- Tytuł:
-
Kinetyka przemian polichlorowanych bifenyli w czasie kompostowania
Kinetics of polychlorinated biphenyls transformation during composting - Autorzy:
- Siebielska, I.
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819826.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2009
- Wydawca:
- Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
- Tematy:
-
kompostowanie
kinetyka
osady ściekowe
polichlorowane bifenyle
composting
kinetics
polychlorinated biphenyls - Opis:
-
Systematycznie rosnąca ilość wytwarzanych osadów ściekowych w oczyszczalniach stanowi poważny problem ekologiczny. Według danych GUS z 2006r., w Polsce powstaje rocznie około 501,3 tys. ton s.m. osadów ściekowych [6]. Bezpośrednie ich wykorzystanie w rolnictwie jest ograniczone, zarówno ze względów sanitarnych (wysoka liczebność bakterii chorobotwórczych oraz jaj pasożytów), jak i ze względu na obecność wielu substancji toksycznych, do których należą także polichlorowane bifenyle [2].
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a group of chlorine derivative of hydrocarbon with two, joint with bond, phenyl rings. Isomers differing with the degree of chlorination are called congeners [5]. PCBs show high chemical resistance, they do not undergo oxidation, hydrolysis, they are resistant to acids, bases and other chemical reagents. Presence of polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment is first of all connected with theeconomic development. Results of investigations conducted in Brazil show, that kontent of PCBs (above 300 žg/kg d.m.) in composts, obtained from sewage sludge, is several times smaller than in industrialized Europe (about 1000 žg/kg d.m.) [7]. Because of industrialization of Poland it is advisable to examine content of those organic contaminants In sewage sludge, coming from municipal wastewater treatment plant and in composts obtained from them. The composting is one of many methods to dispose biodegradable waste like sewage sludge. Among many organic compounds present in composted sewage sludge, can be a lot of toxic substances, which can be hazardous to living organisms and because of that they make biochemical transformation harder, and less efficient. Such substances are polychlorinated biphenyls. During the research, sewage sludge with addition of green waste was composted. In samples taken from piles of frequency 14 days, 6 densities of PCB congeners, were measured. Final analysis was executed using gas chromatography equipped with ECD detector. Purpose of the research was to checkthe kinetic of polychlorinated biphenyls transformation during time of composting. The change of content of determined congeners depended on quantity of chlorine atoms. In the case of compounds containing small number of chlorine atoms, increase of their concentration could be caused by biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls with higher number of chlorine atoms. Exponential function illustrates the best changes of concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls for PCB 52 and 101, during composting of the mixture of sewage sludge and green wastes. Logarithmic function describes conversions of remaining compounds. Linear character of the function V(C) for congeners 138, 153 and 180 in both cycles are compatible with the Michaelis-Menten model of biodegradation. The process of biodegradation of examined substances has the primary character. Calculated constatnt of process rate was about 0.03 day-1. - Źródło:
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Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2009, Tom 11; 473-483
1506-218X - Pojawia się w:
- Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł