation of the Royal Gardens complex remains an important task within the whole programme. Pertinent studies made it possible to precisely reconstruct various architectural elements (design by P. Stępień, J. Smólski, S. Karczmarczyk). A discovered fragment of brick paths from the sixteenth century proved decisive for the future trend of recreating the garden composition, The restoration of the paved surface of the Arcaded Courtyard (design: J. Kisielewski, Z. K. Baster) and the reconstruction of the roof of Senatorska (Senators’) Tower (design: P. Stępień, S. Karczmarczyk) have been treated as a necessary supplement of the Castle’s restoration. For the purposes of the conservation of Sandomierska Tower (authors: vide supra) use has been made of certain elements of the reconstruction of historical forms and contemporary creation, with the assumption of full harmony between the latter and the tower’s architecture. The authors of the restoration of building no. 5, redesigned upon several occasions in the nineteenth and twentieth century, have opted for correcting the elevation architecture by adapting this building to the entire complex. In the course of the century-long restoration of Wawel Castle artistic creation gradually made way for conservation arrangement. Today, reconstruction and creation are applied cautiously, and are predominated by undertakings of a preserving, securing and museum nature. The revival of Wawel Castle was impossible, however, without the recreation of historical elements and the installation of newly designed ones. The author believes that such solutions should be used with moderation and responsibility as measures serving for the reintegration of the historical monument, and not as a goal in itself.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2007, 2; 27-50
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Regionalny Ośrodek Studiów i Ochrony Środowiska Kulturowego w Łodzi
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/535117.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    Regionalny Ośrodek Studiów i Ochrony Środowiska Kulturowego w Łodzi
    archeologia lotnicza
    Archeologiczne Zdjęcie Polski
    Księży Młyn
    zakłady Poznańskiego
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2002, 1; 84-87
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rapid serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM – not worth attention?
    Autorzy:
    Krygier, Rafał
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Zarębska-Michaluk, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086077.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-05-27
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    RT-PCR
    screening
    employees
    COVID-19
    SARS-CoV-2
    rapid serological tests
    Opis:
    ObjectivesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had spread worldwide since December 2019 and became a pandemic in March 2020. The diagnosis of an active infection is based on the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from the nasopharyngeal swab specimen. The aim of the current analysis was to assess the usefulness of the rapid serological tests for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections.Material and MethodsThe rapid serological tests detecting IgG/IgM antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 were voluntarily performed in asymptomatic employees of 2 companies. The examination was conducted at the date and time selected online by the study participants. The testing team consisted of 2 nurses collecting the samples and 1 doctor who interpreted the results. Each positive rapid test result was verified by an RT-PCR examination from a nasopharyngeal swab. The testing kits named Vazyme: 2019-nCoV IgG/IgM Detection Kit (Colloidal Gold-Based) were provided by the employer along with the manual and certificates.ResultsThe overall interest in testing among employees was below the employer’s expectations and reached 30% and 20% in each of the 2 companies, respectively. A total of 516 participants were included in the analysis. Ten positive results of the rapid tests were documented, including 7 for IgM and 3 for IgG antibodies. No positive result was confirmed by the detection of the genetic material of the SARS-CoV-2 by the RT-PCR examination.ConclusionsHerein, the authors demonstrated the uselessness of rapid serological tests performed in asymptomatic volunteers for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2021, 34, 2; 203-209
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Konserwacja Wawelu w świetle doktryn konserwatorskich
    The conservation of Wawel castle in the light of conservation doctrines
    Autorzy:
    Stępień, Piotr M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538866.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    Wawel
    prace konserwatorskie i restauratorskie na Wawelu
    konserwacja Wawelu
    prace na Wzgórzu Wawelskim
    studium restauracji zamku
    projekt restauracji katedry
    Sławomir Odrzywolski
    regotycyzacja prezbiterium
    Zygmunt Hendel
    doktryny konserwatorskie na Wawelu
    Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz
    prof. Witold Minkiewicz
    prof. Alfred Majewski
    koncepcje prac konserwatorskich na Wawelu
    prof. Jan Ostrowski
    Opis:
    The article analyses the conservation and restoration conducted from the third quarter of the nineteenth century on Wawel Hill, both within the royal residence complex and the cathedral, from the viewpoint of the then prevailing and present-day conservation doctrines. The first pioneering study of the restoration of the royal castle, prepared by Tomasz Pryliński in 1881-1882, must be highly assessed also as regards the current conservation method. On the other hand, the project of the restoration of the cathedral proposed by Sławomir Odrzywolski in 1886 still contained numerous elements of stylistic purism. In the course of its realisation it was considerably modified by a limitation of the re-Gothicisation, a preservation of the majority of the historical strata and an introduction of modern elements (Art Nouveau). The project of the restoration of the castle presented by Zygmunt Hendel in 1908 became the topic of a discussion in which diverse stands were represented by Max Dvořak, the chief conservator of historical monuments in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and Professor Stanislaw Tomkowicz, chairman of the Castle Restoration Committee. Continuing the ideas launched by Alois Riegel, Dvořak was in favour of strictly comprehended conservation, while Tomkowicz defended the idea of scientific restoration. The outcome of the discussion was a compromise favourable for Wawel Hill, entailing a resignation from controversial reconstruction proposals but not from the actual restoration of the royal residence. In 1916-1939 the restoration of the castle was continued by Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz, whose specific approach was based more on artistic creation. Today, his realisations already possess a certain historical value and deserve to be subjected to conservation protection on their own merit. Their essential novelty consisted of arranging two archaeological- -architectural reservations. Out of for four conceptions pertaining to the whole Hill (1917, 1919, 1939, 1946) Szyszko-Bohusz or his successors implemented the best elements. Fortunately for Wawel Hill, they did not realise plans for a Pantheon and an amphitheatre, which cannot be favourably judged from the viewpoint of conservation doctrine. After the Second World War conservators resigned from these plans and under the supervision of Witold Minkiewicz and Alfred Majewski initiated, i.a. work on mediaeval walls in the western and southern part of Wawel Hill. The range of the reconstruction was distinctly limited in comparison with the conceptions expounded by Szyszko-Bohusz, thus expressing the transformations of the conservation doctrine of the period. In 2008 a positive opinion about those realisations was reflected in its entry into a register of historical monuments as a “conservation document”. Modern elements of exposition arrangements introduced into the Treasury, the Armoury and the exhibition “The lost Wawel” are distinct from the authentic substance, a solution that reflects a clear-cut impact of the doctrine recorded in the Charter of Venice. Complex conservation, comprising the next stage of work conducted on Wawel Hill, had been initiated in 1990 by the present-day Director of the Royal Castle on Wawel Hill and Conservator of Historical Monuments on Wawel Hill – Professor Jan Ostrowski. The basic premises of these undertakings are contained in the Statute of the Royal Castle on Wawel Hill, which defines both the function of the Castle complex as a museum- -historical residence and the trend of conservation: “the preservation of the historical substance of monuments belonging to the Castle”. “Conservation” should, however, be comprehended as “conservation- -restoration”, since present-day activities should supplement those of the predecessors and not negate them. Such a continuation of earlier initiatives included the recreation of the surface of the arcade courtyard, the recreation of the historical crowing of Lubranka, the completion of the conservation- -restoration of the Sandomierz bastion, the architectural correction of the elevation of the Royal Kitchens (no. 5), the recreation of the royal gardens and the revalorisation of the complex of Gothic houses, i.e. building no. 7. An essential element in embarking upon conservation decisions is a valorisation of the historical strata, which includes also the results of earlier conservation. The negative opinion about the nineteenth- century introduction of barracks in the royal palace complex is maintained, but Austrian fortifications extant up to this day have been recognised as an element subjected to protection. Redesigning introduced during the Nazi occupation, fortunately not extensive, has also been negatively assessed. The principles applied in reference to the outcome of previous conservation assumed their preservation as historical values unless they collide with the fundamental purpose of the presentation of a historical royal residence, i.e. falsify its image or damage its historical substance. In such cases, corrections are advised, as exemplified by the exit from the castle to the royal gardens and a new arrangement of the reservation in the west wing of the castle.
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2009, 1; 83-100
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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